NO800371L - FOAM COMPOSITION PLATE. - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The use of 2 to 30 cm thick boards which consist of a rigid foam having a density of from 10 to 100 g/l, and are provided on at least one side with two sets of parallel incisions, and wherein the width of the incisions is from 0 to 1 mm and the depth thereof is greater than half the board thickness ; the distances between the incisions are from 3 to 30 cm ; and the two sets of incisions cross one another at an angle of from 75 to 90 degrees, for insulating the façades of buildings by fastening the boards to the façade and then applying a firmly adhering layer of finish to the outer face of the boards which is provided with incisions.

Description

This invention relates to a molded part of hard foam plastic or foam material (hereinafter referred to as foam plastic) which is provided with two groups of parallel running incisions.

Hard foam plasters, e.g. on the basis of particle foam of polystyrene, is used to a large extent to insulate buildings and building components against cold and heat. When insulating the surface

, roof against climate influences, roofing sheets are glued to the foam plastic sheets. In the case of facade insulation, the panels are provided with an adhesive covering plaster. As a result of shrinkage, e.g. thermal contraction, tensile forces occur in the rigid foam plastic sheets when these cannot be deformed in the sheet's plane in both main directions. These powers are transferred to the parties that are firmly connected

with the plate surface and leads to stresses that concentrate over the butt joints between the plates.

These stresses are superimposed with the stresses caused by temperature stress and shrinkage in the tire layer itself. When the total stress becomes greater than the tire layer's tensile strength, this will crack.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the forces which, through the foam plastic sheets, act on the joints as a whole and in particular on the cover layer and which are therefore due to contraction and thermal length changes, without. that the plates' other properties.; per and especially the thermal insulation ability and the compressive stiffness perpendicular • j.7 to the plate's plane are affected unfavorably. : According to the invention, this task is solved by the plate i. on at least one side being provided with two groups of parallel running incisions that extend perpendicular to the plate plane, where the incision depth is greater than half the plate thickness, the distance between the incisions is between 3 and 30 cm, and where the two groups of incisions run perpendicularly or at an angle equal to or greater than 75° to each other.

In German DE-OS 27 08 164 a roll-up thermal insulation ba-

ne described, which consists of an insulating layer of foam plastic with transversely running incisions and which is glued to a cover strip.

When such a lane is used for insulation of flat roofs, acts

although there are no tensile forces perpendicular to the cut plane, but they still occur in a direction parallel to the cut direction and can lead to the formation of cracks over the longitudinal butt edges of the tire layers.

With the plates according to the invention, however, they are drastically reduced in all directions of the plate plane. forces which are due to the plate's expansion or contraction are reduced, :>so that cracks in the cover layers and the slip-resistant coverings lying above the butt joints are avoided.

The foam board's stiffness and firmness perpendicular to the plane of the board are not changed by the cut pattern, so that e.g. the board's ability to withstand foot traffic is not affected. Furthermore, the storage time required for the foam plastic sheets can be reduced to some , ■ . few days or may disappear completely.

Hard foam plasters that are preferred are plasters based on polystyrene, particularly hard-to-ignite polystyrene particle foam. Furthermore, extruded polystyrene foam, polyvinyl chloride foam and hard

polyurethane foam also suitable material and further duroplastic foam on the basis of condensation products of . urea substance, melamine or phenol with formaldehyde. The foam plastic weight is between 10 and

3' 3

100 g per dm, preferably between 10 and 50 g per DM The plate's thickness can be between 2 and 30 and preferably between 3 and 20 cm. The plates are preferably provided with cross-sectional gridding only on one side, namely on the side which in the built-in state is connected to the cover layer. For achieving special effects

however, it may also be appropriate to provide both sides of the plate with notches. The incisions progress appropriately,

perpendicular to the plane of the plate, but oblique cuts, e.g. with an angle of up to 75° on the plane of the plate is not excluded. The distance between the individual incisions is from 3 to 30 cm, preferably 5 to 20 cm, and the depth of the incisions is greater than half the plate thickness. The width of the incisions will depend on the tool and can

lie between 0 and 3 mm, preferably between 0 and 1 mm. In the case of wider slits (incisions), the panels' insulating ability is affected and can lead to the formation of thermal bridges.

The two section groups preferably run perpendicular to

each other, but they can also form an angle of 75° or more.

The incisions in the plate can be produced in different ways.

A saw, cutting ring, rotary knife, filament wire, oscillating wire, etc. can be used as tools. Plates with incisions can also be produced directly during forming, as the forms are supplied with built-in, thin-walled tin plates.

Plate-shaped molded parts in accordance with the invention can, like normal insulating materials, be covered on one or both sides with other materials and can be folded along the edges. Tensile but easily bendable materials are used as cover material, such as fleece, textile fabric, glass fiber fabric, metal foils, plastic foils, bitumen-based sealing strips, such as roofing felt, etc. When covering .

on one side and appropriate depth of cut, the form parts can be rolled,

up as lanes. The cover serves depending on which material is used as tensile reinforcement and/or as a vapor barrier and/or seal against drafts or water. With double-sided coverage, double-sided reinforcement is achieved with the same additional functions as with single-sided coverage.

The shaped parts according to the invention can be provided with rigid cover layers on one or both sides. As such cover layers can e.g. plasterboard boards, asbestos cement, plastic boards or plywood boards and reinforced plaster are used. In the case of single-sided coated plates

• the stiffness is determined exclusively by the tire layer.

The two main areas of use for the foam board according to the invention

is the insulation of flat roofs and building facades. Two preferred embodiments shall be described below by way of example.

1. Flat roof insulation.

The build-up takes place as for a normal warm roof according to the regulations

tene.

On a load-bearing concrete deck that is provided with a bitumen primer, a bitumenized aluminum foil is first glued on as a vapor barrier. All gluing operations and joints during construction of the roof are carried out with hot bitumen). On the vapor barrier, a bitumen roofing membrane made of perforated glass fiber is placed as a leveling layer. The foam-plastic insulation layer according to the invention is then glued on. This is covered on the upper side with a layer of glass f Jo rb in the tunnels r t roof membrane V. 11

(DIN 52 143) and covered with a 2 cm thick, 1 m wide and 7.5 m long plate track of hard-to-ignite polystyrene foam with a weight of

20g per dm 3. The foam plastic track is provided with two groups of incisions that run perpendicular to each other and at a distance of 10 cm from each other. The incisions that run perpendicular to the plate path

lengthwise, are 10.5 cm deep and the incisions in the second group are 8 cm deep. As the incisions perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the web are relatively deep, the web can be rolled up, so that transport and laying fall easily. Placed on the insulation layer

finally a layer of fiberglass bitumen roofing membrane V 13 (according to DIN 52 143) and then a bitumen roofing membrane with glass fiber mesh.

(200 g/m 2 ) and which is sprinkled with coarse sand on the upper side.

Such flat roof insulation is practically free from stresses caused by the foam plastic and compared to. ordinary warm roof insulation is subjected to significantly weaker tensile and tearing stresses.

.2. External facade insulation.

On a 24 cm thick wall of lime sandstone, a thermal insulation layer according to the invention is glued using ordinary building glue of a resin dispersion with cement addition. The insulation layer consists of 8 cm thick, 50 cm wide and 100 cm long sheets of hard-to-ignite polystyrene foam with a volume weight of 15 g per dm 3. The plates are provided with two groups of 6 cm deep incisions with a distance of 10 cm (as shown in the drawing). Primer with a thickness of 5 mm is applied to the insulation layer with an embedded mesh of glass fibers as reinforcement. After the base plaster has hardened, cover plaster is applied on a synthetic resin basis and with a thickness of 3 mm.

An outer facade insulation is achieved which, unlike previously known insulations based on untreated foam plastic sheets, is not burdened with stress concentrations across the butt joints between the sheets, so that the risk of cracking in the cover layers is largely avoided.

Claims (3)

1. Plate-shaped mold part of hard foam plastic with a volume weight of 10 to 100 g per dm^ with a thickness from 2 to 30 cm, characterized in that the plate is provided on at least one side with two groups of parallel running incisions that extend perpendicular to the plane of the plate, where the thickness of the incisions is greater than half the plate thickness, the distance between the incisions is between 3 and 30 cm and the two groups of incisions run perpendicularly or at an angle of 75° or more to each other. 2. Molded part according to claim 1, characterized in that one or both surfaces of the plate are covered with easily bendable tensile material. 3. Form part according to claim 1, characterized in that one or both surfaces of the plate's main surfaces are connected ; with a rigid cover layer.