NO863515L - SHIP PROGRESS SYSTEM. - Google Patents

SHIP PROGRESS SYSTEM.

Info

Publication number
NO863515L
NO863515L NO863515A NO863515A NO863515L NO 863515 L NO863515 L NO 863515L NO 863515 A NO863515 A NO 863515A NO 863515 A NO863515 A NO 863515A NO 863515 L NO863515 L NO 863515L
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
propulsion
generator
engine
power
diesel engine
Prior art date
Application number
NO863515A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO863515D0 (en
Inventor
Heinrich Schmid
Original Assignee
Sulzer Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer Ag filed Critical Sulzer Ag
Publication of NO863515D0 publication Critical patent/NO863515D0/en
Publication of NO863515L publication Critical patent/NO863515L/en

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/20Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion units
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/02Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/027Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle four
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Description

Oppfinnelsen angår et fremdriftssystem for skip, især for et passasjerskip, hvor fremdriftssystemet omfatter minst en drivaksel med en innstillbar propell, som er direkte tilkoplet en langsomtløpende totakts dieselmotor som drifts-maskin, idet minst to dieselmotorer driver hver en generator for utvikling av den elektriske energi. The invention relates to a propulsion system for ships, in particular for a passenger ship, where the propulsion system comprises at least one drive shaft with an adjustable propeller, which is directly connected to a slow-running two-stroke diesel engine as operating machine, with at least two diesel engines each driving a generator for developing the electrical energy .

For passasjerskip, især for cruiseskip, ligger den krevede høyeste hastighet betydelig over den maksimalt nødven-dige reisehastighet. Denne topphastighet benyttes kun unntaks-vis, imidlertid må fremdriftssystemet dimensjoneres for topphastigheten, noe som medfører en overdimensjonering og derved en relativt dårlig utnyttelse av den installerte motoreffekt. For passenger ships, especially for cruise ships, the required highest speed is significantly above the maximum necessary travel speed. This top speed is only used in exceptional cases, however, the propulsion system must be dimensioned for the top speed, which entails an oversizing and thereby a relatively poor utilization of the installed engine power.

På den annen side stilles for fremstilling av den krevede elektriske energi betydlig større motoreffekt til rådighet enn nødvendig, idet den dermed krevede motoreffekt utelukkende utvikles av middels hurtige eller hurtigløpende hjelpemotorer. Den installerte overskytende effekt kan eksempelvis være 30 til 40%. On the other hand, significantly greater engine power than necessary is made available for the production of the required electrical energy, as the required engine power is thus exclusively developed by medium-speed or fast-running auxiliary motors. The installed excess power can be, for example, 30 to 40%.

Det er oppfinnelsens mål å forbedre utnyttelsen av den totalt installerte effekt på skipet i form av dieselmotorer. Denne oppgave løses ifølge oppfinnelsen ved at det mellom det elektriske nett ombord og hver fremdriftsdieselmotor er anordnet en elektrisk motor/generator som trekker effekt fra nettét og videregir den via fremdriftsdieselmotorens veivaksel til drivakselen, eller avgir overskytende fremdrif tseffekt til nettet. It is the aim of the invention to improve the utilization of the total installed power on the ship in the form of diesel engines. According to the invention, this task is solved in that an electric motor/generator is arranged between the on-board electrical network and each propulsion diesel engine which draws power from the network and passes it on via the propulsion diesel engine's crankshaft to the drive shaft, or emits excess propulsion power to the network.

På denne måte kan fremdriftsmotoren eller fremdriftsmotorene dimensjoneres slik at de, under hensyntagen til en sikkerhetsmargin, med eksempelvis 90% av den maksimale effekt, avgir kun den effekt som kreves for de vanligvis krevede maksimale reisehastigheter, altså en grunnbelastning for fremdriftseffekten , mens høyere hastigheter, hhv. fremdrif tsef f ekter trekkes fra den fortrinnsvis i serie med drivakselen og fremdriftsdieselmotoren anordnede motor/generator fra effektreserven i det elektriske nett ombord. In this way, the propulsion motor or propulsion motors can be dimensioned so that, taking into account a safety margin, with for example 90% of the maximum power, they emit only the power required for the usually required maximum travel speeds, i.e. a base load for the propulsion power, while higher speeds, respectively propulsion power is drawn from the engine/generator arranged preferably in series with the drive shaft and the propulsion diesel engine from the power reserve in the on-board electrical network.

For det vanligvis krevede hastighetsområde står såled-es et fremdriftssystem til rådighet med den direkte koplede totakts dieselmotor, som utmerker seg med et lavt brennstoff- forbruk, små vedlikeholdskostnader og bortfall av overførings-tamp. V For the usually required speed range, a propulsion system is thus available with the directly coupled two-stroke diesel engine, which is characterized by low fuel consumption, low maintenance costs and the elimination of transmission tamp. V

Ved bruk av en synkronmaskin som motor/generator, er det hensiktsmessig, etter at det synkrone turtall er oppnådd, å bevirke effektøkninger for fremdriftseffekten, dvs. for økede skipshastigheter utelukkende ved endring av de innstillbare propellvingers stigning. When using a synchronous machine as a motor/generator, it is appropriate, after the synchronous speed has been achieved, to cause power increases for the propulsion effect, i.e. for increased ship speeds exclusively by changing the pitch of the adjustable propeller blades.

Det kan være hensiktsmessig ved et bestemt effektoverskudd grunnet liten hastighet, å øke turtallet til motorens/ generatoren synkronturtall, uten å øke den effekt som står til rådighet for fremdriften, ved at de innstillbare propellvingers stigning endres. Fremdriftsmotorens forhåndenværende effektoverskudd ved synkronturtallet omsettes derved til elektrisk energi av motoren/generatoren og stilles til rådighet for det elektriske nett ombord. Generatorens/dieselmotor-enes effekt kan derved reduseres. Herved kan elektrisk energi utvikles av den økonomiske totakts dieselmotor. It may be appropriate in the event of a certain power surplus due to low speed, to increase the speed to the engine/generator's synchronous speed, without increasing the power available for propulsion, by changing the pitch of the adjustable propeller blades. The propulsion engine's existing power surplus at the synchronous speed is thereby converted into electrical energy by the engine/generator and made available to the on-board electrical network. The power of the generator/diesel engine can thereby be reduced. In this way, electrical energy can be developed by the economical two-stroke diesel engine.

Med dette formål er det mulig å kople en langsomtdrei-ende motor/generator direkte på fremdriftsmotoren veivaksel. Dersom dimensjonene for de elektriske maskiner som kreves For this purpose, it is possible to connect a slow-turning motor/generator directly to the propulsion motor's crankshaft. If the dimensions of the electrical machines required

i denne sammenheng, blir for omfangsrike, kan en reduksjonsveksel bygges inn mellom fremdriftsmotoren og motoren/generatoren. Det anordnes herved en elastisk kopling mellom vekselen og fremdriftsmotoren. in this context, become too bulky, a reduction gearbox can be built in between the propulsion motor and the motor/generator. An elastic coupling is thereby provided between the gearbox and the propulsion motor.

I det følgende beskrives oppfinnelsen eksempelvis under henvisning til tegningen hvor fig. 1 skjematisk viser det nye fremdriftssystem, fig. 2 viser et utsnitt av en vari-ant av fig. 1 og fig. 3 viser et diagram med den krevede f remdriftseffekt P som ordinat og til venstre skipets hastighet v og til høyre fremdriftsmotorens veivaksels n turtall som abscisse. In the following, the invention is described, for example, with reference to the drawing where fig. 1 schematically shows the new propulsion system, fig. 2 shows a section of a variant of fig. 1 and fig. 3 shows a diagram with the required propulsion power P as the ordinate and on the left the ship's speed v and on the right the speed of the propulsion engine's crankshaft n as the abscissa.

Det på fig. 1 viste fremdriftssystem har to drivakslerThat in fig. 1 shown propulsion system has two drive shafts

1, hver med en innstillbar propell 2 på enden. Fremdriftsaks1-ene 1 er hver koplet direkte med en fremdriftsdieselmotor 3 av typen en langsomt dreiende totaktsmotor. Selvfølgelig kan det isteden for to drivaksler 1 også benyttes kun en eller flere. 1, each with an adjustable propeller 2 on the end. The propulsion axles 1 are each connected directly to a propulsion diesel engine 3 of the type a slow-rotating two-stroke engine. Of course, instead of two drive shafts 1, only one or more can also be used.

For mating av det elektriske nett ombord som er symbo- lisert med en samleskinne 4, er anordnet fire, eller flere generatorer 5. Hver av disse generatorer 5 drives av en egen hjelpemotor 6 som består av en middels hurtig eller hurtigløp-ende firetaktsmotor. Den med disse motorer installerte effekt er så stor at behovet for elektrisk energi dekkes flere ganger, eksempelvis 1,25 til 1,5 ganger. Four or more generators 5 are arranged to feed the electrical network on board, which is symbolized by a busbar 4. Each of these generators 5 is driven by a separate auxiliary engine 6 which consists of a medium-speed or fast-running four-stroke engine. The power installed with these motors is so great that the need for electrical energy is covered several times, for example 1.25 to 1.5 times.

Ifølge oppfinnelsen er to motorer/generatorer 7 tilkoplet nettet 4 ombord, som på fig. 1 er forbundet med fremdrif tsdieselmotoren 3 via en reduksjonsveksel 8, og på fig. 2 direkte, idet på fig. 1 en elastisk kopling 10 muliggjør en mekanisk adskillelse av motoren/generatoren 7 fra veivakselen. Som ovenfor nevnt er fremdriftsmotorene 3 slik dimensjonert at de med 90% av deres maksimale effekt sikrer opprett-holdelse av den maksimalt nødvendige reisehastighet. According to the invention, two motors/generators 7 are connected to the network 4 on board, as in fig. 1 is connected to the propulsion diesel engine 3 via a reduction gear 8, and in fig. 2 directly, as in fig. 1, an elastic coupling 10 enables a mechanical separation of the engine/generator 7 from the crankshaft. As mentioned above, the propulsion motors 3 are so dimensioned that with 90% of their maximum power they ensure maintenance of the maximum required travel speed.

Denne effekt tilsvarer punktet 11 i det venstre diagram på fig. 3. På denne måte kan skipets hastighetsområde A dekkes alene av fremdriftsmotorene, idet det fordelaktig kan oppnås effekttilpasninger eksempelvis ved turtallendring-er. This effect corresponds to point 11 in the left diagram in fig. 3. In this way, the ship's speed range A can be covered by the propulsion engines alone, as power adaptations can advantageously be achieved, for example by rev changes.

Effektbehovet mellom punktene 11 og 12 i venstre del av fig. 3 for hastighetsområdet B kan ikke dekkes av fremdriftsmotorene 3 alene. Ifølge oppfinnelsen koples i dette område motorene/generatorene 7 som motorer i tillegg til veivakselen 9. The power requirement between points 11 and 12 in the left part of fig. 3 for the speed range B cannot be covered by the propulsion motors 3 alone. According to the invention, in this area the motors/generators 7 are connected as motors in addition to the crankshaft 9.

Slik høyre del av fig. 3 viser, er fremdriftseffekten i punkt 11 tilordnet et turtall for veivakslen (punkt 13) som stemmer overens (fig. 2), hhv. korresponderer (fig. 1) med motorens/generatorens synkronturtall n^. Thus the right part of fig. 3 shows, the propulsion effect in point 11 is assigned to a rotational speed for the crankshaft (point 13) which agrees (fig. 2), respectively. corresponds (Fig. 1) to the motor/generator's synchronous speed n^.

Den som sådan konvensjonelle turtallregulering av fremdriftsmotorene 3 er nå slik utformet at dette synkronturtall også beholdes konstant ved ytterligere effektstigning og en stigning av den krevede effekt oppnås ved endring av de innstillbare propellers vingers 2 stigning, på kjent måte. På denne måte oppnås i punkt 14 den nødvendige effekt for maksimale skipshastigheter 12, idet effektbehovet C frembring-es av de elektriske motorer/generatorer 7, hhv. fra nettet 4 ombord. As such, the conventional speed regulation of the propulsion motors 3 is now designed in such a way that this synchronous speed is also kept constant in case of a further power increase and an increase in the required power is achieved by changing the pitch of the adjustable propeller blades 2, in a known manner. In this way, the required power for maximum ship speeds 12 is achieved in point 14, the power requirement C being produced by the electric motors/generators 7, respectively. from network 4 on board.

Som allerede nevnt som kan man ved betydelige virk- ningsgradforskjeller mellom de benyttede totakts- og fire-taktsmotorer 3, hhv. 6, ved lave skipshastigheter, eksempelvis i punkt 15, hhv. 16 i diagrammet på fig. 3, gå over fra den turtallavhengige effektregulering til regulering av propell-vingene og samtidig øke turtallet fra verdien n^ til verdien n,,. Den derved foreliggende ef f ektreserve fra f remdrif tsmotor-ene 3 i området D, mates fra motorene/generatorene 7 inn i det elektriske nett 4 ombord som elektrisk energi. As already mentioned, if there are significant efficiency differences between the two-stroke and four-stroke engines used 3, resp. 6, at low ship speeds, for example in point 15, respectively 16 in the diagram in fig. 3, switch from the rpm-dependent power regulation to regulation of the propeller blades and at the same time increase the rpm from the value n^ to the value n,,. The resulting power reserve from the propulsion engines 3 in area D is fed from the engines/generators 7 into the electrical network 4 on board as electrical energy.

Claims (6)

1. Fremdrif tssystem for skip, især for et passasjerskip, hvor fremdriftssystemet omfatter minst en drivaksel med en innstillbar propell, hvor drivakselen er direkte koplet til en langsomtløpende totaktsdieselmotor som fremdriftsma-skin, idet minst to h jelpedieselmotorer som hver driver en generator er anordnet for utvikling av den elektriske energi, KARAKTERISERT VED at en elektrisk motor/generator (7) er anordnet mellom skipets elektriske nett (4) og hver fremdrif tsdieselmotor (3) som trekker effekt fra skipets nett (4) og videregir effekten til drivakselen (1) via fremdriftsdieselmotorens (3) veivaksel (9), eller avgir den overskytende fremdriftseffekt til skipets nett (4).1. Propulsion system for ships, especially for a passenger ship, where the propulsion system comprises at least one drive shaft with an adjustable propeller, where the drive shaft is directly connected to a slow-running two-stroke diesel engine as a propulsion machine, with at least two auxiliary diesel engines each driving a generator arranged for development of the electrical energy, CHARACTERIZED BY the fact that an electric motor/generator (7) is arranged between the ship's electrical network (4) and each propulsion diesel engine (3) which draws power from the ship's network (4) and transmits the power to the drive shaft (1) via the propulsion diesel engine's (3) crankshaft (9), or transmits the excess propulsion power to the ship's network (4). 2. Fremdriftssystem ifølge krav 1, KARAKTERISERT VED at en reduksjonsveksel (8) er anordnet mellom fremdriftsdieselmotoren (3) og motoren/generatoren (7).2. Propulsion system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT a reduction gear (8) is arranged between the propulsion diesel engine (3) and the engine/generator (7). 3. Fremdriftssystem ifølge krav 2, KARAKTERISERT VED at en sjaltekopling (10) er anordnet mellom fremdriftsdieselmotoren (3) og motoren/generatoren (7).3. Propulsion system according to claim 2, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT a switching coupling (10) is arranged between the propulsion diesel engine (3) and the engine/generator (7). 4. Fremdriftssystem ifølge krav 1, KARAKTERISERT VED at motoren/generatoren (7) og fremdriftsdieselmotoren (3) i relasjon til den tilhørende drivaksel (1), er anordnet i serie.4. Propulsion system according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the engine/generator (7) and the propulsion diesel engine (3) in relation to the associated drive shaft (1) are arranged in series. 5. Fremdriftssystem ifølge krav 1-4, KARAKTERISERT VED at motoren/generatoren (7) er en synkronmaskin.5. Propulsion system according to claims 1-4, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the motor/generator (7) is a synchronous machine. 6. Fremdriftssystem ifølge krav 1-5, KARAKTERISERT VED at en effektendring gjennomføres ved hjelp av innstilling av de innstillbare propellers (2) vinger etter at motorens/ generatorens (7) synkronturtall (n< ,) er oppnådd.6. Propulsion system according to claims 1-5, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT a power change is carried out by means of setting the adjustable propeller (2) blades after the engine/generator (7) synchronous speed (n< ,) has been achieved.
NO863515A 1985-09-03 1986-09-02 SHIP PROGRESS SYSTEM. NO863515L (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3778/85A CH667627A5 (en) 1985-09-03 1985-09-03 SHIP DRIVE.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO863515D0 NO863515D0 (en) 1986-09-02
NO863515L true NO863515L (en) 1987-03-04

Family

ID=4263285

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO863515A NO863515L (en) 1985-09-03 1986-09-02 SHIP PROGRESS SYSTEM.

Country Status (10)

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EP (1) EP0217049B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6255294A (en)
KR (1) KR940001623B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1005477B (en)
CA (1) CA1266205A (en)
CH (1) CH667627A5 (en)
DE (2) DE3531990A1 (en)
DK (1) DK161629C (en)
FI (1) FI86395C (en)
NO (1) NO863515L (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN86104882A (en) 1987-03-04
FI862905A0 (en) 1986-07-10
DK311686A (en) 1987-03-04
DK311686D0 (en) 1986-06-30
EP0217049B1 (en) 1989-01-18
EP0217049A2 (en) 1987-04-08
FI86395B (en) 1992-05-15
FI86395C (en) 1992-08-25
CA1266205A (en) 1990-02-27
DE3531990A1 (en) 1987-03-12
DK161629B (en) 1991-07-29
NO863515D0 (en) 1986-09-02
DK161629C (en) 1996-06-24
FI862905A (en) 1987-03-04
KR870002983A (en) 1987-04-14
EP0217049A3 (en) 1987-09-02
KR940001623B1 (en) 1994-02-28
DE3661812D1 (en) 1989-02-23
CN1005477B (en) 1989-10-18
JPS6255294A (en) 1987-03-10
CH667627A5 (en) 1988-10-31

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