NO324134B1 - Energy saving heater. - Google Patents

Abstract

Unlike a heat pump that moves the heat energy by compressing / pumping a gas over to a chamber that exchanges the heat further before it expands and returns to where it was first in circulation, it has, in addition to this, two crucial constructions. After the incoming water (or gas) (19) has been heated by said exchangers, it is discharged into efficient nozzles (21), so that the energy from the pressure in these is transferred to turbulence and direct heat energy in the water basin (23). ), or if there is gas, in the chamber (23). The nozzles.5prepar the water flow better in moving surfaces that provide heat.

Description

Title:

Energy-saving heating element

Description,

Several technologies have been developed that heat water, but none have succeeded in heating seawater affectively and economically. At least not from the energy in waves. Heating seawater for outdoor or indoor swimming facilities has often resulted in the costs of heating the water being too high

This invention is energy-saving, and can be used to both heat and purify seawater for use in swimming pools. This technology also makes better use of the direct solar energy.

Because the pool water has high circulation, by being pumped through a larger amount of fresh seawater, the bacteria concentration from bathers will remain low. For that reason, it will not be necessary to add chlorine, and the well-being and health will then be improved.

Furthermore, various types of filters can be fitted to remove unwanted particles and organic materials.

This significant flow of fresh seawater also makes it possible to let the water pass through controlled and selected sea plants. This gives the water an increased content of oxygen and other purifying qualities that are extra good and healthy to bathe in.

This invention provides a high effect in heating the water because it combines the following three techniques: 1. The pressure in the water from the wave converter or pump (3) transfers this energy directly to the water in the pool (23) by this water going out through nozzles (21 ) which creates turbulence which, through its friction, transforms this energy into thermal energy (heat). 2. Thermal energy from the outgoing water (5-18) is transferred to the incoming water (4-19) 3. The heat exchanger, which moves the energy mentioned in point 2, replaces the expansion nozzle (which is usually located in heat exchangers), with hydraulic motor or pump (11), This pump is shown in detail in fig 2. Energy loss from turbulence during expansion is therefore virtually removed (by turbulence becoming minimal) and this energy goes instead

IN

to this hydraulic motor or pump (11) which uses this energy to drive the compressor (or pump) (17) of the same fluid.

This also results in a greater cooling of the outgoing water (5) and this heat energy ends up in the pool (23).

This provides energy savings that give a significantly higher effect on heating the finished product, namely the bath water.

If the pool (23) is higher than the sea (1), the outgoing water (18-5) will transfer potential energy to the incoming water with the help of turbines and pump (6-9), so that the water that flows out pumps up again the fresh water. If the pool is not higher than the sea, the opposite happens, the incoming fresh water will use some of its energy (from the pressure) to pump out the used water from the pool.

Here follows a detailed description:

From the lake or sea (1) through filter (2), a wave converter (3), or a pump (3), pumps fresh seawater in through a pipe (4). This wave converter or

the pump (3) is the energy source in this system.

The water goes through a hydraulic motor/turbine (9), through a heat exchanger (13-16), where this water is heated, and further through adjustable taps/dampers

(20) and out through nozzles (21) where it is heated a second time by the wood

its turbulence is mixed with the pool water (23). The energy from the pressure in the liquid (or

if there is gas) turns into heat energy while the turbulence disappears in the pool.

The adjustable taps/dampers (20) control both the speed of the water flow in the pool (23) and the temperature of this water. The temperature is controlled by regulating the water flow through different numbers and the cross-section (thickness) of the fluid flow.

These nozzles are designed so that, with the help of the recoil of the water jet, they turn the direction of the water jet alternately forwards and backwards around two axes (40). The purpose of this is to spread the aforementioned turbulence over the largest possible volume of water, thereby allowing almost all kinetic energy to be transformed into thermal energy. By spreading both the location and the direction of this water jet, more turbulence, greater friction and a higher heating effect will be provided.

As the water flow changes position, it will hit water particles at a lower speed, thereby increasing friction.

Here follows a description of various nozzles with spreaders, both with a cone shape and with a flat water stream that spreads.

The nozzles are made with a cone-shaped damper (35) which is placed in the opening of the nozzle (37). A servo control (38) regulates the cross-section (thickness) of the water flow which

the cone-shaped water jet forms.

The nozzle is buttoned on the axis so that it stands at a 45 degree angle either to the right or to the left. The rod (44) between this and the fixed part (46) also swings 45 degrees each way before it stops against the attachment. When it does this, the outer part with the nozzle, due to its inertial mass, is thrown further over to the opposite side as before.

Figure 4 schematically shows this movement, and Figure 3 shows the details of this.

Alternatively, these nozzles can be made in several other ways; they can be fixed, they can rotate or spread in a fan shape using various constructions.

One of these alternative solutions is to put two nozzles on a tilting rod, which, as it swings towards each of the end surfaces of the part, pushes a valve that directs the water jet alternately to each of the two nozzles. The recoil will then push the nozzles back and forth. Furthermore, among the options, a simple nozzle can be used while a spring pulls the rod back.

The next option is to have several links connected together, with a fiberglass rod fitted along the rods, (44) which stabilizes them. The recoil will then create an oscillating movement that spreads the nozzle in several directions. If these joints have axes that lie in different planes, the nozzle will spread in several planes, i.e. a 3D spread.

The simplest option is to use only a simple elastic fiberglass rod with a nozzle located at the end. By placing the nozzle slightly at an angle, the oscillating will start by itself.

instead of making the nozzles with a round tip that spreads the water out in a cone shape, they can be made flat (fig.6, 7 and 8) and set in rotation..

The spreader is made so that between two parts (49) there is a spar, between two surfaces (48), which creates a level flow of water at an angle outwards. Since these two screwed together parts can rotate freely about the axis/water pipe (51) located in the middle of these, and that the plane of this water flow goes outside this axis, i.e. at an angle, the recoil from the water flow will create rotation around said axis.

The thickness of this flat stream of water can be varied by adjusting the screws that go through the bores (50) and that hold together the two halves of this water spreader. This can be remotely controlled by servomechanics.

This provides a particularly good dispersion of the high-pressure water over a larger volume of water. Therefore, the heating becomes more efficient.

Fig.6 shows one half of the spreader from the side.

Fig.7 shows the spreader from above, and Fig.8 at an angle.

All the water nozzles can be directed at bathers and other small particles by placing the nozzles in a water chamber that has a slightly higher water pressure than the rest of the pool

This can be done by letting the water rise by a level, a few centimeters higher up before it is released further. The water can be heated from below.

Some of the energy from the pressure in the water in the pipe (4) can be absorbed by a hydraulic motor (9) or a turbine (9) which further drives the heat exchanger. The rest of this aforementioned energy is, by the water exiting the nozzles (21) and forming turbulence in the pool (23), converted into thermal energy. This is how the water is heated.

This mentioned hydraulic motor (9) can optionally have energy added to the incoming water if the energy from the hydraulic motor (6) on the outgoing water is strong enough in that the drop height from the pool down to the sea (1) is sufficient.

The mentioned hydraulic motors (6) and (9) are mechanically connected by an axis (8). A gear transfer ring (7) is connected to this axis (8) which is connected to the axes (10) and (12) which are connected to a compressor/pump (17) and hydraulic motor (11). The axis (10) receives energy either from turbine or pump (6) on the outgoing water

(5), or the pump or turbine (9) on the incoming water, or both.

The hydraulic motor (11) receives energy from the compressed gas (16) and sends this mechanical energy through the axis (12) to said compressor or pump (17).

This hydraulic motor (11), which receives energy from the compressed gas (16), consists of pistons (28) in cylinders (27) which are driven forward by this gas expanding inside these cylinders. Therefore there will be minimal or no turbulence

with associated energy loss when this gas expands. The energy is absorbed and sent mechanically through the shaft (12) to the compressor or pump (17)

From this we see that the compressor / pump (17) gets energy both from the hydraulic motor (11), which expands the same circulating gas, and the axis (10), which gets the energy from the water circulation through both hydraulic motors or pumps (9) and (11).

The heat energy from the outgoing water from pipe (18) will, when it flows through pipe/plates (14), heat up the expanded gas in chamber (15). The water (14) and the gas (15) move in the opposite direction to exchange the heat efficiently.

The heated gas is compressed in a compressor or pump (17) by pumping it from a low-pressure chamber (15) to a high-pressure chamber (16).

The heat energy is further transferred from the compressed gas (16), while it flows through pipes or plates (13) in the opposite direction to the incoming water, to this water (13), so that the water is maximally heated.

The temperature in the pool water (23) can be regulated both in the aforementioned way by regulating the taps/dampers (20), and by regulating the ratio on the gear (7) which then controls the rotational speed of the compressor (17).

Figure 2 shows a detailed drawing of the pumps/compressor/hydraulic motor, which in Figure 1 shows the locations in the entire heating element with no. (6 - 9 -11 -17)

The drawing here only shows the upper part of this housing (24) which this pump is built inside. Only the two bushings/bearings (30-33) connect the cylinder to the housing (24)

The two bores (25) at the top of the housing are connected so that

the cylinder chamber is connected to one bore when the piston goes up, and the other when it goes down. Both cylinder (28) and piston (29) rotate about the cylinder axis (30); and acts as valve control by alternately opening and closing one of these two bores (25). When one is closed, the other is open.

When this is to pump gas, the pressure valve (26) works so that it opens when the pressure from the cylinder is sufficient.

When it is to absorb the energy from gas, in other words when the gas is to drive the shaft, the valve (26) lets in a limited volume of gas. This is controlled from the crankshaft; so that it is open at a desired angle from the top point down a distance. On the rest of the movement from this point of rotation down, the gas expands. This reduces turbulence and energy loss.

Several cylinders can be mounted on the same crankshaft (32).

Pump/hydraulic motor (6 and 9) in fig. does not use valve (16). Here, the two bores (25) for incoming and outgoing water are the same, without a valve.

Because of this construction, energy can move both ways between the fluid flow and the crankshaft, in that either the crankshaft pumps fluid, or the fluid flow drives the crankshaft. Furthermore, the direction of these movements can also go both ways, so that when the crankshaft reverses its rotation, the fluid flow will turn in the opposite direction as before. The same applies when the controlling fluid direction reverses. The crankshaft can also slow down and shut off the fluid flow, and correspondingly, the fluid flow can slow down and shut down the rotation of the crankshaft.

Finally, point by point (A-B-C-D), the movement of the energy from the energy source (3) to the pool water (23) is summarized, which increases in temperature. A). The heat exchanger's compressor or pump (17) receives energy from the wave converter or pump (3); through the axes (10 - 12) and hydraulic motor (9), B) . The heat exchanger's compressor/pump (17) gets back part of the energy from the hydraulic motor (11) C) The nozzles (21) get their energy from the wave motor or the pump (3), and transform this energy into heat in the pool (23) D) They two hydraulic motors or turbines (6) and (9) will together transfer energy from said energy source (3), via gear (7), to compressor (17). It is the height ratio between the pool and the sea, which determines which of these two pushes against the gear (7). This means that this difference in height does not make any difference to the heating effect.

Number reference to Figure 1:

1. Sea or ocean.

2. Filter

3. Wave converter and pump.

4. Pipe for inflowing water

5. Pipe for outflowing water.

6. Turbine / hydraulic motor.

7. Gears.

8. Axis.

9. Turbine / hydraulic motor.

10. Axis.

11. Hydraulic motor.

12. Axis.

13. Pipes or plates through which the incoming water flows. 14. Pipes or plates through which the outgoing water flows.

15. Expanded gas (in low pressure).

16. Compressed gas (in high pressure.)

17. Compressor/pump.

18. Flowing water.

19. Inflowing heated water.

20. Taps / dampers

21. Nozzles.

22. Filters.

23. Pool with water.

Figure 2

Shows detailed pump/hydraulic motor, figure 1 shows location on no.6-9-11-17:

24. Pump house.

25. Bores that guide fluid through the cylinder (27)

26. Valve

27. Bore in cylinder.

28. Cylinder.

29. Stamp

30. Two axles attached to the outside, one on each side of the cylinder (28)

31. Bushings/bearings, enclose the Axes (29), and are attached to the housing (24).

32. Piston rod.

33. Crankshaft.

34. Lining/bearing, is connected to the housing (24) and encloses the axis (30),

Figure 3 Nozzle with spreading mechanism

35. Adjustable cone-shaped part that controls the water flow

36. Nozzle

37. Water pipe

38. Servo regulator for 35

39. Partying

40. Axles

41. Surfaces adjacent to 42

42. Plate

43. Tube, which encloses rod 44

44. Rod attached to the axles 40

45. Feather

46. Fasting.

Figure 4. The letters ^A-fl-C-Ø-É-F- show different times in this part's movement.

A. Same position as in the drawing above. The recoil from the water jet pushes the mechanism in rotation to the right

B. Motion continues

C. The rod stops against the attachment (46) and nozzles tip over to the right.

D. The nozzle is tipped over and starts to push back.

E. The movement continues

F The rod is stopped against the attachment (46) and the nozzles tip over where they were first.

Fig.5 shows the same nozzle as shown in figs 3 and 4, but here it is attached with a fiberglass rod.

47. Elastic (glass fiber) rod.

Fig. 6 -7- 8. Rotating nozzle with flat water flow.

48. Inclined nozzle surfaces

49. Two halves that fit together

50. Three bores to assemble 49

51. Water pipe and axis.

Claims (1)

Patent claim 1. Heating element for heating fluid characterized by a hydraulic motor (11) is driven by expanding gas (15-16), which together with wave converter (3), pump (3) or other energy source, drives compressor / pump (17) to compress the same mentioned circulating gas (16) which encloses and emits heat to incoming fluid (19) through heat-conducting tubes or plates (13) so that the heated fluid (19) flows into a pool or chamber (23) and from there flows out through heat-conducting pipes or plates (14), which emit heat to said expanded gas, and allow the fluid from there in a cooled state to flow away in pipe (5). Patent claim 2. Heating element for heating liquid in claim 1 characterized by nozzles (21), which spread the liquid (19) with excess pressure into a larger pool (23), from there an outgoing pipe (18), leads the liquid (18) through pipes or plates (14) where it is cooled by an expanded surrounding gas (15) by this gas being compressed and led to a chamber (16) which encloses pipes or plates (13) which encloses and heats said liquid (19) before it goes to said nozzles (21). Patent claim 3. Heating element for heating fluid in claims 1-2 characterized by nozzles consisting of rotating elements (49) with flat planar slits (48) which push the fluid obliquely out into surfaces. Patent claim 4. Heating element for heating liquid according to claims 1-2 characterized by nozzles which are fixed in elastic rods (47). Patent claim 5. Heating element for heating fluid according to claims 1-2 characterized by nozzles which are fixed in movable joints (40) between rods (44). Patent claim 6. Heating element for heating fluid according to claims 1-2 characterized by a hydraulic motor or pump which allows its cylinder (27) and associated piston (28) to rotate about an axis (29) which is placed outside the cylinder (27) by this axis (29) through a bearing or liner (33) is fixed in the housing (24), so that said rotation, controlled by the crankshaft (32), alternately connects the nozzle (26) on the cylinder, together with either the inlet or outlet nozzle (25 ) attached to the housing (24). Patent claim 7. Heating element for heating fluid in claims 1 -2 characterized by a cylinder pump with a valve which opens incoming compressed gas in a position when the rotation of the vershaft is in an angular sector less than 180 degrees.