NZ201086A

NZ201086A - Ectoparasiticidal spray formulation

Info

Publication number: NZ201086A
Application number: NZ201086A
Authority: NZ
Inventors: W Stendel; H Voege
Original assignee: Bayer Ag
Priority date: 1981-07-01
Filing date: 1982-06-28
Publication date: 1986-04-11
Also published as: DK294882A; PH18948A; KR840000171A; EP0069269B1; DE3125897A1; JPH0113681B2; IL66147A0; EP0069269A3; JPS588002A; AU560431B2; ATE21478T1; ZA824663B; EP0069269A2; AU8546682A; DE3272717D1

Abstract

1. Method of combating ectoparasites on animals, characterised in that formulations having a content of at least 0.0001 per cent by weight of an ectoparasiticidal active compound, 10 to 80 per cent by weight of one or more spreading oils, 20 to 95 per cent by weight of one or more skin-tolerated solvents and 0 to 20 per cent by weight of other auxiliaries are sprayed on in drop sizes of less than 50 mu m.

Description

<div class="application article clearfix" id="description"> New Zealand Paient Spedficaiion for Paient Number £01 086 201Q86 Priority Date(s): 7.'. Complete Specification Filed: Class: .>.9.j..A.<p.!XU?..p2 Publication Date: . E.I P.O. Journal, No: /.?SS N.Z. NO. NEW ZEALAND Patents Act 195 3 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION "ECTOPARASITICIDAL SPRAY FORMULATIONS" 2 8JUN1982 We, BAYER'AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT, a Company registered under the laws of the Federal Republic of Germany, of Leverkusen, Germany, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a Patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is « to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- . - 1 - (followed by 1A) 201056 - 1A- The invention relates to certain novel ectopara-siticidal spray formulations of active compounds which are active, in particular, against ticks. Spray treatments of animals which operate with relatively large amounts of liquid (for example with about 10 litres per animal when used with large animals, such as cattle), and in which the active compound is applied to the animal in the form of aqueous emulsions or suspensions, with the aid of a spraying apparatus and under high pressure, are already known. These spray treatments clearly require a high expenditure of water, active compound and energy. Formulations have now been developed which exhibit a virtually 100# effect on ectoparasites, in particular on all parasitic tick stages, and which are relatively economical in use compared with the abovement-ioned spray treatments. The present invention now provides an ectopara-siticidal spray formulation characterised in that it contains A) 0.0001 to 90 parts by weight of the active compound(s) selected from 3' -phenoxy-4'-f luoro-^f -cyanobenzyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2"-p-chlorophenyl-2"-chlorovinyl) -cyclopropane-carboxylate; 0-ethyl 0-(quinol-8-yl)-phenyl thiophosphate; 0,0-diethyl 0-(3-chloro-4-methyl-coumarin-7-yl) thiophosphate and 2-isopropoxyphenyl N-methylcarbamate B) 10 to 80 parts by weight of one or more spreading oils, having according to R. Keymer, Pharm. Ind. 32, 577 (1970) a surface tension to air less than 30 dym/cm, C) 20 to 95 parts of weight of one or more solvents tolerated by the skin selected from isopropanol, amylalcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, glycol ethers, butyl acetate and ethyl lactate and D) 0 to 20 parts by weight of further auxilliaries selected from adhesion promoters, surface active agents, and stabilisers to prevent chemical degradation, and that it is sprayable in drop sizes of less than 50 - 2 - 201086 The present invention also provides a method of freeing or protecting domesticated animals from ectoparasites which comprises applying to said animals a formulation according to the present invention. The present invention further provides domesticated animals whenever freed or protected from ectoparasites by the application to said animals of a formulation according to the present invention. The spray formulations according to the invention are preferably employed at each administration in volumes of 5 to 300 ml,, especially 10 to 70 ml, per animal, and are in the form of fractions or multiples of an individual dose, with the proviso that the volumes of the individual dose are as stated. The formulations according to the invention are distinguished by the fact that the active compound is dissolved, emulsified or suspended in the said solvent or solvent mixture which is tolerated by the skin, if appropriate with the addition of further auxiliaries, and is applied to the skin of the animal to be treated, with the aid of a suitable apparatus (such as a spray arc, spray bottle or spray can). Tick-combating by the process according to the invention, using the novel formulations, has the following advantages in comparison with the conventional methods: 1. expensive installation of a dipping or spraying unit can be dispensed with, 2. there are no problems concerning the water supply to the dips and sprays and the energy supply to the spray units, 3. the active compound demand is substantially smaller, ^. the animals do not have to be brought over great distances; loss of weight in these animals is thereby avoided, 5. no difficulties with maintaining the optimum active compound concentration in the baths (when the animals are bathed, they withdraw an overproportional amount of active compound from the bath liquid (="stripping"); owing to ! L e C -'935 •' this, additional active compound concentrate must.be added _ / to the bath at certain intervals so that the active com-pound concent of the bath does not fall below that dose " which is still effective.).. Depending'on the species and stage of development, ectoparasites} particularly ticks, prefer different parts of the body of the host animals, parts of the body 5 having little hair (ear, perineum region, udder area, root of the tail, lower abdominal area) being preferred in most cases. However, in order to distribute the active compound, used in the formulations according to the invention, over the whole animal, it follows' that it is not 10 sufficient merely to apply just the active compound, in some solution, onto the animal. If the active compound amount to be applied is to be administered in acceptable volumes of solution, the addition of specific substances is required. For the reasons mentioned, the use of as 15 small a volume as possible is to be desired when spraying in this way. Surprisingly, spraying extremely small volumes of the formulations according to the invention effects such a good distribution of the active substance on the 20 animal skin that, in comparison with the conventional spray application, only approx. 1/20 of the previous volume and approx. 1/20 of the previous active compound amount are sufficient for success in combating ectoparasites when the formulations according to the invention are 25 used. The term "spreading oils" is to be understood as meaning those oily liquids which spread particularly well over the skin. They are known as such in the cosmetics art. According to a proposal by R. Keymer, Pharm. Ind. 30 32_, 577 (1970), they can be characterised, for example, by their surface tension to air, which surface tension, according to this reference, should be less than 30 dyn/cm. This spreading can also be determined experimentally on the human skin by the so-called print test, (for example in 35 R. Keymer, Pharm. Ind. 32, 577 (1970), or F. Neuwald, 201086 - 4 - K.E. Fetting and A. Szakall>'Fette-Seifen-Anstrichmittel ' '64, 465 (1962). ' It is surprising, and is hitherto unknown, that such small volumes of a formulation of this type can be 5 distributed over an area as large as that possessed, for example, by a bovine animal. This can be seen from the following biotest Examples. The following are suitable' active' 'compounds which can be employed for the preparation of the spray 10 formulations according to the invention: 3 ' -phenoxy-4'-fluoro-a-cyanobenzyl 2,2-dimethyl- 3-(2"-p-chlorophenyl-2"-chlorovinyl)-cyclopropane- carboxylate ("flumethrine"), 0-ethy1 O-(quinol-B-yl)-phenyl thiophosphate, 0,0-diethyl 0-(3-chloro-4-methyl-coumarin-7-yl) thiophosphate ("coumafos"), and 2-isopropoxyphenyl N-methylcarbamate ( "propoxur"). The following are suitable spreading oils: Silicone oils of various viscosities; Fatty acid esters, such as ethyl stearate, di-n-butyl adipate, hexyl laurate, dipropylene glycol pelargonate, esters of a branched fatty acid of medium chain length with saturated C^g-C^g-fatty alcohols, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic/caproic acid esters of saturated fatty alcohols of chain length, isopropyl stearate, oleyl oleate, decyl oleate, ethyl oleate, ethyl lactate, dibutyl phthalate, diisopropyl adipate and ester mixtures related to the latter; Triglycerides, such as caprylic/caproic acid triglyceride, mixtures of "triglycerides.'of vegetable fatty acids ' of - 5 - 201086 Cg-Ci2 chain length, mixtures of partial glycerides of saturated or unsaturated fatty acids which may also contain hydroxyl groups, and mono diglycerides of C0-C..-. fatty o X U acids; Fatty alcohols,.such as isotridecyl alcohol, 2-octyldo-decanol, cetyl stearyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol; and Fatty acids, such as oleic acid. The following are particularly suitable spreading oils: isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic/ caproic acid esters of saturated fatty alcohols of C^2~G18 chain length and silicone oils. Solvents suitable for the preparation of the spray formulations according to the invention are isopropanol,amylalcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, glycol ethers, butyl acetate and ethyl acetate. ; 20DEC 1*966 - 6 - 201 OSS Lower alcohols having up to 8 carbon atoms in the molecule, and lower ketones, such as methyl ethyl ketone, and ethers of ethylene glycol are particularly suitable. It is possible to employ one or more solvents in the preparation of the spray formulations according to the invention. Suitable further auxiliaries are: a) adhesion-promoters, for example carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose and other cellulose and starch derivatives, polyacrylates, alginates, gelatine, gum arabic, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic acid anhydride, polyethylene glycols, paraffins, oils, waxes and hydrogenated castor oil, colloidal silicic acid or mixtures of the substances listed b) as customary carriers in the solution or emulsion, surface-active agents (including emulsifiers and wetting agents), for example; (1). anionic surfactants, such as Na lauryl-sulphate, fatty alcohol ether sulphates, mono/ dialkyl polyglycol ether orthophosphoric acid ester monoethanolamine salt, (2) cationic surfactants, such as cetyltrimethy1-ammonium chloride, (3) ampholytic surfactants, such as di-Na N-l&uryl-B-iminodipropionate or lecithin, (4) non-ionic surfactant, for example polyoxyethy1-ated castor oil, polyoxyethylated sorbitan mono-oleate, sorbitan monostearate, ethyl alcohol, glycerol monostearate, polyoxyethylene stearate and alkylphenol polyglycol ether; c) stabilisers'to prevent chemical degradation which ✓ 201086' - 7 - occurs in the' case of some active, compounds, for example, antioxidants, such as tocopherols and butylhydroxyanisole. As indicated previously, the spray formulations according to the invention have the following composition: 5 a) ' Active' compound: 0.0001 to 90 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 10 parts by weight; b) ' Spreading oil: 10 to 80 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 70 part's by. weight; Solvent: 20 to 95 parts by weight, preferably 60 to 10 9° parts by weight; d) ' Further 'auxiliaries: 0 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0 to 10 parts by weight. The following are especially preferred spreading oils: isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic/ 15 caproic acid triglyceride, saturated triglycerides of natural fatty acids or silicone oils. The formulations according to the invention are prepared by dissolving, emulsifying or suspending the ectoparasiticidal substance, in particular the substance 25 which is active against ticks, in a suitable solvent or solvent mixture which is tolerated by the skin, adding spreading oils, and, if appropriate, adding the further auxiliaries. The above sequence of process steps is not 30 critical; it can be altered, or the constituents of the formulations according to the invention can also, if appropriate, be combined simultaneously, with continuous stirring. In the preparation, the individual constituents are added in the proportions given above. 35 The formulations according to the invention which T rr R 1 jjl ■■ 2 010 8 6 - 8 - are listed below were prepared as indicated above, and their activity was tested in. comparison with that of formulations which did not. contain any spreading oils. The superior action of the formulations according 5 to. the invention can be seen from the biotest Example below: Ex^iple_Jl: 'In' Vi'vo tick test on Boophilus microplus Composition 10 Plumethrine 100% strength 5-0 Isopropyl myristate 30.0 2-0ctyldodecanol 20.0 Isopropanol . ,28,..75 83.75 g = 100 ml 15 5 parts by weight of flumethrine were dissolved in the mixture of solvents and spreading agents, and the solution was diluted with isopropanol to the desired use con centrat i on. Cattle which had been infected repeatedly (12 20 infections at intervals of 2 days) with resistant tick larvae of the species Boophilus microplus, Biarra strain, were sprayed with 50 ml each of the active compound preparation thus obtained. The action of the active compound preparation was 25 measured by determining the number of adult female ticks which develop on the treated cattle. This number was compared with the number of adult female ticks which developed on untreated cattle. The more ac.tive was a preparation, the fewer female ticks developed after the treatment, 30 The number of adult females which, in treated and untreated animals, developed in the last 3 days before the time of treatment was used as a measure of the severity of the infection before the treatment. A 19 >l'l </div>

Claims

<div class="application article clearfix printTableText" id="claims"> Table Boophilus microplus (resistant Biarra strain) / all stages of development Number of ticks with fertile eggs Method of application Applied volumes litres Active compound concentration in % of active ingredient Corresponding active compound amount in mg/ animal Number of ticks with fertile eggs j Days before treatment | + 1-3 4-6 7-9 10-12 13-15 16-18 19-21 +1-21| conventional hand spray 10 0.001 100 l68l 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0« 10 0.0003 30 1822 0 0 1 3 1 0 3 8 10 0.0001 10 i860 2 25 75 10 2 0 0 110 10 0.00003 3 2433 19 593 325 113 82 26 68 1326 according to the invention, according to Example 1 0.05 0.01 5 1095 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 untreated control - 199^ 642 1354 1848 585 669 542 398 6088 time of treatment ZU-1U86 - 10 - WHAT WE CLAIM IS:

1. An ectoparasiticidal spray formulation characterised in that it contains A) 0.0001 to 90 parts by weight of the active compound(s) selected from — ' 3'-phenoxy-4'-fluoro-9l-cyanobenzyl 2,2-dimethyl-3-(2"-p-chlorophenyl-2"-chlorovinyl)-cyclopropane-carboxylate; 0-ethyl 0-(quinol-8-yl)-phenyl thiophosphate; 0,0-diethyl 0-(3-chloro-4-methyl-coumarin-7-yl) thiophosphate and 2-isopropoxyphenyl N-methylcarbamate B) 10 to 80 parts by weight of one or more spreading oils, having according to R. Keymer, Pharm. Ind. 32, 577 (1970) a surface tension to air less than 30 dyn/cm, C) 20 to 95 parts of weight of one or more solvents tolerated by the skin selected from isopropanol, amylalcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, glycol ethers, butyl acetate and ethyl lactate and D) 0 to 20 parts by weight of further auxilliaries selected from adhesion promoters, surface active agents, and stabilisers to prevent chemical degradation, and that it is sprayable in drop sizes of less than 50 p.

2. A formulation according to claim 1, characterised in that it is sprayable in drop sizes of less than 5 ja.

3. A formulation according to claim 1 or 2 in the form of fractions or multiples of an individual dose, with the proviso that the volumes of the individual dose are 5 to 300 ml per animal.

4. A formulation according to claim 3, characterised in that the volumes of the individual dose are 10 to 70 ml per animal.

5. A formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the active compound is 3'-phenoxy-4'- fluoro-^( -cyanobenzyl 2 , 2-dimethyl-3-(2"-p-chlorophenyl-2"-chlorovinyl)-cyclopropanecarboxylate. 201086 ii

6. A formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the active compound is O-ethyl 0-(quinol-8-yl)-phenyl thiophosphate.

7. A formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the active compound is 0,0-diethyl 0- (3-chloro-4-methyl-couir\arin-7-yl) thiophosphate.

8. A formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the active compound is 2-isopropoxy-phenyl N-methylcarbamate.

9. A formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that it contains 0.5 to 10 parts by weight of the active compound, 2 0 to 7 0 parts by weight of the spreading oil, 60 to 90 parts by weight of the solvent, and 0 to 10 parts by weight of the further auxiliaries.

10. A formulation according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the spreading oil is selected from isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, caprylic/caproic acid triglyceride, saturated triglycerides of natural fatty acids, or silicone oils.

11. A formulation according to claim 1, as hereinbefore specifically identified in Example A.

12. A method of freeing or protecting domesticated animals from ectoparasites which comprises applying to said animals a formulation according to any of claims 1 to 11. BAYER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT By Their Attorneys HENRY HUGHES LIMITED V 2QDEQ9, </div>