NO751464L - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO751464L NO751464L NO751464A NO751464A NO751464L NO 751464 L NO751464 L NO 751464L NO 751464 A NO751464 A NO 751464A NO 751464 A NO751464 A NO 751464A NO 751464 L NO751464 L NO 751464L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- treated
- fluoride
- parts
- blank
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- AQKGPRGFKXWCTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N B(F)(F)F.[Na] Chemical compound B(F)(F)F.[Na] AQKGPRGFKXWCTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- BJZIJOLEWHWTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-H dipotassium;hexafluorozirconium(2-) Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].[K+].[K+].[Zr+4] BJZIJOLEWHWTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000886 hydrostatic extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VBKNTGMWIPUCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;fluoride;hydrofluoride Chemical compound F.[F-].[K+] VBKNTGMWIPUCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc stearate Chemical class [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O XOOUIPVCVHRTMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- BFXAWOHHDUIALU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydron;difluoride Chemical compound F.[F-].[Na+] BFXAWOHHDUIALU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ASZZHBXPMOVHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione Chemical compound C1C(=O)NC(=O)CC11CCNCC1 ASZZHBXPMOVHCU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 compound fluorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H zinc phosphate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LRXTYHSAJDENHV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 229910000165 zinc phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/37—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also hexavalent chromium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/37—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also hexavalent chromium compounds
- C23C22/38—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also hexavalent chromium compounds containing also phosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte ved behandling av et emne av aluminium eller en aluminiumlegering beregnet for ekstrudering. Procedure for processing a blank of aluminum or an aluminum alloy intended for extrusion.
Ved hydrostatisk ektrudering av et emne av aluminium, en aluminiumlegering eller et annet metallisk materiale i en ekstruder omgis emnet av et trykkmiddel som utøver det nødvendige trykk mot emnet for at dette skal presses ut gjennom ekstruderens munnstykke under dannelse av et stang-, rør- eller trådformig produkt. Trykkmidlet kan i enkelte tilfeller, avhengig av dets egenskaper og ekstruderingsbetingelser, tjene som smøremiddel mellom dyse og emnemateriale under ekstruderingen. I andre tilfeller kan det være nødvendig å påføre et spesielt smøremiddelskikt på emnet, During hydrostatic extrusion of a workpiece made of aluminium, an aluminum alloy or another metallic material in an extruder, the workpiece is surrounded by a pressure medium which exerts the necessary pressure against the workpiece in order for it to be pushed out through the nozzle of the extruder, forming a rod, tube or filamentous product. The pressure medium can in some cases, depending on its properties and extrusion conditions, serve as a lubricant between the nozzle and the workpiece material during extrusion. In other cases, it may be necessary to apply a special lubricant layer to the workpiece,
dvs. et skikt av et annet materiale enn trykkmidlet, for å opprettholde en virksom smørefilm under ekstruderingen. i.e. a layer of a material other than the pressure medium, to maintain an effective lubricating film during extrusion.
Det er kjent å fosfatere emner av aluminiumlegeringer ved behandling av disse med sinkfosfat og å ekstrudere slike emner hydrostatisk ved værelsetemperatur, dvs. uten forvarming av emnene. Derved kan aksepterbare resultater erholdes hvis de It is known to phosphatize workpieces made of aluminum alloys by treating them with zinc phosphate and to extrude such workpieces hydrostatically at room temperature, i.e. without preheating the workpieces. Thereby, acceptable results can be obtained if they
fosfaterte emner overtrekkes med et spesielt smøremiddel, som bivoks, før ekstruderingen. Det har imidlertid vist seg at fosfaterte emner ikke kan ekstruderes ved forhøyet temperatur, dvs. for-varmede emner, med aksepterbart resultat. Emnet vil da nemlig få overflateskår slik at produktet ikke får en aksepterbar overflate-beskaffenhet. Dessuten fås ofte overflatesprekker i produktet, og dette kan iblant sprekke istykker. Denne skårdannelse i dysen kan forklares med at fosfatskiktet i det minste ved høyere temperaturer bare dårlig er istand til å opprettholde en virksom smørefilm mellom dysen og emnematerialet. phosphated blanks are coated with a special lubricant, such as beeswax, before extrusion. However, it has been shown that phosphated blanks cannot be extruded at an elevated temperature, i.e. pre-heated blanks, with acceptable results. The blank will then have surface chips so that the product does not have an acceptable surface quality. In addition, surface cracks are often found in the product, and this can sometimes crack into pieces. This chip formation in the nozzle can be explained by the fact that, at least at higher temperatures, the phosphate layer is only poorly able to maintain an effective lubricating film between the nozzle and the workpiece material.
Det har ifølge oppfinnelsen vist seg mulig å oppnå used-vanlig gode resultater ved ekstrudering av aluminium eller aluminium-leger inger ved forhøyet temperatur, og dette henger sammen med at det ved behandlingen ifølge oppfinnelsen nettopp muliggjøres å opprettholde en virksom smørefilm mellom dyse og emnemateriale. Selv ved ekstrudering ved værelsetemperatur byr en behandling av emnet ved hjelp av den foreliggende fremgangsmåte på fordeler fremfor fosfatering. Den kan nemlig lette ekstruderingen og gi ekstru-derte produkter med bedre overflatefinhet. According to the invention, it has proven possible to achieve exceptionally good results when extruding aluminum or aluminum alloys at elevated temperature, and this is connected to the fact that the treatment according to the invention precisely makes it possible to maintain an effective lubricating film between the nozzle and the workpiece material. Even when extruding at room temperature, treating the blank using the present method offers advantages over phosphating. Namely, it can facilitate extrusion and produce extruded products with better surface finish.
Oppfinnelsen angår således en fremgangsmåte ved behandling av et emne av aluminium eller en aluminiumlegering beregnet for hydrostatisk ekstrudering, for å forbedre muligheten for på emnets overflate å opprettholde en film av et smøremiddel under ekstruderingen, og fremgangsmåten er særpreget ved at emnet behandles med en opp-løsning inneholdende kromat og fluorid. The invention thus relates to a method for treating a blank of aluminum or an aluminum alloy intended for hydrostatic extrusion, in order to improve the possibility of maintaining a film of a lubricant on the surface of the blank during extrusion, and the method is characterized by the fact that the blank is treated with a solution containing chromate and fluoride.
Som nevnt ovenfor er den foreliggende fremgangsmåte spesielt As mentioned above, the present method is special
fordelaktig i forbindelse med ekstrudering ved forhøyet temperatur. advantageous in connection with extrusion at elevated temperature.
Med uttrykket "aluminiumlegeringer" som anvendt heri er ment å betegne legeringer som inneholder minst 85 vekt% aluminium. Som eksempler på slike legeringer kan nevnes en legering inneholdende 5,5 vekt% Cu, 0,5 vekt% Pb, 0,5 vekt% Bi og resten Al (AA 2011), en legering inneholdende 4,5 vekt% Cu, 1,5 vekt% Mg, 0,6 vekt% Mn og resten Al (AA 2024), en legering inneholdende 5,2 vekt% Mg, The term "aluminium alloys" as used herein is intended to denote alloys containing at least 85% by weight of aluminium. Examples of such alloys include an alloy containing 5.5 wt% Cu, 0.5 wt% Pb, 0.5 wt% Bi and the rest Al (AA 2011), an alloy containing 4.5 wt% Cu, 1, 5 wt% Mg, 0.6 wt% Mn and the rest Al (AA 2024), an alloy containing 5.2 wt% Mg,
0,1 vekt% Mn, 0,1 vekt% Cr og resten Al (AA5056), en legering inneholdende 0,7 vekt% Mg, 0,4 vekt% Si og resten Al (AA 6063), en legering inneholdende 1,0 vekt% Mg, 0,6 vekt% Si, 0,25 vekt% Cu, 0,25 vekt% Cr og resten Al (AA 6061), en legering inneholdende 5,5 vekt% Zn, 2,5 vekt% Mg, 1,5 vekt% Cu, 0,3 vekt% Cr og resten Al (AA 7 075) og en legering'inneholdende 6,8 vekt% Zn, 2,7 vekt% Mn, 2,0 vekt% Cu, 0,3 vekt% Cr og resten Al (AA 7178). 0.1 wt% Mn, 0.1 wt% Cr and the rest Al (AA5056), an alloy containing 0.7 wt% Mg, 0.4 wt% Si and the rest Al (AA 6063), an alloy containing 1.0 wt% Mg, 0.6 wt% Si, 0.25 wt% Cu, 0.25 wt% Cr and the rest Al (AA 6061), an alloy containing 5.5 wt% Zn, 2.5 wt% Mg, 1 .5 wt% Cu, 0.3 wt% Cr and the remainder Al (AA 7 075) and an alloy containing 6.8 wt% Zn, 2.7 wt% Mn, 2.0 wt% Cu, 0.3 wt % Cr and the rest Al (AA 7178).
Som nevnt inneholder behandlingsoppløsningen kromat og fluorid. Med uttrykket "kromat" som anvendt heri er foruten kromat ment å betegne bikromat og kromsyre, og med uttrykket "fluorider" som anvendt heri er foruten enkle fluorider ment å betegne fluss-syre og sammensatte fluorider. Oppløsningen inneholder pr. vektdel kromat, beregnet som CrO^/fluorid i en mengde tilsvarende 0,05-5 vektdeler F, fortrinnsvis tilsvarende 0,1-2 vektdeler F. As mentioned, the treatment solution contains chromate and fluoride. With the term "chromate" as used herein, in addition to chromate, bichromate and chromic acid are intended to be designated, and with the term "fluorides" as used herein, in addition to simple fluorides, hydrofluoric acid and compound fluorides are intended to be designated. The solution contains per parts by weight of chromate, calculated as CrO^/fluoride in an amount corresponding to 0.05-5 parts by weight F, preferably corresponding to 0.1-2 parts by weight F.
Ifølge en foretrukken utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen anvendes som behandlingsoppløsning en vandig oppløsning inneholdende kromsyre (CrO^), kaliumzirkoniumfluorid (I^ZrFg), natriumborfluorid (NaBF^) og rødt blodlutsalt (K^Fe(CN)g)med pr. vektdel kromsyre 0,1-1 vektdel kaliumzirkoniumfluorid, 1-2 vektdeler natrium-borf luorid og 0,5-2 vektdeler rødt blodlutsalt. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an aqueous solution containing chromic acid (CrO^), potassium zirconium fluoride (I^ZrFg), sodium boron fluoride (NaBF^) and red blood lye salt (K^Fe(CN)g) with pr. part by weight chromic acid 0.1-1 part by weight potassium zirconium fluoride, 1-2 parts by weight sodium boron fluoride and 0.5-2 parts by weight red blood lye salt.
En behandlingsoppløsning inneholdende kromat og fluorid gir et forholdsvis tynt belegg på emnet på ca. l^m. Dersom et tyk-kere belegg på en del jt^ m er ønsket, hvilket er en fordel hvis re-duksjonen i emnets tverrsnittsareal ved ekstruderingen er meget stor, kan et slikt belegg erholdes ved til behandlingsoppløsningen å tilsette fosfat foruten kromat og fluorid. Uttrykket "fosfat" som anvendt heri er foruten fosfater ment å betegne fosforsyre. Oppløsningen inneholder da pr. vektdel kromat, beregnet som CrO^>A treatment solution containing chromate and fluoride gives a relatively thin coating on the workpiece of approx. l^m. If a thicker coating of some jt^ m is desired, which is an advantage if the reduction in the cross-sectional area of the workpiece during extrusion is very large, such a coating can be obtained by adding phosphate to the treatment solution in addition to chromate and fluoride. The term "phosphate" as used herein is intended to denote phosphoric acid in addition to phosphates. The solution then contains per part by weight of chromate, calculated as CrO^>
en fluoridmengde tilsvarende 0,05-5 vektdeler F, fortrinnsvis tilsvarende 0,1-2 vektdeler F, og en fosfatmengde tilsvarende-1-5 vektdeler H^PO^, fortrinnsvis tilsvarende 2-4 vektdeler H^PO^. an amount of fluoride corresponding to 0.05-5 parts by weight F, preferably corresponding to 0.1-2 parts by weight F, and an amount of phosphate corresponding to 1-5 parts by weight H^PO^, preferably corresponding to 2-4 parts by weight H^PO^.
Ifølge en fordelaktig utførelsesform av den foreliggende fremgangsmåte anvendes en behandlingsoppløsning bestående av en vandig oppløsning inneholdende kromsyre (CrOg), natrium- og/eller kaliumbifluorid (NaHF2hhv. KHF2) og fosforsyre (H^PO^) med 0,1-1 vektdel alkalimetallbifluorid og 1-5 vektdeler fosforsyre pr. vektdel kromsyre. According to an advantageous embodiment of the present method, a treatment solution is used consisting of an aqueous solution containing chromic acid (CrOg), sodium and/or potassium bifluoride (NaHF2 or KHF2) and phosphoric acid (H^PO^) with 0.1-1 part by weight of alkali metal bifluoride and 1-5 parts by weight of phosphoric acid per part by weight of chromic acid.
Filmen av smøremiddel på emnets overflate kan under visse be-tingelser, spesielt ved liten .reduksjon av emnets tverrsnittsareal ved ekstruderingen, opprettholdes av selve trykkmidlet hvis det har gode smøreegenskaper. Som eksempler på slike trykkmidler kan nevnes vegetabilske oljer, som ricinusolje, palmeolje og rapsolje. Foruten en god smørevirkning byr disse oljer på den fordel av deres viskositet forandres forholdsvis lite med temperaturen. The film of lubricant on the surface of the workpiece can under certain conditions, especially with a small reduction of the cross-sectional area of the workpiece during extrusion, be maintained by the pressure medium itself if it has good lubricating properties. Examples of such pressure agents include vegetable oils, such as castor oil, palm oil and rapeseed oil. In addition to a good lubrication effect, these oils offer the advantage that their viscosity changes relatively little with temperature.
Det er imidlertid vanligvis nødvendig å påføre et spesielt smøremiddel, dvs. av en annen type en trykkmidlet, som et skikt på det med oppløsningen behandlede emne. Som eksempler på smøremidler som er anvendbare ved ekstrudering både ved værelsetemperatur og forhøyet temperatur, kan nevnes blandinger av stearater, f.eks. sinkstearat, mineraloljer med høy viskositet og et findelt, bløtt, uorganisk materiale, som kritt eller talkum, og grafitt og molybden-disulfid. De to sistnevnte smøremidler kan anvendes dersom en mørk-farving av overflaten er tillatelig. Ved ekstrudering ved værelsetemperatur er det, spesielt hvis arealreduksjonen er liten og emnematerialet ikke for hårdt, også mulig å anvende voks, som bivoks. Trykkmidlet kan bl.a. være en vegetabilsk olje av den ovenfor som eksempel nevnte type. However, it is usually necessary to apply a special lubricant, i.e. of a different type to the pressure agent, as a layer on the workpiece treated with the solution. As examples of lubricants which can be used in extrusion both at room temperature and elevated temperature, mixtures of stearates can be mentioned, e.g. zinc stearate, high viscosity mineral oils and a finely divided soft inorganic material, such as chalk or talc, and graphite and molybdenum disulfide. The two latter lubricants can be used if a dark coloring of the surface is permissible. When extruding at room temperature, it is also possible to use wax, such as beeswax, especially if the area reduction is small and the workpiece material is not too hard. The pressure medium can i.a. be a vegetable oil of the type mentioned above as an example.
Oppfinnelsen vil bli nærmere forklart ved hjelp av et ut-førelseseksempel under henvisning til tegningen som viser en an-ordning for hydrostatisk ekstrudering av et emne behandlet ved hjelp av den foreliggende fremgangsmåte. The invention will be explained in more detail by means of an embodiment with reference to the drawing which shows an arrangement for hydrostatic extrusion of a blank treated by means of the present method.
Anordningen ifølge tegningen inneholder et ekstruderingsbord 1 og et stempel 2 som er anordnet i en ikke vist hydraulisk presse ine^ en sylinder med et stempel for manøvrering av stemplet 2. Anordningen inneholder dessuten en sylinder 3 og en dyse 4 med åpningen 5. Ekstruderingsbordet har et gjennomgående hull 6 uten-for dysens åpning. I sylinderen er innført et emne 7 av en aluminiumlegering, f.eks. en legering inneholdende 5,5% Zn, 2,5% Mg, 1,5% Cu, 0,3% Cr og resten Al (AA 7075). Rundt emnet anvendes ricinusolje som trykkmiddel 8. Emnet 7 er ved sin nedre del 9 blitt gitt en form som tilnærmet tilsvarer formen for dysens innløps-kjegle 10. Mellom dysen og sylinderen og mellom stemplet og sylinderen er pakninger 11 hhv. 12 anordnet. Ekstruderingen av emnematerialet 7 gjennom dysens 4 hull 5 under dannelse av et stang-formig produkt erholdes ved å føre stemplet 2 nedad. Et egnet trykk i trykkmidlet ved ekstruderingen er 500-1500 MPa. Før emnet 7 The device according to the drawing contains an extrusion table 1 and a piston 2 which is arranged in a not shown hydraulic press ine^ a cylinder with a piston for maneuvering the piston 2. The device also contains a cylinder 3 and a nozzle 4 with the opening 5. The extrusion table has a through hole 6 outside the nozzle opening. A blank 7 of an aluminum alloy, e.g. an alloy containing 5.5% Zn, 2.5% Mg, 1.5% Cu, 0.3% Cr and the rest Al (AA 7075). Around the blank, castor oil is used as a pressure medium 8. The blank 7 has been given a shape at its lower part 9 that roughly corresponds to the shape of the nozzle's inlet cone 10. Between the nozzle and the cylinder and between the piston and the cylinder are gaskets 11 and 12 arranged. The extrusion of the blank material 7 through the hole 5 of the nozzle 4 to form a rod-shaped product is obtained by moving the piston 2 downwards. A suitable pressure in the pressure medium during extrusion is 500-1500 MPa. Before the topic 7
det the
plasseres i ekstruderanordningen, underkastes dels en behandling ved hjelp av den. foreliggende fremgangsmåte, som kan utføres på den nedenfor beskrevne måte, og dels en oppvarming til 100-300°C, fortrinnsvis ca. 200°C. is placed in the extruder device, is partly subjected to a treatment using it. present method, which can be carried out in the manner described below, and partly a heating to 100-300°C, preferably approx. 200°C.
Behandlingen av emnet ved hjelp av den foreliggende fremgangsmåte begynner med at emnet renses, f.eks. ved beising med natriumhydroxyd fulgt av skylling med varm og dypping i fluss-syre eller salpetersyre fulgt av en ny skylling. Denne rensing kan eventuelt gjentas én-eller flere ganger. Emnet, kan også renses ved blåsing med aluminiumoxydpulver. En egnet størrelse for blåse-pulveret er 60-200 mesh (0,25-0,07 mm). Det rensede emne dyppes derefter i en oppløsning inneholdende 20 0 g kromsyre (CrO^), The treatment of the blank by means of the present method begins with the blank being cleaned, e.g. by pickling with sodium hydroxide followed by rinsing with hot and dipping in hydrofluoric acid or nitric acid followed by another rinse. This cleaning can possibly be repeated one or more times. The workpiece can also be cleaned by blasting with aluminum oxide powder. A suitable size for the blowing powder is 60-200 mesh (0.25-0.07 mm). The cleaned blank is then dipped in a solution containing 20 0 g of chromic acid (CrO^),
300 g natriumborfluorid (NaBF^), 90 g kaliumzirkoniumfluorid (I<2ZrF6) og 200 g rødt blodlutsalt (KgFe (CN) g) pr. 100 1 vann i noen minutter ved ca. 50°C. Efter skylling tørkes emnet. Derefter på-føres på emnets overflate et skikt av et smøremiddel bestående av en blanding av 3 vektdeler sinkstearat, 25 vektdeler mineralolje med høy viskositet og 72 vektdeler finpulverisert kritt. Krittet kan erstattes med et annet finpulverisert, uorganisk materiale, som talkum. Efter oppvarming av emnet til ca. 22 5°C anbringes det i ekstruderanordningen som vist på tegningen. 300 g sodium boron fluoride (NaBF^), 90 g potassium zirconium fluoride (I<2ZrF6) and 200 g red blood lye salt (KgFe (CN) g) per 100 1 water for a few minutes at approx. 50°C. After rinsing, the item is dried. A layer of a lubricant consisting of a mixture of 3 parts by weight of zinc stearate, 25 parts by weight of high viscosity mineral oil and 72 parts by weight of finely powdered chalk is then applied to the surface of the workpiece. The chalk can be replaced with another finely powdered, inorganic material, such as talc. After heating the subject to approx. 22 5°C it is placed in the extruder device as shown in the drawing.
Istedenfor den ovenfor beskrevne behandlingsoppløsning kan en oppløsning anvendes sonrpr. 100 1 vann inneholder 1500 g kromsyre (CrOg), 100 g natriumhydrogenfluorid (NaHF^), 300 g kalium-hydrogenfluorid (KHF^) og 4000 g fosforsyre (H^PO^). Rensingen av emnet, påføringen av oppløsningen og påføringen av et smøremiddel kan utføres på samme måte som ved behandling med den tidligere an-gitte oppløsning. Instead of the treatment solution described above, a solution can be used separately. 100 1 water contains 1500 g chromic acid (CrOg), 100 g sodium hydrogen fluoride (NaHF^), 300 g potassium hydrogen fluoride (KHF^) and 4000 g phosphoric acid (H^PO^). The cleaning of the workpiece, the application of the solution and the application of a lubricant can be carried out in the same way as for treatment with the previously stated solution.
Ved ekstrudering av rør er det gunstig på kjent måte å an-ordne et sentralt, aksialt hull i emnet og en dor i ekstruderanordningen som passerer gjennom dette hull og ned i dysehullet. Det er da gunstig å behandle også hullets overflater ved hjelp av den foreliggende fremgangsmåte før emnet ekstruderes. When extruding pipes, it is advantageous in a known manner to arrange a central, axial hole in the workpiece and a mandrel in the extruder device which passes through this hole and down into the nozzle hole. It is then advantageous to also treat the surfaces of the hole using the present method before the workpiece is extruded.
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE7405605A SE396024B (en) | 1974-04-26 | 1974-04-26 | BY HYDROSTATIC EXTRACTION OF THE SUBSTANCE OF ALUMINUM OR ALUMINUM ALLOY |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO751464L true NO751464L (en) | 1975-10-28 |
Family
ID=20320960
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO751464A NO751464L (en) | 1974-04-26 | 1975-04-24 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS50149570A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2516611A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2268875A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO751464L (en) |
SE (1) | SE396024B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2522397B2 (en) * | 1989-03-27 | 1996-08-07 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Small diameter long pipe material manufacturing method |
WO1991013186A1 (en) * | 1990-02-21 | 1991-09-05 | Henkel Corporation | Conversion treatment method and composition for aluminum and aluminum alloys |
MX2022009787A (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2022-09-09 | Henkel Ag & Co Kgaa | Bismuth compositions for metal pretreatment applications. |
-
1974
- 1974-04-26 SE SE7405605A patent/SE396024B/en unknown
-
1975
- 1975-04-16 DE DE19752516611 patent/DE2516611A1/en active Pending
- 1975-04-18 FR FR7512154A patent/FR2268875A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1975-04-23 JP JP50049582A patent/JPS50149570A/ja active Pending
- 1975-04-24 NO NO751464A patent/NO751464L/no unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE396024B (en) | 1977-09-05 |
FR2268875A1 (en) | 1975-11-21 |
SE7405605L (en) | 1975-10-27 |
JPS50149570A (en) | 1975-11-29 |
DE2516611A1 (en) | 1975-11-13 |
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