NO310349B1 - Fremgangsmåte for å forhindre sulfidstöveksplosjoner i forbindelse med ettersprengning - Google Patents
Fremgangsmåte for å forhindre sulfidstöveksplosjoner i forbindelse med ettersprengning Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO310349B1 NO310349B1 NO19983311A NO983311A NO310349B1 NO 310349 B1 NO310349 B1 NO 310349B1 NO 19983311 A NO19983311 A NO 19983311A NO 983311 A NO983311 A NO 983311A NO 310349 B1 NO310349 B1 NO 310349B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- blasting
- sulphide
- explosive
- amount
- oxidation salt
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001963 alkali metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001964 alkaline earth metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001485 alkali metal perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013000 chemical inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- -1 nitrate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical class OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;sodium;phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QXJJQWWVWRCVQT-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TVBSSDNEJWXWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid perchloric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O.OCl(=O)(=O)=O TVBSSDNEJWXWFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002918 oxazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical group [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/10—Feeding explosives in granular or slurry form; Feeding explosives by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/899,823 US5907119A (en) | 1997-07-24 | 1997-07-24 | Method of preventing afterblast sulfide dust explosions |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO983311D0 NO983311D0 (no) | 1998-07-17 |
| NO983311L NO983311L (no) | 1999-01-25 |
| NO310349B1 true NO310349B1 (no) | 2001-06-25 |
Family
ID=25411608
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO19983311A NO310349B1 (no) | 1997-07-24 | 1998-07-17 | Fremgangsmåte for å forhindre sulfidstöveksplosjoner i forbindelse med ettersprengning |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5907119A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0895055B1 (de) |
| AR (1) | AR014897A1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE242473T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU751108B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR9802555A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2240755C (de) |
| CO (1) | CO5031338A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69815223T2 (de) |
| ID (1) | ID20802A (de) |
| NO (1) | NO310349B1 (de) |
| PE (1) | PE95999A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA986204B (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1098164A1 (de) * | 1999-11-05 | 2001-05-09 | "Holderbank" Cement und Beton HCB-Zementproduktion | Verfahren zum Anbringen einer Sprengladung |
| DE10105590B4 (de) * | 2001-02-06 | 2005-04-28 | Westspreng Gmbh Sprengstoffe & | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Füllen eines Hohlraumes mit breiförmigem Sprengstoff |
| CN103362536B (zh) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-06-24 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种用于治理煤田火灾的含粉煤灰阻化浆体制备方法 |
| US11203555B2 (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2021-12-21 | The University of Sydney Commercial Development & Industry Partnerships | Blasting agent |
| AU2019207518B2 (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2024-03-21 | Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited | Explosive compositions for use in reactive ground and related methods |
| SG11202006602WA (en) | 2018-02-20 | 2020-08-28 | Dyno Nobel Inc | Inhibited emulsions for use in blasting in reactive ground or under high temperature conditions |
| US20200216369A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-09 | Dyno Nobel Asia Pacific Pty Limited | Explosive compositions with reduced fume |
| CN110715588A (zh) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-01-21 | 北方爆破科技有限公司 | 一种降低露天爆破粉尘的方法 |
| CN110779410A (zh) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-11 | 中国矿业大学 | 一种露天煤矿台阶爆破降尘方法 |
| CN111023931B (zh) * | 2020-01-03 | 2022-06-28 | 湘潭大学 | 一种降低矿井爆破粉尘和有害气体浓度的布局结构及方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3708356A (en) * | 1970-12-10 | 1973-01-02 | Us Interior | Urea-modified ammonium nitrate-fuel oil explosives |
| ZA782057B (en) * | 1978-04-11 | 1979-11-28 | Aeci Ltd | Blasting explosives composition |
| SE428919C (sv) * | 1978-10-23 | 1984-11-19 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Forfarande for tillverkning av icke sprengkapselkensligt emulsionssprengemne |
| JPS5913690A (ja) * | 1982-07-13 | 1984-01-24 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | 熱的に安定な含水爆薬組成物 |
| NO151003C (no) * | 1982-12-23 | 1987-01-07 | Norsk Hydro As | Emulsjonssprengstoff. |
| US5271779A (en) * | 1988-02-22 | 1993-12-21 | Nitro Nobel Ab | Making a reduced volume strength blasting composition |
| US4872929A (en) * | 1988-08-29 | 1989-10-10 | Atlas Powder Company | Composite explosive utilizing water-soluble fuels |
| ZA902603B (en) * | 1989-04-11 | 1991-01-30 | Ici Australia Operations | Explosive composition |
| US4960475A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1990-10-02 | Cranney Don H | Surfactant for gassed emulsion explosive |
| US5159153A (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1992-10-27 | Cranney Don H | Emulsion that is compatible with reactive sulfide/pyrite ores |
| US5076867A (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1991-12-31 | Mckenzie Lee F | Stabilized emulsion explosive and method |
| CA2061049C (en) * | 1992-02-12 | 2001-09-04 | William B. Evans | Cap-sensitive packaged emulsion explosive having modified partition between shock and gas energy |
| US5608185A (en) * | 1995-01-31 | 1997-03-04 | Dyno Nobel Inc. | Method of reducing nitrogen oxide fumes in blasting |
| US5507889A (en) * | 1995-03-24 | 1996-04-16 | Ici Explosives Usa Inc. | Precompression resistant emulsion explosive |
-
1997
- 1997-07-24 US US08/899,823 patent/US5907119A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1998
- 1998-07-09 CA CA002240755A patent/CA2240755C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-07-13 ZA ZA9806204A patent/ZA986204B/xx unknown
- 1998-07-15 AU AU76204/98A patent/AU751108B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-07-17 NO NO19983311A patent/NO310349B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-21 EP EP98305824A patent/EP0895055B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-21 DE DE69815223T patent/DE69815223T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-07-21 AT AT98305824T patent/ATE242473T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-21 PE PE1998000655A patent/PE95999A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-07-22 ID IDP981033A patent/ID20802A/id unknown
- 1998-07-22 CO CO98041708A patent/CO5031338A1/es unknown
- 1998-07-22 BR BR9802555-4A patent/BR9802555A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-07-23 AR ARP980103632A patent/AR014897A1/es active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PE95999A1 (es) | 1999-10-05 |
| EP0895055B1 (de) | 2003-06-04 |
| AU7620498A (en) | 1999-02-04 |
| ZA986204B (en) | 1999-07-30 |
| US5907119A (en) | 1999-05-25 |
| DE69815223D1 (de) | 2003-07-10 |
| NO983311L (no) | 1999-01-25 |
| CA2240755A1 (en) | 1999-01-24 |
| BR9802555A (pt) | 1999-11-03 |
| ATE242473T1 (de) | 2003-06-15 |
| AR014897A1 (es) | 2001-04-11 |
| AU751108B2 (en) | 2002-08-08 |
| EP0895055A2 (de) | 1999-02-03 |
| CA2240755C (en) | 2000-03-21 |
| NO983311D0 (no) | 1998-07-17 |
| ID20802A (id) | 1999-03-04 |
| DE69815223T2 (de) | 2003-12-04 |
| CO5031338A1 (es) | 2001-04-27 |
| EP0895055A3 (de) | 2000-03-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK1K | Patent expired |