NO782958L - COUPLING DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC OPERATION OF PROPELLES IN SUBMERSHIP VESSELS - Google Patents

COUPLING DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC OPERATION OF PROPELLES IN SUBMERSHIP VESSELS

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Publication number
NO782958L
NO782958L NO782958A NO782958A NO782958L NO 782958 L NO782958 L NO 782958L NO 782958 A NO782958 A NO 782958A NO 782958 A NO782958 A NO 782958A NO 782958 L NO782958 L NO 782958L
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
direct current
current
rotor
stl2
regulator
Prior art date
Application number
NO782958A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
Wolfgang Runge
Original Assignee
Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie filed Critical Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
Publication of NO782958L publication Critical patent/NO782958L/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L15/00Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles
    • B60L15/02Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit
    • B60L15/04Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit using dc
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/22Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/24Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with non-mechanical gearing electric
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P7/00Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors
    • H02P7/06Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current
    • H02P7/18Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power
    • H02P7/24Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/28Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • H02P7/298Arrangements for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric DC motors for regulating or controlling an individual dc dynamo-electric motor by varying field or armature current by master control with auxiliary power using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices controlling armature and field supplies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/142Emission reduction of noise acoustic
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Koplingsanordning for elektrisk drift av propell i undervanns-fartøy. Coupling device for electrical operation of propellers in underwater vessels.

Oppfinnelsen angår en koplingsanordning for elektrisk drift av propell i undervannsfartøy med minst én likestrøm-motor som mates fra et i grupper oppdelt akkumulatorbatteri, hvilke grupper i et første driftstrinn via elektriske ventiler parallelkoples og i et videre driftstrinn seriekoples og i ■ serie med motorens rotorvikling koples minst en .styrbar halvlederventil. The invention relates to a coupling device for electrical operation of a propeller in an underwater vessel with at least one direct current motor that is fed from an accumulator battery divided into groups, which groups are connected in parallel in a first operating stage via electric valves and in a further operating stage are connected in series and in ■ series with the rotor winding of the motor at least one .controllable semiconductor valve.

En slik anordning er kjent fra DOS 1.763.6^)0. Ved undervannsfartøy er det livsviktig at støynivået for alle drivelementer såvel som koplings- og reguleringsinnretninger er lavest mulig for å vanskeliggjøre peiling av fartøyet. Such a device is known from DOS 1.763.6^)0. In the case of underwater vessels, it is vital that the noise level for all drive elements as well as coupling and regulation devices is as low as possible in order to make it difficult to find the vessel.

Ved den ovenfor nevnte anordning er det.tre batterigrupper som via dioder parallelkoples og via en tyristor mater to mekanisk med hverandre koplede likestrømmotorer. Videre er det anordnet forbindelsesledninger som hver inneholder en tyristor som forbinder den negative pol i den første batterigruppe med den positive pol i den andre batterigruppe resp. den negative i den andre batterigruppe med den positive pol i den tredje batterigruppe. Ved tenning av disse tyristorer skjer det en seriekopling av de tre batterier slik at den til rådighet stående spenning tredobles. *' Ved de nevnte sperre-dioder er parallelforbindelsen av de tre batterier sperret. Ved utkopling av disse seriekoplingsforbindelser er det mellom batterisamleskinne-ne og rotorstrømkretsen for begge motorer anordnet en ytterligere tyristor som er parallelkoplet med en seriekopling av nok en tyristor og en kondensator og hvis tenning kan bryte strømmen i den første tyristor. ;For start av begge motorer er det i serie med rotorviklingen anordnet en startmotstand som er shuntet med en ytterligere tyristor. Ved start er startmotstanden virksom og de tre batterigrupper er parallelkoplet. Etter at et bestemt omdreiningstall er nådd, tennes den med startmotstanden parallelkoplede tyristor slik at startmotstanden shuntes. Hvis et høyere omdreiningstall' er ønskelig, tredobles batteri - spenningen ved at den mellom batterisamleskinnene og de to rotorstrømkretser liggende tyristor gjøres strømløs ved tenning av slukketyristoren hvorved også den parallelt med startmotstanden liggende tyristor slukkes. Deretter blir de i for-bindelsesledningene mellom batteriene liggende tyristorer såvel som tyristoren som ligger i forbindelsesledningen mellom batterisamleskinnene og rotorviklingen tent'slik at motorene påtrykkes den økede batterispenning mens startmotstanden blir liggende i rotorstrømkretsen. Etter denne økning av motorens omdreiningstall, blir tyristoren som ligger parallelt med startmotstanden tent slik at startmotstanden shuntes. ;Denne kjente anordning har den ulempe at ved normalt driftsomdreiningstall, altså ved høy spenning, gjennomstrømmes et stort antall tyristorer av den fulle strøm slik at det ikke bare oppstår tap men at det også er nødvendig å dimensjonere disse tyristorer deretter. Kjølingen av disse tyristorer skjer som regel ved en kraftig luftstrøm fra en ventilator. Det er da ikke til å unngå at det må anvendes forholdsvis store ventilatorer for å fjerne varmetapet fra de mange tyristorer og disse ventilatorer har et betydelig støynivå som gjennom skipsskroget kan tilføres vannet og avlyttes ved hjelp av lytteapparater. ;Hensikten med oppfinnelsen er å forbedre den ovenfor kjente anordning på den måte at antallet stadig strømførende tyristorer kan minskes og at anordningen kan utformes slik at de nødvendige tyristorer kan dimensjoneres mindre, og fremfor alt at koplingsanordningen er utformet slik at det støynivå som opptrer ved omkopling av batterigruppene er meget liten, idet betjening av kraftbr"ytere for den normale drift som må ha stor koplingshastighet har stort støynivå som kan unngås såvel som støy fra ventilatorer for tyristorkjølingen i vesentlig grad kan undertrykkes. ;Dette oppnås ifølge oppfinnelsen ved at den styrbare halvlederventil er hovedtyristoren i en likestrømregula- tor som ligger foran rotorviklingen, at statorviklingen mates fra en likestrømskilde via en ytterligere likestrømregulator, og at det mellom plusspolen i en batterigruppe og den negative pol i den tilgrensende batterigruppe er anordnet en skillebryter. ;På denne måte oppnås den store fordel at for drifts-kopling anvendes ingen vanlige kraftbrytere slik at samtlige normale driftsreguleringer kan skje ved støysvake skille-bryterlignende koplingselementer. Likestrømregulatoren i rotorstrømkretsen vil da bare anvendes som regulator i det første starttrinn'. Ved det første starttrinn er motoren bare belastet med en forholdsvis liten strøm som følge av dreie^moment-omdreiningstallkarakteristikken for propellens mot-moment som forløper tilnærmet etter en parabel av tredje grad, slik at regulatoren bare er innkoplet i kort tid og kan dimensjoneres deretter på samme måte som likestrømsregulatoren for statoren. ;Ved en videreutforming av oppf innelsesgj enstanden 'er det parallelt med likestrømregulatoren i rotorstrømkretsen anordnet en skillebryter. På denne måte er det mulig etter omkoplingen å shunte hovedtyristoren i likestrømsregulatoren slik at den ikke fører strøm. ;Ved en foretrukket- utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen er det anordnet to drivmotorer med separate likestrømsregula-torer i rotorstrømkretsen og separate likestrømsregulatorer i statorstrømkretsen. Ved denne utførelse er. hver motor for-synt med en rotorstrømregulator og en statorstrømregulator. En slik utførelse har den fordel at hvis den ene motor faller ut som følge av driftsforstyrrelse, kan det drives videre med halv ytelse med den andre motor. Da alle regulatorer kan dimensjoneres likt, kan de lett byttes om hverandre for å oppheve en driftsforstyrrelse.. ;Med fordel kan de to drivmotorer sammenfattes til en dobbelt rotormotor ved at det sørges for at hvis den ene rotor faller ut, forblir den andre rotor fullstendig drifts-dyktig. ;Ved en ytterligere utfdrelsesform ifølge oppfinnelsen anvendes fire batterigrupper som valgvis kan koples parallelt, serieparallelt eller i serie. ;Anordningen ifølge oppfinnelsen muliggjør krypefart ved at likestrømsregulatoren i rotorstrømkretsen innstilles på en meget lav verdi. Derved er det mulig å unngå de ellers nødvendige formofstander som ellers forbruker energi eller en ekstra drivmotor kan innspares hvilket fører til en merkbar minskning av vekten i forhold til kjente anordninger. For å unngå unødig energiserings- og jerntap kan det ved krypefart og start være fordelaktig å bringe energiseringsstrømmen til sin fulle verdi først ved slutten av rotorinnstillingsområdet. ;Energiseringsstrømmen kan da styres slik ved betjening av likestrømsregulatoren at den er proporsjonal med ankerstrømmen i øyeblikket. Derved kan tapene bringes på en minimal verdi og krypefart kan gi en maksimal aksjonsradius. ;Ved en fremgangsmåte til elektrisk drift av propell i undervannsfartøy med en koplingsanordning ifølge oppfinnelsen, betjenes i en første driftsfase etter tenning av stator-strømregulatoren og parallelkoplede batterigrupper, like^strømsregulatoren i rotorstrømkretsen så lenge at motor-spenningen har økt fra en minimal verdi av batterispenningen og at deretter i en andre driftsfase shuntes likestrømregula-toren for rotorstrømkretsen av skillebryteren, og så betjenes likestrømsregulatoren for energiseringsstrømmen for motoren for svekking av feltet så lenge inntil motorens omdreiningstall har nådd den dobbelte verdi, og deretter betjenes like-strømregulatoren for energiseringsstrømmen så raskt at motorens EMK har nådd den dobbelte batterispenning, og at omkopling ;av bryteren for omgruppering•av batteriene fordobler spenningen på samleskinnene,hvoretter energiseringsstrømmen minskes så meget at motoren opptar den ønskede rotorstrøm. ;Med fordel kan da energiseringsstrømmen styres resp. reguleres ved betjening av likestrømregulatoren i samspill med shunting resp, bryting av bryterne for batterigruppering*-en, og at den gjennom disse brytere flytende strøm er null eller tilnærmet null umiddelbart før og etter slutningen resp. brytningen. Videre kan ifølge oppfinnelsen energiserings-strømmen styres slik ved regulering av likestrømsregulatoren at den er proporsjonal med den opptredende rotorstrøm. In the device mentioned above, there are three battery groups which are connected in parallel via diodes and via a thyristor feed two mechanically connected direct current motors. Furthermore, connection lines are arranged which each contain a thyristor which connects the negative pole in the first battery group with the positive pole in the second battery group or the negative in the second battery group with the positive pole in the third battery group. When these thyristors are switched on, the three batteries are connected in series so that the available voltage is tripled. *' With the aforementioned blocking diodes, the parallel connection of the three batteries is blocked. When disconnecting these series connections, a further thyristor is arranged between the battery busbars and the rotor current circuit for both motors, which is connected in parallel with a series connection of another thyristor and a capacitor and whose ignition can break the current in the first thyristor. ;For starting both motors, a starting resistor is arranged in series with the rotor winding which is shunted with a further thyristor. When starting, the starting resistance is active and the three battery groups are connected in parallel. After a certain number of revolutions has been reached, the thyristors connected in parallel with the starting resistance are switched on so that the starting resistance is shunted. If a higher number of revolutions is desired, the battery voltage is tripled by de-energizing the thyristor between the battery busbars and the two rotor current circuits by switching on the extinguishing thyristor, whereby the thyristor parallel to the starting resistor is also extinguished. Then the thyristors located in the connection lines between the batteries as well as the thyristor located in the connection line between the battery busbars and the rotor winding are switched on so that the motors are exposed to the increased battery voltage while the starting resistance remains in the rotor current circuit. After this increase in the engine speed, the thyristor which is in parallel with the starting resistor is switched on so that the starting resistor is shunted. This known device has the disadvantage that at normal operating revolutions, i.e. at high voltage, the full current flows through a large number of thyristors so that not only losses occur but that it is also necessary to dimension these thyristors accordingly. The cooling of these thyristors is usually done by a strong air flow from a ventilator. It is then unavoidable that relatively large ventilators must be used to remove the heat loss from the many thyristors and these ventilators have a significant noise level which can be fed into the water through the ship's hull and listened to using listening devices. The purpose of the invention is to improve the above-known device in such a way that the number of constantly current-carrying thyristors can be reduced and that the device can be designed so that the required thyristors can be sized smaller, and above all that the switching device is designed so that the noise level that occurs during switching of the battery groups is very small, as the operation of circuit breakers for normal operation, which must have a high switching speed, has a high noise level that can be avoided, as well as noise from ventilators for the thyristor cooling can be largely suppressed. According to the invention, this is achieved by the controllable semiconductor valve is the main thyristor in a direct current regulator located in front of the rotor winding, that the stator winding is fed from a direct current source via an additional direct current regulator, and that an isolator is arranged between the positive pole of a battery group and the negative pole of the adjacent battery group. ;In this way, the big advantage that for operational coupling the use there are no normal power switches so that all normal operating adjustments can be made with low-noise switch-like switching elements. The DC regulator in the rotor current circuit will then only be used as a regulator in the first starting stage'. In the first starting stage, the motor is only loaded with a relatively small current as a result of the torque-rpm characteristic of the propeller's counter-torque, which proceeds approximately according to a parabola of the third degree, so that the regulator is only engaged for a short time and can be dimensioned accordingly on same way as the DC regulator for the stator. In a further development of the invention, an isolating switch is arranged in parallel with the direct current regulator in the rotor current circuit. In this way, it is possible after switching to shunt the main thyristor in the DC regulator so that it does not conduct current. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, two drive motors are arranged with separate direct current regulators in the rotor current circuit and separate direct current regulators in the stator current circuit. In this embodiment is. each motor provided with a rotor current regulator and a stator current regulator. Such a design has the advantage that if one engine fails as a result of an operational disturbance, it can continue to be operated at half capacity with the other engine. As all regulators can be dimensioned the same, they can easily be interchanged to eliminate an operational disturbance. operable. In a further embodiment according to the invention, four battery groups are used which can optionally be connected in parallel, series-parallel or in series. The device according to the invention enables crawling speed by setting the direct current regulator in the rotor current circuit to a very low value. Thereby, it is possible to avoid the otherwise necessary form distances which otherwise consume energy or an additional drive motor can be saved, which leads to a noticeable reduction in weight compared to known devices. In order to avoid unnecessary energizing and iron loss, it may be advantageous at creep speed and start to bring the energizing current to its full value only at the end of the rotor setting range. The energizing current can then be controlled by operating the DC regulator so that it is proportional to the armature current at the moment. Thereby, the losses can be brought to a minimal value and crawling speed can provide a maximum radius of action. In a method for electrical operation of a propeller in an underwater vessel with a coupling device according to the invention, in a first operating phase after ignition of the stator current regulator and parallel-connected battery groups, the direct current regulator is operated in the rotor current circuit as long as the motor voltage has increased from a minimal value of the battery voltage and that then in a second operating phase the DC regulator for the rotor current circuit is shunted by the disconnector, and then the DC regulator for the energizing current for the motor is operated to weaken the field until the motor speed has reached the double value, and then the DC regulator for the energizing current is operated as quickly that the motor's EMF has reached twice the battery voltage, and that switching the switch for regrouping the batteries doubles the voltage on the busbars, after which the energizing current is reduced so much that the motor absorbs the desired rotor current. Advantageously, the energizing current can then be controlled resp. regulated by operating the direct current regulator in conjunction with shunting or breaking the switches for the battery grouping*, and that the current flowing through these switches is zero or close to zero immediately before and after the conclusion or the refraction. Furthermore, according to the invention, the energizing current can be controlled in such a way by regulating the direct current regulator that it is proportional to the occurring rotor current.

To utførelseseksempler på oppfinnelsen skal nedenr for forklares nærmere under henvisning til tegningene. Two embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 viser et koplingsskjema for en første ut--førelsesform av en koplingsanordning ifølge oppfinnelsenkmed to parallelt koplede batterigrupper i starttilstand. Fig. 2 viser et koplingsskjema for en andre ut-førelsesform med fire batterigrupper av hvilke to ligger i serie og to er parallelkoplet. Fig. 3 viser et koplingsskjema for den samme koplingsanordning med to i serie koplede batterigrupper og to ytterligere parallelkoplede batterigrupper som ligger i serie. Fig. ^ viser et koplingsskj ema for den samme kop^-lingsanordning med fire i serie koplede batterigrupper. Fig. 1 shows a connection diagram for a first embodiment of a connection device according to the invention with two parallel connected battery groups in starting condition. Fig. 2 shows a connection diagram for a second embodiment with four battery groups of which two are in series and two are connected in parallel. Fig. 3 shows a connection diagram for the same connection device with two series-connected battery groups and two further parallel-connected battery groups that are in series. Fig. 3 shows a connection diagram for the same connection device with four battery groups connected in series.

På tegningene er batteriene betegnet med Bl-B^l. In the drawings, the batteries are designated Bl-B^l.

Plusspolen i de fire batterigrupper er via dioder D12, D23 og D~ 5ty forbundet med hverandre og minuspolen i batterigruppene er forbundet med hverandre via dioder D21, D32 og D^3. Ved hjelp av disse dioder er batteriene, parallelkoplet. Pluss^-polen. i batterigruppen Bt<y>er -forbundet med en positiv samle-skinne SS1. The plus coil in the four battery groups is connected to each other via diodes D12, D23 and D~ 5ty and the minus pole in the battery groups is connected to each other via diodes D21, D32 and D^3. Using these diodes, the batteries are connected in parallel. The plus^ pole. in the battery group Bt<y> is connected to a positive bus bar SS1.

Videre er det anordnet brytere S12, S23 og S3^' ved hjelp av hvilke plusspolen- i batterigruppen Bl kan forbindes med minuspolen i batterigruppen B2 resp. plusspolen i batterigruppen B2 med minuspolen i batterigruppen B3, og plusspolen i batterigruppen B3 kan forbindes med minuspolen i batterigruppen Bt<y>slik at en seriekopling av de fire batterigrupper eller også mindre enn fire batterigrupper kan dannes. Furthermore, there are switches S12, S23 and S3', by means of which the plus pole in the battery group B1 can be connected to the minus pole in the battery group B2 or the plus coil in battery group B2 with the minus pole in battery group B3, and the plus coil in battery group B3 can be connected to the minus pole in battery group Bt<y>so that a series connection of the four battery groups or even less than four battery groups can be formed.

Videre er det anordnet en bryter- Sty mellom samleskinnen SS1 og plusspolen i batterigruppen Bl og en bryter S5 mellom minuspolen i batterigruppen B2 og samleskinnen SS2, Ved slutning av bryterne St<y>og S5 i det lave.ste spenningstrinn, blir de i serie liggende dioder D12rD^3 shunter slik at det over disse opptredende spenningsfall unngås. Ut over dette muliggjør de sluttede brytere St<y>og S5 for å minske skipets hastighet et lavere omdreiningstall av propellen at motoren kan arbeide som generator og mate strøm tilbake i batteriet, hvilket ellers ikke er mulig som følge av diodene. Furthermore, a switch Sty is arranged between the busbar SS1 and the positive coil of the battery group Bl and a switch S5 between the negative pole of the battery group B2 and the busbar SS2. When closing the switches St<y> and S5 in the lowest voltage step, they become in series horizontal diodes D12rD^3 shunt so that voltage drops occurring above these are avoided. In addition to this, the closed switches St<y>and S5 to reduce the ship's speed enable a lower number of revolutions of the propeller so that the engine can work as a generator and feed current back into the battery, which is otherwise not possible as a result of the diodes.

Bryterne S1,S2,S12, S23 og S3^ og eventuelt St<y>og The switches S1,S2,S12, S23 and S3^ and possibly St<y>og

S5 kan sammenfattes til en enhet.The S5 can be summed up as one unit.

Mellom samleskinnene SS1 og SS2 ligger rotorstrøm-kretsene. I rotorstrømkretsen er det i serie med en hoved- bryter HS1 resp, HS2 koplet rotorlikestrømsregulatorer Stil resp. St21 og rotoren Ml resp, M2.• Likestrømsregulatorene Stil resp. St21 kan shuntes med en bryter Sl resp. S2. Sluttelig er det parallelt med rotoren Ml resp. M2 koplet en friløpsdiode DA1 resp. DA2. Between busbars SS1 and SS2 are the rotor current circuits. In the rotor current circuit, rotor direct current regulators Stil or St21 and the rotor Ml resp., M2.• The DC regulators Stil resp. St21 can be shunted with a switch Sl or S2. Finally, it is parallel to the rotor Ml or M2 connected a freewheeling diode DA1 resp. DA2.

Statorstrømkretsen er forbundet med et av batteriene. The stator current circuit is connected to one of the batteries.

I statorstrømkretsen ligger en likestrømsregulator Stl2 resp. St22 i serie med statorviklingen Fl resp. F2. Parallelt med statorviklingen ligger det en diode DF1 resp. DF2. For omkopling av omdreiningsretningen av motoren er det anordnet en omkopler FU1 resp'. FU2 foran statorviklingen. In the stator current circuit there is a direct current regulator Stl2 or St22 in series with the stator winding Fl resp. F2. Parallel to the stator winding is a diode DF1 or DF2. For switching the direction of rotation of the motor, a switch FU1 resp' is arranged. FU2 in front of the stator winding.

Koplingsanordningen arbeider på følgende måte (se fig. 1). De to hovedbrytere HS1 og HS2 sluttes og likestrøms^regulatoren Stil og St21 for rotorstrømkretsen såvel som likestrømsregulatorene Stl2 og St22 for statorkretsen betjenes slik at den fra batteriene uttatte strøm skjer i pulser hvis frekvens og/eller pulsbredde styres av den tilordnede regulator. Under pulspausene flyter strømmen videre som følge av rotors resp. statorinduktiviteten via friløpsdiodene DA'1 og DA2 i rotorkretsen resp. DF1 og DF2 i statorkretsen. Stator-strømmen er praktisk talt jevn selv om det påtrykkes en med reguleringsfrekvens mellom null og batterispenningen vekslende spenning, The coupling device works in the following way (see fig. 1). The two main switches HS1 and HS2 are closed and the direct current regulator Stil and St21 for the rotor current circuit as well as the direct current regulators Stl2 and St22 for the stator circuit are operated so that the current drawn from the batteries occurs in pulses whose frequency and/or pulse width is controlled by the assigned regulator. During the pulse breaks, the current flows on as a result of the rotor's resp. the stator inductance via the freewheeling diodes DA'1 and DA2 in the rotor circuit resp. DF1 and DF2 in the stator circuit. The stator current is practically constant even if an alternating voltage with a regulation frequency between zero and the battery voltage is applied,

Pulseringen er imidlertid merkbart større i rotor-strømmen som følge av den forholdsvis lille rotorinduktivitet. However, the pulsation is noticeably greater in the rotor current as a result of the relatively small rotor inductance.

Pulssiden i likestrømsregulatorene økes kontinuerlig så lenge inntil den spenning som påtrykkes rotoren tilsvarer batterispenningen. På dette tidspunkt blir bryterne Sl resp, S2 koplet inn som shunter likestrømsregulatorene.Stil resp. St21, slik at rotoren får den fulle batterispenning. Fra nå av blir statorstrømmen svekket ved hjelp av statorstrømregulatoren inntil omdreiningstallet har øket til ca. dobbelt verdi. The pulse side in the DC regulators is continuously increased until the voltage applied to the rotor corresponds to the battery voltage. At this point, the switches Sl and S2 are switched on, which shunt the DC regulators. St21, so that the rotor receives the full battery voltage. From now on, the stator current is weakened using the stator current regulator until the number of revolutions has increased to approx. double value.

Før omkoplingen til dobbelt batterispenning ved seriekopling av batterigruppene Bl og B2, økes energiserings-strømmen så meget at den induserte motorspenning tilnærmet tilsvarer spenningen av de to i serie koplede batterigrupper. Bryteren S12 for seriekopling av de to batterigrupper kan dermed sluttes uten at det oppstår noe strømstøt fordi motor-strømmen på forhånd er null fordi motoren EMK er større enn Before switching to double battery voltage by series connection of battery groups B1 and B2, the energizing current is increased so much that the induced motor voltage approximately corresponds to the voltage of the two battery groups connected in series. The switch S12 for series connection of the two battery groups can thus be closed without any current surge occurring because the motor current is zero in advance because the motor EMF is greater than

spenningen av de fremdeles paralleltliggende batterier.the voltage of the batteries still in parallel.

Ved koplingsanordningen på fig. 2 er det' anordnet fire batterigrupper av hvilke to er koplet parallelt og de parallelkoplede grupper er via bryteren S23 koplet i serie. Starten skjer på. samme måte som på fig. 1 hvor de fire batterier ved brutt bryter S23 er koplet parallelt, In the case of the coupling device in fig. 2, four battery groups are arranged, two of which are connected in parallel and the parallel-connected groups are connected in series via the switch S23. The start takes place on the same way as in fig. 1 where the four batteries are connected in parallel when switch S23 is broken,

Ved den på fig. 3 viste anordning blir det på samme måte koplet fra parallelkopling til seriekopling som ovenfor beskrevet, men her blir i tillegg bryteren S12 sluttet, slik at det dannes en seriekopling av to batterigrupper ved seriekopling av to paralleltkoplede batterigrupper slik at man får den tredobbelte spenning for et batteri. At the one in fig. device shown in 3, it is connected in the same way from parallel connection to series connection as described above, but here, in addition, the switch S12 is closed, so that a series connection of two battery groups is formed by series connection of two parallel connected battery groups so that you get the triple voltage for a battery.

Ved den på fig. 4 viste anordning er alle batterigrupper seriekoplet. Overgangen fra fig. 3 skjer analogt med det som er beskrevet for koplingsanordningen på fig. 1. At the one in fig. 4 device shown, all battery groups are connected in series. The transition from fig. 3 takes place analogously to what is described for the coupling device in fig. 1.

For å minske omdreiningstallet minskes først statorsvekkingen som var nødvendig for større omdreiningstall. Når statorstrømmen har øket til nominell verdi, må omkoplingen skje på det neste spenningstrinn, Det skjer ved en kort overenergisering av statoren ut over den nominelle verdi slik at motoren EMK økes til i høyde med batterispenningen slik at rotorstrømmen blir null og bryterne kan brytes strømløst. In order to reduce the number of revolutions, the stator weakening, which was necessary for higher revolutions, is first reduced. When the stator current has increased to the nominal value, the switching must take place on the next voltage step. This occurs by a short over-energization of the stator beyond the nominal value so that the motor EMF is increased to the level of the battery voltage so that the rotor current becomes zero and the switches can be broken without current.

Det kan forutsettes at motorens omdreiningstall under dette forløp bare minskes uvesentlig. It can be assumed that the engine's speed during this process is reduced only insignificantly.

Deretter blir statoren igjen svekket så meget at den ønskede rotorstrøm påny flyter i det nye koplingstrinn. The stator is then weakened again so much that the desired rotor current flows again in the new switching stage.

Statorviklingen og statorstrømregulatoren er utformet slik at de tåler den nødvendige kortvarige overenergisering, The stator winding and the stator current regulator are designed to withstand the necessary short-term over-energisation,

Claims (11)

1. Koplingsanordning for elektrisk drift av propell i undervanns fartøy med minst én likes-trømmotor som mates fra et i grupper oppdelt akkumulatorbatteri, hvilke grupper i et første drift&trinn via elektriske ventiler parallelkoples og i et videre driftstrinn seriekoples og i serie med motorens rotorvikling koples minst en styrbar halvlederventil, karakterisert ved at den styrbare halvl.eder-ventil er hovedtyristoren i en likestrømregulator (Stil) som ligger foran rotorviklingen, at statorviklingen (Fl) mates fra en likestrømkilde via en ytterligere likestrømregulator (Stl2), og at det mellom plusspolen i én batterigruppe (Bl, B2 , B'3 , Bty ) og den negative pol i den tilgrensende batterigruppe (B2,B3, BH) er anordnet en skillebryter (S12, S233'S3il) .1. Coupling device for electrical operation of a propeller in an underwater vessel with at least one direct current motor which is fed from an accumulator battery divided into groups, which groups are connected in parallel in a first operation stage via electric valves and in a further operation stage are connected in series and in series with the motor's rotor winding are connected at least a controllable semiconductor valve, characterized in that the controllable semiconductor valve is the main thyristor in a direct current regulator (Stil) which is located in front of the rotor winding, that the stator winding (Fl) is fed from a direct current source via a further direct current regulator (Stl2), and that between the positive coil in one battery group (Bl, B2 , B'3 , Bty ) and the negative pole in the adjacent battery group (B2, B3, BH) is provided with a disconnect switch (S12, S233'S3il). 2. Anordning ifølge krav 1, karakterisert ved at det parallelt med likestrømregulatoren (Stil) i rotorstrømkretsen er anordnet en skillebryter (Sl).2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that an isolating switch (S1) is arranged in parallel with the direct current regulator (Stil) in the rotor current circuit. 3- Anordning ifølge krav 1 eller 2, karakterisert ved to drivmotorer (M1,M2) med separate like-strømregulatorer (Stil, Stl2) i rotorstrømkretsen., og separate likestrømregulatorer (Stl2, St22) i statorstrømkretsen. ty. 3- Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by two drive motors (M1, M2) with separate direct current regulators (Stil, Stl2) in the rotor current circuit., and separate direct current regulators (Stl2, St22) in the stator current circuit. ty. Anordning ifølge krav 1 eller 2, karakterisert ved at drivmotoren er utformet som dobbeltrotor- , motor og en særskilt likestrømregulator (Stil, St21) er anordnet i hver av rotorstrømkretsene, og særskilt likestrøm^ regulator (Stl2, St22) er anordnet i hver energiseringskrets.Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drive motor is designed as a double rotor , motor and a separate direct current regulator (Stil, St21) is arranged in each of the rotor current circuits, and a separate direct current^ regulator (Stl2, St22) is arranged in each energizing circuit. 5. Anordning ifølge et av de foregående krav, karakterisert ved fire batterigrupper som kan koples valgvis parallelt, serie-parallelt og i serie.5. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by four battery groups which can optionally be connected in parallel, series-parallel and in series. 6. Anordning ifølge et av kravene 1-5, karakterisert ved at de enkelte for manøvrering be-tjenbare brytere (S12, S23, S, J>ty , Sl, S2) er sammenfattet til en elektromotorisk, hydraulisk eller pneumatisk betjenbar, strømløs koplende enhet.6. Device according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the individual switches operable for maneuvering (S12, S23, S, J>ty , Sl, S2) are combined into an electromotive, hydraulically or pneumatically operable, current-free connecting unit. 7. Anordning ifølge et av kravene 1-5, karakt terisert ved i det minste en del av tyristorene i likestrømregulatorene (Stil, St21, Stl2, St22) såvel som til en elektromotorisk, hydraulisk eller pneumatisk betjenbar, strømløs koplende enhet. ' k 7. Anordning ifølge et av kravene 1^5 , karakterisert ved i det minste en del av tyristorene i likestrømregulatorene (Stil, St21, Stl2, St22) såvel som diodene (D12,...D43) er utstyrt med vannkjøling, .7. Device according to one of the claims 1-5, characterized by at least part of the thyristors in the direct current regulators (Stil, St21, Stl2, St22) as well as an electromotive, hydraulically or pneumatically operated, currentless switching unit. ' k 7. Device according to one of the claims 1^5, characterized in that at least part of the thyristors in the direct current regulators (Stil, St21, Stl2, St22) as well as the diodes (D12,...D43) are equipped with water cooling, . 8. Anordning ifølge et av kravene 1-7, karakterisert ved 'at likestrømregulatorene (Stil, St21, Stl2, St22) for stator- og rotorkretsene har samme dimensjo--nering.8. Device according to one of claims 1-7, characterized in that the direct current regulators (Stil, St21, Stl2, St22) for the stator and rotor circuits have the same dimensions. 9. Fremgangsmåte til elektrisk drift av propell i undervannsfartøy ifølge et av de foregående krav, karakterisert ved at i en første driftsfase etter tenning av statorstrømregulatoren (Stl2 resp. St22) og parallelkoplede batterigrupper (VI,B2...), betjenes likestrømregulatoren (Stil resp, St21) i rotorstrømkretsen så lenge at motorspenn-ingen har øket fra en minimalverdi av batterispenningen (Ul), og at deretter i en andre driftsfase shuntes likestrømregula-toren (Stil resp. St21) for rotorstrømkretsen av skillebryteren (Sl resp. S2), og så betjenes likestrømregulatoren (Stl2 resp. St22) for energiseringsstrømmen for motoren for svekking av feltet så lenge inntil motorens omdreiningstall har nådd den dobbelte verdi, og deretter betjenes likestrøm-regulatoren (Stl2 resp. St22) for energiseringsstrømmen så raskt, at motorens EMK har nådd den dobbelte batterispenning, og at omkopling av bryteren (S12) for omgruppering av batteriene fordobler spenningen på samleskinnene, hvoretter energiseringsstrømmen minskes så meget at motoren opptar den ønskede rotorstrøm.9. Method for electrical operation of a propeller in an underwater vessel according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in a first operating phase after ignition of the stator current regulator (Stl2 or St22) and parallel connected battery groups (VI,B2...), the direct current regulator (Stil resp., St21) in the rotor current circuit as long as the motor voltage has increased from a minimum value of the battery voltage (Ul), and that then in a second operating phase the direct current regulator (Stil or St21) for the rotor current circuit is shunted by the disconnector (Sl or S2) , and then the direct current regulator (Stl2 resp. St22) is operated for the energizing current of the motor to weaken the field until the motor speed has reached the double value, and then the direct current regulator (Stl2 resp. St22) is operated for the energizing current so quickly that the motor's EMF has reached double the battery voltage, and that switching the switch (S12) for regrouping of the batteries double the voltage on the busbars, after which the energizing current is reduced so much that the motor absorbs the desired rotor current. 10. Fremgangsmåte ifølge krav 9, karakterisert ved at energiseringsstrømmen styres resp. reguleres ved betjening av likestrømregulatoren (Stl2 resp. St22) i samspill med slutning resp. brytning av bryterne (S12, S23,S3^) for batteriomgruppering, 'at den gjennom disse brytere flytende strøm er null eller tilnærmet null umiddelbart før og etter slutningen resp. brytningen.10. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the energizing current is controlled or regulated by operating the direct current regulator (Stl2 or St22) in conjunction with closing or breaking of the switches (S12, S23, S3^) for battery regrouping, 'that the current flowing through these switches is zero or close to zero immediately before and after the conclusion resp. the refraction. 11. Fremgangsmåte ifølge krav 10, karakterisert ved at energiserinsstrømmen styres slik ved regulering av likestrømregulatoren (Stl2 resp. St22) at den er proporsjonal med den opptredende rotorstrøm.11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the energy current is controlled such that by regulating the direct current regulator (Stl2 or St22) that it is proportional to the occurring rotor current.
NO782958A 1977-08-31 1978-08-30 COUPLING DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC OPERATION OF PROPELLES IN SUBMERSHIP VESSELS NO782958L (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2739116A DE2739116C2 (en) 1977-08-31 1977-08-31 Method for operating a circuit arrangement for the electric propeller drive of an underwater vehicle

Publications (1)

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NO782958L true NO782958L (en) 1979-03-01

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NO782958A NO782958L (en) 1977-08-31 1978-08-30 COUPLING DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC OPERATION OF PROPELLES IN SUBMERSHIP VESSELS

Country Status (6)

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DE (1) DE2739116C2 (en)
FR (1) FR2402339A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2003679B (en)
NL (1) NL7808827A (en)
NO (1) NO782958L (en)
SE (1) SE7809136L (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0035608A1 (en) * 1980-02-28 1981-09-16 Exxon Research And Engineering Company A circuit and system for controlling the operation of a separately excited DC motor and method of operating such system
GB2129234A (en) * 1982-10-28 1984-05-10 Vessa Ltd Powered wheelchair having improved control circuit
DE3600258A1 (en) * 1986-01-08 1987-07-09 Horst Dipl Phys Gehm ELECTRICAL SYSTEM FOR SUBMERSIBLE BOATS
DE102020200430A1 (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-07-15 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Electrically excited synchronous machine with one excitation circuit
DE102020211176A1 (en) 2020-09-04 2021-08-05 Thyssenkrupp Ag Drive unit of an underwater vehicle with a first and a second operating mode

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FR2402339B3 (en) 1981-06-12
NL7808827A (en) 1979-03-02
DE2739116C2 (en) 1981-12-17
FR2402339A1 (en) 1979-03-30
SE7809136L (en) 1979-03-01
DE2739116A1 (en) 1979-03-15
GB2003679A (en) 1979-03-14
GB2003679B (en) 1982-03-24

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