NO339809B1 - Stable solid dispersion of a derivative of angular alkaloid and process for its preparation - Google Patents
Stable solid dispersion of a derivative of angular alkaloid and process for its preparation Download PDFInfo
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- NO339809B1 NO339809B1 NO20073316A NO20073316A NO339809B1 NO 339809 B1 NO339809 B1 NO 339809B1 NO 20073316 A NO20073316 A NO 20073316A NO 20073316 A NO20073316 A NO 20073316A NO 339809 B1 NO339809 B1 NO 339809B1
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- dispersion
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- polyethylene glycol
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000007962 solid dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title description 3
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 title 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007903 gelatin capsule Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940122803 Vinca alkaloid Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 8
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- GBABOYUKABKIAF-GHYRFKGUSA-N vinorelbine Chemical class C1N(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=22)CC(CC)=C[C@H]1C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C1=CC([C@]23[C@H]([C@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(CC)C=CCN([C@H]34)CC2)(O)C(=O)OC)N2C)=C2C=C1OC GBABOYUKABKIAF-GHYRFKGUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- GBABOYUKABKIAF-IELIFDKJSA-N vinorelbine Chemical class C1N(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=22)CC(CC)=C[C@H]1C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C1=CC([C@]23[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(CC)C=CCN([C@H]34)CC2)(O)C(=O)OC)N2C)=C2C=C1OC GBABOYUKABKIAF-IELIFDKJSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229960002066 vinorelbine Drugs 0.000 description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 UFT Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000863480 Vinca Species 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940093430 polyethylene glycol 1500 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000118 anti-neoplastic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical class CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000223678 Aureobasidium pullulans Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010006187 Breast cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026310 Breast neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GAGWJHPBXLXJQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Capecitabine Chemical class C1=C(F)C(NC(=O)OCCCCC)=NC(=O)N1C1C(O)C(O)C(C)O1 GAGWJHPBXLXJQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAGWJHPBXLXJQN-UORFTKCHSA-N Capecitabine Chemical class C1=C(F)C(NC(=O)OCCCCC)=NC(=O)N1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O1 GAGWJHPBXLXJQN-UORFTKCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclophosphamide Chemical compound ClCCN(CCCl)P1(=O)NCCCO1 CMSMOCZEIVJLDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010015866 Extravasation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010059024 Gastrointestinal toxicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XDXDZDZNSLXDNA-TZNDIEGXSA-N Idarubicin Chemical compound C1[C@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1C2=C(O)C(C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C3=O)=C3C(O)=C2C[C@@](O)(C(C)=O)C1 XDXDZDZNSLXDNA-TZNDIEGXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDXDZDZNSLXDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Idarubicin Natural products C1C(N)C(O)C(C)OC1OC1C2=C(O)C(C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C3=O)=C3C(O)=C2CC(O)(C(C)=O)C1 XDXDZDZNSLXDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010023774 Large cell lung cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Poloxamer Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1 RVGRUAULSDPKGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethyl citrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)OCC DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004243 Tubulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000704 Tubulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960004117 capecitabine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960004397 cyclophosphamide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001085 cytostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- VJJPUSNTGOMMGY-MRVIYFEKSA-N etoposide Chemical compound COC1=C(O)C(OC)=CC([C@@H]2C3=CC=4OCOC=4C=C3[C@@H](O[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O[C@H](C)OC[C@H]4O3)O)[C@@H]3[C@@H]2C(OC3)=O)=C1 VJJPUSNTGOMMGY-MRVIYFEKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005420 etoposide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000036251 extravasation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005754 fluoropyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000414 gastrointestinal toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001087 glyceryl triacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000908 idarubicin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000009546 lung large cell carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003146 methacrylic ester copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JJKOFRAGANXXBA-KOPZUOMRSA-N methyl (13S,17S)-17-ethyl-13-[(1'R,4S,9'R,11'R)-12'-ethyl-11'-hydroxy-5'-methoxy-8'-methyl-5-oxospiro[1,3-dioxolane-4,10'-8,16-diazapentacyclo[10.6.1.01,9.02,7.016,19]nonadeca-2,4,6,13-tetraene]-4'-yl]-17-hydroxy-1,11-diazatetracyclo[13.3.1.04,12.05,10]nonadeca-4(12),5,7,9-tetraene-13-carboxylate Chemical compound O([C@]12[C@H](O)C3(CC)C=CCN4CC[C@@]5(C34)[C@H]1N(C)C1=C5C=C(C(=C1)OC)[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C3=C(C4=CC=CC=C4N3)CCN3CC(C1)C[C@@](C3)(O)CC)COC2=O JJKOFRAGANXXBA-KOPZUOMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940086322 navelbine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000502 poloxamer Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113116 polyethylene glycol 1000 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940093429 polyethylene glycol 6000 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001069 triethyl citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl citrate Natural products CCOC(=O)C(O)(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013769 triethyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CILBMBUYJCWATM-PYGJLNRPSA-N vinorelbine ditartrate Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O.C1N(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=22)CC(CC)=C[C@H]1C[C@]2(C(=O)OC)C1=CC([C@]23[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@]4(CC)C=CCN([C@H]34)CC2)(O)C(=O)OC)N2C)=C2C=C1OC CILBMBUYJCWATM-PYGJLNRPSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/2031—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår faste og stabile dispersjoner av hydrooppløselige derivater av vinkaalkaloider og mer spesielt derivater av vinorelbin, særlig vinorelbinditartrat i minst én polyetylenglykol, som er ment å inkorporeres i farmasøytiske sammensetninger for oral administrering av et slikt vinkaderivat. The present invention relates to solid and stable dispersions of hydrosoluble derivatives of vinca alkaloids and more particularly derivatives of vinorelbine, especially vinorelbinide tartrate in at least one polyethylene glycol, which are intended to be incorporated into pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration of such a vinca derivative.
Antineoplastisk kjemoterapi bli initielt utviklet ved å bruke intravenøse metoder. Argumentene som støtter denne administreringsmetode er: Antineoplastic chemotherapy was initially developed using intravenous methods. The arguments supporting this administration method are:
- mindre gastrointestinal toksisitet, - less gastrointestinal toxicity,
- total biotilgjengelighet, og - total bioavailability, and
- potensielt lavere inter og intra pasienteksponeringsvariasjoner enn med en oral metode. - potentially lower inter and intra patient exposure variations than with an oral method.
Den intravenøse metoden er imidlertid assosiert med alvorlige ulemper som begrenser dens anvendelse: morbiditeten til venetilgangen, mulige komplikasjoner av sentrale venekanaler (infeksjon, trombose), risikoen for ekstravasasjon. However, the intravenous method is associated with serious disadvantages that limit its use: the morbidity of the venous access, possible complications of central venous channels (infection, thrombosis), the risk of extravasation.
I mange år har orale former av antineoplastisk kjemoterapi utviklet seg i økende grad på grunn av den virkelige fordelen som er mulig for pasienten. Videre fører farmakoøkonomiske vurderinger som er blitt i økende grad viktig ved valg av terapeutiske strategier, også mot utvikling av orale behandlinger. For many years, oral forms of antineoplastic chemotherapy have been increasingly developed because of the real benefit that is possible for the patient. Furthermore, pharmacoeconomic assessments, which have become increasingly important when choosing therapeutic strategies, also lead to the development of oral treatments.
Betydelig eksplorerende arbeid er blitt utført på den mulige anvendelse av molekyler ment for behandling av kreft og administrert gjennom munnen, for ytterligere aktive prinsipp (f.eks. etoposid, syklofosfamid og idarubicin), nye syntetiske derivater av fluorpyridiner (f.eks. UFT, kapecitabin, S-l), derivater av platina (f.eks. JM-216) eller vinkaalkaloider (f.eks. vinorelbin). Considerable exploratory work has been carried out on the possible application of molecules intended for the treatment of cancer and administered orally, for additional active principles (e.g. etoposide, cyclophosphamide and idarubicin), new synthetic derivatives of fluoropyridines (e.g. UFT, capecitabine, S-l), derivatives of platinum (eg JM-216) or vinca alkaloids (eg vinorelbine).
Derfor angår denne oppfinnelsen også stabile farmasøytiske sammensetninger for oral administrering av vinkaalkaloider, og spesielt vinorelbin i dispergert form. Therefore, this invention also relates to stable pharmaceutical compositions for oral administration of vinca alkaloids, and in particular vinorelbine in dispersed form.
Vinorelbin eller 3'4'-didehydro-4'-desoksy-8'-norvinkaleukoblastin er et alkaloidderivat av vinka som utviser en cytostatisk virkning ved inhibisjon av polymerisering av tubulin. Vinorelbine or 3'4'-didehydro-4'-deoxy-8'-norvincaleucoblastine is an alkaloid derivative of vinca that exhibits a cytostatic effect by inhibiting the polymerization of tubulin.
Vinorelbin, og mer spesielt et salt av vinorelbin, vinorelbinditartrat, er også aktiv ved behandling av storcelle lungekreft og brystkreft. En injiserbar form ble markedsført for første gang i Frankrike i 1989. Den er nå markedsført over hele verden i form av en oppløsning som skal fortynnes før perfusjon, til en konsentrasjon på 10 mg/ml uttrykt i basisk vinorelbin og fordelt i flasker med enhetsvolumer på 1 og 5 ml. Vinorelbine, and more particularly a salt of vinorelbine, vinorelbin tartrate, is also active in the treatment of large cell lung cancer and breast cancer. An injectable form was first marketed in France in 1989. It is now marketed worldwide as a solution to be diluted before perfusion to a concentration of 10 mg/ml expressed in basic vinorelbine and distributed in bottles with unit volumes of 1 and 5 ml.
Mer nylig ble en oral formulering av vinorelbin i oppløsning utviklet og plassert på markedet under navnet NAVELBINE Oral<®>myke kapsler. Det er i form av en myk gelatinkapsel som inneholder vinorelbinditartrat og en eksipientblanding som omfatter polyetylenglykol, glyserol, etanol og vann. Den gjennomsnittelige molekylære masse til polyetylenglykol er mellom 200 og 600: disse er flytende polyetylenglykoler så som MACROGOL 400. Enhetsdoser uttrykt i basisk vinorelbin er mellom 5 mg og 100 mg, og mer fordelaktig lik 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg og 80 mg. More recently, an oral formulation of vinorelbine in solution was developed and placed on the market under the name NAVELBINE Oral<®>soft capsules. It is in the form of a soft gelatin capsule containing vinorel binding tartrate and an excipient mixture comprising polyethylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol and water. The average molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is between 200 and 600: these are liquid polyethylene glycols such as MACROGOL 400. Unit doses expressed in basic vinorelbine are between 5 mg and 100 mg, and more advantageously equal to 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg and 80 mg.
Disse myke kapsler ble beskrevet i en patentsøknad R.P. Scherer Technologies, Inc. WO 03/101383. WO 01/95939 A beskriver faste dispersjoner av et aktivt prinsipp med poloxamer og PEG. These soft capsules were described in a patent application R.P. Scherer Technologies, Inc. WO 03/101383. WO 01/95939 A describes solid dispersions of an active principle with poloxamer and PEG.
Farmasøytiske sammensetninger i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse er ment for oral administrering av alkaloidderivater av vinka og særlig vinorelbin, i dispergert form. De inneholder det hydrooppløselige derivatet av vinkaalkaloid, fordelaktig et salt av vinorelbin, og mer spesielt ditartrat dispergert i halvfaste eller faste polyetylenglykoler. Pharmaceutical compositions according to the present invention are intended for oral administration of alkaloid derivatives of vinca and especially vinorelbine, in dispersed form. They contain the hydro-soluble derivative of vinca alkaloid, advantageously a salt of vinorelbine, and more particularly the ditartrate dispersed in semi-solid or solid polyethylene glycols.
Mer presist er den stabile faste dispersjon i henhold til oppfinnelsen assosiert med et hydrooppløselig derivat av vinkaalkaloid, spesielt i minst én polyetylenglykol med en molekylær masse mellom 1000 og 6000, hvor forholdet mellom massene av det hydrooppløselige derivatet av vinkaalkaloider og mer spesielt for det første vinorelbinditartrat, og for det andre polyetylenglykol, mellom 1,5:1 og 1:10, og fortrinnsvis mellom 1:3 og 1:6. More precisely, the stable solid dispersion according to the invention is associated with a hydro-soluble derivative of vinca alkaloid, in particular in at least one polyethylene glycol with a molecular mass between 1000 and 6000, where the ratio between the masses of the hydro-soluble derivative of vinca alkaloids and more particularly for the first vinorel bind tartrate , and secondly polyethylene glycol, between 1.5:1 and 1:10, and preferably between 1:3 and 1:6.
Polyetylenglykoler kan ha en gjennomsnittlig molekylær masse som er større enn ca. 800. Når den molekylære masse er mellom 800 og 2000, er de i halvfast form, og når den molekylære masse er høyere er de i fast form. De er differensiert fra hverandre ved smeltepunktet, som angitt i tabellen nedenfor. Polyethylene glycols can have an average molecular mass greater than approx. 800. When the molecular mass is between 800 and 2000, they are in semi-solid form, and when the molecular mass is higher they are in solid form. They are differentiated from each other by the melting point, as indicated in the table below.
Disse dispersjoner av derivatet av vinkaalkaloider eller salter av vinorelbin i polyetylenglykoler i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse danner en fast dispersjon. Generelt er anvendelse av teknologien til de faste dispersjoner i domenet for den farmasøytiske formuleringen kjent. Den første grunnen for utvikling av faste dispersjoner er basert på den muligheten av å forbedre oppløsningen og derfor potensielt biotilgjengeligheten til aktive prinsipp som ikke er meget oppløselige i vann og som blir administrert gjennom munnen. These dispersions of the derivative of vinca alkaloids or salts of vinorelbine in polyethylene glycols according to the present invention form a solid dispersion. In general, application of the technology to the solid dispersions in the domain of the pharmaceutical formulation is known. The first reason for the development of solid dispersions is based on the possibility of improving the dissolution and therefore potentially the bioavailability of active principles that are not very soluble in water and that are administered orally.
Anvendelse av hydrofile polymerer så som polyetylenglykoler, polyvinylpyrrolidon eller cellulosederivater har en tendens mot denne hydrooppløseligheten. Innenfor sammenhengen av foreliggende oppfinnelse er faste dispersjoner ikke anvendt med den hensikt å øke oppløselighetsgraden til aktive bestanddeler. Hydrooppløselige derivater av vinkaalkaloider og spesielt vinorelbinsalter, og mer spesielt ditartrat, er meget oppløselige i vann og deres fuktbarhetsegenskaper forårsaker ikke noe problem. The use of hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene glycols, polyvinylpyrrolidone or cellulose derivatives tends towards this hydrosolubility. Within the context of the present invention, solid dispersions are not used with the intention of increasing the degree of solubility of active ingredients. Water-soluble derivatives of vinca alkaloids and especially vinorelbine salts, and more particularly ditartrate, are very soluble in water and their wettability properties do not cause any problem.
Imidlertid er uventet galeniske former av hydrooppløselige derivater av vinkaalkaloider og særlig vinorelbinsalter i henhold til oppfinnelsen meget stabile. However, unexpectedly galenic forms of hydrosoluble derivatives of vinca alkaloids and especially vinorelbine salts according to the invention are very stable.
Således må vinorelbinditartrat holdes på en temperatur under -15°C, uten hensyn til dens form (amorf eller krystallinsk) og dens grad av oppdeling (umalt, malt eller mikronisert). Thus, vinorelbindi tartrate must be kept at a temperature below -15°C, regardless of its form (amorphous or crystalline) and its degree of division (unground, ground or micronized).
På den annen side kan oppløsninger av vinorelbinditartrat bli holdt ved temperaturer mellom +5°C og +3°C. Dette er tilfelle både for den injiserbare vannbaserte oppløsning for injiserbare preparater, og fylloppløsning sammensatt av flytende polyetylenglykol, glyserol, etanol og vann i de myke kapsler. Derfor synes det som om solubiliseringsoperasjonen var ansvarlig for bedre stabilitet. On the other hand, solutions of vinorel bindide tartrate can be kept at temperatures between +5°C and +3°C. This is the case both for the injectable water-based solution for injectable preparations, and the filling solution composed of liquid polyethylene glycol, glycerol, ethanol and water in the soft capsules. Therefore, it seems that the solubilization operation was responsible for better stability.
Overraskende er i de farmasøytiske sammensetninger i henhold til oppfinnelsen hydrooppløselige derivater av vinkaalkaloider og særlig vinorelbinditartrat som er i den dispergerte pulvertilstand, minst så stabil eller til og med enda mer stabil enn de myke kapslene som de er oppløst i. Surprisingly, in the pharmaceutical compositions according to the invention, hydrosoluble derivatives of vinca alkaloids and especially vinorelbindi tartrate which are in the dispersed powder state, are at least as stable or even more stable than the soft capsules in which they are dissolved.
Fremstilling av dispersjoner av hydrooppløselige derivater av vinkaalkaloider og Preparation of dispersions of hydro-soluble derivatives of vinca alkaloids and
særlig vinorelbin, og mer særlig vinorelbinditartrat, begynner alltid med en blanding av disse aktive prinsipper med polyetylenglykol i smeltet tilstand. For å oppnå dette vil nevnte polyetylenglykol først oppvarmes til en temperatur som er noe større enn dens smeltetemperatur for å bringe den inn i en flytende tilstand slik at det kan blandes med det hydrooppløselige derivatet av vinkaalkaloider under omrøring. Prosessen avsluttes med en avkjølingsoperasjon av nevnte dispersjon for å bringe den inn i en fast tilstand. Hvis et polyetylenglykol med en høyere molar masse blir anvendt, vil det fortrinnsvis varmes opp i nærvær av et plastifiserende middel, som vil bringe nevnte faste polyetylen inn i flytende tilstand uten å overskride en temperatur i størrelsesorden på 80°C. particularly vinorelbine, and more particularly vinorelbinide tartrate, always begins with a mixture of these active principles with polyethylene glycol in a molten state. To achieve this, said polyethylene glycol will first be heated to a temperature somewhat greater than its melting temperature to bring it into a liquid state so that it can be mixed with the hydro-soluble derivative of vinca alkaloids while stirring. The process ends with a cooling operation of said dispersion to bring it into a solid state. If a polyethylene glycol with a higher molar mass is used, it will preferably be heated in the presence of a plasticizing agent, which will bring said solid polyethylene into a liquid state without exceeding a temperature of the order of 80°C.
Det første trinn i fremstilling av den faste dispersjonen kan fordelaktig gjøres som følger: - enten diskontinuerlig: fremstilling i en tank før fordeling av blandingen f.eks. i harde gelatinkapsler eller ved anvendelse av teknikker så som støpeinjeksjon, - eller kontinuerlig ved å bruke varme ekstrusjonsteknikker. Disse teknikkene har to fordeler: • konsentrasjonen av det aktive prinsipp i den avsluttende blanding kan være så høy som 60 %, som f.eks. tillater store enhetsdoser, • lagringstiden til det aktive prinsipp i ekstruderen, for hvilke varigheten av dens eksponering til høye temperaturer er kort slik at et vinorelbinsalt kan brukes skjønt det er følsomt for varme med polyetylenglykoler med en høy molekylær masse. The first step in the production of the solid dispersion can advantageously be done as follows: - either discontinuously: production in a tank before distribution of the mixture, e.g. in hard gelatin capsules or using techniques such as injection molding, - or continuously using hot extrusion techniques. These techniques have two advantages: • the concentration of the active principle in the final mixture can be as high as 60%, as e.g. allows large unit doses, • the storage time of the active principle in the extruder, for which the duration of its exposure to high temperatures is short so that a vinorelbine salt can be used although it is sensitive to heat with polyethylene glycols of a high molecular mass.
Dispersjonene oppnådd kan være i en oppdelt form, f.eks. i form av pellets, eller i monolyttisk form, f.eks. i form av tabletter. For å beskytte fremstillingspersonell eller pasienten fra risiko for eksponering til cytotoksiske vinorelbinsalter vil de endelige farmasøytiske former fordeles i harde gelatinkapsler eller de vil utgjøres av belagte tabletter. The dispersions obtained may be in a divided form, e.g. in the form of pellets, or in monolithic form, e.g. in the form of tablets. To protect manufacturing personnel or the patient from the risk of exposure to cytotoxic vinorelbine salts, the final pharmaceutical forms will be dispensed in hard gelatin capsules or they will consist of coated tablets.
Etter blanding og avkjøling gir polyetylenglykol og vinorelbin en masse som kan behandles forskjellig som en funksjon av den spesielle form som skal bli resultatet. Den kan direkte helles i de harde gelatinkapsler for å fremstilles i en monolittisk form etter at de nevnte harde gelatinkapsler er blitt avkjølt. Tradisjonelt er de harde gelatinkapsler sammensatt av gelatin, hydroksypropylmetylcellulose eller ekstracellulær bakteriell polysakkarid oppnådd ved å bruke Aureobasidium pullulans, kjent under navnet pullulan. After mixing and cooling, polyethylene glycol and vinorelbine give a mass that can be processed differently as a function of the particular shape to be produced. It can be directly poured into the hard gelatin capsules to be produced in a monolithic form after said hard gelatin capsules have been cooled. Traditionally, the hard gelatin capsules are composed of gelatin, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or extracellular bacterial polysaccharide obtained by using Aureobasidium pullulans, known under the name pullulan.
I henhold til én variant av prosessen i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse, blir den stabile faste dispersjonen ekstrudert for å oppnå pellets som skal brukes til å fremstille harde gelatinkapsler eller tabletter. I det siste tilfellet blir belegging foretatt under den aktuelle fremstillingsoperasjonen, f.eks. ved å bruke en samekstruderteknikk, hvor dispersjonen blir effektivt sam ekstrudert med en naturlig eller syntetisk filmdannende polymer for å oppnå filmbelagte tabletter direkte. According to one variant of the process according to the present invention, the stable solid dispersion is extruded to obtain pellets to be used to prepare hard gelatin capsules or tablets. In the latter case, coating is carried out during the relevant manufacturing operation, e.g. using a co-extruder technique, where the dispersion is effectively co-extruded with a natural or synthetic film-forming polymer to obtain film-coated tablets directly.
Som en variant kan denne type beleggingsoperasjon også utføres under et senere ytterligere fremstillingstrinn, f.eks. som krever fluidisert luftsjikt eller turb i db el egging stekni kker. As a variant, this type of coating operation can also be carried out during a later further manufacturing step, e.g. which requires a fluidized air layer or turb i db electric egg laying techniques.
I begge beleggingsvarianter kan belegging fordelaktig oppnås ved å bruke en filmdannende polymer, med naturlig eller syntetisk opprinnelse, og særlig cellulosederivater så som hydroksypropylmetylcellulose, hydroksypropylcellulose eller akrylester eller modifisert metakrylesterkopolymerer eller polyetylenglykoler med høy molekylvekt. In both coating variants, coating can advantageously be achieved by using a film-forming polymer, of natural or synthetic origin, and in particular cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose or acrylic ester or modified methacrylic ester copolymers or high molecular weight polyethylene glycols.
Når de nevnte stabile faste dispersjonene bruker polyetylenglykoler med lav molekylmasse (800-2000), kan tekniske tilsettinger så som strukturerende midler, og særlig silika, polyetylenoksid, mikrokrystallinsk cellulose, tilsettes. Proporsjonene hvori disse ytterligere strukturerende midler vil være tilstede varierer mellom 0,05 % og 10 %, og fortrinnsvis mellom 0,5 % og 5 %. When the aforementioned stable solid dispersions use polyethylene glycols with a low molecular weight (800-2000), technical additions such as structuring agents, and in particular silica, polyethylene oxide, microcrystalline cellulose, can be added. The proportions in which these additional structuring agents will be present vary between 0.05% and 10%, and preferably between 0.5% and 5%.
Avslutningsvis skal det bemerkes at når polyetylenglykoler med en høy molekylmasse blir brukt, kan det være fordelaktig å tilsette plastifiserende midler for å unngå en utstrakt økning i smeltetemperaturen slik at de kan oppnås i flytende tilstand i sammenheng med den første blandeoperasjonen med vinkaderivater. Eksempler på plastifiserende midler inkluderer estersitrater, triacetin, etc. In conclusion, it should be noted that when polyethylene glycols with a high molecular weight are used, it may be advantageous to add plasticizers to avoid an extensive increase in the melting temperature so that they can be obtained in a liquid state in the context of the first mixing operation with vinca derivatives. Examples of plasticizers include ester citrates, triacetin, etc.
De følgende eksempler beskriver noen mulige formuleringer og fremstillingsprosesser: The following examples describe some possible formulations and manufacturing processes:
Eksempel 1: Example 1:
Anvendelse av en halvfast polyetylenglykol involverer inkorporering av et struktureringsmiddel så som silika, som beskrevet i følgende sammensetning: Use of a semi-solid polyethylene glycol involves the incorporation of a structuring agent such as silica, as described in the following composition:
Vinorelbinditartrat (i amorf form) 55,40 mg Vinorelbind tartrate (in amorphous form) 55.40 mg
i.e. vinorelbin 40,00 mg i.e. vinorelbine 40.00 mg
Silika 3,00 mg Silica 3.00 mg
Polyetylenglykol 1000 qsq 330,00 mg Polyethylene glycol 1000 qsq 330.00 mg
Fremstillingen ble gjort diskontinuerlig ved å bruke en preliminær varm blanding i en tank før fordeling i gelatinkapsler. The preparation was made discontinuous by using a preliminary warm mixture in a tank before dispensing into gelatin capsules.
Eksempel 2: Example 2:
Anvendelse av en fast polyetylenglykol med et høyt smeltepunkt nødvendiggjør anvendelse av et plastifiserende middel og anvendelse av en varm ekstrusjonsfremstillingsprosess. Use of a solid polyethylene glycol with a high melting point necessitates the use of a plasticizer and the use of a hot extrusion manufacturing process.
Den følgende varme blanding ble fremstilt kontinuerlig i en samekstruder med en dobbel skrue: The following hot mixture was produced continuously in a twin-screw co-extruder:
Vinorelbinditartrat (i amorf form) 55,40 mg Vinorelbind tartrate (in amorphous form) 55.40 mg
i.e. vinorelbin 40,00 mg i.e. vinorelbine 40.00 mg
Trietylsitrat 6,00 mg Triethyl citrate 6.00 mg
Polyetylenglykol 6000 qsq 150,00 mg Polyethylene glycol 6000 qsq 150.00 mg
Eksempel 3 nedenfor gir en fullstendig illustrering av denne oppfinnelsen og beskriver en produksjonsprosess. Den angår en gelatinkapsel som inneholder 40 mg vinorelbin dispergert i polyetylenglykol 1500. Example 3 below provides a complete illustration of this invention and describes a manufacturing process. It concerns a gelatin capsule containing 40 mg of vinorelbine dispersed in polyethylene glycol 1500.
Eksempel 3: Example 3:
Den nøyaktige sammensetningen av innholdene er: The exact composition of the contents is:
Vinorelbinditartrat (i amorf form) 55,40 mg Vinorelbind tartrate (in amorphous form) 55.40 mg
i.e. vinoerlbin 40,00 mg i.e. vinoerlbine 40.00 mg
Polyetylenglykol 1500 qsq 330,00 mg Polyethylene glycol 1500 qsq 330.00 mg
Størrelse 2 gelatinkapsel 1 Size 2 gelatin capsule 1
Fremstillingsprosessen inkluderer følgende trinn: The manufacturing process includes the following steps:
- polyetylenglykol 1500 blir oppvarmet til en temperatur på mellom 55°C og 60°C, - polyethylene glycol 1500 is heated to a temperature of between 55°C and 60°C,
- dispersjon under mekanisk omrøring av vinorelbinditartrat, - dispersion under mechanical stirring of vinorelbindi tartrate,
- oppfylling i størrelse 2 harde gelatinkapsler, med 330 mg av blanding pr. hard gelatinkapsel, - filling in size 2 hard gelatin capsules, with 330 mg of mixture per hard gelatin capsule,
-avkjøling til omgivelsestemperatur. - cooling to ambient temperature.
Den essensielle bestanddel av gelatinkapselboksen er en hydrofil polymer som, som nevnt ovenfor, kan være gelatin eller hydroksypropylmetylcellulose (HPMC) eller pullulan. The essential component of the gelatin capsule box is a hydrophilic polymer which, as mentioned above, can be gelatin or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) or pullulan.
Det er ikke nødvendig å forsegle gelatinkapslene siden ingen lekkasje skjer under lagring. Med hensyn på cytotoksisiteten av vinorelbin er det imidlertid anbefalt at den bør forsegles av sikkerhetsgrunner. Dette blir gjort enten ved strekkpakking, eller ved spraying med en hydroalkoholspray. There is no need to seal the gelatin capsules as no leakage occurs during storage. However, due to the cytotoxicity of vinorelbine, it is recommended that it should be sealed for safety reasons. This is done either by stretch packing, or by spraying with a hydro-alcohol spray.
Denne sammensetningen har en utmerket fysikokjemisk stabilitet: degradering av den dispergerte vinorelbin formulert i harde gelatinkapsler etter 6 måneders lagring ved 25°C/60 % fuktighet (alvorlig temperaturbetingelse) er: This composition has excellent physicochemical stability: degradation of the dispersed vinorelbine formulated in hard gelatin capsules after 6 months of storage at 25°C/60% humidity (severe temperature condition) is:
- meget signifikant mindre enn degradering observert for vinorelbin alene, - very significantly less than degradation observed for vinorelbine alone,
- mindre enn eller lik degradering observert i myke kapsler. - less than or equal to degradation observed in soft capsules.
Resultatene er uttrykt nedenfor: The results are expressed below:
Variasjon av innholdet av urenheter ( i relative %) etter 6 måneder ved 25°C/ 60 % fuktighet sammenlignet med tO. Variation of the content of impurities (in relative %) after 6 months at 25°C/ 60% humidity compared to tO.
Andre hydrofile polymerer så som polyetylenglykoler ble testet. Stabiliteten til vinorelbin i nærvær av disse andre polymerer er signifikant lavere: etter bare én måned ved 25°C/60 % fuktighet, er variasjonen av innhold av urenheter sammenlignet med tO +7,63 % og +29,08 % for henholdsvis polyvinylpyrrolidon og en celluloseeter. Other hydrophilic polymers such as polyethylene glycols were tested. The stability of vinorelbine in the presence of these other polymers is significantly lower: after only one month at 25°C/60% humidity, the variation of impurity content compared to tO is +7.63% and +29.08% for polyvinylpyrrolidone and a cellulose ether.
Videre og uventet er oppløsningshastigheten til vinorelbinditartrat inneholdt i den harde gelatinkapsel en i eksempel 3 ovenfor, i dispergert tilstand, meget lik den til oppløsningsdynamikken til vinorelbinditartrat inneholdt i oppløst tilstand i den myke kapselen. Oppløsningsprofilene i 900 ml vann ved 37°C, 50 rpm, for seks prøver av en porsjon av hver galeniske form er gitt i fig. IA og IB vedlagt. Prosessen brukt er en prosess med roterende plate gitt i den europeiske Pharmacopoeia 2.9.3. Oppløsning av vinorelbinditartrat er 100 % fullstendig på mindre enn 30 min. Furthermore, and unexpectedly, the dissolution rate of vinorel binding tartrate contained in the hard gelatin capsule of Example 3 above, in the dispersed state, is very similar to that of the dissolution dynamics of vinorel binding tartrate contained in the dissolved state in the soft capsule. The dissolution profiles in 900 ml of water at 37°C, 50 rpm, for six samples of one portion of each dosage form are given in Fig. IA and IB attached. The process used is a rotating plate process given in the European Pharmacopoeia 2.9.3. Dissolution of vinorel bind tartrate is 100% complete in less than 30 min.
Enhetsdoser av harde gelatinkapsler, uttrykt i basisk vinorelbin, er mellom 5 og 100 mg og er fordelaktig lik 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg og 80 mg. Unit doses of hard gelatin capsules, expressed in basic vinorelbine, are between 5 and 100 mg and are advantageously equal to 20 mg, 30 mg, 40 mg and 80 mg.
Denne oppfinnelsen kan imidlertid anvendes spesielt til å oppnå enhetsdoser på mer enn 100 mg, og opp til 300 mg, ved injeksjonsstøping. However, this invention can be used in particular to obtain unit doses of more than 100 mg, and up to 300 mg, by injection molding.
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PCT/EP2005/056965 WO2006069938A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 | 2005-12-20 | Stable solid dispersion of a derivative of vinca alkaloid and process for manufacturing it |
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