NO317766B1 - Expandable source view - Google Patents
Expandable source view Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO317766B1 NO317766B1 NO19995248A NO995248A NO317766B1 NO 317766 B1 NO317766 B1 NO 317766B1 NO 19995248 A NO19995248 A NO 19995248A NO 995248 A NO995248 A NO 995248A NO 317766 B1 NO317766 B1 NO 317766B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- well screen
- slits
- filter plates
- screen according
- strip
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
- E21B43/103—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells of expandable casings, screens, liners, or the like
- E21B43/108—Expandable screens or perforated liners
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/08—Screens or liners
- E21B43/086—Screens with preformed openings, e.g. slotted liners
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
- E21B43/10—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells
- E21B43/103—Setting of casings, screens, liners or the like in wells of expandable casings, screens, liners, or the like
Landscapes
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Separation Of Particles Using Liquids (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en ekspanderbar brannsikt for å hindre migrering av faste partikler inn i en produksjonsbrønn for hydrokarbonfiuid. The present invention relates to an expandable fire screen to prevent the migration of solid particles into a hydrocarbon fluid production well.
Mer spesielt angår oppfinnelsen en ekspanderbar brannsikt som omfatter flere filterplater som er festet i irisform og koaksialt med et ekspanderbart slisset bærerør, slik at mengden av overlapping mellom tilstøtende filterplater blir redusert som et resultat av ekspansjonen av røret. More particularly, the invention relates to an expandable fire screen comprising several filter plates which are fixed in an iris shape and coaxially with an expandable slotted carrier tube, so that the amount of overlap between adjacent filter plates is reduced as a result of the expansion of the tube.
En slik ekspanderbar brannsikt er beskrevet i søkerens samtidige internasjonale søknad PCT/EP96/04887 (W097/17524). Such an expandable fire screen is described in the applicant's concurrent international application PCT/EP96/04887 (W097/17524).
Figur 3 i denne kjente referansen beskriver at filterplatene består av plater i hvilke en rekke sirkulære perforeringer er til stede. Størrelsen av disse perforeringene er valgt slik at faste partikler som er større enn hullet blir hindret fra å strømme inn i brønnen. Figure 3 in this known reference describes that the filter plates consist of plates in which a number of circular perforations are present. The size of these perforations is chosen so that solid particles larger than the hole are prevented from flowing into the well.
Et passende ekspanderbart slisset sperrerør for bruk med sikten er beskrevet i PCT7EP93/01460 (WO93/25800). A suitable expandable slotted barrier tube for use with the sight is described in PCT7EP93/01460 (WO93/25800).
Man har funnet at filterplatene som er festet til et ekspanderbart slisset sperrerør er deformert betydelig under prosessen med å ekspandere bærerøret ved å føre en ekspansjonsspindel gjennom det. Bærerøret forkortes normalt under ekspansjonsprosessen som følge av at åpningen i de aksiale slissene nærmer seg en rombeform. It has been found that the filter plates attached to an expandable slotted baffle tube are significantly deformed during the process of expanding the carrier tube by passing an expansion spindle through it. The carrier tube is normally shortened during the expansion process as a result of the opening in the axial slots approaching a room shape.
Dette kan forårsake at filterplatene bulker seg for å gi rom for bærerørets avkortning, slik at friksjon mellom de overlappende filterplater og bærerøret eller rørene kan forårsake at filterplatene rives opp. This can cause the filter plates to buckle to make room for the carrier tube to be shortened, so that friction between the overlapping filter plates and the carrier tube or tubes can cause the filter plates to tear open.
Et mål for den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å frembringe en brannsikt bestående av en irisformet plassering av filterplater som ikke bulkes og som glir lett i forhold til hverandre og i forhold til bærerøret når bærerøret ekspanderer. Dette oppnås med brønnsikten ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse slik den er definert med de i kravene anførte trekk. An aim of the present invention is to produce a fire screen consisting of an iris-shaped arrangement of filter plates which do not dent and which slide easily in relation to each other and in relation to the carrier tube when the carrier tube expands. This is achieved with the well screen according to the present invention as defined by the features listed in the claims.
Brønnsikten ifølge oppfinnelsen omfatter filterplater som har slisser som er orientert i en i det vesentlige perifer orientering i forhold til bærerøret. The well screen according to the invention comprises filter plates which have slots which are oriented in an essentially peripheral orientation in relation to the carrier pipe.
I det etterfølgende betyr henvisningen til en perifer plassering av hver sliss at slissene er rettet i det vesentlige tangensialt til bærerøret, og slik at slissene er orientert i det vesentlige transversalt til bærerørets senterakse og de aksiale slissene i bærerøret. In what follows, the reference to a peripheral location of each slot means that the slots are directed substantially tangentially to the carrier tube, and so that the slots are oriented substantially transversely to the center axis of the carrier tube and the axial slots in the carrier tube.
Filterplatene består fortrinnsvis av langstrakte strimler med rekker av spor i transversal retning i forhold til en lengdeakse for hver strimmel. The filter plates preferably consist of elongated strips with rows of grooves in a transverse direction in relation to a longitudinal axis for each strip.
Mønsteret av slisser er fortrinnsvis slik at vekslende rekker blir forskjøvet til en halv slisseavstand i transversal retning, hvor lengden av slissene er større enn halve den transversale slisse avstand, og mønsteret av slisser fortsetter gjennom de langsgående kanter av strimlene. The pattern of slits is preferably such that alternating rows are offset to half a slit distance in the transverse direction, where the length of the slits is greater than half the transverse slit distance, and the pattern of slits continues through the longitudinal edges of the strips.
Det er også å foretrekke at hver strimmel er festet ved regelmessig atskilte punkter langs lengden av det ekspanderbare slissede bærerøret, og at hver strimmel er festet på det ekspanderbare slissede bærerøret ved punktene, med punktsveising, hardlodding, lodding, liming, bolting eller skruing av strimmelen til røret ved hvert punkt. It is also preferred that each strip is attached at regularly spaced points along the length of the expandable slotted support tube, and that each strip is attached to the expandable slotted support tube at the points, by spot welding, brazing, brazing, gluing, bolting or screwing the strip to the pipe at each point.
Disse og andre aspekter, trekk og fordeler ved brønnsikten ifølge oppfinnelsen vil fremgå av kravene, sammendraget og den følgende detaljerte beskrivelsen med henvisning til tegningen, hvor figur 1 viser et tverrsnitt av en brønnsikt som omfatter en irisformet konfigurasjon av filterplater ifølge oppfinnelsen, figur 2 viser et lengdesnitt av brønnsikten på figur 1, figur 3 viser et sideriss av brønnsikten på figur 1 og 2, hvor det beskyttende omliggende rør er utelatt, og figur 4 og figur 4A, B, C og D viser den opprinnelige formen og deformasjonen av de perifere slisser nær en langsgående kant av filterplaten før, under og etter ekspansjonsprosessen. These and other aspects, features and advantages of the well screen according to the invention will be apparent from the claims, the summary and the following detailed description with reference to the drawing, where figure 1 shows a cross-section of a well screen comprising an iris-shaped configuration of filter plates according to the invention, figure 2 shows a longitudinal section of the well screen in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows a side view of the well screen in Figures 1 and 2, where the protective surrounding pipe is omitted, and Figure 4 and Figures 4A, B, C and D show the original shape and deformation of the peripheral slits near a longitudinal edge of the filter plate before, during and after the expansion process.
Det henvises nå til figur 1, hvor det er vist et ekspanderbart slisset bærerør 1 som er omgitt av en brønnsikt 2 omfattende en rekke filterplater 3 som er anordnet i en irisformet konfigurasjon rundt bærerøret 1. Som vist på figurene 2 og 3, består filterplatene 3 av langstrakte rektangulære strimler som hver, som vist på figur 1 er festet til bærerøret 1 ved festepunkter 4 plassert på eller nær den langsgående senterlinje av filterplaten 3 ved for eksempel punktsveising, hardlodding, lodding, liming, bolting eller skruing ved regulært atskilte punkter langs lengden av bærerøret 1. Festepunktene er plassert ved knutepunktene mellom endene på slissene av bærerøret. Reference is now made to Figure 1, where an expandable slotted carrier pipe 1 is shown which is surrounded by a well screen 2 comprising a number of filter plates 3 which are arranged in an iris-shaped configuration around the carrier pipe 1. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the filter plates 3 consist of elongated rectangular strips each of which, as shown in Figure 1, is attached to the carrier tube 1 at attachment points 4 located on or near the longitudinal center line of the filter plate 3 by, for example, spot welding, brazing, soldering, gluing, bolting or screwing at regularly spaced points along the length of the carrier pipe 1. The attachment points are located at the junctions between the ends of the slots of the carrier pipe.
Filterplatene 3 overlapper hverandre i både aksial og perifer retning slik at under og etter ekspansjonsprosessen som er illustrert på figur 4, i det minste noe overlapping gjenstår mellom nærliggende filterplater 3. The filter plates 3 overlap each other in both axial and peripheral directions so that during and after the expansion process illustrated in Figure 4, at least some overlap remains between neighboring filter plates 3.
På figur 3 er det beskyttende omliggende røret 5 som er vist på figurene 1 og 2, utelatt for å vise filterplatene som hver omfatter en serie forskjøvne rekker med perifere slisser 6 som er orientert i en i det vesentlige tangential retning i forhold til bærerøret 1 og i det vesentlige transversalt til de aksiale slissene 7 i bærerøret og den sentrale akse 8 av bærerøret 1. In Figure 3, the protective surrounding tube 5 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is omitted to show the filter plates each comprising a series of staggered rows of peripheral slots 6 which are oriented in a substantially tangential direction to the carrier tube 1 and substantially transverse to the axial slots 7 in the carrier tube and the central axis 8 of the carrier tube 1.
Som vist på figur 4 blir bærerøret 1 ekspandert ved en ekspansjonskon 9 under ekspansjonsprosessen, slik at de aksiale slissene 7 deformeres til en rombeform. As shown in Figure 4, the carrier pipe 1 is expanded by an expansion cone 9 during the expansion process, so that the axial slits 7 are deformed into a rhombic shape.
Ekspansjonen forårsaker at bærerøret 1 forkortes, og som vist på figurene 4A-D, vil de perifere slissene 6 ved og nær den langsgående kanten av filterplaten 3 bli åpnet til den rombeformen som er vist på figur 4B, og så lukkes til den X-formen som er vist på figur 4C, og så delvis gjenåpnes til den nøkkelhullformen som er vist på figur 4D. The expansion causes the carrier tube 1 to shorten, and as shown in Figures 4A-D, the peripheral slits 6 at and near the longitudinal edge of the filter plate 3 will be opened to the diamond shape shown in Figure 4B, and then closed to the X shape as shown in Figure 4C, and then partially reopened to the keyhole shape shown in Figure 4D.
Den viste sekvensielle åpningen og lukkingen av de perifere slissene 6 gir aksial fleksibilitet til filterplatene 3 som hindrer bulking eller riving av de skjøre platene 3 under ekspansjon av bærerøret 1. The shown sequential opening and closing of the peripheral slits 6 gives axial flexibility to the filter plates 3 which prevents buckling or tearing of the fragile plates 3 during expansion of the carrier tube 1.
De perifere slissene 6 tillater også de overlappende platene 3 å gli lett i forhold til hverandre under ekspansjonsprosessen. The peripheral slots 6 also allow the overlapping plates 3 to slide easily relative to each other during the expansion process.
Istedenfor å anordne filterplatene 3 i langsgående retning rundt bærerøret 1, som vist på figur 3, kan filterplatene 3 anordnes i en grunn spiral rundt bærerøret 1.1 et slikt tilfelle må stigningsvinkelen velges liten nok til at avviket i slissene 6 fra den tangentiale retningen av bærerøret 1 er mindre enn 20°. Instead of arranging the filter plates 3 in a longitudinal direction around the carrier pipe 1, as shown in Figure 3, the filter plates 3 can be arranged in a shallow spiral around the carrier pipe 1. In such a case, the pitch angle must be chosen small enough so that the deviation in the slots 6 from the tangential direction of the carrier pipe 1 is less than 20°.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP97201267 | 1997-04-28 | ||
| PCT/EP1998/002577 WO1998049423A1 (en) | 1997-04-28 | 1998-04-27 | Expandable well screen |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO995248L NO995248L (en) | 1999-10-27 |
| NO995248D0 NO995248D0 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
| NO317766B1 true NO317766B1 (en) | 2004-12-13 |
Family
ID=8228269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO19995248A NO317766B1 (en) | 1997-04-28 | 1999-10-27 | Expandable source view |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0980462B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU717503B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9809005A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2284865C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69810610T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0980462T3 (en) |
| ID (1) | ID22839A (en) |
| MY (1) | MY119637A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO317766B1 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ337859A (en) |
| OA (1) | OA11211A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2197600C2 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA57785C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998049423A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (29)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6263972B1 (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 2001-07-24 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Coiled tubing screen and method of well completion |
| MY121129A (en) * | 1999-02-01 | 2005-12-30 | Shell Int Research | Method for creating secondary sidetracks in a well system |
| GB9921557D0 (en) * | 1999-09-14 | 1999-11-17 | Petroline Wellsystems Ltd | Downhole apparatus |
| US6457518B1 (en) * | 2000-05-05 | 2002-10-01 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Expandable well screen |
| US6530431B1 (en) | 2000-06-22 | 2003-03-11 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Screen jacket assembly connection and methods of using same |
| US6412565B1 (en) | 2000-07-27 | 2002-07-02 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Expandable screen jacket and methods of using same |
| NO20013594L (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-01-28 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Procedures for open-hole sand packing with expandable screens |
| US6695054B2 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2004-02-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Expandable sand screen and methods for use |
| US6799637B2 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2004-10-05 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Expandable tubing and method |
| US6789621B2 (en) | 2000-08-03 | 2004-09-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Intelligent well system and method |
| US6494261B1 (en) | 2000-08-16 | 2002-12-17 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Apparatus and methods for perforating a subterranean formation |
| GB2382607A (en) * | 2000-08-18 | 2003-06-04 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Expandable coupling |
| GB2395214B (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2004-12-29 | Schlumberger Holdings | Expandable wellbore tubing |
| RU2225497C2 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2004-03-10 | Шлюмбергер Текнолоджи Б.В. | Device with expandable tubular component and method for using this device in the well |
| GB2379691B8 (en) * | 2000-10-20 | 2012-12-19 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Expandable wellbore tubing |
| US20040011534A1 (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2004-01-22 | Simonds Floyd Randolph | Apparatus and method for completing an interval of a wellbore while drilling |
| US6543545B1 (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2003-04-08 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Expandable sand control device and specialized completion system and method |
| US6568472B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2003-05-27 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Method and apparatus for washing a borehole ahead of screen expansion |
| DE60226185D1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2008-06-05 | Schlumberger Technology Bv | Bistable, expandable device and method for expanding such a device |
| US7168485B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2007-01-30 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Expandable systems that facilitate desired fluid flow |
| US6695067B2 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2004-02-24 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Wellbore isolation technique |
| NO335594B1 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2015-01-12 | Halliburton Energy Serv Inc | Expandable devices and methods thereof |
| US20030070811A1 (en) | 2001-10-12 | 2003-04-17 | Robison Clark E. | Apparatus and method for perforating a subterranean formation |
| US7886831B2 (en) | 2003-01-22 | 2011-02-15 | Enventure Global Technology, L.L.C. | Apparatus for radially expanding and plastically deforming a tubular member |
| US7712522B2 (en) | 2003-09-05 | 2010-05-11 | Enventure Global Technology, Llc | Expansion cone and system |
| CA2577083A1 (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2006-02-23 | Mark Shuster | Tubular member expansion apparatus |
| RU2479711C1 (en) * | 2011-11-28 | 2013-04-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Татнефть" имени В.Д. Шашина | Reinforcement method of productive formations at thermal methods of oil extraction, and extendable filter for its implementation |
| GB201323121D0 (en) | 2013-12-30 | 2014-02-12 | Darcy Technologies Ltd | Downhole Apparatus |
| US11441399B2 (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2022-09-13 | Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations Llc | Downhole conformable screen system and method of making a conformable screen for downhole use |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2812025A (en) * | 1955-01-24 | 1957-11-05 | James U Teague | Expansible liner |
| US3353599A (en) * | 1964-08-04 | 1967-11-21 | Gulf Oil Corp | Method and apparatus for stabilizing formations |
| UA67719C2 (en) * | 1995-11-08 | 2004-07-15 | Shell Int Research | Deformable well filter and method for its installation |
-
1998
- 1998-04-24 MY MYPI9801852 patent/MY119637A/en unknown
- 1998-04-27 EP EP98924261A patent/EP0980462B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-27 UA UA99116448A patent/UA57785C2/en unknown
- 1998-04-27 WO PCT/EP1998/002577 patent/WO1998049423A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-04-27 CA CA002284865A patent/CA2284865C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-27 ID IDW991281A patent/ID22839A/en unknown
- 1998-04-27 BR BR9809005-4A patent/BR9809005A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-27 RU RU99125079A patent/RU2197600C2/en active
- 1998-04-27 NZ NZ337859A patent/NZ337859A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-27 DE DE69810610T patent/DE69810610T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-04-27 AU AU76517/98A patent/AU717503B2/en not_active Expired
- 1998-04-27 DK DK98924261T patent/DK0980462T3/en active
-
1999
- 1999-10-27 NO NO19995248A patent/NO317766B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-10-28 OA OA9900238A patent/OA11211A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69810610T2 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
| EP0980462B1 (en) | 2003-01-08 |
| NZ337859A (en) | 2000-03-27 |
| EP0980462A1 (en) | 2000-02-23 |
| BR9809005A (en) | 2000-08-08 |
| CA2284865C (en) | 2005-10-25 |
| AU7651798A (en) | 1998-11-24 |
| OA11211A (en) | 2003-07-18 |
| NO995248L (en) | 1999-10-27 |
| MY119637A (en) | 2005-06-30 |
| DK0980462T3 (en) | 2003-04-07 |
| WO1998049423A1 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
| CA2284865A1 (en) | 1998-11-05 |
| DE69810610D1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
| RU2197600C2 (en) | 2003-01-27 |
| NO995248D0 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
| AU717503B2 (en) | 2000-03-30 |
| ID22839A (en) | 1999-12-09 |
| UA57785C2 (en) | 2003-07-15 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK1K | Patent expired |