NO166287B - APPLICATION OF COPOLYMERIZES OF POLYOXYLYCYLENETERS OF ALLYL AND / OR METALYL ALCOHOL AND ACRYLIC OR METACRYLESTERS AS DEMULGERS FOR RAW OIL CONTAINING WATER. - Google Patents
APPLICATION OF COPOLYMERIZES OF POLYOXYLYCYLENETERS OF ALLYL AND / OR METALYL ALCOHOL AND ACRYLIC OR METACRYLESTERS AS DEMULGERS FOR RAW OIL CONTAINING WATER. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO166287B NO166287B NO860252A NO860252A NO166287B NO 166287 B NO166287 B NO 166287B NO 860252 A NO860252 A NO 860252A NO 860252 A NO860252 A NO 860252A NO 166287 B NO166287 B NO 166287B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- rail
- rails
- undercut
- rail system
- sections
- Prior art date
Links
- -1 ALLYL Chemical class 0.000 title 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/04—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with chemical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F216/1416—Monomers containing oxygen in addition to the ether oxygen, e.g. allyl glycidyl ether
- C08F216/1425—Monomers containing side chains of polyether groups
- C08F216/1433—Monomers containing side chains of polyethylene oxide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F216/1416—Monomers containing oxygen in addition to the ether oxygen, e.g. allyl glycidyl ether
- C08F216/1425—Monomers containing side chains of polyether groups
- C08F216/1441—Monomers containing side chains of polypropylene oxide groups
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
Skinneanlegg med skinner for systembyggesett. Rail system with rails for system building kits.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår et skinneanlegg med skinner som består av et steg og langs dettes lengdekanter forlopende vulster, og som i stegområdet har utsnitt. The present invention relates to a rail system with rails which consist of a step and beads extending along its longitudinal edges, and which have cutouts in the step area.
Der er kjent et skinneanlegg hvor skinnene har utsnitt som partier av sviller kan fores inn i for på denne måte å oppnå en innbyrdes forbindelse mellom skinnene. Forbindelsen mellom skinnene i lengderetningen finner sted på den måte at de respektive skinneender overlapper hinannen et bestemt stykke, slik at et utsnitt i en skinne flukter med et utsnitt i den annen skinne. Svillene kan herunder stå A rail system is known where the rails have cutouts into which sections of sleepers can be inserted in order to achieve a mutual connection between the rails in this way. The connection between the rails in the longitudinal direction takes place in such a way that the respective rail ends overlap each other a certain distance, so that a section in one rail aligns with a section in the other rail. The sleepers can stand underneath
i inngrep med begge utsnitt, slik at der også oppnås en lengdeforbindelæ. in engagement with both sections, so that a longitudinal connection is also achieved.
Denne forbindelsesmåte har den ulempe at det ikke er mulig å få skinnene til å flukte nbyaktig. På forbindelsesstedene forandrer sporvidden seg fra skinnepar til skinnepar. En slik forandring av sporvidden kan i de fleste tilfelle ikke tåles, spesielt ikke når der istedenfor sporkranshjul anvendes hjul med riller. This method of connection has the disadvantage that it is not possible to get the rails to run smoothly. At the connection points, the gauge changes from rail pair to rail pair. Such a change in the track width cannot be tolerated in most cases, especially not when wheels with grooves are used instead of rim wheels.
Til grunn for oppfinnelsen ligger den oppgave ved et skinneanlegg å gjore det mulig såvel å forbinde to parallelle, ved siden av. hverandre liggende skinner innbyrdes som å forbinde etter hverandre liggende skinner i lengderetningen uten at de ovenfor nevnte ulemper opptrer. Samtidig skal det imidlertid også være mulig med forbindelses-elementene å fremstille ytterligere modellbyggegrupper som horer direkte eller indirekte sammen med skinneanlegget. The invention is based on the task of a rail system to make it possible to connect two parallel ones, side by side. rails lying next to each other as to connect rails lying one behind the other in the longitudinal direction without the above-mentioned disadvantages occurring. At the same time, however, it must also be possible with the connecting elements to produce additional model building groups that fit directly or indirectly with the rail system.
Ifolge oppfinnelsen blir dette oppnådd ved at underskårne forbindelsestapper som er anordnet på for seg kjente byggeklosser med underskårne noter, for dannelse av en tverrforbindelse mellom skinnene kan settes inn i disses utsnitt, som har avsnitt hvorav minst ett har en bredde svarende til bredden av roten av en forbindelsestapp, og at underskårne forbindelsestapper på ytterligere byggeklosser for dannelse av en lengdeforbindelse mellom skinnene kan skyves inn i de underskårne noter i de forstnevnte byggeklosser. According to the invention, this is achieved by the fact that undercut connecting pins which are arranged on known building blocks with undercut grooves, for the formation of a transverse connection between the rails, can be inserted into their sections, which have sections of which at least one has a width corresponding to the width of the root of a connecting pin, and that undercut connecting pins on further building blocks to form a longitudinal connection between the rails can be pushed into the undercut grooves in the first-mentioned building blocks.
Ifolge oppfinnelsen blir to skinner satt sammen til et skinnepar ved hjelp av byggeklosser ved at de på endeflatene av byggeklossene anordnede tapper forst settes inn i utsnittet med storst bredde. Deretter blir byggeklossene skjovet inn i utsnittet med mindre bredde, hvorved der fås en formsluttende forbindelse. For å bevirke en forbindelse mellom to på denne måte dannede skinnepar blir de byggeklosser som er anordnet ved de respektive ender av skinneparene, forbundet med hinannen ved hjelp av ytterligere byggeklosser med underskårne noter og underskårne forbindelsestapper ved at forbindelses-tappene i disse byggeklosser skyves i inngrep med de likeledes underskårne noter i de byggeklosser som allerede står i inngrep med skinnene. Ved denne anordning fås en formsluttende kraftoverfbrende forbindelse mellom de enkelte skinnepar, samtidig som de etter hverandre anordnede skinner flukter med hverandre. I de underskårne noter av byggeklossene som skaffer forbindelsen mellom skinnene, kan underskårne tapper på andre byggeklosser settes inn, slik at ytterligere modellbyggegrupper som har tilknytning til det dannede skinneanlegg, f.eks. ledningsmaster for luftledninger eller lignende, kan fremstilles. Endelig kan også skinneanlegg forbindes med en krankonstruksjon som er fremstilt fra byggeklosser av den angitte art for å anvendes som krankjbrebåne. Dérmed er skinhéanlegget ifblge oppfinnelsen ikke båre anvendelig for rene leketby- eller modelljernbaner. Tvertimot utgjor det en bestand-del av et leketby-systembyggesett og tjener på fordelaktig måte til utfyllende utformning av dette. According to the invention, two rails are put together to form a pair of rails by means of building blocks in that the studs arranged on the end surfaces of the building blocks are first inserted into the section with the largest width. The building blocks are then pushed into the section with a smaller width, whereby a shape-locking connection is obtained. In order to effect a connection between two rail pairs formed in this way, the building blocks arranged at the respective ends of the rail pairs are connected to each other by means of further building blocks with undercut grooves and undercut connection pins by the connection pins in these building blocks being pushed into engagement with the likewise undercut grooves in the building blocks that are already engaged with the rails. With this device, a form-fitting force-transmitting connection is obtained between the individual pairs of rails, at the same time that the successively arranged rails are flush with each other. In the undercut grooves of the building blocks that provide the connection between the rails, undercut studs on other building blocks can be inserted, so that additional model building groups that are connected to the formed rail system, e.g. cable masts for overhead lines or the like can be produced. Finally, rail systems can also be connected to a crane structure that is made from building blocks of the specified type to be used as a crane bridge. Thus, the skin system according to the invention is not suitable for purely toy city or model railways. On the contrary, it forms a constituent part of a toy city system building kit and serves in an advantageous way to complement this design.
Ytterligere, trekk ved oppfinnelsen vil fremgå av den etter-fblgende beskrivelse under henvisning til tegningen, som viser ut-fbrelseseksempler på oppfinnelsen. Fig. 1 er et oppriss av skinner sdm er forbundet med hverandre i lengderetningen. Further, features of the invention will appear from the following description with reference to the drawing, which shows examples of the invention. Fig. 1 is an elevation of rails sdm are connected to each other in the longitudinal direction.
Fig. 2 er et grunnriss.av skinneforbindelseh på fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a ground plan of the rail connection in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 viser en strbmskinnebyggedel i perspektivriss. Fig. 3 shows a strbm rail component in perspective view.
Fig. 4 viser strbmskinnen på fig. 3 i snitt etter linjen Fig. 4 shows the strbm rail in fig. 3 on average after the line
XI-XI.. XI-XI..
Den med 1 betegnede skinne består av et steg 14 og langs dettes lengdekanter forlbpende vulster 2. I området for steget 14 The rail denoted by 1 consists of a step 14 and beads 2 running along its longitudinal edges. In the area of the step 14
er der ved skinneenden anordnet, et utsnitt som består av tre avsnitt 4» 5 og 5'« Avsnittet 4 har en bredde som er lik eller stbrre enn bredden av den underskårne forbindelsestapp 7 Pa en byggekloss 6. is arranged there at the rail end, a section consisting of three sections 4" 5 and 5'" The section 4 has a width that is equal to or greater than the width of the undercut connecting pin 7 on a building block 6.
De tilgrensende avsnitt 5 og 5' nar derimot en bredde som svarer til bredden av roten av en forbindelsestapp 7« Sammensetningen av to skinner til et skinnepar er vist på fig. 2. For oppnåelse av forbindelsen blir den.underskårne forbindelsestapp 7 Pa en byggekloss 6 satt inn i avsnittet 4 av det i steget 14 anordnede utsnitt. Deretter blir byggeklossen skjbvet inn i et av de tilgrensende avsnitt med mindre bredde. På samme måte blir den annen tapp i byggeklossen satt inn i utsnittet i den annen skinne. Når der skal fremstilles ert spor-bredde som er stbrre enn lengden av en byggekloss 6, kan flere byggeklosser forbindes med hverandre. De ytterligere byggeklosser har ved den ene ende en uhderskåret forbindelsestapp og ved den motliggende ende en underskåret not som den underskårne forbindelsestapp i den fbrstnevnte byggekloss 6 kan settes inn i. The adjacent sections 5 and 5', on the other hand, have a width that corresponds to the width of the root of a connecting pin 7'. The assembly of two rails into a pair of rails is shown in fig. 2. To achieve the connection, the undercut connecting pin 7 on a building block 6 is inserted into section 4 of the section arranged in step 14. The building block is then pushed into one of the adjacent sections with a smaller width. In the same way, the second tenon in the building block is inserted into the cutout in the second rail. When a track width that is greater than the length of a building block 6 is to be produced, several building blocks can be connected to each other. The further building blocks have at one end an undercut connecting pin and at the opposite end an undercut groove into which the undercut connecting pin in the first-mentioned building block 6 can be inserted.
For lengdeforbindelse mellom skinneparene blir de underskårne forbindelsestapper på ytterligere byggeklosser satt inn i de underskårne noter i de fbrstnevnte byggeklosser. Som vist på fig. 2 kan ytterligere byggeklosser 6 med underskårne noter 11 settes inn i et annet utsnitt i en skinne for å tillate påbygning av ytterligere modellbyggegrupper på skinneanlegget. For the longitudinal connection between the rail pairs, the undercut connecting pins on further building blocks are inserted into the undercut grooves in the first-mentioned building blocks. As shown in fig. 2, further building blocks 6 with undercut grooves 11 can be inserted into another section in a rail to allow additional model building groups to be added to the rail system.
For at skinneanlegget også skal kunne anvendes for kjorefoy So that the rail system can also be used for driving
med en elektrodrivmotor eller andre stromforbrukere,som f.eks. glbde- with an electric drive motor or other current consumers, such as e.g. glbde-
lamper, kan der anvendes skinnebyggedeler som vist på fig. 3 °S 4« Stromskinnebyggedelene har herunder samme form og samme dimensjoner lamps, rail components can be used as shown in fig. 3 °S 4« The busbar components have the same shape and the same dimensions
som de på fig. 1 og 2 viste skinnedeler for å tillate en mest mulig universell anvendelse. Hver strbmskinnebyggedel 21 består av en midtdel 22 av et>lsolerende materiale. To strbmledende deler 23, 24 such as those in fig. 1 and 2 showed rail parts to allow the most universal application possible. Each busbar construction part 21 consists of a middle part 22 of insulating material. Two strbmconducting parts 23, 24
er festet til hver sin side av delen 22. Delene 22, 23 og 24 er inn- are attached to each side of part 22. Parts 22, 23 and 24 are in-
byrdes forbundet ved hjelp av isolerende organer, f.eks. nagler 25. are connected by means of insulating bodies, e.g. rivets 25.
For tilkobling av andre byggedeler er der igjen anordnet utsnitt, som For the connection of other building parts, there are again sections arranged, such as
er generelt betegnet med 26, og som består av avsnitt 26a, 26b og 26c' is generally denoted by 26, and which consists of sections 26a, 26b and 26c'
svarende til avsnittene 5, 4 og 5' Pa fig« !• corresponding to sections 5, 4 and 5' Pa fig« !•
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3513550A DE3513550C1 (en) | 1985-04-16 | 1985-04-16 | Use of copolymers of polyoxyalkylene ethers of allyl and / or methallyl alcohol and acrylic or methacrylic esters as demulsifiers for petroleum containing water |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO860252L NO860252L (en) | 1986-10-17 |
NO166287B true NO166287B (en) | 1991-03-18 |
NO166287C NO166287C (en) | 1991-06-26 |
Family
ID=6268128
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO860252A NO166287C (en) | 1985-04-16 | 1986-01-24 | APPLICATION OF COPOLYMERIZES OF POLYOXYLYCYLENETERS OF ALLYL AND / OR METALYL ALCOHOL AND ACRYLIC OR METACRYLESTERS AS DEMULGERS FOR RAW OIL CONTAINING WATER. |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3513550C1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2174096B (en) |
NO (1) | NO166287C (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5191014A (en) * | 1988-10-12 | 1993-03-02 | Imperial Chemical Industries Plc | Temporary protective aqueous coating compositions |
GB2231876A (en) * | 1989-05-16 | 1990-11-28 | Ici Plc | Temporary aqueous coating composition |
GB2223761B (en) * | 1988-10-12 | 1992-06-03 | Ici Plc | Temporary protective aqueous coating composition |
DE4104610A1 (en) * | 1991-02-15 | 1992-08-20 | Basf Ag | ACTION PRODUCTS OF ALKOXYLATES AND VINYLIC MONOMERS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE AS DEMULGATORS FOR CRUDEOULULULULULAR POWERS |
EP0523672B1 (en) * | 1991-07-18 | 1996-10-09 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Esters of copolymers of ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid and polyoxyalkylenether of lower, unsaturated alcohols as flow improvers of paraffin-containing oils |
US5475073A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1995-12-12 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Hydroxy-functional acrylate resins |
DE19603696A1 (en) * | 1996-02-02 | 1997-08-07 | Roehm Gmbh | Demulsifiers |
DE102004032766A1 (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2006-02-09 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Concentrated aqueous methacrylamide solution with the addition of methacrylic acid |
CN112079968A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Acrylate polymer containing polyether and long carbon chain ester structure and preparation method thereof |
CN112126020A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2020-12-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Acrylic ester polymer for demulsification of heavy oil emulsion and preparation method thereof |
CN112410063B (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2022-05-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Crude oil demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof |
CN110628012A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-31 | 天津大学 | Novel demulsifier |
CN112662422B (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2022-08-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Crude oil demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0056627B1 (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1984-10-03 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd | Copolymer and method for manufacture thereof |
IT1172325B (en) * | 1982-11-06 | 1987-06-18 | Goldschmidt Ag Th | PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERISES WITH POLYOXYKYLENE CHAINS LATERALLY LINKED AND THEIR USE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYURETHANE |
DE3338923C1 (en) * | 1983-10-27 | 1985-02-21 | Th. Goldschmidt Ag, 4300 Essen | Use of copolymers of polyoxyalkylene ethers of allyl and / or methallyl alcohol and vinyl esters as demulsifiers for crude oil containing water |
JPS6157609A (en) * | 1984-08-30 | 1986-03-24 | Central Glass Co Ltd | Fluorine-containing copolymer |
DE3500722C1 (en) * | 1985-01-11 | 1986-06-05 | Th. Goldschmidt Ag, 4300 Essen | Curable adhesive based on polyurethane |
-
1985
- 1985-04-16 DE DE3513550A patent/DE3513550C1/en not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-01-24 NO NO860252A patent/NO166287C/en unknown
- 1986-04-07 GB GB8608438A patent/GB2174096B/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2174096A (en) | 1986-10-29 |
NO166287C (en) | 1991-06-26 |
GB8608438D0 (en) | 1986-05-14 |
NO860252L (en) | 1986-10-17 |
DE3513550C1 (en) | 1986-11-06 |
GB2174096B (en) | 1989-10-25 |
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