NO171118B - DEVICE FOR METAL MELTS - Google Patents
DEVICE FOR METAL MELTS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO171118B NO171118B NO903600A NO903600A NO171118B NO 171118 B NO171118 B NO 171118B NO 903600 A NO903600 A NO 903600A NO 903600 A NO903600 A NO 903600A NO 171118 B NO171118 B NO 171118B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- melt
- electrodes
- suction
- conductivity
- cryolite
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 title description 8
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018134 Al-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018467 Al—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/14—Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D37/00—Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
- F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D2003/0034—Means for moving, conveying, transporting the charge in the furnace or in the charging facilities
- F27D2003/0054—Means to move molten metal, e.g. electromagnetic pump
- F27D2003/0056—Means to move molten metal, e.g. electromagnetic pump through a syphon in a vacuum chamber, e.g. involving aspiration or pressure on the bath
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D21/00—Arrangements of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
- F27D2021/0057—Security or safety devices, e.g. for protection against heat, noise, pollution or too much duress; Ergonomic aspects
- F27D2021/0078—Security or safety devices, e.g. for protection against heat, noise, pollution or too much duress; Ergonomic aspects against the presence of an undesirable element in the atmosphere of the furnace
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D2201/00—Manipulation of furnace parts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en anordning for bruk ved oppsuging av metallsmelte The present invention relates to a device for use when sucking up molten metal
fra en smeltevogn eller liknende, hvor det er viktig å unngå å få med forurensninger av forskjellig slag. from a melting wagon or similar, where it is important to avoid bringing in contaminants of various kinds.
Et eksempel er oppsuging av aluminium fra et smeltebad, hvor det er viktig å unngå å An example is the absorption of aluminum from a molten pool, where it is important to avoid
få med forurensninger av badsmelte, kryolitt/oksyd eller slam. reduce contamination from bath melt, cryolite/oxide or sludge.
Ved fremstilling av primær aluminium i karbonovn, blir ovnen tappet ca. én gang pr. døgn for omtrent ett tonn smelte. Det skjer ved at et rør stikkes ned i smeiten, og smelte suges opp. Ved slik oppsuging kan også en flytende blanding av oksyd og kryolitt eller bunnslam bli sugd opp sammen med aluminium. Ved uheldige tapninger kan mengden av slike forurensninger komme opp i fra 1 til 100 kg. Temperaturen i oppsugd smelte avtar kontinuerlig, først i tappevognen og deretter ved overføringen til mikserovn. Tilstedeværelsen av slike forurensninger som nevnt over, vil føre til at kryolitt-oksydblandingen størkner kontinuerlig på vegger i tappedigel og mikserovn, samt på overflaten. Resultatet blir gjengroing av ovner og vogner, med behov for hyppig rensing. I særlig uheldige tilfeller kan dyser bli blokkert og rotorer ødelagt. When producing primary aluminum in a carbon furnace, the furnace is drained approx. once per day for approximately one tonne of melt. This happens by inserting a tube into the smelter, and the melt is sucked up. With such suction, a liquid mixture of oxide and cryolite or bottom sludge can also be suctioned up together with aluminium. In the event of accidental bottlings, the quantity of such contaminants can reach from 1 to 100 kg. The temperature in the aspirated melt decreases continuously, first in the tapping wagon and then during the transfer to the mixing furnace. The presence of such contaminants as mentioned above will cause the cryolite-oxide mixture to solidify continuously on the walls of the crucible and mixer oven, as well as on the surface. The result is overgrowth of ovens and carriages, with the need for frequent cleaning. In particularly unfortunate cases, nozzles can become blocked and rotors destroyed.
Ved tilstedeværelse av kryolitt i en smelte som inneholder magnesium, vil det skje en reaksjon som innebærer at det dannes fritt natrium i smeiten. Høy konsentrasjon av natrium vil kunne føre til sprekkdannelse i emner av høylegert Al-Mg legeringer, med høy vrakprosent og økede produksjonsomkostninger pr. enhet. In the presence of cryolite in a melt containing magnesium, a reaction will occur which means that free sodium is formed in the melt. A high concentration of sodium could lead to cracking in workpieces of high-alloy Al-Mg alloys, with a high percentage of scrap and increased production costs per unit.
Det er i aluminiumsindustrien erkjent et stort behov for utstyr og/eller metoder som It is recognized in the aluminum industry that there is a great need for equipment and/or methods which
kan hindre uønsket oppsuging av slike forurensninger. Det produseres i Norge ca. can prevent unwanted absorption of such pollutants. It is produced in Norway approx.
800 000 tonn primær aluminium pr. år, mens produksjonene i hele verden er ca. 800,000 tonnes of primary aluminum per year, while worldwide production is approx.
14 millioner tonn. 14 million tonnes.
I forbindelse med fremstilling av magnesium ved elektrolyse av magnesiumklorid, tappes det rene magnesium, som er lettere enn saltsmelten, direkte av fra toppen av smeiten. Ved slik avtapning kan ofte noe salt følge med metallet. Dersom ikke dette kan unngås eller fjernes, vil det føre til et mer korrosivt produkt. Produsenter av magnesium har derfor behov for utstyr eller metoder for å hindre at salt kan følge med metallsmelten ved avtapning. Årlig produksjon av magnesium i Norge er ca. 50.000 tonn, mens det på verdensbasis blir produsert ca. 350.000 tonn. In connection with the production of magnesium by electrolysis of magnesium chloride, the pure magnesium, which is lighter than the molten salt, is tapped off directly from the top of the smelting. With such extraction, some salt can often accompany the metal. If this cannot be avoided or removed, it will lead to a more corrosive product. Manufacturers of magnesium therefore need equipment or methods to prevent salt from accompanying the metal melt during extraction. Annual production of magnesium in Norway is approx. 50,000 tonnes, while on a global basis approx. 350,000 tonnes.
Fra GB patent nr. 1.220.489 er det kjent et apparat for påvisning av vann i en ikke strøm-ledende væske som ikke er blandbar med vann, så som flytende hydrokarboner. From GB patent no. 1,220,489 an apparatus is known for the detection of water in a non-current-conducting liquid which is not miscible with water, such as liquid hydrocarbons.
Fra US patent nr. 4.751.466 er det kjent et instrument for måling av absolutt ledningsevne i væsker ved hjelp av elektroder som plasseres inne i sylinderformet væske-beholder samt nødvendig elektronikk. From US patent no. 4,751,466 an instrument is known for measuring absolute conductivity in liquids by means of electrodes which are placed inside a cylindrical liquid container as well as the necessary electronics.
I tysk patent nr. 34 27 050 er det beskrevet en fremgangsmåte for å bestemme ledningsevne, trykk og temperatur i flytende medier, spesielt havvann. German patent no. 34 27 050 describes a method for determining conductivity, pressure and temperature in liquid media, especially sea water.
Litteraturen viser at det er velkjent at væskers ledningsevne kan benyttes i forbindelse med påvisning av tilstedeværelse av uønsket materiale i en væske, samt for mer generelle formål. Til tross for dette, og til tross for det lenge erkjente problem med oppsuging av kryolitt, bunnslam og metallsalter i den metallproduserende industri, er det såvidt vites til nå ikke foreslått et eneste effektivt tiltak for å råde bot på ovennevnte problem. The literature shows that it is well known that the conductivity of liquids can be used in connection with the detection of the presence of unwanted material in a liquid, as well as for more general purposes. Despite this, and despite the long-recognized problem with the absorption of cryolite, bottom mud and metal salts in the metal-producing industry, as far as is known, not a single effective measure has been proposed to remedy the above-mentioned problem.
Ved foreliggende oppfinnelse er det tatt sikte på å overkomme ovennevnte problemer gjennom en anordning som er enkel og billig i bruk, driftssikker, og som er i stand til å reagere så raskt at problemet med uønsket oppsuging av forurensninger kan unngås nesten kvantitativt. With the present invention, the aim is to overcome the above-mentioned problems through a device which is simple and cheap to use, reliable in operation, and which is able to react so quickly that the problem of unwanted absorption of pollutants can be avoided almost quantitatively.
Nærmere bestemt angår oppfinnelsen en anordning for anvendelse sammen med tappevogner for smelteovner, kjennetegnet ved at anordningen omfatter minst to elektroder som er anbragt på tappevognens oppsugingsrør på slik måte at de er i direkte kontakt med smeiten under oppsuging, og at minst to elektroder er tilkoblet et instrument egnet til å detektere variasjoner i ledningsevne mellom elektrodene. More specifically, the invention relates to a device for use together with draw cars for smelting furnaces, characterized in that the device comprises at least two electrodes which are placed on the draw car's suction pipe in such a way that they are in direct contact with the melt during suction, and that at least two electrodes are connected to a instrument suitable for detecting variations in conductivity between the electrodes.
Foretrukne utførelsesformer av oppfinnelsen fremgår av det uselvstendige krav. Preferred embodiments of the invention appear from the independent claim.
Forskjellen i ledningsevne mellom den rene metallsmelte, og de forurensninger i form av kryolitt eller saltsmelte som kan bli sugd med, er så stor at selv små konsentrasjoner av forurensningene lar seg detektere. For eksempel er resistiviteten for ren aluminium-smelte ved 950 °C 3<*>10-<7>ohm.m, mens resistiviteten for kryolitt ved tilsvarende betingelser er 3,5<*>10"<3>. The difference in conductivity between the pure molten metal and the contaminants in the form of cryolite or molten salt that can be sucked in is so great that even small concentrations of the contaminants can be detected. For example, the resistivity of pure aluminum melt at 950 °C is 3<*>10-<7>ohm.m, while the resistivity of cryolite under similar conditions is 3.5<*>10"<3>.
Deteksjon av urenheter i smeiten som suges opp kan settes til å styre ulike signaler. I sin enkleste form kan det forårsake tenning av en varsellampe, slike at videre inngrep må skje manuelt. Dette er imidlertid som regel ikke hensiktsmessig i forbindelse med industriell produksjon, der store volumer smelte suges opp svært raskt. I en foretrukket utførelse av oppfinnelsen styres derfor nødvendig reguleringsteknisk utstyr, slik at oppsugingen av smelte stanser øyeblikkelig, og/eller at den forurensede smelte blir omdirigert eller returnert til ovnen. Detection of impurities in the smelt that is sucked up can be set to control various signals. In its simplest form, it can cause a warning light to come on, such that further intervention must be done manually. However, this is usually not appropriate in connection with industrial production, where large volumes of melt are absorbed very quickly. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the necessary regulatory technical equipment is therefore controlled, so that the suction of melt stops immediately, and/or that the contaminated melt is redirected or returned to the furnace.
I det følgende er oppfinnelsen omtalt nærmere under henvisning til figurene. In the following, the invention is described in more detail with reference to the figures.
Figur 1 viser en tappevogn uten bruk av oppfinnelsen, Figure 1 shows a bottling cart without using the invention,
Figur 2 viser en tappevogn som er tilkoblet en anordning iht. oppfinnelsen, Figure 2 shows a bottling trolley which is connected to a device in accordance with the invention,
Figur 3 viser et snitt av tapperøret med en foretrukket plassering av elektrodene iht. oppfinnelsens anordning. Figure 3 shows a section of the tap pipe with a preferred placement of the electrodes according to the device of the invention.
I figur 1 vises en smeltevogn omfattende anode (1) og katode (2). På overflaten av smeiten (3) er et sjikt av kryolitt (4), og på bunnen av ovnen er det dannet opp-samlinger av bunnslam (5). Fra et oppsugingsrør (6) tappes smelte over til en tappevogn (7). Figur 2 viser tilsvarende utstyr tilkoblet oppfinnelsens anordning. Således er det til røret (6) anordnet elektroder (8) for tilføring av strøm- eller spenningspulser ved hjelp av en strømgenerator (9) e.l. Til andre elektroder er det koblet en detektor (10) egnet til kontinuerlig å registrere ledningsevnen mellom elektrodene. Til denne kan det være koblet en koparator (11) e.l., som registrerer eventuelle avvik fra forventet ledningsevne. En styreenhet (12) tilkoblet komparatoren (11) kan ved avvik tenne en varsellampe (13) og/eller gi styresignal til anordninger (14) som sørger for at oppsugingen automatisk blir avbrutt eller omdirigert. Slike anordninger kan for eksempel omfatte ventiler, pumper o.l. Figur 3 gir et utsnitt av oppsugingsrøret iht. figur 2, og viser mer detaljert plasseringen av elektroden på røret. Figure 1 shows a melting cart comprising anode (1) and cathode (2). On the surface of the smelt (3) is a layer of cryolite (4), and on the bottom of the furnace, accumulations of bottom sludge (5) have formed. From a suction pipe (6), the melt is drained over to a discharge trolley (7). Figure 2 shows corresponding equipment connected to the device of the invention. Thus, the tube (6) is equipped with electrodes (8) for the supply of current or voltage pulses by means of a current generator (9) or the like. A detector (10) suitable for continuously recording the conductivity between the electrodes is connected to other electrodes. A coparator (11) etc. can be connected to this, which registers any deviations from the expected conductivity. A control unit (12) connected to the comparator (11) can light a warning lamp (13) in the event of a deviation and/or give a control signal to devices (14) which ensure that the suction is automatically interrupted or redirected. Such devices can, for example, include valves, pumps, etc. Figure 3 gives a section of the suction pipe according to figure 2, and shows in more detail the location of the electrode on the pipe.
Anordningen som vist på figur 2 og 3 omfatter 4 elektroder tilkoblet oppsugingsrøret (6). Det er også mulig å foreta kontinuerlig måling av resistans i smeiten ved hjelp av bare to elektroder tilkoblet røret. The device as shown in figures 2 and 3 comprises 4 electrodes connected to the suction pipe (6). It is also possible to carry out continuous measurement of resistance in the forge using only two electrodes connected to the pipe.
Siden forskjellen i resistivitet mellom den rene metallsmelte og forurensningene er svært stor, vil selv svært små mengder forurensning la seg påvise ved hjelp av anordninger ifølge oppfinnelsen. Since the difference in resistivity between the pure metal melt and the contaminants is very large, even very small amounts of contamination can be detected using devices according to the invention.
Når forurensninger blir påvist og oppsugingen stanses, kan den som opererer tappevognen endre sugerørets posisjon, og starte oppsuging av smelte på nytt. Etter endt oppsuging av ren smelte, leveres smeiten til bedriftens mikser- eller holdeovner. When contamination is detected and suction is stopped, the operator of the bottling trolley can change the position of the suction pipe and start suction of melt again. After the absorption of clean melt is finished, the smelt is delivered to the company's mixer or holding furnaces.
En alternativ fremgangsmåte ved forurensning består i at operatøren midlertidig setter måleutstyret ut av funksjon, og lar oppsugingen fortsette. Tappevognen med foruren- An alternative procedure in case of contamination consists in the operator temporarily putting the measuring equipment out of order, and allowing the suction to continue. The tank truck with the pollutant
set smelte blir da etter endt oppsuging sendt til en rensestasjon e.l. hvor smeiten kan spesialbehandles. En mulig rensemetode består i å flukse smeiten med aktiv gass og tappe av toppslagg (slam, oksyd, kryolitt) ved lav temperatur. The melted melt is then sent to a cleaning station, etc. where the smelt can be specially treated. A possible cleaning method consists in fluxing the smelt with active gas and draining off top slag (sludge, oxide, cryolite) at a low temperature.
En tredje mulighet består i å la styresignaler automatisk omdirigere smeiten til et annet kammer på tappevognen, slik at tappingen kan fortsette uavbrutt uten at den allerede oppsugde, rene smelte blir blandet med den forurensede. A third possibility consists in allowing control signals to automatically redirect the melt to another chamber on the bottling trolley, so that bottling can continue uninterrupted without the already absorbed, clean melt being mixed with the contaminated.
Nok et alternativ kan være å returnere all smelte tilbake til elektrolyseovnen og starte tapping på nytt. Denne fremgangsmåten vil imidlertid ofte innebære uheldig turbulens og temperatursenking i ovnen med mindre man introduserer særlige midler for å be-grense slike virkninger Another option would be to return all the melt back to the electrolytic furnace and start tapping again. However, this method will often involve unfavorable turbulence and temperature lowering in the oven unless special means are introduced to limit such effects
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO903600A NO171118B (en) | 1990-08-15 | 1990-08-15 | DEVICE FOR METAL MELTS |
| AU83914/91A AU8391491A (en) | 1990-08-15 | 1991-08-14 | Device for tapping vehicle for metal melts |
| PCT/NO1991/000110 WO1992003240A1 (en) | 1990-08-15 | 1991-08-14 | Device for tapping vehicle for metal melts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO903600A NO171118B (en) | 1990-08-15 | 1990-08-15 | DEVICE FOR METAL MELTS |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO903600D0 NO903600D0 (en) | 1990-08-15 |
| NO903600L NO903600L (en) | 1992-02-17 |
| NO171118B true NO171118B (en) | 1992-10-19 |
Family
ID=19893421
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO903600A NO171118B (en) | 1990-08-15 | 1990-08-15 | DEVICE FOR METAL MELTS |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU8391491A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO171118B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992003240A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5690888A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 1997-11-25 | Molten Metal Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for tapping a reactor containing a molten fluid |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE178605C1 (en) * | ||||
| NL124295C (en) * | 1958-06-03 | |||
| US3299706A (en) * | 1964-04-03 | 1967-01-24 | Latrobe Steel Co | Apparatus for measuring molten metal levels in ladles |
| US3370466A (en) * | 1965-09-24 | 1968-02-27 | United States Steel Corp | Method and apparatus for locating interfaces between fluids |
| SE413074B (en) * | 1976-10-25 | 1980-04-14 | Asea Ab | PROCEDURE FOR SEATING RESISTIVE VOLTAGE CASES AT THE METALLURGICAL CONTAINER |
| CH660701A5 (en) * | 1983-08-18 | 1987-06-15 | Metacon Ag | DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE PRESENCE OF METALLIC MELT IN A FLOW CHANNEL OF A METALLURGICAL OVEN OR A SPRAYER. |
| DE3722795A1 (en) * | 1987-07-10 | 1989-01-19 | Amepa | DEVICE FOR DETECTING SLAG FLOWING IN A FLOW OF A METAL MELT |
-
1990
- 1990-08-15 NO NO903600A patent/NO171118B/en unknown
-
1991
- 1991-08-14 WO PCT/NO1991/000110 patent/WO1992003240A1/en unknown
- 1991-08-14 AU AU83914/91A patent/AU8391491A/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1992003240A1 (en) | 1992-03-05 |
| NO903600L (en) | 1992-02-17 |
| NO903600D0 (en) | 1990-08-15 |
| AU8391491A (en) | 1992-03-17 |
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