NO320598B1 - Eksosventil for en forbrenningsmotor - Google Patents
Eksosventil for en forbrenningsmotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO320598B1 NO320598B1 NO19985515A NO985515A NO320598B1 NO 320598 B1 NO320598 B1 NO 320598B1 NO 19985515 A NO19985515 A NO 19985515A NO 985515 A NO985515 A NO 985515A NO 320598 B1 NO320598 B1 NO 320598B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- seat area
- exhaust valve
- yield strength
- seat
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 144
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 144
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 29
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910001235 nimonic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001119 inconels 625 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018487 Ni—Cr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NPURPEXKKDAKIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoimino(oxo)methane Chemical compound IN=C=O NPURPEXKKDAKIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004482 other powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
- F01L3/04—Coated valve members or valve-seats
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2820/00—Details on specific features characterising valve gear arrangements
- F01L2820/01—Absolute values
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK199600642A DK173348B1 (da) | 1996-06-07 | 1996-06-07 | Udstødsventil til en forbrændingsmotor |
PCT/DK1997/000246 WO1997047862A1 (en) | 1996-06-07 | 1997-06-03 | An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO985515D0 NO985515D0 (no) | 1998-11-26 |
NO985515L NO985515L (no) | 1998-11-26 |
NO320598B1 true NO320598B1 (no) | 2005-12-27 |
Family
ID=8095912
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO19985515A NO320598B1 (no) | 1996-06-07 | 1998-11-26 | Eksosventil for en forbrenningsmotor |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6298817B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP0901565B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3422494B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100419435B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1088149C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE197982T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU3090397A (de) |
DE (1) | DE69703654T2 (de) |
DK (1) | DK173348B1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2153667T3 (de) |
HK (1) | HK1019915A1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO320598B1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL187246B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997047862A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6606970B2 (en) * | 1999-08-31 | 2003-08-19 | Richard Patton | Adiabatic internal combustion engine with regenerator and hot air ignition |
DE19942386B4 (de) * | 1999-09-04 | 2013-10-02 | Pro-Beam Systems Gmbh | Verfahren zur Randschichtbehandlung von Oberflächen mittels Energiestrahl |
US8915722B1 (en) | 2009-02-23 | 2014-12-23 | George H. Blume | Integrated fluid end |
US9416887B2 (en) | 2000-07-18 | 2016-08-16 | George H Blume | Low turbulence valve |
DE10055275A1 (de) * | 2000-11-08 | 2002-05-23 | Iropa Ag | Endlos-Fadenbremsband und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
US6655369B2 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2003-12-02 | Diesel Engine Transformations Llc | Catalytic combustion surfaces and method for creating catalytic combustion surfaces |
JP2004359998A (ja) * | 2003-06-04 | 2004-12-24 | Hitachi Ltd | 化合物粒子分散合金層を有する金属部材の製造方法及び摺動部材 |
US7779807B2 (en) * | 2003-11-11 | 2010-08-24 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Intake/exhaust valve and its seal for internal combustion engine |
US7540470B1 (en) * | 2005-01-11 | 2009-06-02 | Blume George H | Powdered metal inlay |
US7562647B2 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2009-07-21 | High Performance Coatings, Inc. | Inlet valve having high temperature coating and internal combustion engines incorporating same |
US20080032065A1 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2008-02-07 | High Performance Coatings, Inc. | Methods for coating engine valves with protective coatings using infrared radiation |
US7559991B2 (en) | 2006-03-30 | 2009-07-14 | High Performance Coatings, Inc. | Apparatus for coating engine valves with protective coatings and curing the coatings using infrared radiation |
US7726026B1 (en) | 2006-05-09 | 2010-06-01 | Blume George H | Powdered metal inlay |
US8613886B2 (en) * | 2006-06-29 | 2013-12-24 | L. E. Jones Company | Nickel-rich wear resistant alloy and method of making and use thereof |
JP5232492B2 (ja) * | 2008-02-13 | 2013-07-10 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | 偏析性に優れたNi基超合金 |
DE102008018875A1 (de) | 2008-04-14 | 2009-10-15 | Märkisches Werk GmbH | Auslassventil an einem Hubkolbenmotor |
US7754143B2 (en) * | 2008-04-15 | 2010-07-13 | L. E. Jones Company | Cobalt-rich wear resistant alloy and method of making and use thereof |
BRPI0822931B8 (pt) * | 2008-07-25 | 2023-04-25 | Nittan Valva | Válvula de gatilho de exaustão monobloco e método de tratamento térmico de solubilização da mesma |
DE102009016833B3 (de) * | 2009-04-09 | 2011-01-13 | Märkisches Werk GmbH | Bimetallventil |
US8261767B1 (en) | 2009-04-24 | 2012-09-11 | Novatech Holdings Corp. | Powdered metal inlay |
DK177071B1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-30 | Man Diesel & Turbo Deutschland | Exhaust valve spindle for an internal combustion engine and a method of manufacture thereof |
US8344299B1 (en) | 2009-11-20 | 2013-01-01 | Novatech Holdings Corp. | Cylinder heater |
US9228458B2 (en) * | 2010-02-19 | 2016-01-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Valve seat insert |
DE102011007140A1 (de) * | 2011-04-11 | 2012-10-11 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Ventilsitzring |
US20130309000A1 (en) * | 2012-05-21 | 2013-11-21 | General Electric Comapny | Hybrid laser arc welding process and apparatus |
PL2740908T3 (pl) * | 2012-06-14 | 2017-06-30 | Nittan Valve Co., Ltd. | Sposób formowania powierzchni zaworu grzybkowego oraz zawory grzybkowe mające powierzchnie uformowane tym sposobem |
DK177487B1 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2013-07-15 | Man Diesel & Turbo Deutschland | An exhaust valve spindle for an exhaust valve in an internal combustion engine |
EP2781284A1 (de) * | 2013-03-18 | 2014-09-24 | Sandvik Intellectual Property AB | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Ventilspindel |
US20140345557A1 (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2014-11-27 | Caterpillar Inc. | Thermal Spray Coated Engine Valve for Increased Wear Resistance |
US9822894B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2017-11-21 | S.P.M. Flow Control, Inc. | Valve seats for use in fracturing pumps |
BR112016023139B1 (pt) * | 2014-04-04 | 2021-05-18 | Special Metals Corporation | produtos de solda de ni-cr-mo-w-nb-ti de alta resistência e método de soldagem e depósito de solda usando o mesmo |
DK177960B1 (en) * | 2014-04-08 | 2015-02-02 | Man Diesel & Turbo Deutschland | An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine |
US9644504B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2017-05-09 | Caterpillar Inc. | Single crystal engine valve |
WO2017105942A1 (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2017-06-22 | Borgwarner Inc. | Wastegate component comprising a novel alloy |
DE102016200739A1 (de) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-20 | Mahle International Gmbh | Metallisches Hohlventil für eine Brennkraftmaschine eines Nutzkraftfahrzeugs |
DE102016117698A1 (de) * | 2016-09-20 | 2018-03-22 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Ventilkörper eines Gaswechselventils, Gaswechselventil und Brennkraftmaschine |
KR101836713B1 (ko) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-03-09 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 배기계 부품용 니켈 합금 |
CN110573279B (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2021-08-10 | 联邦摩高气门机构公司 | 提升阀及其制造方法 |
DE102017114375A1 (de) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-03 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Ventilsitzring eines Gaswechselventils als einstückiger Gußkörper aus einer Cobalt-Chrom-Hartlegierung |
US11155904B2 (en) | 2019-07-11 | 2021-10-26 | L.E. Jones Company | Cobalt-rich wear resistant alloy and method of making and use thereof |
US20210031297A1 (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2021-02-04 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | System and method for multi-task laser welding |
CN111022730B (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-02-08 | 广州发展电力科技有限公司 | 一种处理调节阀门结晶堵塞的系统、方法和存储介质 |
CN113106297B (zh) * | 2021-04-10 | 2022-06-17 | 江苏明越精密高温合金有限公司 | 一种抗热裂铸造高温合金母合金及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (13)
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US1557025A (en) * | 1924-07-17 | 1925-10-13 | Us Ind Alcohol Co | Nickel-chromium alloy and articles made therefrom |
US4122817A (en) * | 1975-05-01 | 1978-10-31 | Trw Inc. | Internal combustion valve having an iron based hard-facing alloy contact surface |
FR2346915A1 (fr) | 1976-03-31 | 1977-10-28 | Texier Alain | Systeme de transmission numerique assurant des liaisons multipoints |
JPS6059077B2 (ja) | 1980-05-02 | 1985-12-23 | 福田金属箔粉工業株式会社 | ニツケル基肉盛合金 |
US4530322A (en) * | 1980-10-31 | 1985-07-23 | Nippon Kokan Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust valve for diesel engine and production thereof |
EP0167034B1 (de) * | 1984-06-12 | 1988-09-14 | Sumitomo Electric Industries Limited | Ventilsitzring für Brennkraftmaschinen und ihr Produktionsverfahren |
US4909860A (en) | 1989-02-21 | 1990-03-20 | Inco Alloys International, Inc. | Method for strengthening cold worked nickel-base alloys |
DK166219C (da) | 1991-01-23 | 1993-08-16 | Man B & W Diesel Gmbh | Ventil med haardpaalaegning |
DE59206839D1 (de) * | 1991-07-04 | 1996-09-05 | New Sulzer Diesel Ag | Auslassventil einer Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Herstellen des Ventils |
JP3148340B2 (ja) | 1991-08-27 | 2001-03-19 | 福田金属箔粉工業株式会社 | ハードフェーシング用高靱性クロム基合金、その粉末、および該合金を肉盛した自動車用エンジンバルブ |
US5328527A (en) | 1992-12-15 | 1994-07-12 | Trw Inc. | Iron aluminum based engine intake valves and method of making thereof |
JP3328753B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-22 | 2002-09-30 | フジオーゼックス株式会社 | 肉盛用Fe基合金組成物 |
US5592913A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1997-01-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | Exhaust valve with a tapered stem portion |
-
1996
- 1996-06-07 DK DK199600642A patent/DK173348B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1997
- 1997-06-03 KR KR10-1998-0709612A patent/KR100419435B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-03 AT AT97925914T patent/ATE197982T1/de active
- 1997-06-03 JP JP50107998A patent/JP3422494B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-03 US US09/194,782 patent/US6298817B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-03 AU AU30903/97A patent/AU3090397A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-06-03 EP EP97925914A patent/EP0901565B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-03 PL PL97330430A patent/PL187246B1/pl unknown
- 1997-06-03 CN CN97195324A patent/CN1088149C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-03 WO PCT/DK1997/000246 patent/WO1997047862A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-06-03 DE DE69703654T patent/DE69703654T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-03 ES ES97925914T patent/ES2153667T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-11-26 NO NO19985515A patent/NO320598B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-10-27 HK HK99104818A patent/HK1019915A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-04-02 US US09/822,520 patent/US6443115B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL330430A1 (en) | 1999-05-10 |
DK64296A (da) | 1997-12-08 |
DE69703654D1 (de) | 2001-01-11 |
PL187246B1 (pl) | 2004-06-30 |
CN1088149C (zh) | 2002-07-24 |
AU3090397A (en) | 1998-01-07 |
JP2000505149A (ja) | 2000-04-25 |
ATE197982T1 (de) | 2000-12-15 |
ES2153667T3 (es) | 2001-03-01 |
KR100419435B1 (ko) | 2004-05-31 |
DE69703654T2 (de) | 2001-05-10 |
EP0901565B1 (de) | 2000-12-06 |
US20020020384A1 (en) | 2002-02-21 |
NO985515D0 (no) | 1998-11-26 |
NO985515L (no) | 1998-11-26 |
EP0901565A1 (de) | 1999-03-17 |
HK1019915A1 (en) | 2000-03-03 |
US6298817B1 (en) | 2001-10-09 |
US6443115B1 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
DK173348B1 (da) | 2000-08-07 |
JP3422494B2 (ja) | 2003-06-30 |
WO1997047862A1 (en) | 1997-12-18 |
CN1221473A (zh) | 1999-06-30 |
KR20000016046A (ko) | 2000-03-25 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MK1K | Patent expired |