NO166287B - APPLICATION OF COPOLYMERIZES OF POLYOXYLYCYLENETERS OF ALLYL AND / OR METALYL ALCOHOL AND ACRYLIC OR METACRYLESTERS AS DEMULGERS FOR RAW OIL CONTAINING WATER. - Google Patents

APPLICATION OF COPOLYMERIZES OF POLYOXYLYCYLENETERS OF ALLYL AND / OR METALYL ALCOHOL AND ACRYLIC OR METACRYLESTERS AS DEMULGERS FOR RAW OIL CONTAINING WATER. Download PDF

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Publication number
NO166287B
NO166287B NO860252A NO860252A NO166287B NO 166287 B NO166287 B NO 166287B NO 860252 A NO860252 A NO 860252A NO 860252 A NO860252 A NO 860252A NO 166287 B NO166287 B NO 166287B
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Norway
Prior art keywords
rail
rails
undercut
rail system
sections
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Application number
NO860252A
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Norwegian (no)
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NO166287C (en
NO860252L (en
Inventor
Juergen Fock
Eberhard Esselborn
Werner Hoehner
Original Assignee
Goldschmidt Ag Th
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Goldschmidt Ag Th filed Critical Goldschmidt Ag Th
Publication of NO860252L publication Critical patent/NO860252L/en
Publication of NO166287B publication Critical patent/NO166287B/en
Publication of NO166287C publication Critical patent/NO166287C/en

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G33/00Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
    • C10G33/04Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with chemical means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F216/00Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
    • C08F216/12Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
    • C08F216/14Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
    • C08F216/1416Monomers containing oxygen in addition to the ether oxygen, e.g. allyl glycidyl ether
    • C08F216/1425Monomers containing side chains of polyether groups
    • C08F216/1433Monomers containing side chains of polyethylene oxide groups
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08FMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F216/00Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
    • C08F216/12Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
    • C08F216/14Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
    • C08F216/1416Monomers containing oxygen in addition to the ether oxygen, e.g. allyl glycidyl ether
    • C08F216/1425Monomers containing side chains of polyether groups
    • C08F216/1441Monomers containing side chains of polypropylene oxide groups

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
  • Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Description

Skinneanlegg med skinner for systembyggesett. Rail system with rails for system building kits.

Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår et skinneanlegg med skinner som består av et steg og langs dettes lengdekanter forlopende vulster, og som i stegområdet har utsnitt. The present invention relates to a rail system with rails which consist of a step and beads extending along its longitudinal edges, and which have cutouts in the step area.

Der er kjent et skinneanlegg hvor skinnene har utsnitt som partier av sviller kan fores inn i for på denne måte å oppnå en innbyrdes forbindelse mellom skinnene. Forbindelsen mellom skinnene i lengderetningen finner sted på den måte at de respektive skinneender overlapper hinannen et bestemt stykke, slik at et utsnitt i en skinne flukter med et utsnitt i den annen skinne. Svillene kan herunder stå A rail system is known where the rails have cutouts into which sections of sleepers can be inserted in order to achieve a mutual connection between the rails in this way. The connection between the rails in the longitudinal direction takes place in such a way that the respective rail ends overlap each other a certain distance, so that a section in one rail aligns with a section in the other rail. The sleepers can stand underneath

i inngrep med begge utsnitt, slik at der også oppnås en lengdeforbindelæ. in engagement with both sections, so that a longitudinal connection is also achieved.

Denne forbindelsesmåte har den ulempe at det ikke er mulig å få skinnene til å flukte nbyaktig. På forbindelsesstedene forandrer sporvidden seg fra skinnepar til skinnepar. En slik forandring av sporvidden kan i de fleste tilfelle ikke tåles, spesielt ikke når der istedenfor sporkranshjul anvendes hjul med riller. This method of connection has the disadvantage that it is not possible to get the rails to run smoothly. At the connection points, the gauge changes from rail pair to rail pair. Such a change in the track width cannot be tolerated in most cases, especially not when wheels with grooves are used instead of rim wheels.

Til grunn for oppfinnelsen ligger den oppgave ved et skinneanlegg å gjore det mulig såvel å forbinde to parallelle, ved siden av. hverandre liggende skinner innbyrdes som å forbinde etter hverandre liggende skinner i lengderetningen uten at de ovenfor nevnte ulemper opptrer. Samtidig skal det imidlertid også være mulig med forbindelses-elementene å fremstille ytterligere modellbyggegrupper som horer direkte eller indirekte sammen med skinneanlegget. The invention is based on the task of a rail system to make it possible to connect two parallel ones, side by side. rails lying next to each other as to connect rails lying one behind the other in the longitudinal direction without the above-mentioned disadvantages occurring. At the same time, however, it must also be possible with the connecting elements to produce additional model building groups that fit directly or indirectly with the rail system.

Ifolge oppfinnelsen blir dette oppnådd ved at underskårne forbindelsestapper som er anordnet på for seg kjente byggeklosser med underskårne noter, for dannelse av en tverrforbindelse mellom skinnene kan settes inn i disses utsnitt, som har avsnitt hvorav minst ett har en bredde svarende til bredden av roten av en forbindelsestapp, og at underskårne forbindelsestapper på ytterligere byggeklosser for dannelse av en lengdeforbindelse mellom skinnene kan skyves inn i de underskårne noter i de forstnevnte byggeklosser. According to the invention, this is achieved by the fact that undercut connecting pins which are arranged on known building blocks with undercut grooves, for the formation of a transverse connection between the rails, can be inserted into their sections, which have sections of which at least one has a width corresponding to the width of the root of a connecting pin, and that undercut connecting pins on further building blocks to form a longitudinal connection between the rails can be pushed into the undercut grooves in the first-mentioned building blocks.

Ifolge oppfinnelsen blir to skinner satt sammen til et skinnepar ved hjelp av byggeklosser ved at de på endeflatene av byggeklossene anordnede tapper forst settes inn i utsnittet med storst bredde. Deretter blir byggeklossene skjovet inn i utsnittet med mindre bredde, hvorved der fås en formsluttende forbindelse. For å bevirke en forbindelse mellom to på denne måte dannede skinnepar blir de byggeklosser som er anordnet ved de respektive ender av skinneparene, forbundet med hinannen ved hjelp av ytterligere byggeklosser med underskårne noter og underskårne forbindelsestapper ved at forbindelses-tappene i disse byggeklosser skyves i inngrep med de likeledes underskårne noter i de byggeklosser som allerede står i inngrep med skinnene. Ved denne anordning fås en formsluttende kraftoverfbrende forbindelse mellom de enkelte skinnepar, samtidig som de etter hverandre anordnede skinner flukter med hverandre. I de underskårne noter av byggeklossene som skaffer forbindelsen mellom skinnene, kan underskårne tapper på andre byggeklosser settes inn, slik at ytterligere modellbyggegrupper som har tilknytning til det dannede skinneanlegg, f.eks. ledningsmaster for luftledninger eller lignende, kan fremstilles. Endelig kan også skinneanlegg forbindes med en krankonstruksjon som er fremstilt fra byggeklosser av den angitte art for å anvendes som krankjbrebåne. Dérmed er skinhéanlegget ifblge oppfinnelsen ikke båre anvendelig for rene leketby- eller modelljernbaner. Tvertimot utgjor det en bestand-del av et leketby-systembyggesett og tjener på fordelaktig måte til utfyllende utformning av dette. According to the invention, two rails are put together to form a pair of rails by means of building blocks in that the studs arranged on the end surfaces of the building blocks are first inserted into the section with the largest width. The building blocks are then pushed into the section with a smaller width, whereby a shape-locking connection is obtained. In order to effect a connection between two rail pairs formed in this way, the building blocks arranged at the respective ends of the rail pairs are connected to each other by means of further building blocks with undercut grooves and undercut connection pins by the connection pins in these building blocks being pushed into engagement with the likewise undercut grooves in the building blocks that are already engaged with the rails. With this device, a form-fitting force-transmitting connection is obtained between the individual pairs of rails, at the same time that the successively arranged rails are flush with each other. In the undercut grooves of the building blocks that provide the connection between the rails, undercut studs on other building blocks can be inserted, so that additional model building groups that are connected to the formed rail system, e.g. cable masts for overhead lines or the like can be produced. Finally, rail systems can also be connected to a crane structure that is made from building blocks of the specified type to be used as a crane bridge. Thus, the skin system according to the invention is not suitable for purely toy city or model railways. On the contrary, it forms a constituent part of a toy city system building kit and serves in an advantageous way to complement this design.

Ytterligere, trekk ved oppfinnelsen vil fremgå av den etter-fblgende beskrivelse under henvisning til tegningen, som viser ut-fbrelseseksempler på oppfinnelsen. Fig. 1 er et oppriss av skinner sdm er forbundet med hverandre i lengderetningen. Further, features of the invention will appear from the following description with reference to the drawing, which shows examples of the invention. Fig. 1 is an elevation of rails sdm are connected to each other in the longitudinal direction.

Fig. 2 er et grunnriss.av skinneforbindelseh på fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a ground plan of the rail connection in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 viser en strbmskinnebyggedel i perspektivriss. Fig. 3 shows a strbm rail component in perspective view.

Fig. 4 viser strbmskinnen på fig. 3 i snitt etter linjen Fig. 4 shows the strbm rail in fig. 3 on average after the line

XI-XI.. XI-XI..

Den med 1 betegnede skinne består av et steg 14 og langs dettes lengdekanter forlbpende vulster 2. I området for steget 14 The rail denoted by 1 consists of a step 14 and beads 2 running along its longitudinal edges. In the area of the step 14

er der ved skinneenden anordnet, et utsnitt som består av tre avsnitt 4» 5 og 5'« Avsnittet 4 har en bredde som er lik eller stbrre enn bredden av den underskårne forbindelsestapp 7 Pa en byggekloss 6. is arranged there at the rail end, a section consisting of three sections 4" 5 and 5'" The section 4 has a width that is equal to or greater than the width of the undercut connecting pin 7 on a building block 6.

De tilgrensende avsnitt 5 og 5' nar derimot en bredde som svarer til bredden av roten av en forbindelsestapp 7« Sammensetningen av to skinner til et skinnepar er vist på fig. 2. For oppnåelse av forbindelsen blir den.underskårne forbindelsestapp 7 Pa en byggekloss 6 satt inn i avsnittet 4 av det i steget 14 anordnede utsnitt. Deretter blir byggeklossen skjbvet inn i et av de tilgrensende avsnitt med mindre bredde. På samme måte blir den annen tapp i byggeklossen satt inn i utsnittet i den annen skinne. Når der skal fremstilles ert spor-bredde som er stbrre enn lengden av en byggekloss 6, kan flere byggeklosser forbindes med hverandre. De ytterligere byggeklosser har ved den ene ende en uhderskåret forbindelsestapp og ved den motliggende ende en underskåret not som den underskårne forbindelsestapp i den fbrstnevnte byggekloss 6 kan settes inn i. The adjacent sections 5 and 5', on the other hand, have a width that corresponds to the width of the root of a connecting pin 7'. The assembly of two rails into a pair of rails is shown in fig. 2. To achieve the connection, the undercut connecting pin 7 on a building block 6 is inserted into section 4 of the section arranged in step 14. The building block is then pushed into one of the adjacent sections with a smaller width. In the same way, the second tenon in the building block is inserted into the cutout in the second rail. When a track width that is greater than the length of a building block 6 is to be produced, several building blocks can be connected to each other. The further building blocks have at one end an undercut connecting pin and at the opposite end an undercut groove into which the undercut connecting pin in the first-mentioned building block 6 can be inserted.

For lengdeforbindelse mellom skinneparene blir de underskårne forbindelsestapper på ytterligere byggeklosser satt inn i de underskårne noter i de fbrstnevnte byggeklosser. Som vist på fig. 2 kan ytterligere byggeklosser 6 med underskårne noter 11 settes inn i et annet utsnitt i en skinne for å tillate påbygning av ytterligere modellbyggegrupper på skinneanlegget. For the longitudinal connection between the rail pairs, the undercut connecting pins on further building blocks are inserted into the undercut grooves in the first-mentioned building blocks. As shown in fig. 2, further building blocks 6 with undercut grooves 11 can be inserted into another section in a rail to allow additional model building groups to be added to the rail system.

For at skinneanlegget også skal kunne anvendes for kjorefoy So that the rail system can also be used for driving

med en elektrodrivmotor eller andre stromforbrukere,som f.eks. glbde- with an electric drive motor or other current consumers, such as e.g. glbde-

lamper, kan der anvendes skinnebyggedeler som vist på fig. 3 °S 4« Stromskinnebyggedelene har herunder samme form og samme dimensjoner lamps, rail components can be used as shown in fig. 3 °S 4« The busbar components have the same shape and the same dimensions

som de på fig. 1 og 2 viste skinnedeler for å tillate en mest mulig universell anvendelse. Hver strbmskinnebyggedel 21 består av en midtdel 22 av et>lsolerende materiale. To strbmledende deler 23, 24 such as those in fig. 1 and 2 showed rail parts to allow the most universal application possible. Each busbar construction part 21 consists of a middle part 22 of insulating material. Two strbmconducting parts 23, 24

er festet til hver sin side av delen 22. Delene 22, 23 og 24 er inn- are attached to each side of part 22. Parts 22, 23 and 24 are in-

byrdes forbundet ved hjelp av isolerende organer, f.eks. nagler 25. are connected by means of insulating bodies, e.g. rivets 25.

For tilkobling av andre byggedeler er der igjen anordnet utsnitt, som For the connection of other building parts, there are again sections arranged, such as

er generelt betegnet med 26, og som består av avsnitt 26a, 26b og 26c' is generally denoted by 26, and which consists of sections 26a, 26b and 26c'

svarende til avsnittene 5, 4 og 5' Pa fig« !• corresponding to sections 5, 4 and 5' Pa fig« !•

Claims (6)

1. Skinneanlegg med skinner (1, 21) som består av et steg (14)1. Rail system with rails (1, 21) consisting of a step (14) og langs dettes lengdekanter forlbpende vulster (2), og som i steg-oxnrådet har utsnitt, karakterisert ved at underskårne forbindelsestapper (7) som.er anordnet på for seg kjente byggeklosser (6) med underskårne hoter (1), for dannelse av en tverrforbindelse mellom skinnene (1, 21) kan settes inn i disses utsnitt, som har avsnitt (4, 5> 5'» 26a, 26b, 26c') hvorav minst ett (4, 26b) har en bredde svarende til den stbrste bredde av en forbindelsestapp (7) og et annet (5» 5'» 26a, 26c') har en bredde svarende til bredden av roten av en forbindelsestapp, og at underskårne forbindelsestapper på ytterligere byggeklosser (6) for dannelse av en lengdeforbindelse mellom skinnene (1, 21) kan skyves inn i de underskårne noter (11) i de fbrstnevnte byggeklosser. and beads (2) running along its longitudinal edges, and which in the step-ox area have cutouts, characterized by undercut connection pins (7) which are arranged on known building blocks (6) with undercut heads (1), to form a transverse connection between the rails (1, 21) can be inserted into their sections, which have sections (4, 5 > 5'» 26a, 26b, 26c') of which at least one (4, 26b) has a width corresponding to the width of the a connecting pin (7) and another (5» 5'» 26a, 26c') have a width corresponding to the width of the root of a connecting pin, and that undercut connecting pins on further building blocks (6) to form a longitudinal connection between the rails (1 , 21) can be pushed into the undercut grooves (11) in the aforementioned building blocks. 2. Skinneanlegg som angitt i krav 1, karakterisert ved at der ved endene av hvert steg er utsnitt med to smale avsnitt og ét bredt midtavsnitt. 2. Rail system as specified in claim 1, characterized in that at the ends of each step there are sections with two narrow sections and one wide middle section. 3. Skinneanlegg som angitt i et.av de foregående krav,karakterisert ved at skinnebyggedeler (21) for bruk som strbmskinner har en midtdel (22) som er fremstilt av isolerende materiale, og på hvis yttersider der i det minste i området for vulstene er påsatt hver sin strbmledende del (23, 24). 3. Rail system as specified in one of the preceding claims, characterized in that rail components (21) for use as rigid rails have a middle part (22) which is made of insulating material, and on whose outer sides there are at least in the area of the beads fitted each with its own strbmconducting part (23, 24). 4. Skinneanlegg som angitt i krav 3, karakterisert ved at de strbmledende deler (23, 24) strekker seg over hele hbyden av den isolerende del. 4. Rail system as specified in claim 3, characterized in that the current-conducting parts (23, 24) extend over the entire height of the insulating part. 5. Skinneanlegg som angitt i krav 3 eller 4. karakterisert ved at strbmskinnebyggedelen (21) har samme dimensjoner som de vanlige skinnedeler (1). 5. Rail system as specified in claim 3 or 4. characterized in that the rigid rail construction part (21) has the same dimensions as the normal rail parts (1). 6. Skinneanlegg som angitt 1 krav 3» 4 eller 5, k a r a k -v?,, teris ert ved at de på hver sin side av den isolerende del (22) anordnede, strbmledende deler (23, 24) holdes sammen ved hjelp av isolerende forbindelsesorganer, f.eks. nagler (25)•6. Rail system as indicated in claim 1 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the conductive parts (23, 24) arranged on either side of the insulating part (22) are held together by means of insulating connecting means, e.g. rivets (25)•
NO860252A 1985-04-16 1986-01-24 APPLICATION OF COPOLYMERIZES OF POLYOXYLYCYLENETERS OF ALLYL AND / OR METALYL ALCOHOL AND ACRYLIC OR METACRYLESTERS AS DEMULGERS FOR RAW OIL CONTAINING WATER. NO166287C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3513550A DE3513550C1 (en) 1985-04-16 1985-04-16 Use of copolymers of polyoxyalkylene ethers of allyl and / or methallyl alcohol and acrylic or methacrylic esters as demulsifiers for petroleum containing water

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO860252L NO860252L (en) 1986-10-17
NO166287B true NO166287B (en) 1991-03-18
NO166287C NO166287C (en) 1991-06-26

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NO860252A NO166287C (en) 1985-04-16 1986-01-24 APPLICATION OF COPOLYMERIZES OF POLYOXYLYCYLENETERS OF ALLYL AND / OR METALYL ALCOHOL AND ACRYLIC OR METACRYLESTERS AS DEMULGERS FOR RAW OIL CONTAINING WATER.

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE3513550C1 (en)
GB (1) GB2174096B (en)
NO (1) NO166287C (en)

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GB2231876A (en) * 1989-05-16 1990-11-28 Ici Plc Temporary aqueous coating composition
GB2223761B (en) * 1988-10-12 1992-06-03 Ici Plc Temporary protective aqueous coating composition
DE4104610A1 (en) * 1991-02-15 1992-08-20 Basf Ag ACTION PRODUCTS OF ALKOXYLATES AND VINYLIC MONOMERS, PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE AS DEMULGATORS FOR CRUDEOULULULULULAR POWERS
EP0523672B1 (en) * 1991-07-18 1996-10-09 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Esters of copolymers of ethylenic unsaturated carboxylic acid and polyoxyalkylenether of lower, unsaturated alcohols as flow improvers of paraffin-containing oils
US5475073A (en) * 1994-11-18 1995-12-12 Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. Hydroxy-functional acrylate resins
DE19603696A1 (en) * 1996-02-02 1997-08-07 Roehm Gmbh Demulsifiers
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CN112079968A (en) * 2019-06-14 2020-12-15 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Acrylate polymer containing polyether and long carbon chain ester structure and preparation method thereof
CN112126020A (en) * 2019-06-24 2020-12-25 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Acrylic ester polymer for demulsification of heavy oil emulsion and preparation method thereof
CN112410063B (en) * 2019-08-22 2022-05-24 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Crude oil demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof
CN110628012A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-12-31 天津大学 Novel demulsifier
CN112662422B (en) * 2019-10-16 2022-08-19 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Crude oil demulsifier and preparation method and application thereof

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EP0056627B1 (en) * 1981-01-16 1984-10-03 Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd Copolymer and method for manufacture thereof
IT1172325B (en) * 1982-11-06 1987-06-18 Goldschmidt Ag Th PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYMERISES WITH POLYOXYKYLENE CHAINS LATERALLY LINKED AND THEIR USE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYURETHANE
DE3338923C1 (en) * 1983-10-27 1985-02-21 Th. Goldschmidt Ag, 4300 Essen Use of copolymers of polyoxyalkylene ethers of allyl and / or methallyl alcohol and vinyl esters as demulsifiers for crude oil containing water
JPS6157609A (en) * 1984-08-30 1986-03-24 Central Glass Co Ltd Fluorine-containing copolymer
DE3500722C1 (en) * 1985-01-11 1986-06-05 Th. Goldschmidt Ag, 4300 Essen Curable adhesive based on polyurethane

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2174096A (en) 1986-10-29
NO166287C (en) 1991-06-26
GB8608438D0 (en) 1986-05-14
NO860252L (en) 1986-10-17
DE3513550C1 (en) 1986-11-06
GB2174096B (en) 1989-10-25

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