NO168488B - SOLUTION MIXING. - Google Patents
SOLUTION MIXING. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO168488B NO168488B NO870581A NO870581A NO168488B NO 168488 B NO168488 B NO 168488B NO 870581 A NO870581 A NO 870581A NO 870581 A NO870581 A NO 870581A NO 168488 B NO168488 B NO 168488B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- mixture
- water
- carbonate
- soap
- weight
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 alkylbenzene sulfonate Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 13
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004028 organic sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005323 carbonate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trichloro-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound ClN1C(=O)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O YRIZYWQGELRKNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(ethylamino)ethanol Chemical compound CCNCCO MIJDSYMOBYNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUZRRICLUFMAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methyltaurine Chemical compound CNCCS(O)(=O)=O SUZRRICLUFMAQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical compound CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical class OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N(C(C)=O)CCN(C(C)=O)C(C)=O BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl propanol Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CO CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;carboxylatooxy carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)OOC([O-])=O VTIIJXUACCWYHX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002979 fabric softener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003966 growth inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001165 hydrophobic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002198 insoluble material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045996 isethionic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IHYNKGRWCDKNEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-bromophenyl)-2,6-dihydroxybenzamide Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 IHYNKGRWCDKNEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidophosphanium Chemical group [PH3]=O MPQXHAGKBWFSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000013966 potassium salts of fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940071207 sesquicarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005029 sieve analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940045870 sodium palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940045872 sodium percarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013875 sodium salts of fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GGXKEBACDBNFAF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950009390 symclosene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D10/00—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group
- C11D10/04—Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/10—Carbonates ; Bicarbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/1233—Carbonates, e.g. calcite or dolomite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/14—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/42—Amino alcohols or amino ethers
- C11D1/44—Ethers of polyoxyalkylenes with amino alcohols; Condensation products of epoxyalkanes with amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Vaskemiddelblanding med forbedret dispenserbarhet i automatiske vaskemaskiner og basert på en byggerblanding av et vannløselig alkalimetallkarbonat, for eksempel natriumkarbonat, og en vann-uløselig partikkelformig karbonat-kimkrystall for kalsiumkarbonat, for eksempel kalsitt. Blandingen omfatter et ternært aktivt system som inneholder 30-70% anjonisk aktivt materiale, for eksempel et alkylbenzensulfonat, 20-27av et ikke-ionisk aktivt materiale, for eksempel etoksylert allkohol, og minst 10% såpe. Imidlertid må såpen ikke overstige 10% av blandingen som helhet.Detergent composition with improved dispensability in automatic washing machines and based on a builder mixture of a water-soluble alkali metal carbonate, for example sodium carbonate, and a water-insoluble particulate carbonate seed crystal for calcium carbonate, for example calcite. The composition comprises a ternary active system containing 30-70% of anionically active material, for example an alkylbenzene sulfonate, 20-27 of a nonionic active material, for example ethoxylated alcohol, and at least 10% of soap. However, the soap must not exceed 10% of the mixture as a whole.
Description
Oppfinnelsen vedrører vaskemiddelblandinger. Disse vaskemiddelblandinger er ment brukt for vasking av tøy i en automatisk vaskemaskin, og disse blandinger inneholder lite eller intet av fosforholdige materialer. The invention relates to detergent mixtures. These detergent mixtures are intended to be used for washing clothes in an automatic washing machine, and these mixtures contain little or no phosphorus-containing materials.
Vaskemiddelblandinger inneholder vanligvis, i tillegg til et vaskeaktivt materiale, en vaskeevnebygger hvis rolle blant annet er å fjerne hardhetsioner fra vaskebadet som ellers kunne redusere effektiviteten av det vaskeaktive materialet. Vannløselige fosfat-materialer. har vært i utstrakt bruk som vaskeevnebyggere. Imidlertid har det av en rekke grunner, inklusive eutrofiering Detergent mixtures usually contain, in addition to a detergent active material, a detergency builder whose role, among other things, is to remove hardness ions from the washing bath which could otherwise reduce the effectiveness of the detergent active material. Water-soluble phosphate materials. have been in extensive use as washability builders. However, it has for a number of reasons, including eutrophication
som blir påstått å være forårsaket av fosfater, og også av pris-grunner, vært et ønske om i stedet å anvende alkalimetall-karbonater, spesielt natriumkarbonat. Alkalimetallkarbonatvaske-evnebyggere lider imidlertid av en rekke ulemper. For det første resulterer reaksjonen mellom alkalimetallkarbonatet og kalsiumioner som er til stede i hardt vann, i dannelse av vann-uløselig kalsiumkarbonat som, avhengig av forholdene, kan være i en slik form at det blir avsatt på det vaskede tøy. For det annet er reaksjonen mellom alkalimetallkarbonatet og kalsiumionene i vannet langsom, spesielt ved lave temperaturer, og inhiberes lett ved materialer som virker som kalsiumkarbonat-byggfellingsvekstinhibitorer, i det følgende betegnet gift. Resultatet av dette er at konsentrasjonen av kalsiumioner i vaskebadet ikke reduseres så vidtgående eller så hurtig som ønskelig, slik at noen frie kalsiumioner fremdeles er tilgjengelige til å redusere effektiviteten av det vaskeaktive materiale. which is alleged to be caused by phosphates, and also for reasons of price, there has been a desire to use instead alkali metal carbonates, especially sodium carbonate. However, alkali metal carbonate detergent builders suffer from a number of disadvantages. First, the reaction between the alkali metal carbonate and calcium ions present in hard water results in the formation of water-insoluble calcium carbonate which, depending on the conditions, may be in such a form that it is deposited on the washed laundry. Secondly, the reaction between the alkali metal carbonate and the calcium ions in the water is slow, especially at low temperatures, and is easily inhibited by materials that act as calcium carbonate build-up growth inhibitors, hereinafter referred to as poison. The result of this is that the concentration of calcium ions in the washing bath is not reduced as far or as quickly as desired, so that some free calcium ions are still available to reduce the effectiveness of the washing active material.
Som en mulig løsning på dette problem er det blitt foreslått As a possible solution to this problem, it has been proposed
å inkludere i vaskemiddelblandingen et vann-uløselig materiale som ville tjene som en kimkrystall for det utførte kalsiumkarbonat og ville absorbere giften fra vaskebadet. Blant andre materialer er findelt kalsitt blitt foreslått som et slikt materiale, se britisk patent 1 437 950. to include in the detergent mixture a water-insoluble material which would serve as a seed crystal for the calcium carbonate produced and would absorb the poison from the wash bath. Among other materials, finely divided calcite has been proposed as such a material, see British Patent 1,437,950.
Det vaskeaktive materiale kan velges fra en rekke klasser av materialer, men det foretrekkes å anvende en blanding av et anionisk ikke-såpeholdig vaskeaktivt materiale, et ikke-ionisk vaskeaktivt materiale og såpe. The detergent active material can be selected from a number of classes of materials, but it is preferred to use a mixture of an anionic non-soap detergent, a non-ionic detergent and soap.
Imidlertid er det funnet at vaskemiddelblandinger som inneholder et slikt ternært aktivt system sammen med et alkalimetallkarbonat og kalsitt, i sammenligning med ekvivalente blandinger som inneholder fosfater som vaskeevnebyggere, lider av dårlig dispenserbarhet fra automatiske vaskemaskiner. I slike maskiner anbringer brukeren en aktuell mengde av vaskepulver i en dispenser hvor det holdes tilbake inntil maskinen trenger det. Ved et passende øyeblikk i vaskesyklusen kommer vannet inn i dispenseren og vasker pulveret inn i et innmatingsrør som fører til vaskekammeret i maskinen. Hvis pulveret ikke vaskes vesentlig ut av dispenseren ved denne prosess, blir det ikke bare sløst med, men etter gjentatt bruk vil det bygge seg opp og til slutt blokkere dispenseren og/eller innmatingsrøret. Alternativt gjør det nødvendig for brukeren å rense dispenseren etter hver vaske-syklus. However, it has been found that detergent compositions containing such a ternary active system together with an alkali metal carbonate and calcite, in comparison with equivalent compositions containing phosphates as detergency builders, suffer from poor dispensability from automatic washing machines. In such machines, the user places an appropriate amount of washing powder in a dispenser where it is retained until the machine needs it. At an appropriate moment in the wash cycle, the water enters the dispenser and washes the powder into a feed pipe leading to the wash chamber of the machine. If the powder is not substantially washed out of the dispenser by this process, not only is it wasted, but after repeated use it will build up and eventually block the dispenser and/or feed tube. Alternatively, it makes it necessary for the user to clean the dispenser after each wash cycle.
Grunnen til den dårlige dispenserbarhet av karbonat/kalsitt baserte pulveret i noen maskiner forstås ikke helt ut, men vi har overraskende oppdaget at relativt god dispenserbarhet kan oppnås med utvalgte ternære aktive systemer. The reason for the poor dispensability of the carbonate/calcite based powder in some machines is not fully understood, but we have surprisingly discovered that relatively good dispensability can be achieved with selected ternary active systems.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen tilveiebringes derfor en vaskemiddelblanding som inneholder: (i) 5-25 vekt% av et vaskeaktivt system; som? omfatter en blanding av (a) et anionisk ikke-såpeholdig vaskeaktivt materiallen (b) et ikke-ionisk vaskeaktivt materiale; og; (c) såpe; (ii) 5-75 vekt% av et vannløselig' alkaaimetallkarbonat.;, og; (iii) 5-60 vekt% av et vannuløselig; partikkel f ormig karbonatr-materiale som er en kimkrystall for kalsiumkarbonat, According to the invention, a detergent mixture is therefore provided which contains: (i) 5-25% by weight of a detergent-active system; as? comprises a mixture of (a) an anionic non-soap detergent active material; (b) a non-ionic detergent active material; and; (c) soap; (ii) 5-75% by weight of a water-soluble alkali metal carbonate.;, and; (iii) 5-60% by weight of a water insoluble; particle of carbonate material which is a seed crystal for calcium carbonate,
og vaskemiddelblandingen er karakterisert ved at, basert på den totale vekt av komponentene (a) , (b;) og, fe) , nivået av (a) er fra 38 til 70%; nivået av (b) er fra 20 til 27%; og nivået av (c) er fra 10 til 35%, men ikke mer enn 8%, i vekt av hele blandingen. and the detergent mixture is characterized in that, based on the total weight of the components (a), (b;) and, fe) , the level of (a) is from 38 to 70%; the level of (b) is from 20 to 27%; and the level of (c) is from 10 to 35%, but not more than 8%, by weight of the entire mixture.
Britisk patentskrift 2 104 912 beskriver i eksempel 8 en kalsitt/karbonat-bygget blanding som har et ternært aktivt system hvor andelene av anionisk, ikke-ionisk agi såpe innen nevnte system faller i de ovenfor spesifiserte områdert. Imidlertid faller sammensetningen ikke innen ovennevnte definisjon som helhet fordi såpeinnholdet er angitt å være 12%. Videre inneholder den tid-ligere publiserte britiske beskrivelse ingen lære, eksklusivt eller implisitt, med hensyn til hvordan man kan oppnå forbedrede dispenseringsegenskaper med kalsitt/karbonat-byggede ternaere systemer. British patent document 2 104 912 describes in example 8 a calcite/carbonate-built mixture which has a ternary active system where the proportions of anionic, non-ionic agi soap within said system fall in the above specified ranges. However, the composition does not fall within the above definition as a whole because the soap content is stated to be 12%. Furthermore, the previously published British specification contains no teaching, exclusive or implicit, as to how to achieve improved dispensing properties with calcite/carbonate-based ternary systems.
Det er funnet spesielt nyttig når den vaskeaktive blanding inneholder: fra 35 til 60% anionisk aktivt materiale; It has been found particularly useful when the detergent composition contains: from 35 to 60% anionic active material;
fra 21 til 26% ikke-ionisk aktivt vaskemateriale; og fra 15 til 35% såpe. from 21 to 26% nonionic active detergent; and from 15 to 35% soap.
Den ikke-såpeholdige (syntetiske) anioniske vaskeaktive forbindelse er vanligvis det vann-løselige alkalimetallsalt av et organisk sulfat og sulfonat som har alkylradikaler som inneholder fra 8 til 22 karbonatomer, idet betegnelsen alkyl anvendes for å inkludere alkyldelen i høyere acylradikaler. Eksempler på egnede syntetiske anioniske vaskemiddelforbindelser er natrium- og kalium-alkylsulfater, spesielt slike som oppnås ved sulfatering av høyere (Cg-C18)-alkoholer produsert for eksempel av talg eller kokosnøttolje, natrium- og kalium-alkyl (Cg-C2Q)-benzensulfonater, spesielt natrium-lineær-sekundær alk<y>l(C1Q-C15)-benzensulfonater; natrium-alkylglyceryleter-sulfater, spesielt slike etere av de høyere alkoholer som stammer fra talg eller kokosnøttolje og syntetiske alkoholer som stammer fra petroleum; natrium-kokosnøttolje-fettsyremonoglyceridsulfater og -sulfonater; natrium- og kaliumsalter av svovelsyreestere av høyere (Cg-C-^g )-f ettalkohol-alkylenoksyd-, spesielt -etylenoksyd-reaksjonsprodukter; reaksjonsproduktene av fettsyrer så som kokosnøttfettsyrer forestret med isetionsyre og nøytralisert med natriumhydroksyd; natrium- og kaliumsalter av fettsyreamider av metyltaurin; alkanmonosulfater, for eksempel slike som stammer fra omsetning av °C-olefiner (Cg-C2u-) me<3 natriumbisulfid, og slike som stammer fra omsetning av paraffiner med SC^ og Cl 2 og deretter hydrolyse med en base for å produsere randomisert sulfonat; og olefinsulfonatet, idet denne betegnelse anvendes for å beskrive det materiale som lages ved omsetning av olefiner, spesielt ci<g>~<C>20~ ^-olefiner med SO^ og deretter nøytralisere og hydrolysere reaksjonsproduktet. De foretrukne anioniske vaskeforbindelser er natrium(C16-C18)-alkylsulfater . The non-soap (synthetic) anionic detergent compound is usually the water-soluble alkali metal salt of an organic sulfate and sulfonate having alkyl radicals containing from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, the term alkyl being used to include the alkyl portion in higher acyl radicals. Examples of suitable synthetic anionic detergent compounds are sodium and potassium alkyl sulphates, especially those obtained by sulphation of higher (Cg-C18) alcohols produced for example from tallow or coconut oil, sodium and potassium alkyl (Cg-C2Q) benzene sulphonates , especially sodium linear-secondary alk<y>1(C1Q-C15)-benzenesulfonates; sodium alkylglyceryl ether sulfates, especially such ethers of the higher alcohols derived from tallow or coconut oil and synthetic alcohols derived from petroleum; sodium coconut oil fatty acid monoglyceride sulfates and sulfonates; sodium and potassium salts of sulfuric acid esters of higher (Cg-C-^g)-f alcohol-alkylene oxide-, especially -ethylene oxide reaction products; the reaction products of fatty acids such as coconut fatty acids esterified with isethionic acid and neutralized with sodium hydroxide; sodium and potassium salts of fatty acid amides of methyl taurine; alkane monosulfates, such as those derived from the reaction of °C olefins (Cg-C2u-) with sodium bisulfide, and those derived from the reaction of paraffins with SC^ and Cl 2 and then hydrolysis with a base to produce randomized sulfonate ; and the olefin sulphonate, this term being used to describe the material which is made by reacting olefins, especially ci<g>~<C>20~ ^-olefins with SO^ and then neutralizing and hydrolysing the reaction product. The preferred anionic washing compounds are sodium (C16-C18) alkyl sulfates.
Egnede ikke-ioniske vaskeforbindelser Inkluderer spesielt reaksjonsproduktene av forbindelser som har en hydrofob gruppe og et reaktivt hydrogenatom, for eksempel alifatiske alkoholer, syrer, amider eller alkylfenoler med alkylenoksyder, spesielt etylenoksyd enten alene eller med propylenoksyd. Spesifikke ikke-ioniske vaskeforbindelser er alkyl(Cg-C22)-fenoler-etylenoksyd-kondensater, generelt 5-25 EO, d.v.s. 5-25 enheter etylenoksyd pr. molekyl, kondensasjonsproduktene av alifatiske (Cg-C18)-primære eller -sekundære lineære eller forgrenede alkoholer med etylenoksyd, generelt 5-40 EO, og produkter laget ved kondensering av etylenoksyd med reaksjonsproduktene av propylenoksyd og etylendiamin. Andre såkalte ikke-ioniske vaskeforbindelser inkluderer langkjedete tertiære aminoksyder, langkjedete tertiære fosfinoksyder og dialkylsulfoksyder. Suitable nonionic washing compounds include in particular the reaction products of compounds having a hydrophobic group and a reactive hydrogen atom, for example aliphatic alcohols, acids, amides or alkylphenols with alkylene oxides, especially ethylene oxide either alone or with propylene oxide. Specific non-ionic washing compounds are alkyl (C 8 -C 22 )-phenols-ethylene oxide condensates, generally 5-25 EO, i.e. 5-25 units of ethylene oxide per molecule, the condensation products of aliphatic (Cg-C18)-primary or -secondary linear or branched alcohols with ethylene oxide, generally 5-40 EO, and products made by condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction products of propylene oxide and ethylenediamine. Other so-called nonionic detergents include long-chain tertiary amine oxides, long-chain tertiary phosphine oxides and dialkyl sulfoxides.
Slik den her benyttes, inkluderer betegnelsen "såpe" ikke bare de vanlige alkalimetall- og jordalkalimetallsalter av fettsyrer, men også de organiske salter som kan dannes ved kompleks-dannelse av fettsyrer med organiske nitrogenholdige materialer, for eksempel aminer og derivater derav. Vanligvis omfatter" såpen salter av høyere fettsyrer som inneholder 8-24 karbonatomer, fortrinnsvis 10 - 20 karbonatomer,i molekylet, eller blandinger derav. As used here, the term "soap" includes not only the usual alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of fatty acids, but also the organic salts that can be formed by complexing fatty acids with organic nitrogenous materials, for example amines and derivatives thereof. Generally, the soap comprises salts of higher fatty acids containing 8-24 carbon atoms, preferably 10-20 carbon atoms, in the molecule, or mixtures thereof.
Foretrukne eksempler på såper inkluderer natriumstearat, natriumpalmitat, natriumsalter av talg, kokosnøttolje og palme-olje-fettsyrer og komplekser mellom stearin- og/eller palmitin-fettsyrer og/eller talg- og/eller kokosnøttolje- og/eller palme-olje-fettsyrer med vann-løselige alkanolaminer, for eksempel etanolamin, di- eller tri-etanolamin, N-metyletanol- amin, N-etyletanolamin, 2-metyletanolamin og 2,2-dimetyletanolamin Preferred examples of soaps include sodium stearate, sodium palmitate, sodium salts of tallow, coconut oil and palm oil fatty acids and complexes between stearic and/or palmitic fatty acids and/or tallow and/or coconut oil and/or palm oil fatty acids with water-soluble alkanolamines, for example ethanolamine, di- or tri-ethanolamine, N-methylethanolamine, N-ethylethanolamine, 2-methylethanolamine and 2,2-dimethylethanolamine
og N-inneholdende ringforbindelser, for eksempel morfolin, 2' - pyrrolidon og deres metylderivater. and N-containing ring compounds, for example morpholine, 2'-pyrrolidone and their methyl derivatives.
Blandinger av såper kan også anvendes. Mixtures of soaps can also be used.
Spesielt foretrukket er natrium- og kaliumsaltene av de blandede fettsyrer som stammer fra kokosnøttolje og talg, d.v.s. natrium- og kalium-talg- og -kokosnøttsåpe. Particularly preferred are the sodium and potassium salts of the mixed fatty acids derived from coconut oil and tallow, i.e. sodium and potassium tallow and coconut soap.
En essensiell ingrediens i blandingen er et vann-løselig karbonatmateriale som bygger. Dette er fortrinnsvis natrium-eller kaliumkarbonat eller en blanding derav, av grunner som har med pris og effektivitet å gjøre. Karbonatsaltet er fortrinnsvis fullt nøytralisert, men det kan være delvis nøytralisert, An essential ingredient in the mix is a water-soluble carbonate material that builds. This is preferably sodium or potassium carbonate or a mixture thereof, for reasons related to price and efficiency. The carbonate salt is preferably fully neutralized, but it may be partially neutralized,
for eksempel kan et seskvikarbonat bli anvendt som delvis erstat-ning for det normale karbonatsalt; de delvise salter har tendens til å være mindre alkaliske og er derfor mindre effektive. for example, a sesquicarbonate can be used as a partial replacement for the normal carbonate salt; the partial salts tend to be less alkaline and are therefore less effective.
Mengden av vann-løselige karbonatmaterialer i vaskemiddelblandingen kan varieres innen vide grenser, men mengden må The amount of water-soluble carbonate materials in the detergent mixture can be varied within wide limits, but the amount must
være minst 5 vekt%, for eksempel 10 - 40%, fortrinnsvis 10 - 35% i vekt, opp til en mengde av 75 vekt% for spesielle produkter. Mengden av vann-løselige karbonat- be at least 5% by weight, for example 10 - 40%, preferably 10 - 35% by weight, up to an amount of 75% by weight for special products. The amount of water-soluble carbonate
materialer bestemmes på vannfri basis, selv om saltene kan være hydratisert enten før eller når de innblandes i vaskemiddelblandingen. Det skal bemerkes at det også kan være ønskelig å begrense karbonatinnholdet til et lavere nivå innen det nevnte område, for å nedsette risikoen for innvortes skade som følge av at produktet feilaktig inntas, for eksempel av barn. materials are determined on an anhydrous basis, although the salts may be hydrated either before or when they are incorporated into the detergent mixture. It should be noted that it may also be desirable to limit the carbonate content to a lower level within the aforementioned area, in order to reduce the risk of internal damage as a result of the product being incorrectly ingested, for example by children.
Blandingen inneholder nødvendigvis et vann-uløselig partikkelformig karbonatmateriale. Dette materiale må ha evne til å virke som en kimkrystall for utfellingsproduktet som resulterer fra omsetningen mellom kalsiumhardhetsionene i vannet og det vann-løselige karbonat. Således er dette vann-uløselige partikkelformige materiale en kimkrystall for kalsiumkarbonat, for eksempel kalsiumkarbonat selv. The mixture necessarily contains a water-insoluble particulate carbonate material. This material must have the ability to act as a seed crystal for the precipitation product resulting from the reaction between the calcium hardness ions in the water and the water-soluble carbonate. Thus, this water-insoluble particulate material is a seed crystal for calcium carbonate, for example calcium carbonate itself.
Det vann-uløselige partikkelformige karbonatmateriale bør være findelt og bør ha et overflateareal på minst.10 m 2/g, fortrinnsvis minst 15 m 2/g. Det spesielt foretrukne materiale har overflateareal på 30-100 m 2/g. Uløselig karbonatmateriale med overflatearealser i overkant av 100 m 2/g kan anvendes, hvis slike materialer er økonomisk tilgjengelige. The water-insoluble particulate carbonate material should be finely divided and should have a surface area of at least 10 m 2 /g, preferably at least 15 m 2 /g. The particularly preferred material has a surface area of 30-100 m 2 /g. Insoluble carbonate material with surface areas in excess of 100 m 2 /g can be used, if such materials are economically available.
Overflateareal måles ved nitrogenabsorbsjon under anvendelse av standardmetoden til Bruayer, Emmet & Teller (BET). Et egnet instrument for utførelse av denne metode er et Carlo Erba Sorpty 1750 instrument som opereres i henhold til produsentens instruk-sjoner. Surface area is measured by nitrogen absorption using the standard method of Bruayer, Emmet & Teller (BET). A suitable instrument for carrying out this method is a Carlo Erba Sorpty 1750 instrument which is operated according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Det foretrekkes helst at materialet med høyt overflateareal fremstilles i fravær av gift, slik at det bevarer sin kimsettings- It is most preferred that the material with a high surface area is produced in the absence of poison, so that it preserves its germinating
aktivitet. Activity.
Det uløselige karbonatmateriale vil vanligvis ha en gjennom-snittlig partikkelstørrelse av mindre enn 10 pm, målt ved sikt analyse, men kan være granulert for å lette håndteringen. The insoluble carbonate material will usually have an average particle size of less than 10 µm, as measured by sieve analysis, but may be granulated for ease of handling.
Når det uløselige karbonatmateriale er kalsiumkarbonat, When the insoluble carbonate material is calcium carbonate,
kan enhver krystallinsk form derav anvendes eller en blanding derav, men kalsitt foretrekkes, da aragonitt og vateritt er mindre lett tilgjengelig kommersielt, og kalsitt er litt mindre løselig enn aragonitt eller vateritt ved de fleste vanlige vaske-temperaturer. Når eventuelt aragonitt eller vateritt anvendes, any crystalline form thereof may be used or a mixture thereof, but calcite is preferred, as aragonite and vaterite are less readily available commercially, and calcite is slightly less soluble than aragonite or vaterite at most common washing temperatures. When possibly aragonite or vaterite is used,
er det vanligvis i blanding med kalsitt. I den følgende generelle beskrivelse benyttes betegnelsen "kalsitt" i betydningen av enten kalsitt selv eller ethvert annet egnet vann-uløselig kalsiumkarbonat -kimsettingsmateriale. It is usually mixed with calcite. In the following general description, the term "calcite" is used in the sense of either calcite itself or any other suitable water-insoluble calcium carbonate seeding material.
Det valgte nivå av kalsitt i den totale blanding avhenger The chosen level of calcite in the total mixture depends
av det spesifikke overflateareal som beskrevet ovenfor. Mengden av kalsitt som anvendes i blandingene bør være fra 5. til 60%, of the specific surface area as described above. The amount of calcite used in the mixtures should be from 5 to 60%,
men å foretrekke fra 5 til 30%. but preferably from 5 to 30%.
I tillegg til det vann-uløselige karbonatmateriale,, det vaskeaktive materiale og det vannløselige: karbonatmateriale er det mulig å inkludere små mengder av andre- vaskeevnebyggerev for-utsatt at den totale mengde av vaskeevnebyggerne ikke overstiger 85 vekt%, slik at det blir plass i vaskemiddelblandingen tlT. In addition to the water-insoluble carbonate material, the detergent-active material and the water-soluble carbonate material, it is possible to include small amounts of other washability builders, provided that the total amount of the washability builders does not exceed 85% by weight, so that there is room in the detergent mixture tlT.
andre ønskelige ingredienser. other desirable ingredients.
Bortsett fra kalsitten, de vaskeaktive forbindelser og vaskeevnebyggerne kan,vaskemiddelblandingen eventuelt inneholde hvilke som helst av dé konvensjonelle ingredienser i de mengder i hvilke slike ingredienser normalt anvendet i tøyvaskemiddel-blandinger. Apart from the calcite, the detergent-active compounds and the washing ability builders, the detergent mixture may optionally contain any of the conventional ingredients in the quantities in which such ingredients are normally used in laundry detergent mixtures.
Én slik valgfri ingrediens er et alkalimetallsilikat, One such optional ingredient is an alkali metal silicate,
spesielt nøytralt natrium-/ alkalisk, meta- eller ortosilikat Et lavt nivå av silikat, for eksempel 5-10 vekt%, er vanligvis fordelaktig med hensyn til å nedsette korrosjonen på metalldeler i tøyvaskemaskiner, og det kan gi fordeler i forarbeidelsen. especially neutral sodium/alkaline, meta- or orthosilicate A low level of silicate, for example 5-10% by weight, is usually beneficial in terms of reducing the corrosion of metal parts in clothes washing machines, and it can give advantages in processing.
Hvis høyere nivåer av silikat anvendes opptil et praktisk maksimum på 30%, for eksempel 10-20%, i vekt, kan det bli en mer merkbar forbedring i vaskeevne, noe som kan tillate en viss reduksjon i innholdet av vannløselig karbonatmateriale. Denne effekt synes å være spesielt nyttig når vaskevæsken anvendes i vann med betydelige nivåer av magnesiumhårdhet. Mengden av silikat kan også anvendes i en viss grad for å styre likevekts-pH-verdien til vaskevæsken, som generelt er i området 9-11, fortrinnsvis 10-11, for en vandig løsning av blandingen ved den anbefalte konsentrasjonen. Det skal bemerkes at en høyere pH-verdi (d.v.s. over en pH 10,5) er tilbøy-lig til å vasre mer effektiv hva angår vaskeevne, men det kan være mindre ønskelig for sikkerheten i hjemmet. Natriumsilikat fås vanligvis i konsentrert vandig løsning, men mengdene er beregnet på vannfri basis. If higher levels of silicate are used up to a practical maximum of 30%, for example 10-20%, by weight, there may be a more noticeable improvement in detergency, which may allow some reduction in the content of water-soluble carbonate material. This effect appears to be particularly useful when the washing liquid is used in water with significant levels of magnesium hardness. The amount of silicate can also be used to some extent to control the equilibrium pH of the wash liquor, which is generally in the range of 9-11, preferably 10-11, for an aqueous solution of the mixture at the recommended concentration. It should be noted that a higher pH value (i.e. above a pH of 10.5) tends to be more effective in detergency, but may be less desirable for home safety. Sodium silicate is usually available in concentrated aqueous solution, but the amounts are calculated on an anhydrous basis.
Eksempler på andre valgfrie ingredienser inkluderer de skum-forsterkende midler, for eksempel alkanolamider, spesielt det monoetanolamidet som stammer fra palmekjernefettsyrer og kokos-nøttfettsyrer, skumnedsettende midler, oksygenfrigjørende blekemidler, for eksempel natriumperborat og natriumperkarbonat, per-syreblekeforløpere, klorfrigjørende blekemidler, for eksempler triklorisocyanursyre, tøymykningsmidler, uorganiske salter som for eksempel natriumsulfat, og, vanligvis til stede i svært små mengder, fluorescerende midler, parfyme, enzymer, for ekse ipel proteaser og amylaser, germicider og farvemidler. Examples of other optional ingredients include the suds enhancing agents, for example alkanolamides, especially the monoethanolamide derived from palm kernel fatty acids and coconut fatty acids, defoamers, oxygen releasing bleaches, for example sodium perborate and sodium percarbonate, peracid bleach precursors, chlorine releasing bleaches, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid , fabric softeners, inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate, and, usually present in very small amounts, fluorescent agents, perfumes, enzymes, for example proteases and amylases, germicides and dyes.
Vaskemiddelblandingene kan produseres ved hvilken som helst av de teknikker som det er vanlig å anvende ved produksjon av tøyvaskemiddelblandinger, inklusive spesielt oppslemmings- og forstøvningstørkeprosesser for produksjon av vaskepulveret. The detergent mixtures can be produced by any of the techniques that are commonly used in the production of laundry detergent mixtures, including in particular slurry and spray drying processes for the production of the washing powder.
Oppfinnelsen skal nå illustreres ved hjelp av eksempler. The invention will now be illustrated by means of examples.
EKSEMPLER 1 TIL 7 EXAMPLES 1 TO 7
Det ble fremstilt blandinger i henhold til følgende resepter. Hver blanding ble laget i form av et pulver ved forstøvnings-tørking av den oppslemming av de angitte bestanddeler, med unntagelse av natriumsilikatet, natriumperboratet og TAED (når dette anvendes), som ble tilsatt separat til det forstøvnings-tørkede basispulver. Pulverne ble forstøvet til et mål-fuktig-hetsinnhold på 3-4%. Mixtures were prepared according to the following recipes. Each mixture was made into a powder form by spray drying the slurry of the indicated ingredients, with the exception of the sodium silicate, sodium perborate and TAED (when used), which were added separately to the spray dried base powder. The powders were atomized to a target moisture content of 3-4%.
Bemerkninger Remarks
1 - Dobane 113, natriumsalt av lineært alkylbenzensulfonat i hvilket alkylgruppen inneholder 10-15 karbonatomer. 2 - Synperonic A7, en alkohol med en alkylkjedelengde på 13-15 karbonatomer etoksylert med et gjennomsnitt av 7 etylen-oksydgrupper per molekyl). 3 - herdet talg-natriumsåpe med unntagelse av eksemplene 1 og 4, som anvendte en 50:50 blanding av herdet talg- og herdet rapsfrø-natriumsåpe. 1 - Dobane 113, sodium salt of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate in which the alkyl group contains 10-15 carbon atoms. 2 - Synperonic A7, an alcohol with an alkyl chain length of 13-15 carbon atoms ethoxylated with an average of 7 ethylene oxide groups per molecule). 3 - hardened tallow sodium soap with the exception of examples 1 and 4, which used a 50:50 mixture of hardened tallow and hardened rapeseed sodium soap.
4 - målt som vannfritt. 4 - measured as anhydrous.
5 - Socal U3 med et nominelt overflateareal på 5 - Socal U3 with a nominal surface area of
100 m<2>/g. 100 m<2>/g.
6 - i form av monohydratet. 6 - in the form of the monohydrate.
I hvert eksempel ble 150g pulver anbrakt i en dispenser In each example, 150g of powder was placed in a dispenser
i en HOOVER® automatisk vaskemaskin. Kaldt vann fikk strømme inn i dispenseren i en hastighet av 2 liter pr. minutt i 2 minutter. Vannet hadde en hardhet på 24°FH (d.v.s. en konsentrasjon av fritt kalsiumjon på 24 x 10 -4 molar). Vanntrykket var 5 psi (0,35 kg/cm 2). Etter at vannet hadde fått renne ut på naturlig måte fra dispenseren, ble vekten av pulverresten i den målt. in a HOOVER® automatic washing machine. Cold water was allowed to flow into the dispenser at a rate of 2 liters per minute for 2 minutes. The water had a hardness of 24°FH (i.e. a free calcium ion concentration of 24 x 10 -4 molar). The water pressure was 5 psi (0.35 kg/cm 2 ). After the water had been allowed to drain naturally from the dispenser, the weight of the powder residue in it was measured.
Resultatene var som følger: En restvekt på mindre enn 20 g i denne test anses akseptabelt. Følgende tabell viser også prosent anionisk aktivt, ikke-ionisk aktivt og såpe i hver resept. The results were as follows: A residual weight of less than 20 g in this test is considered acceptable. The following table also shows the percentage of anionic active, nonionic active and soap in each recipe.
Disse resultater viser at blandingene i henhold til oppfinnelsen (eksemplene 1 til 7) etterlater signifikat mindre rest i resten enn sammenligningsblandingene A til D. These results show that the mixtures according to the invention (Examples 1 to 7) leave significantly less residue in the residue than the comparison mixtures A to D.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB868603667A GB8603667D0 (en) | 1986-02-14 | 1986-02-14 | Detergent composition |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO870581D0 NO870581D0 (en) | 1987-02-13 |
NO870581L NO870581L (en) | 1987-08-17 |
NO168488B true NO168488B (en) | 1991-11-18 |
NO168488C NO168488C (en) | 1992-02-26 |
Family
ID=10593064
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO870581A NO168488C (en) | 1986-02-14 | 1987-02-13 | SOLUTION MIXING. |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0234818B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0198700A (en) |
KR (1) | KR900004494B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU581805B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR8700608A (en) |
DE (1) | DE3785863T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2054662T3 (en) |
GB (1) | GB8603667D0 (en) |
IN (1) | IN166157B (en) |
NO (1) | NO168488C (en) |
TR (1) | TR23702A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA871068B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB8711423D0 (en) * | 1987-05-14 | 1987-06-17 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
GB9008013D0 (en) * | 1990-04-09 | 1990-06-06 | Unilever Plc | High bulk density granular detergent compositions and process for preparing them |
KR100461096B1 (en) * | 1997-05-02 | 2005-04-06 | 주식회사 엘지생활건강 | Manufacturing method of ultra high concentration powder detergent |
WO2010069718A1 (en) * | 2008-12-16 | 2010-06-24 | Unilever Nv | Solid builder composition |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4076653A (en) * | 1973-08-08 | 1978-02-28 | Lever Brothers Company | Detergent compositions |
GB1481685A (en) * | 1973-08-15 | 1977-08-03 | Unilever Ltd | Detergent ingredient |
GB1515273A (en) * | 1974-09-06 | 1978-06-21 | Unilever Ltd | Production of detergent compositions |
US4407722A (en) * | 1981-06-18 | 1983-10-04 | Lever Brothers Company | Fabric washing process and detergent composition for use therein |
US4436637A (en) * | 1982-12-13 | 1984-03-13 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fabric softening heavy duty liquid detergent containing a mixture of water insoluble soap and clay |
GB8334017D0 (en) * | 1983-12-21 | 1984-02-01 | Unilever Plc | Detergent composition |
-
1986
- 1986-02-14 GB GB868603667A patent/GB8603667D0/en active Pending
-
1987
- 1987-02-09 KR KR1019870001026A patent/KR900004494B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-02-11 BR BR8700608A patent/BR8700608A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1987-02-11 AU AU68673/87A patent/AU581805B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-02-12 JP JP62030630A patent/JPH0198700A/en active Granted
- 1987-02-12 EP EP87301227A patent/EP0234818B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-02-12 DE DE8787301227T patent/DE3785863T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-02-12 ES ES87301227T patent/ES2054662T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-02-13 TR TR87/0099A patent/TR23702A/en unknown
- 1987-02-13 NO NO870581A patent/NO168488C/en unknown
- 1987-02-13 IN IN43/BOM/87A patent/IN166157B/en unknown
- 1987-02-13 ZA ZA871068A patent/ZA871068B/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU6867387A (en) | 1987-08-20 |
KR870008017A (en) | 1987-09-23 |
DE3785863D1 (en) | 1993-06-24 |
ZA871068B (en) | 1988-10-26 |
NO870581D0 (en) | 1987-02-13 |
GB8603667D0 (en) | 1986-03-19 |
IN166157B (en) | 1990-03-24 |
EP0234818A2 (en) | 1987-09-02 |
ES2054662T3 (en) | 1994-08-16 |
KR900004494B1 (en) | 1990-06-28 |
DE3785863T2 (en) | 1993-08-26 |
JPH0198700A (en) | 1989-04-17 |
JPH0545639B2 (en) | 1993-07-09 |
TR23702A (en) | 1990-06-29 |
AU581805B2 (en) | 1989-03-02 |
EP0234818A3 (en) | 1990-03-14 |
NO168488C (en) | 1992-02-26 |
BR8700608A (en) | 1987-12-15 |
NO870581L (en) | 1987-08-17 |
EP0234818B1 (en) | 1993-05-19 |
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