NO329740B1 - Device at floating wind turbines - Google Patents
Device at floating wind turbines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO329740B1 NO329740B1 NO20091473A NO20091473A NO329740B1 NO 329740 B1 NO329740 B1 NO 329740B1 NO 20091473 A NO20091473 A NO 20091473A NO 20091473 A NO20091473 A NO 20091473A NO 329740 B1 NO329740 B1 NO 329740B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- installation
- gyro
- wind turbine
- drive shaft
- stabilizing
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor the axis being vertical
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/04—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using gyroscopes directly
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/22—Foundations specially adapted for wind motors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
- F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
- F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
- B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/93—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a structure floating on a liquid surface
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Abstract
Anordning ved flytende vindkraftverk (1) hvor en vindturbin (14) er anbrakt på en installasjon (2), og hvor installasjonen (2) er forsynt med en stabiliseringsgyro (22).Apparatus at a floating wind turbine (1) where a wind turbine (14) is arranged on an installation (2) and the installation (2) is provided with a stabilizing gyro (22).
Description
ANORDNING VED FLYTENDE VINDKRAFTVERK DEVICE FOR FLOATING WIND POWER PLANTS
Denne oppfinnelse vedrører et flytende vindkraftverk. Nærmere bestemt dreier det seg om et flytende vindkraftverk hvor en vindturbin er anbrakt på en installasjon. This invention relates to a floating wind turbine. More specifically, it concerns a floating wind power plant where a wind turbine is placed on an installation.
Med installasjon menes i denne sammenheng enhver form for flytende fartøy, for eksempel en bøye, en lekter, et skip eller en plattform. In this context, installation means any type of floating vessel, for example a buoy, a barge, a ship or a platform.
Flytende installasjoner utsettes for tildels betydelige miljøkrefter fra vind, strøm og bølger. Alt etter art av installasjon vil miljøkrefter kunne sette opp betydelige bevegelser i de seks frihetsgrader. Ved vindmøllekonstruksjoner, som er relativt høye, kan bevegelser fra stamping og rulling utgjøre konstruktive begrensninger i vindkraftver-kets utforming. Floating installations are exposed to sometimes significant environmental forces from wind, currents and waves. Depending on the type of installation, environmental forces will be able to set up significant movements in the six degrees of freedom. In the case of wind turbine structures, which are relatively tall, movements from pounding and rolling can constitute constructive limitations in the design of the wind power plant.
Flere tiltak er kjent for å avhjelpe slike problemer. Ifølge WO 2005/068835 måles vindhastighet og bevegelse, idet vindmøllen stanses ved hjelp av en bremse dersom forutbestemte grenseverdier overstiges. Several measures are known to remedy such problems. According to WO 2005/068835, wind speed and movement are measured, the windmill being stopped using a brake if predetermined limit values are exceeded.
Ifølge US 2005/0206168 anbringes tilleggsflottører omkring en hovedflottør. Tilleggs-flottørene er utformet slik at de gir en betydelig øket oppdrift dersom de forskyves ned i vannet. According to US 2005/0206168, additional floats are placed around a main float. The additional floats are designed so that they provide significantly increased buoyancy if they are moved down into the water.
WO 03/004869 beskriver et flytende vindkraftverk hvor flottørens utforming sammen med fortøyningene begrenser vindmøllens skråstilling. WO 03/004869 describes a floating wind turbine where the design of the float, together with the moorings, limits the tilting of the wind turbine.
Det har i praksis vist seg at kjent teknikk, med unntak av anordninger hvor vindmøl-len stanses, må utformes som relativt store, tunge og derved kostbare konstruksjoner for å kunne oppnå den tilsiktede effekt. In practice, it has been shown that known technology, with the exception of devices where the wind turbine is stopped, must be designed as relatively large, heavy and therefore expensive structures in order to achieve the intended effect.
Oppfinnelsen har til formål å avhjelpe eller redusere i det minste én av ulempene ved kjent teknikk. The purpose of the invention is to remedy or reduce at least one of the disadvantages of known technology.
Formålet oppnås i henhold til oppfinnelsen ved de trekk som er angitt i nedenstående The purpose is achieved according to the invention by the features indicated below
beskrivelse og i de etterfølgende patentkrav. description and in the subsequent patent claims.
Det er tilveiebrakt et flytende vindkraftverk hvor en vindturbin er anbrakt på en installasjon og som kjennetegnes ved at installasjonen er forsynt med en stabiliseringsgyro. A floating wind power plant has been provided where a wind turbine is placed on an installation and which is characterized by the fact that the installation is equipped with a stabilizing gyro.
En stabiliseringsgyro som er anordnet i vindkraftverket vil, grunnet sin virkemåte, motvirke vinkelutslag i vindkraftverket om vinkelakser i andre retninger enn stabiliseringsgyroens egen dreieakse. Dersom gyroen dreier om en vertikal akse, vil vinkelutslag i form av rulling og stamping grunnet i det minste vind, bølger eller strøm motvirkes. A stabilizing gyro which is arranged in the wind power plant will, due to its mode of operation, counteract angular deflection in the wind power plant about angular axes in directions other than the stabilizing gyro's own axis of rotation. If the gyro rotates about a vertical axis, angular deviations in the form of rolling and bumping due to at least wind, waves or current will be counteracted.
Stabiliseringsgyroens plassering i installasjonen avhenger av installasjonens utforming og må, basert på kjente prinsipper, tilpasses blant annet med hensyn til om vindkraft-verkets massetyngdepunkt befinner seg over eller under oppdriftssentret. The location of the stabilizing gyro in the installation depends on the design of the installation and must, based on known principles, be adapted with regard to, among other things, whether the wind power plant's center of gravity is located above or below the center of buoyancy.
Stabiliseringsgyroen kan utgjøres av én eller flere masser som er anordnet i hensikts-messige posisjoner, for eksempel som en del av vindturbinen, vindturbinens aksel, gir eller generator. The stabilizing gyro can consist of one or more masses which are arranged in appropriate positions, for example as part of the wind turbine, the wind turbine's shaft, gear or generator.
Stabiliseringsgyroen kan for eksempel utgjøres av et separat svinghjul som roterer med relativt stor hastighet, eller en relativt stor masse som roterer med betydelig lavere hastighet. The stabilizing gyro can, for example, consist of a separate flywheel that rotates at a relatively high speed, or a relatively large mass that rotates at a significantly lower speed.
Dersom den relativt store masse befinner seg på et relativt lavt høydenivå i installasjonen, kan den utgjøre en del av installasjonens ballast. If the relatively large mass is located at a relatively low height level in the installation, it can form part of the installation's ballast.
Massen av en sakteroterende stabiliseringsgyro kan for eksempel utgjøre 10-80% av installasjonsvekten. Beregninger viser at god virkning ved hastigheter mellom 5 og 20 omdreininger i minuttet oppnås når massen utgjør 30-60% av installasjonsvekten. The mass of a slow-rotating stabilization gyro can, for example, amount to 10-80% of the installation weight. Calculations show that good effect at speeds between 5 and 20 revolutions per minute is achieved when the mass makes up 30-60% of the installation weight.
Stabiliseringsgyroen kan omkranse vindturbinens drivaksel. Dersom drivakselen er vertikal, slik den med fordel kan være dersom det anvendes en Gelhard- eller Dar-rieusturbin, eller også ved andre turbiner når vindmøllekraftverkets generator er anbrakt i installasjonen, vil stabiliseringsgyroen fungere i henhold til intensjonen. The stabilizing gyro can wrap around the wind turbine's drive shaft. If the drive shaft is vertical, as it can advantageously be if a Gelhard or Darrieus turbine is used, or also with other turbines when the wind turbine power plant's generator is placed in the installation, the stabilizing gyro will work according to the intention.
Stabiliseringsgyroen kan, dersom den utgjøres av en separat masse, drives av drivakselen via et gir, eller direkte av drivakslingen. Alternativt kan stabiliseringsgyroen drives av for eksempel en elektromotor. The stabilizing gyro can, if it consists of a separate mass, be driven by the drive shaft via a gear, or directly by the drive shaft. Alternatively, the stabilization gyro can be driven by, for example, an electric motor.
Installasjonen kan være forsynt med minst to stabilisenngsgyroer hvor to av stabihse-ringsgyroene kan være kontraroterende. Stabiliseringsgyroene kan ha ulike dreieak-ser. The installation can be provided with at least two stabilizing gyros, where two of the stabilizing gyros can be counter-rotating. The stabilization gyros can have different axes of rotation.
Grunnet stabihseringsgyroens virkemåte vil en dempning av en dreining i ett plan be-virke at det oppstår en dreining vinkelrett i forhold til den dreining som dempes. Dette kan motvirkes ved at to stabiliseringsgyroer kontraroterer. Due to the operation of the stabilizing gyro, dampening a rotation in one plane will cause a rotation to occur perpendicular to the rotation being dampened. This can be counteracted by two stabilizing gyros counter-rotating.
En stabiliseringsgyro i henhold til oppfinnelsen vil kunne stabilisere stampe- og rulle-utslag i vesentlig grad på en relativt enkel og kostnadseffektiv måte. A stabilizing gyro according to the invention will be able to stabilize pitch and roll to a significant extent in a relatively simple and cost-effective manner.
I det etterfølgende beskrives et eksempel på en foretrukket utførelsesform som er anskueliggjort på medfølgende tegninger, hvor: Fig. 1 skjematisk viser et vindkraftverk som er forsynt med en stabiliseringsgyro In what follows, an example of a preferred embodiment is described which is visualized in the accompanying drawings, where: Fig. 1 schematically shows a wind power plant which is equipped with a stabilizing gyro
ifølge oppfinnelsen; og according to the invention; and
Fig. 2 skjematisk viser vindkraftverket i en alternativ utførelsesform. Fig. 2 schematically shows the wind power plant in an alternative embodiment.
På tegningene betegner henvisningstallet 1 et flytende vindkraftverk omfattende en installasjon 2 som flyter i sjøen 4 og som er fortøyd ved hjelp av fortøyninger 6. Installasjonen 2 er forsynt med ballast 8. In the drawings, the reference number 1 denotes a floating wind power plant comprising an installation 2 which floats in the sea 4 and which is moored by means of moorings 6. The installation 2 is provided with ballast 8.
En dnvaksel 10 rager vertikalt opp fra en elektrisk generator 12 som er anordnet relativt lavt i installasjonen 2, og opp til en vindturbin 14 som befinner seg på et nivå over installasjonen 2. Drivakselen 10 dreier om en senterakse 16 og er opplagret i installasjonen 2 ved hjelp av et øvre lager 18 og et nedre lager 20. Drivakselen 10 er i dette foretrukne utførelseseksempel således innrettet til å følge installasjonens 2 stampe-og rullebevegelse. A drive shaft 10 projects vertically up from an electric generator 12 which is arranged relatively low in the installation 2, and up to a wind turbine 14 which is located at a level above the installation 2. The drive shaft 10 rotates about a central axis 16 and is stored in the installation 2 at using an upper bearing 18 and a lower bearing 20. The drive shaft 10 in this preferred embodiment is thus arranged to follow the stamping and rolling movement of the installation 2.
En stabiliseringsgyro 22 i form av en roterbar masse er ved hjelp av gyrolager 24 opplagret om drivakselen 10. Stabiliseringsgyroen 22 drives fra drivakselen 10 via et gir 26. A stabilizing gyro 22 in the form of a rotatable mass is supported on the drive shaft 10 by means of gyro bearings 24. The stabilizing gyro 22 is driven from the drive shaft 10 via a gear 26.
Når vindturbinen 14 settes i rotasjon, overføres dreimoment til generatoren 12 via drivakselen 10. Noe av dreimomentet overføres via giret 26 til stabiliseringsgyroen 22 som tildeles en relativt høy omdremingshastighet. When the wind turbine 14 is set in rotation, torque is transferred to the generator 12 via the drive shaft 10. Some of the torque is transferred via the gear 26 to the stabilization gyro 22 which is assigned a relatively high rotational speed.
Når en stampe eller rullebevegelse dreier senteraksen 16 ut fra sin vertikale stilling, vil stabiliseringsgyroen 22, grunnet en gyros i og for seg kjente virkemåte, motvirke denne dreining. When a stomping or rolling movement turns the center axis 16 out of its vertical position, the stabilizing gyro 22, due to a gyros in and of itself known way of working, will counteract this turning.
I en alternativ utførelsesform, se fig. 2, er stabiliseringsgyroen 22 anbrakt lavt i installasjonen 2, har en betydelig masse relativt installasjonens 2 totalmasse, har en relativt stor radius, roterer forholdsvis sakte og bidrar til å senke installasjonens 2 massetyngdepunkt til et lavere høydenivå. In an alternative embodiment, see fig. 2, the stabilization gyro 22 is placed low in the installation 2, has a significant mass relative to the total mass of the installation 2, has a relatively large radius, rotates relatively slowly and helps to lower the center of mass of the installation 2 to a lower height level.
I denne alternative utførelsesform kan stabiliseringsgyroen 22 være koplet til drivakselen 10, hvorved gyrolagerne 24 og giret 26 er overflødige. In this alternative embodiment, the stabilizing gyro 22 can be connected to the drive shaft 10, whereby the gyro bearings 24 and the gear 26 are redundant.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20091473A NO329740B1 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Device at floating wind turbines |
| PCT/NO2010/000134 WO2010120182A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-04-14 | Buoyant wind power station |
| EP10764704.2A EP2419633A4 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-04-14 | Buoyant wind power station |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20091473A NO329740B1 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Device at floating wind turbines |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO20091473L NO20091473L (en) | 2010-10-18 |
| NO329740B1 true NO329740B1 (en) | 2010-12-13 |
Family
ID=42982685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20091473A NO329740B1 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | Device at floating wind turbines |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2419633A4 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO329740B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2010120182A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8421263B2 (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2013-04-16 | Florida Turbine Technologies, Inc. | Floating vertical axis wind turbine |
| EP2685093B1 (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2016-06-29 | Alstom Wind, S.L.U. | Wind turbine stabilization |
| ITUA20164414A1 (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2017-12-16 | Milano Innovazioni Tecnologiche Srl | offshore multi-axis wind generator with self-stabilizing vertical axis |
| SE539182C2 (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2017-05-02 | Seatwirl Ab | Floating wind energy harvesting apparatus with replaceable energy converter |
| FR3048740B1 (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2018-03-30 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | FLOATING WIND TURBINE WITH VERTICAL AXIS TWIN TURBINES WITH IMPROVED YIELD |
| DE102017106434A1 (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-09-27 | Athanasios Dafnis | Floating offshore wind turbine with a vertical rotor and wind farm in modular design comprising several such wind turbines |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3622119A1 (en) * | 1986-07-02 | 1988-01-14 | Mozdzanowski Joachim | Wind power station for locating at sea |
| US6949842B2 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2005-09-27 | Matthew Earley | Centrifugal weight control for a wind or water turbine |
| JP2003252288A (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2003-09-10 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | Floating body type base structure for marine wind power generation |
| DE20206234U1 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2002-08-08 | Gelhard Theresia | Floatable wind turbine |
| DE10337278A1 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2005-03-10 | Roland Mahler | Offshore windmill for generation of electricity has floating vertical tower with anchor connection and ballast at bottom and has valve to allow flooding and sinking to protect windmill during gale |
| JP4516321B2 (en) * | 2004-01-13 | 2010-08-04 | 日本郵船株式会社 | Marine straight wing vertical axis wind power generator |
| US7100438B2 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2006-09-05 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for determining a site for an offshore wind turbine |
-
2009
- 2009-04-16 NO NO20091473A patent/NO329740B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2010
- 2010-04-14 EP EP10764704.2A patent/EP2419633A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-04-14 WO PCT/NO2010/000134 patent/WO2010120182A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2419633A4 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
| EP2419633A1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
| WO2010120182A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
| NO20091473L (en) | 2010-10-18 |
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