NO823880L - PROCEDURES FOR CULTIVATION, ESPECIALLY OF FOREST PLANTS. - Google Patents
PROCEDURES FOR CULTIVATION, ESPECIALLY OF FOREST PLANTS.Info
- Publication number
- NO823880L NO823880L NO823880A NO823880A NO823880L NO 823880 L NO823880 L NO 823880L NO 823880 A NO823880 A NO 823880A NO 823880 A NO823880 A NO 823880A NO 823880 L NO823880 L NO 823880L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- cultivation
- plants
- planting
- substrate
- soil
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/50—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor contained within a flexible envelope
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Hydroponics (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte vedThe present invention relates to a method by
dyrking og utplanting, særlig av skogsplanter, under utnyttelse av torv eller lignende som dyrkingssubstrat. cultivation and planting, especially of forest plants, using peat or similar as a cultivation substrate.
Formålet med oppfinnelsen har vært å komme frem til en fremgangsmåte ved dyrking og utplanting, som muliggjør industriell fremstilling i stor skala av planter, særiig The purpose of the invention has been to come up with a method for cultivation and planting, which enables industrial production on a large scale of plants, especially
på grunn av høyt mekaniseringspotensial i planteskolen under opprettholdelse av gode biologiske forhold, og due to high mechanization potential in the nursery while maintaining good biological conditions, and
som gir gode forutsetninger for mekanisert og dermed tilfredsstillende økonomisk lønnsom utplanting. Videre oppnås også ytterligere fordeler, slik det vil fremgå which provides good conditions for mechanized and thus satisfactory, economically profitable cultivation. Furthermore, further advantages are also obtained, as will be seen
av det følgende.of the following.
For det angitte formål foreslås i henhold til oppfinnelsen at dyrkingen og utplantingen skal utføres slik at man først under regulerte forhold dyrker planter av dekkrotstype, hvor dyrkingssubstratet fra begynnelsen er forsynt med en jordavdunstingsbeskyttelse, idet dyrkingen av plantene gjennomføres på sådan måte at det i det minste på dyrkingssubstratets underside oppnås et stort antall nedover- eller utoverrettede aktive rotspisser, hvorpå plantene utplanteres ved overflate- eller grunnplanting, For the stated purpose, according to the invention, it is proposed that the cultivation and planting should be carried out so that plants of the taproot type are first cultivated under regulated conditions, where the cultivation substrate is provided from the beginning with a soil evaporation protection, the cultivation of the plants being carried out in such a way that at least on the underside of the growing substrate, a large number of downward or outward-directed active root tips are obtained, on which the plants are transplanted by surface or foundation planting,
og jordavdunstingsbeskyttelsen etterlates på plantene under utplantingen. and the soil evaporation protection is left on the plants during planting.
Med det ovenfor angitte uttrykk "regulerte forhold",With the above term "regulated conditions",
menes at det i et hvert tilfelle opprettholdes gunstigst mulige forhold for groing, plantespiring og tilvekst med hensyn på f.eks. dyrkingssubstratets fuktighetsgrad, temperatur, gjødsling, omgivelsestemperatur etc. means that in each case the most favorable possible conditions for growth, plant germination and growth are maintained with regard to e.g. the growing substrate's moisture level, temperature, fertilization, ambient temperature, etc.
Med uttrykket "dekkrotstype" menes planter hvis røtterThe term "cover root type" refers to plants whose roots
har en rotklump av dyrkingssubstratet.has a root ball of the growing substrate.
Med uttrykket "jordavdunstingsbeskyttelse" menes en beskyttelse som forhindrer eller i det minste i vesentlig grad nedsetter væskeavdunstingen fra jordoverflaten på det sted hvor utplantering av planten har funnet sted, således at det på plantens .underside ep et nedoverrettet konisk utvidende legeme, hvori den midlere fuktighet er høyere enn i det omgivende markområde. Dette inne-bærer således en forskjell fra de avdunstingsbeskyttelser som tidligere har vært påført kjente frøplanter og som bare har hatt til formål å redusere avdunstingen av væske som er absorbert i frøplanten hovedsakelig nedenfra, The term "soil evaporation protection" means a protection which prevents or at least significantly reduces the evaporation of liquid from the soil surface at the place where the plant has been planted, so that on the underside of the plant there is a downwardly-directed conical expanding body, in which the medium moisture is higher than in the surrounding field area. This thus entails a difference from the evaporation protections that have previously been applied to known seedlings and which have only had the purpose of reducing the evaporation of liquid that is absorbed in the seedling mainly from below,
for derved å holde fuktigheten på et-sådant nivå at frøplantens frø har vært i stand til å spire. thereby keeping the humidity at such a level that the seedling's seeds have been able to germinate.
Med uttrykket "plantenes dyrking gjennomføres påWith the expression "the cultivation of the plants is carried out on
sådan måte" menes en sådan dyrking at dannelse av tall-rike aktive rotspisser med ønsket hovedretning oppnås. Dette kan fortrinnsvis finne sted ved såkalt rotbeskjæring, som kan oppnås ved såkalt dyrking på luftspalt, ved mekanisk rotbeskjæring eller ved kjemisk rotbeskjæring. such a way" means such cultivation that the formation of numerous active root tips with the desired main direction is achieved. This can preferably take place by so-called root pruning, which can be achieved by so-called cultivation in an air gap, by mechanical root pruning or by chemical root pruning.
Med uttrykket "overflateplanting" menes at planteneThe term "surface planting" means that the plants
uten nedgravning, hulluttak e.l. legges ut direkte på bakken, samt i størst mulig grad i kontakt med et fuk-tighetsledende underlag, hvilket normalt oppnås ved jordbearbeiding, hvis dette er nødvendig. without burial, hole extraction etc. laid out directly on the ground, and to the greatest extent possible in contact with a moisture-conducting substrate, which is normally achieved by tillage, if this is necessary.
Med uttrykket "grunnplanting" menes hovedsakelig samme utplanteringsmetode som angitt ved "overflateplanting", idet man imidlertid etter plantenes utplanting sørger for å legge jord, sand. e.l. på og omkring rotklumpen, således at denne omsluttes og tildekkes i det minste delvis og derved stabiliseres samtidig som det oppnås at den jordavdunstingshindrende flate økes. Dette sist-nevnte forhold kan i visse tilfeller også sikres ytterligere ved at den opplagte jord, sand eller lignende påføres et overflatesjikt av et stoff som hindrer eller reduserer fuktighetsinntrengningen, eller ved at man blander inn et sådant stoff i jorden, sanden e.l. The term "ground planting" mainly means the same method of planting as indicated by "surface planting", although after the plants are planted, care is taken to lay soil and sand. etc. on and around the root ball, so that it is enclosed and covered at least partially and is thereby stabilized at the same time as it is achieved that the surface preventing soil evaporation is increased. In certain cases, this last-mentioned condition can also be further ensured by applying a surface layer of a substance that prevents or reduces moisture penetration to the laid soil, sand or the like, or by mixing such a substance into the soil, sand, etc.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen anvendes som jordavdunstingsbeskyttelse hensiktsmessig et hylster som er åpent i retning nedover, og hvori dyrkingssubstratet fuktes slik at spiringen kan innledes. In accordance with the invention, a casing which is open downwards, and in which the growing substrate is moistened so that germination can be initiated, is suitably used as soil evaporation protection.
Videre er det i henhold til oppfinnelsen hensiktsmessigFurthermore, according to the invention, it is appropriate
å anvendes som jordavdunstingsbeskyttelse et hylster av et material som en tid etter utplanteringen sprekker opp eller på naturlig måte kan nedbrytes i naturen, to use as soil evaporation protection a casing made of a material that bursts open some time after planting or can naturally break down in nature,
således at det ikke finner sted strangulering.so that strangulation does not take place.
Oppfinnelsen vil nå bli nærmere forklart under henvisning til den vedføyde tegning som i gjennomskjæring og sterkt forenklet viser en dyrkingsenhet som hviler på et nett-eller gitterformet underlag. The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the attached drawing which, in cross-section and greatly simplified, shows a cultivation unit resting on a net or grid-shaped substrate.
Dyrkingsenheten består av et dyrkingssubstrat i form avThe cultivation unit consists of a cultivation substrate in the form of
et utvidet torvlegeme 10 som er innelukket i et væske-an expanded peat body 10 which is enclosed in a liquid
tett hylster 11 av tynt plastmaterial e.l. Hylstret 11tight sleeve 11 of thin plastic material or the like Holster 11
har på oversiden en liten åpning 12 samt på undersiden en noe større åpning 13. Dyrkingsenheten hviler på et nett- eller gitterformet underlag 14, som i sin tur understøttes av en passende ramme, slik som antydet ved listene 15, 16. has on the upper side a small opening 12 and on the lower side a somewhat larger opening 13. The cultivation unit rests on a net or grid-shaped base 14, which in turn is supported by a suitable frame, as indicated by the lists 15, 16.
Torvlegemet 10 utgjøres til å begynne med av en forholds-vis tynn plate av komprimert torv, som forsynes med ett. eller flere frø som hensiktsmessig legges ned i en liten forsenkning på platens overside. Deretter påføres torv-platen hylstret 11. Et antall dyrkingsenheter av denne art plasseres deretter på underlaget 14 og gjennomfuktes, således at torven utvides kraftig. The peat body 10 initially consists of a relatively thin plate of compressed peat, which is supplied with a. or several seeds which are suitably placed in a small recess on the top of the plate. The peat sheet is then applied to the sleeve 11. A number of cultivation units of this type are then placed on the substrate 14 and moistened, so that the peat expands strongly.
Etter en viss tid vil frøet eller frøene spire og en plante-utvikling finner sted,; hvorpå dyrkingsenheten etterlates liggende på underlaget 14 under plantens vekst. Ved den fortsatte plantevekst oppnås et rikt forgrenet rot-system. Når de nedoverrettede rottråder kommer ut gjennom hylstrets nedre åpning 13, vil de nemlig stanse sin tilvekst, da de Likke kan vokse i luft, og nye rottråder vil følgelig istedet .forgrene seg i dyrkingssubstratet. Når planten er vel utviklet i dyrkingsenheten vil det derfor innenfor området av åpningen 13 foreligge et meget stort antall rottrådender, som umiddel-. bart er beredt på å trenge inn i den underliggende mineraljord når planten settes ut i en jordberednings-flekk. After a certain time the seed or seeds will germinate and plant development takes place; whereupon the cultivation unit is left lying on the substrate 14 during the plant's growth. With continued plant growth, a richly branched root system is achieved. When the downward-directed root threads come out through the casing's lower opening 13, they will stop their growth, as de Likke can grow in air, and new root threads will consequently instead branch out in the cultivation substrate. When the plant is well developed in the cultivation unit, there will therefore be a very large number of root thread ends within the area of the opening 13, which immediately -. bart is prepared to penetrate the underlying mineral soil when the plant is set out in a soil preparation patch.
Ved valg av det anvendte material i hylstret, f.eks. et plastmaterial, kan varmeabsorpsjonen i platen reguleres i samsvar med de foreliggende klimaforhold. Innenfor hele det aktuelle bølgelengdeområde kan strålingen selektivt styres til en intensitet som er optimal for plantene. Utstrålingen i den koldere del av døgnet kan på samme måte påvirkes i positiv retning. Dyrkingsenheten utgjør således et veksthus i miniatyr, og som følger planten i gjennom planteskolen samt under transporten og ut på When choosing the material used in the casing, e.g. a plastic material, the heat absorption in the plate can be regulated in accordance with the current climate conditions. Within the entire relevant wavelength range, the radiation can be selectively controlled to an intensity that is optimal for the plants. The radiation in the colder part of the day can be affected in the same way in a positive direction. The cultivation unit thus constitutes a greenhouse in miniature, and which follows the plant through the nursery as well as during transport and out onto
den endelige vokseplass. Denne positive virkning bi-beholdes til planten har vokst og blitt så stor at den selv overskygger dyrkingsenheten. the final growing place. This positive effect is maintained until the plant has grown and become so large that it even overshadows the cultivation unit.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7609926A SE7609926L (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1976-09-08 | CULTIVATION PROCEDURE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO823880L true NO823880L (en) | 1978-03-09 |
Family
ID=20328833
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO773089A NO773089L (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1977-09-07 | PROCEDURES FOR CULTIVATION, ESPECIALLY OF FOREST PLANTS |
| NO823880A NO823880L (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1982-11-19 | PROCEDURES FOR CULTIVATION, ESPECIALLY OF FOREST PLANTS. |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO773089A NO773089L (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1977-09-07 | PROCEDURES FOR CULTIVATION, ESPECIALLY OF FOREST PLANTS |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5354549A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1076804A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2740511A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK397577A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI772648A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2363982A1 (en) |
| NO (2) | NO773089L (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7609926L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE7713240L (en) * | 1977-11-23 | 1979-05-24 | Heinstedt David | KIT AND DEVICE FOR CULTIVATION |
| IE48541B1 (en) * | 1978-08-28 | 1985-02-20 | Ingerstedt Sven Ake | Method of growing plants |
| CA2643563C (en) * | 2008-10-31 | 2015-01-06 | David K. Larsen | Seed and plant growth medium module |
-
1976
- 1976-09-08 SE SE7609926A patent/SE7609926L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1977
- 1977-09-06 FI FI772648A patent/FI772648A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-09-07 CA CA286,226A patent/CA1076804A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-09-07 NO NO773089A patent/NO773089L/en unknown
- 1977-09-07 FR FR7727092A patent/FR2363982A1/en active Granted
- 1977-09-07 DK DK397577A patent/DK397577A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-09-08 JP JP10833277A patent/JPS5354549A/en active Pending
- 1977-09-08 DE DE19772740511 patent/DE2740511A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1982
- 1982-11-19 NO NO823880A patent/NO823880L/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO773089L (en) | 1978-03-09 |
| FR2363982A1 (en) | 1978-04-07 |
| SE7609926L (en) | 1978-03-09 |
| DE2740511A1 (en) | 1978-03-09 |
| FI772648A (en) | 1978-03-09 |
| DK397577A (en) | 1978-03-09 |
| FR2363982B3 (en) | 1980-07-04 |
| JPS5354549A (en) | 1978-05-18 |
| CA1076804A (en) | 1980-05-06 |
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