NO770245L - DEVICE BY FENDER. - Google Patents
DEVICE BY FENDER.Info
- Publication number
- NO770245L NO770245L NO770245A NO770245A NO770245L NO 770245 L NO770245 L NO 770245L NO 770245 A NO770245 A NO 770245A NO 770245 A NO770245 A NO 770245A NO 770245 L NO770245 L NO 770245L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- ship
- fender
- polyurethane
- ship fender
- fender according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical compound ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012975 dibutyltin dilaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical group C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical class C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
- B63B59/02—Fenders integral with waterborne vessels or specially adapted therefor, e.g. fenders forming part of the hull or incorporated in the hull; Rubbing-strakes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
- E02B3/26—Fenders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling au skipsfendere eller dokkfendere au elastomert polyurethan og særlig slike tilsvarende produkter for beskyt-telse av skip mot land,, skip mot skip eller skip mot kai til havs. Oppfinnelsen angår nærmere bestemt en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av meget store beskyttende innretninger for slike anvendelser og med en spesifikk vekt på mindre enn 1,2. The present invention relates to a method for the production of ship fenders or dock fenders of elastomeric polyurethane and in particular similar products for the protection of ships against land, ship against ships or ships against quays at sea. The invention specifically relates to a method for producing very large protective devices for such applications and with a specific weight of less than 1.2.
Selv om elastomere skipsfendere har vært laget ogAlthough elastomeric ship fenders have been made and
brukt gjennom mange år til å beskytte skip, fortøyningsbøyer, trucklasteplattformer, borerigger til sjøs eller lektere og lignende fartøyskonstruksjoner, har deres konstruksjon og produksjon medført betydelige vanskeligheter som blir i høy grad overdrevet fordi de beskyttende krav foreskriver dimensjoner og former med gigantiske proporsjoner. Således er disse enormt store skipsfendere blitt ytterst tunge, kost- used over many years to protect ships, mooring buoys, truck loading platforms, offshore drilling rigs or barges and similar vessel structures, their construction and production have entailed considerable difficulties which are greatly exaggerated because the protective requirements prescribe dimensions and shapes of gigantic proportions. Thus, these enormously large ship fenders have become extremely heavy, cost-
bare og vanskelige å fremstille. De forbruker store mengder varme og mekanisk energi til sin framstillingsprosess. I virkeligheten var den spesifikke vekt av de nevnte produkter betydelig større enn 1,2. For å redusere vekten, har det vært utviklet såkalte luftsekker eller fendere av oppblåst type og disse har vært brukt til noen anvendelser, men har uønskede egenskaper, særlig store omkostninger og er defekte når de går hull på. simple and difficult to produce. They consume large amounts of heat and mechanical energy for their manufacturing process. In reality, the specific gravity of the mentioned products was significantly greater than 1.2. In order to reduce the weight, so-called airbags or fenders of the inflated type have been developed and these have been used for some applications, but have undesirable properties, particularly high costs and are defective when they puncture.
Et formål med foreliggende oppfinnelse er å skaffeAn object of the present invention is to provide
en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av store skipsfendere med spesifikk vekt på mindre enn 1,1, og "fortrinnsvis mindre enn 1, men som har evnen til å tåle det sjokk som medfølger arbeidet. a method of making large ship fenders having a specific gravity of less than 1.1, and "preferably less than 1, but having the ability to withstand the shock accompanying the work.
Ytterligere fordeler og andre formål med foreliggende oppfinnelse vil fremgå ved henvisning til tegningene, og f.eks. Further advantages and other purposes of the present invention will become apparent by reference to the drawings, and e.g.
ved å betrakte skipsfenderen som en som har dimensjoner påby considering the ship's fender as one that has dimensions on it
6 fot gange 3 fot eller større.6 feet by 3 feet or larger.
På tegningene viser fig. 1 et perspektivriss av en skipsfender av vingetypen med trapesform og åpen bunn, fig. 2 viser et perspektivriss av en smultringformet skipsfender anbragt på en påle for et havgående borefartøy, fortøynings-bøye eller lignende utstyr, og fig. 3 viser en annen utfør-else av skipsfenderen på fig. 2, hvor lengden vanligvis er større enn diameteren for å gi et rørlignende utseende. In the drawings, fig. 1 is a perspective view of a ship fender of the wing type with a trapezoidal shape and an open bottom, fig. 2 shows a perspective view of a doughnut-shaped ship fender placed on a pile for an ocean-going drilling vessel, mooring buoy or similar equipment, and fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the ship's fender in fig. 2, where the length is usually greater than the diameter to give a tube-like appearance.
Et stort antall forskjellige andre former og' dimensjoner anvendes eller er likeledes ønskelige og vil befinne seg innenfor rammen av foreliggende oppfinnelse. A large number of different other shapes and dimensions are used or are likewise desirable and will be within the scope of the present invention.
Fordelene og formålene med foreliggende oppfinnelse kan oppnås ved å injisere eller helle en poredannende flytende polyurethan-reaksjonsblanding opp i en form som har et hulrom med dimensjonen av den ønskede skipsfender, hvilken polyurethan-reaksjonsblanding bringes til å reagere og fylle hulrommet med en porøs polyurethan med en spesifikk vekt på mindre enn 1,1 men større enn 0,4 med den foretrukne spesifikke vekt liggende mellom 0,6 og 0,95. Det har vist seg at skipsfenderen av mikrocelleformet polyurethan innenfor dette tetthetsområde kan tåle sjokkbelastninger tilstrekkelig til å trykke sammen fenderen 50% eller mer mange ganger uten tegn til svikt og effektivt oppta sjokkraften for å hindre skade på konstruksjonen eller- fartøyet. The advantages and objects of the present invention can be achieved by injecting or pouring a pore-forming liquid polyurethane reaction mixture into a mold having a cavity the size of the desired ship fender, which polyurethane reaction mixture is caused to react and fill the cavity with a porous polyurethane with a specific gravity of less than 1.1 but greater than 0.4 with the preferred specific gravity lying between 0.6 and 0.95. It has been shown that the ship's fender made of microcellular polyurethane within this density range can withstand shock loads sufficient to compress the fender 50% or more many times without signs of failure and effectively absorb the shock force to prevent damage to the structure or vessel.
En annen fordel ved foreliggende oppfinnelse angår formene og det påkrevede utstyr sammenlignet med fremgangs-måter ved fremstilling av skipsfendere av ethylen-propylen-dimer-(EPDIvl) gummi. Former kan være av en meget lettere konstruksjon som gir betydelige besparelser både med hensyn til omkostninger og den tid som er nødvendig til fremstilling av formene. Når vanlige gummisammensetninger benyttes, såsom naturlig gummi, neopren, EPDPI, butadien-styrengummi, er det påkrevet med store mengder varme og trykk for å myk-gjøre og bevege gummien inn i ekstruderingsformen eller støpeformen for å forme og deretter herde eller vulkanisere denne. Foreliggende oppfinnelse anvender imidlertid flyt ende urethanmaterialer som er lette å blande og helle eller injisere i den flytende tilstand opp i den ønskede form og tillater polymerisering eller herding primært gjennom den ekso-termiske reaksjon. Det er således ikke. påkrevet med kostbart produksjonsutstyr såsom Banbury-blandere, valsemøller, eks-trudere, varmplatepresser og kjelevarmere. Det er klart at en meget verdifull vare, energi, anvendes meget sparsomt i . fremgangsmåten som beskrives i foreliggende oppfinnelse. Another advantage of the present invention relates to the molds and the required equipment compared to methods of manufacturing ship fenders from ethylene-propylene-dimer (EPDIvl) rubber. Molds can be of a much lighter construction, which provides significant savings both in terms of costs and the time required to manufacture the molds. When common rubber compounds are used, such as natural rubber, neoprene, EPDPI, butadiene styrene rubber, large amounts of heat and pressure are required to soften and move the rubber into the extrusion die or mold to shape and then cure or vulcanize it. However, the present invention uses fluid urethane materials which are easy to mix and pour or inject in the liquid state into the desired shape and allow polymerization or curing primarily through the exothermic reaction. Thus it is not. required with expensive production equipment such as Banbury mixers, roll mills, ex-truders, hot plate presses and boiler heaters. It is clear that a very valuable commodity, energy, is used very sparingly in . the method described in the present invention.
Foreliggende oppfinnelses natur kan lettere forstås ved henvisning til følgende beskrivende eksempler, hvor alle deler og.prosenter er oppgitt i forhold til vekten med mindre annet er antydet. The nature of the present invention can be more easily understood by reference to the following descriptive examples, where all parts and percentages are given in relation to the weight unless otherwise indicated.
Eksempel IExample I
En fiberglass-epoksydform ca. 1,8 m ganger 60 cm med et hulrom av en fasong som er vist på fig". 1, ble fylt ved å injisere inn i hulrommet en sats av en flytende poredannende polyurethanreaksjonsblanding og tillate den å skumme og herde under dannelse av en trapesformet skipsfender av vingetypen med åpen bunn. Denne fender ble tatt ut av formen og derpå ble de fysikalske egenskaper av denne polyurethan-skipsfender sammenlignet med en kommersiell ethylen-propylen-dimer-skipsfender. Ved noen utførelsesformer kan en forsterkende metallplate anbringes i formen og i hver av vingene av skipsfenderen. A fiberglass epoxy mold approx. 1.8 m by 60 cm with a cavity of a shape shown in Fig". 1, was filled by injecting into the cavity a batch of liquid pore-forming polyurethane reaction mixture and allowing it to foam and harden to form a trapezoidal ship fender of the open bottom wing type. This fender was removed from the mold and then the physical properties of this polyurethane ship fender were compared to a commercial ethylene-propylene dimer ship fender. In some embodiments, a reinforcing metal plate may be placed in the mold and in each of the wings of the ship's fender.
Polyurethan-reaksjonsblandi ngen som anvendes til å støpe ovenstående skipsfender ble fremstilt ved å blande 86,66 deler polypropylen-ether-triol med molekylvekt 6000, 8,25 deler ethylenglycol, 5,09 deler diethanoldicarbamat, 0,007 deler dibutyltinndilaurat, 0,10 deler triethylendiamin, 2,00 deler triklorfluormethah og 3,00 deler av et oransjefarvet pigment, og denne blanding ble så blandet med 76,59 deler av et addukt av 4,4 1 -difeny1-methan-diisocyanat med en lavmolekylær glycol eller diglycol med et fritt NCO-innhold på 10 - 22 % på en passende polyurethan-maskinblander som er istånd til å fylle en form ved injeksjon. The polyurethane reaction mixture used to cast the above ship fender was prepared by mixing 86.66 parts polypropylene ether triol with a molecular weight of 6000, 8.25 parts ethylene glycol, 5.09 parts diethanoldicarbamate, 0.007 parts dibutyltin dilaurate, 0.10 parts triethylenediamine . NCO content of 10 - 22% on a suitable polyurethane machine mixer ready to fill a mold by injection.
Polyurethan-skipsfenderen var 15 - 20 % lettere i vekt enn ethylen-propylen-dimer-gummi-skipsfenderen med samme The polyurethane fender was 15 - 20% lighter in weight than the ethylene-propylene-dimer-rubber fender with the same
Shore D hårdhet. Den kunne formes til snevrere toleranserShore D hardness. It could be shaped to tighter tolerances
og hadde like god eller bedre trykkbelastnings- og bøye-egenskaper. En annen fordel med polyurethan-skipsfenderen var den letthet med hvilken metallforsterkninger kunne inkor-poreres deri. Dessuten kan monteringshu'11 støpes på plass og eliminere boringen som er forbundet med EPDM-skipsfendere. and had equally good or better compressive load and bending properties. Another advantage of the polyurethane fender was the ease with which metal reinforcements could be incorporated therein. Also, the mounting housing'11 can be cast in place, eliminating the drilling associated with EPDM ship fenders.
En polyurethan-skipsfender med spesifikk vekt ca. 0,7A polyurethane ship fender with a specific weight of approx. 0.7
og 60 cm ganger 30 cm ganger 120 cm av form som vist på fig. 3 ble bøyd femti ganger sammen til boringen ble lukket i en V/erson-presse uten antydning til sprekkdannelser eller for-urensning og bibeholdt fremdeles sin sjokkabsorberende evne. and 60 cm by 30 cm by 120 cm of shape as shown in fig. 3 was bent fifty times until the bore was closed in a V/erson press without any indication of cracking or contamination and still retaining its shock absorbing ability.
1 mol polyesterpolyol, eller en polyetherpolyol med 2 -1 mol polyester polyol, or a polyether polyol with 2 -
3 hydroksylgrupper og med molekyl vekt på 1000 - 7000 ble om-satt med 1,15 mol av et organisk polyisocyanat ved prepolymer-eller entrinnsmetode med tilstrekkelig tverrbinder, fortrinnsvis av glycoltypen, til å reagere med 1 - 20 % av overskuddet av polyisocyanat i forhold til polyester- eller polyetherpolyol til å gi en flytende reaksjonsblanding egnet for fremstilling . av skipsfendere. 3 hydroxyl groups and with a molecular weight of 1000 - 7000 were reacted with 1.15 mol of an organic polyisocyanate by prepolymer or one-step method with sufficient crosslinker, preferably of the glycol type, to react with 1 - 20% of the excess of polyisocyanate in relation to polyester or polyether polyol to give a liquid reaction mixture suitable for manufacture. of ship fenders.
■i ■i
Polyurethanene fremstilt fra polypropylen-ether-diolThe polyurethanes made from polypropylene ether diol
eller -triol og methan-(difenylisocyanat) eller dets halogen-erte derivat, når anvendt for fremstilling av skipsfendere for anvendelse i en sjøatmosfære, har egnet hydrolytiske stabili-tetsegenskaper til å motstå utsettelse for sjøatmosfære. or -triol and methane-(diphenylisocyanate) or its halogenated derivative, when used for the manufacture of ship fenders for use in a marine atmosphere, have suitable hydrolytic stability properties to withstand exposure to a marine atmosphere.
For å sammenligne en mikroporøs polyurethan-skipsfender med en fremstilt av kommersiell EPDM, ble en mikroporøs polyurethan-skipsf ender fremstilt under anvendelse av følgende sammensetning: To compare a microporous polyurethane fender with one made from commercial EPDM, a microporous polyurethane fender was made using the following composition:
De ovenstående bestanddeler ble blandet i den orden de er oppført, og derpå ble "Mondur PF", en kvasi-prepolymer av methandifenyl-isocyanat og en diglycol som dipropylenglycol tilsatt og blandet godt før helling i skipsfenderformen og herdet ved værelsetemperatur. The above ingredients were mixed in the order listed and then "Mondur PF", a quasi-prepolymer of methane diphenyl isocyanate and a diglycol such as dipropylene glycol was added and mixed well before pouring into the ship fender mold and curing at room temperature.
Forsøksprøver fremstilt samtidig med skipsfenderne, ble prøvet og sammenlignet med prøver av en kommersiell EPDM-skipsfender i Tabell I. Polyurethan nr. 1 skiller seg fra polyurethan nr. 2 ved at nr. 2 inneholder 1,0 deler av en alkylert fenol som antioksydasjonsmiddel. Disse forsøksdata viser at disse mikroporøse polyurethaner er like eller mere stabile enn EPDM i sjøratmosfære. Test samples prepared at the same time as the ship fenders were tested and compared with samples of a commercial EPDM ship fender in Table I. Polyurethane No. 1 differs from Polyurethane No. 2 in that No. 2 contains 1.0 parts of an alkylated phenol as an antioxidant. These test data show that these microporous polyurethanes are equally or more stable than EPDM in marine atmospheres.
De foretrukne polyurethan-reaksjonsblandinger for fremstilling av mikroporøse skipsfendere er blandinger av polyether-polyolene av polypropylen-ether-diol eller -triol og polytetra-methylen-ether-glycol med molvekt på 3000 - 6000, og et organisk polyisocyanat som methan-di-(fenylisocyanat) av og til kalt MDI og hydrogenert MDI, og et herderniddel av en glycol eller polyglycol med molvekt under 1000, og fortrinnsvis under 500, The preferred polyurethane reaction mixtures for the production of microporous ship fenders are mixtures of the polyether polyols of polypropylene ether diol or triol and polytetramethylene ether glycol with a molecular weight of 3000 - 6000, and an organic polyisocyanate such as methane di-( phenyl isocyanate) sometimes called MDI and hydrogenated MDI, and a hardener part of a glycol or polyglycol with a molecular weight below 1000, and preferably below 500,
og tilstrekkelig blåsemiddel til å gi den ønskede spesifikke vekt av mikroporøst skum. and sufficient blowing agent to provide the desired specific gravity of microporous foam.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US65243976A | 1976-01-26 | 1976-01-26 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO770245L true NO770245L (en) | 1977-07-27 |
Family
ID=24616838
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO770245A NO770245L (en) | 1976-01-26 | 1977-01-25 | DEVICE BY FENDER. |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5291296A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU505024B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE850541A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2702232A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2339022A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1564976A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1077828B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7700449A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO770245L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA767656B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2413584A1 (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-07-27 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind | SHOCK PROTECTION AGAINST SHOCK |
| JPS58189403A (en) * | 1982-04-28 | 1983-11-05 | Bridgestone Corp | Fender |
| JPS60238506A (en) * | 1984-05-10 | 1985-11-27 | Sumitomo Rubber Ind Ltd | Rubber fender |
| JPS6391524U (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-14 | ||
| WO1991017320A1 (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1991-11-14 | Manfred Kahmann | Shock absorbing device |
| JP2858181B2 (en) * | 1991-01-21 | 1999-02-17 | 横浜ゴム株式会社 | Energy absorbing structure |
| US6467520B2 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2002-10-22 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Tire with apex rubber containing in-situ resin |
| GB2385899A (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-03 | Simon Haywood | A protective rubber buffer strip |
-
1976
- 1976-12-24 AU AU20917/76A patent/AU505024B2/en not_active Expired
- 1976-12-28 ZA ZA767656A patent/ZA767656B/en unknown
-
1977
- 1977-01-10 GB GB726/77A patent/GB1564976A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-01-13 JP JP281977A patent/JPS5291296A/en active Pending
- 1977-01-13 IT IT47633/77A patent/IT1077828B/en active
- 1977-01-17 NL NL7700449A patent/NL7700449A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-01-19 FR FR7701453A patent/FR2339022A1/en active Granted
- 1977-01-19 BE BE174213A patent/BE850541A/en unknown
- 1977-01-20 DE DE19772702232 patent/DE2702232A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1977-01-25 NO NO770245A patent/NO770245L/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT1077828B (en) | 1985-05-04 |
| BE850541A (en) | 1977-05-16 |
| DE2702232A1 (en) | 1977-07-28 |
| AU2091776A (en) | 1978-06-29 |
| GB1564976A (en) | 1980-04-16 |
| AU505024B2 (en) | 1979-11-08 |
| NL7700449A (en) | 1977-07-28 |
| JPS5291296A (en) | 1977-08-01 |
| FR2339022A1 (en) | 1977-08-19 |
| FR2339022B1 (en) | 1981-02-27 |
| ZA767656B (en) | 1977-11-30 |
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