NO164778B - NEW POLY (LAKTIME CO-GLYCOLIDE) POLYMERS. - Google Patents
NEW POLY (LAKTIME CO-GLYCOLIDE) POLYMERS. Download PDFInfo
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- NO164778B NO164778B NO83832165A NO832165A NO164778B NO 164778 B NO164778 B NO 164778B NO 83832165 A NO83832165 A NO 83832165A NO 832165 A NO832165 A NO 832165A NO 164778 B NO164778 B NO 164778B
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- Prior art keywords
- glycolide
- polypeptide
- polymers
- lactic acid
- polymer
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 17
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical group CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical group OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001606 poly(lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007151 ring opening polymerisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 24
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 24
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N L-lactic acid Chemical compound C[C@H](O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1COC(=O)CO1 RKDVKSZUMVYZHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 4511-42-6 Chemical compound C[C@@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L di(octanoyloxy)tin Chemical compound [Sn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O JQZRVMZHTADUSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002988 biodegradable polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004621 biodegradable polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 and of these Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 150000001553 barium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002051 biphasic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003405 delayed action preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylzinc Chemical compound CC[Zn]CC HQWPLXHWEZZGKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHQDTOLHOFHHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O PCHQDTOLHOFHHK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
Description
Denne oppfinnelse angår nye poly(laktid-ko-glykolid)-polymerer som er verdifulle ved fremstilling av farmasøytiske preparater inneholdende farmakologisk aktive, syrestabile polypeptider, som gir kontinuerlig frigjøring av polypeptidet over lengre tid når innretningen anbringes i et vandig miljø av fysiologisk karakter. This invention relates to new poly(lactide-co-glycolide) polymers which are valuable in the production of pharmaceutical preparations containing pharmacologically active, acid-stable polypeptides, which provide continuous release of the polypeptide over a longer period of time when the device is placed in an aqueous environment of a physiological nature.
Man har lenge vært klar over at kontinuerlig frigjøring av visse legemidler over lengre tid efter en enkel administrering ville ha betydelig praktiske fordeler i klinisk praksis, og det er utviklet preparater som medfører langvarig frigjøring av en rekke klinisk nyttige legemidler efter oral dosering (se f.eks. Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, publisert av Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA, 15.utgave, 1975, side 1631-1643), og efter lokal administrering (se f.eks. britisk patent 1.351.409). En egnet metode for parenteral administrering er subdermal injeksjon eller implantering av et fast legeme, for eksempel en pellet eller en film, inneholdende middelet, og en rekke slike implanterbare innretninger er beskrevet. It has long been known that the continuous release of certain drugs over a longer period of time after a simple administration would have significant practical advantages in clinical practice, and preparations have been developed which lead to the long-term release of a number of clinically useful drugs after oral dosing (see e.g. eg Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, published by Mack Publishing Company, Easton, Pennsylvania, USA, 15th edition, 1975, pages 1631-1643), and by local administration (see eg British Patent 1,351,409). A suitable method of parenteral administration is subdermal injection or implantation of a solid body, for example a pellet or a film, containing the agent, and a number of such implantable devices have been described.
Spesielt er det kjent at for mange midler kan egnede implanterbare innretninger som medfører langvarig legemiddel-frigjøring, oppnås ved innkapsling av legemiddelet i en biologisk nedbrytbar polymer, eller ved å fordele legemiddelet i en grunnmasse av en slik polymer, slik at legemiddelet frigjøres efter som nedbryt-ningen av polymer-grunnmassen skrider frem. In particular, it is known that for many agents, suitable implantable devices that result in long-term drug release can be achieved by encapsulating the drug in a biodegradable polymer, or by distributing the drug in a base mass of such a polymer, so that the drug is released after it breaks down -the polymer matrix is progressing.
Egnede biologisk nedbrytbare polymerer for anvendelse i preparater med forsinket frigjøring, er velkjent og omfatter polyestere, som gradvis nedbrytes ved hydrolyse når de anbringes i et vandig miljø av fysiologisk karakter. Spesielle polyestere som har vært anvendt, er de som er avledet fra hydroksykarboksylsyrer, og meget av den tidligere litteratur er rettet mot polymerer avledet fra a-hydroksykarboksylsyrer, særlig melkesyre i både sin racemiske og sine optiske former, og glykolsyre, og kopolymer derav - se f.eks. US-patenter 3.773.919 og 3.887.699; Jackanicz et al., Contraception, 1973, 8, 227-234; Anderson et al., ibidem, 1976, 11, 375-384; Wise et al., Life Sciences, 1976, 19, 867-874; Woodland et al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1973, 16, 897-901; Yolles et al., Bulletin of the Parenteral Drug Association, 1976, 30, 306-312; Suitable biodegradable polymers for use in sustained release preparations are well known and include polyesters, which gradually degrade by hydrolysis when placed in an aqueous environment of a physiological nature. Special polyesters that have been used are those derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, and much of the previous literature is aimed at polymers derived from α-hydroxycarboxylic acids, especially lactic acid in both its racemic and its optical forms, and glycolic acid, and copolymers thereof - see e.g. US Patents 3,773,919 and 3,887,699; Jackanicz et al., Contraception, 1973, 8, 227-234; Anderson et al., ibidem, 1976, 11, 375-384; Wise et al., Life Sciences, 1976, 19, 867-874; Woodland et al., Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 1973, 16, 897-901; Yolles et al., Bulletin of the Parenteral Drug Association, 1976, 30, 306-312;
Wise et al., Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 1978, 30, 686-689 og 1979, 31, 201-204. Wise et al., Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 1978, 30, 686-689 and 1979, 31, 201-204.
Uttrykket "polyaktid" anvendes her i generell betydning og skal omfatte kopolymerer av melkesyre og glykolsyre og blandinger av slike kopolymerer, idet melkesyren er i enten racemisk eller i optisk form. Uttrykket "syrestabil" i tilknytning til et polypeptid skal forstås slik at polypeptidet ikke i vesentlig grad hydrolyseres under de betingelser som de nye innretninger vil være utsatt for ved den tiltenkte bruk, dvs. ved pH 2 ved kroppstemperatur for pattedyr, f.eks. opp til 40°C, i<1>opp til seks måneder. The term "polyactide" is used here in a general sense and shall include copolymers of lactic acid and glycolic acid and mixtures of such copolymers, the lactic acid being in either racemic or optical form. The expression "acid stable" in connection with a polypeptide is to be understood so that the polypeptide is not hydrolysed to a significant extent under the conditions to which the new devices will be exposed in the intended use, i.e. at pH 2 at body temperature for mammals, e.g. up to 40°C, for<1>up to six months.
Britisk patent 1.325.209 (svarende til US-patent: 3 . 773 . 919) og US-patent 3.887.669 er den eneste for oss kjente litteratur som omtaler forlenget eller forsinket frigjering av polypeptider, og sistnevnte omtaler bare insulin, men inneholder intet spesielt eksempel på noe slikt preparat, og henvisningen til polypeptider er tilsynelatende helt spekulativ, eftersom den bare forekommer i en lang liste over meget forskjellige klasser av legemidler som det påstås kan innarbeides i preparater-av den der beskrevne type. Tilnærmet alle de andre typer legemidler som omtales i nevnte patent, bortsett fra polypeptider., er forholdsvis hydrofobe av karakter og har forholdsvis lav molekylvekt, og det angis intet i patentet om at man er oppmerksom på de vanskeligheter som har vært til stede-ved forsøk på å oppnå tilfresstillende preparater med langvarig frigjøring av polypeptider, hvorav mange er forholdvisnhydrofile og har forholdsvis høy molekylvekt. British patent 1,325,209 (equivalent to US patent: 3 773 919) and US patent 3 887 669 are the only literature known to us that mentions prolonged or delayed release of polypeptides, and the latter only mentions insulin, but contains nothing particular example of any such preparation, and the reference to polypeptides is apparently entirely speculative, since it occurs only in a long list of very different classes of drugs which it is claimed can be incorporated into preparations of the type described there. Almost all the other types of drugs mentioned in the said patent, apart from polypeptides, are relatively hydrophobic in nature and have a relatively low molecular weight, and there is no indication in the patent that one is aware of the difficulties that have been present - during trials on obtaining satisfactory preparations with long-term release of polypeptides, many of which are relatively hydrophilic and have a relatively high molecular weight.
Det skal forstås at "langvarig" eller "forlengetf'1'frigjøring av et legemiddel kan være enten kontinuerlig eller diskontinuerlig. Vi har nå funnet at i mange tilfeller når den:'.tidligere kjente teknikk, særlig det som er kjent fra britisk patent 1.325.209, anvendes ved fremstilling av et preparat av et syrestabilt polypeptid, kan frigjøringen av polypeptidet fra preparatet også være diskontinuerlig selv om den finner sted over lengre tid. Forut for frigjøringen av et polypeptid fra en polyaktid-polymer som beskrevet i nevnte patent, forekbmmer det vanligvis enten en betydelig induksjonsperiode i løpete av hvilken intet polypeptid frigjøres, eller frigjøringen er av to-fase-karakter og omfatter en første periode i løpet av hvilken noe polypeptid frigjøres, en annen periode under hvilken lite eller intet polypeptid frigjøres, en annen periode under hvilken lite eller intet polypeptid frigjøres, og en tredje periode under hvilke mesteparten av resten av polypeptidet frigjøres. I motsetning til dette er det er formål med foreliggende oppfinnelse å tilveiebringe nye polymerer for anvendelse ved fremstilling av preparater inneholdende syrestabile polypeptider fra hvilke, muligens bortsett fra en forholdsvis kort første induksjonsperiode, polypeptidet frigjøres kontinuerlig uten noen perioder hvor lite eller intet polypeptid frigjøres. It should be understood that "prolonged" or "extended" release of a drug can be either continuous or discontinuous. We have now found that in many cases it reaches:'.prior art, particularly that known from British patent 1,325 .209, is used in the preparation of a preparation of an acid-stable polypeptide, the release of the polypeptide from the preparation can also be discontinuous even if it takes place over a longer period of time. Prior to the release of a polypeptide from a polyactide polymer as described in said patent, there is usually either a significant induction period during which no polypeptide is released, or the release is biphasic in nature and comprises a first period during which some polypeptide is released, a second period during which little or no polypeptide is released, another period during which little or no polypeptide is released, and a third period during which most of the rest of the polypeptide is released. In addition to this, it is the purpose of the present invention to provide new polymers for use in the production of preparations containing acid-stable polypeptides from which, possibly apart from a relatively short first induction period, the polypeptide is released continuously without any periods where little or no polypeptide is released.
Ansøkning 82.0433 (utlegningsskrift 162.103) som denne er avdelt fra, angår en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et farmasøytisk preparat inneholdende et syrestabilt polypeptid og en poly(laktid-glykolid)polymer, og fra hvilket et polypeptid vil frigis kontinuerlig ved bruk. Fremgangsmåten ifølge nevnte ansøkning kjennetegnes ved at polymeren har minst 25 mol% melkesyre-enheter og opp til 75 mol% glykolsyre-enheter i form av blokker med gjennomsnittlig minst to identiske monomerenheter og er enten oppløselig i benzen og har en egenviskositet (lg/100 ml oppløsning i benzen) på under 0,3, eller er uoppløse-lig i benzen og har en egenviskositet (lg/100 ml oppløsning i kloroform eller dioksan) under 4, og ved at fremgangsmåten omfatter jevn blanding av polypeptidet og polymeren ved oppløsning av begge komponenter i et frysetørrbart felles oppløsningsmiddel, fulgt av frysing og derefter frysetørring, eventuelt efterfulgt av press-støping av den intime, faste blanding av polypeptidet og polymeren. Application 82.0433 (explanatory document 162.103) from which this is separated, relates to a method for the production of a pharmaceutical preparation containing an acid-stable polypeptide and a poly(lactide-glycolide) polymer, and from which a polypeptide will be released continuously during use. The method according to said application is characterized by the fact that the polymer has at least 25 mol% lactic acid units and up to 75 mol% glycolic acid units in the form of blocks with an average of at least two identical monomer units and is either soluble in benzene and has an intrinsic viscosity (lg/100 ml solution in benzene) of less than 0.3, or is insoluble in benzene and has an intrinsic viscosity (lg/100 ml solution in chloroform or dioxane) of less than 4, and in that the method comprises uniform mixing of the polypeptide and the polymer by dissolving both components in a freeze-drying co-solvent, followed by freezing and then freeze-drying, optionally followed by compression molding of the intimate, solid mixture of the polypeptide and polymer.
Ordene "frigis kontinuerlig" beskriver en frigjøringsprofil som er i alt vesentlig av én-fase-karakter, selv om den kan ha et knekkpunkt, men den har absolutt ingen "platå"-fase. The words "continuously released" describe a release profile that is essentially single-phase in nature, although it may have a tipping point, but it certainly has no "plateau" phase.
I henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringes således en poly(laktid-ko-glykolid)polymer som omfatter minst 25 mol% melkesyreenheter og opp til 75 mol% glykolsyreenheter og har en grenseviskositet i kloroform på 1,36 eller lavere, og er fremstilt ved ringåpningskopolymerisasjon av en blanding av de cykliske dimerer av melkesyre og glykolsyre. According to the present invention, a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) polymer is thus provided which comprises at least 25 mol% lactic acid units and up to 75 mol% glycolic acid units and has an intrinsic viscosity in chloroform of 1.36 or lower, and is produced by ring-opening copolymerization of a mixture of the cyclic dimers of lactic acid and glycolic acid.
Melkesyreinnholdet i kopolymeren er fortrinnsvis i racemisk (D,L)-form eller i den optisk aktive L-form. The lactic acid content in the copolymer is preferably in racemic (D, L) form or in the optically active L form.
Poly(laktid-ko-glykolid)polymeren ifølge oppfinnelsen kan fremstilles ved ringåpningskopolymerisasjon av en blanding av de cykliske dimerer av melkesyre og glykolsyre, eventuelt i nærvær av et kjedevekstregulerende middel. The poly(lactide-co-glycolide) polymer according to the invention can be produced by ring-opening copolymerization of a mixture of the cyclic dimers of lactic acid and glycolic acid, optionally in the presence of a chain growth regulating agent.
Et egnet kjedevekstregulerende middel er f.eks. vann, melkesyre, glykolsyre eller andre hydroksysyrer, alkoholer eller karboksylsyrer i sin alminnelighet. A suitable chain growth regulator is e.g. water, lactic acid, glycolic acid or other hydroxy acids, alcohols or carboxylic acids in general.
Egnede polymerisasjonskatalysatorer er sinkoksyd, sink-karbonat, basisk sink-karbonat, dietylsink, organotinn-forbind-elser, f.eks. tinn(II)oktanoat, tributylaluminium, titan-, magnesium- og bariumforbindelser, eller blyglette, og av disse foretrekkes tinn(II)oktanoat. Suitable polymerization catalysts are zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, basic zinc carbonate, diethyl zinc, organotin compounds, e.g. tin (II) octanoate, tributylaluminium, titanium, magnesium and barium compounds, or lead, and of these, tin (II) octanoate is preferred.
Anvendelse av de nye polymerer ifølge oppfinnelsen ved fremstilling av preparater med kontinuerlig frigjøring av polypeptider, er beskrevet i stamansøkningen 82.0433. Use of the new polymers according to the invention in the production of preparations with continuous release of polypeptides is described in the parent application 82.0433.
Oppfinnelsen illustreres av de følgende fremstillinger og eksempler: The invention is illustrated by the following representations and examples:
Fremstilling 1 Production 1
Sinkoksyd (16 g) ble satt til D,L-melkesyre (800 g) i en 2 liters trehalset, rundbunnet kolbe utstyrt med rører, termo-meter og et destillasjonshode forbundet med en vannkjøler. Blandingen ble omrørt og oppvarmet til ca. 135°C, ved hvilken temperatur vannet begynte å destillere over. Oppvarming ble fortsatt i 8 timer, i løpet av hvilken tid temperaturen steg til ca. 190°C. Da destillasjonen av vann opphørte, ble trykket redusert, og destillasjonen ble fortsatt inntil fast stoff begynte å samle seg i kjøleren. Ved dette trinn ble vann-kjøleren erstattet med en luftkjøler, og residuet ble avkjølt og derefter destillert under høyvakuum (2-8 mm Hg) og den fraksjon (ca. 300 g) som destillerte mellom 130 og 160"C, ble oppsamlet, og dette var D,L-laktid (3,6-dimetyl-l,4-dioksan-2,5-dion), den cykliske dimer av D,L-melkesyre. Zinc oxide (16 g) was added to D,L-lactic acid (800 g) in a 2 liter three-necked, round-bottomed flask equipped with a stirrer, thermometer and a distillation head connected to a water cooler. The mixture was stirred and heated to approx. 135°C, at which temperature the water began to distill above. Heating was continued for 8 hours, during which time the temperature rose to approx. 190°C. When the distillation of water ceased, the pressure was reduced and the distillation continued until solids began to collect in the cooler. At this stage the water cooler was replaced by an air cooler and the residue was cooled and then distilled under high vacuum (2-8 mm Hg) and the fraction (about 300 g) which distilled between 130 and 160°C was collected, and this was D,L-lactide (3,6-dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione), the cyclic dimer of D,L-lactic acid.
Det rå D,L-laktid ble krystallisert fra etylacetat (ca. The crude D,L-lactide was crystallized from ethyl acetate (ca.
i in
600 ml) tre ganger, og det omkrystalliserte produkt ble til 600 ml) three times, and the recrystallized product was obtained
slutt tørret ved 45°C under redusert trykk (2 mm Hg) i 24-48 timer, hvorefter det hadde smp. 124-125'C. finally dried at 45°C under reduced pressure (2 mm Hg) for 24-48 hours, after which it had m.p. 124-125'C.
Fremstilling 2 Manufacturing 2
Glykolid (1,4-dioksan-2,5-dion), den cykliske dimer av glykolsyre, ble fremstilt ved fremgangsmåten beskrevet i Preparative Methods in Polymer Chemistry ved W.R. Sorenson og T.W. Campbell, 2.utgave, publisert av Interscience (1968), side 363. Det rå glykolid ble renset ved tre suksessive krystallisa-sjoner fra tørr etylacetat og derefter tørret ved 45°C under redusert trykk (2-8 mm Hg) i24-48 timer, smp. 82-84°C. Glycolide (1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione), the cyclic dimer of glycolic acid, was prepared by the method described in Preparative Methods in Polymer Chemistry by W.R. Sorenson and T.W. Campbell, 2nd edition, published by Interscience (1968), page 363. The crude glycolide was purified by three successive crystallizations from dry ethyl acetate and then dried at 45°C under reduced pressure (2-8 mm Hg) for 24-48 hours, m.p. 82-84°C.
Eksempler 1- 11 Examples 1-11
Polymerer at D,L-laktid og glykolid ble fremstilt som følger: Rent, tørt D,L-laktid (fremstilling 1), rent, tørt glykolid (fremstilling 2) med en vekt på ialt 42 g, kommersiell D,L-melkesyre inneholdende ca. 12 vekt% vann, og 1 ml av en Polymers that D,L-lactide and glycolide were prepared as follows: Pure, dry D,L-lactide (preparation 1), pure, dry glycolide (preparation 2) with a total weight of 42 g, commercial D,L-lactic acid containing about. 12 wt% water, and 1 ml of a
8 vekt% oppløsning av tinn(II)oktanoat i heksan ble innført i et forhåndstørret glassrør. Heksanet ble avdampet under redusert trykk, og røret ble oppvarmet ved 160'C i 6 timer med 8% by weight solution of tin(II) octanoate in hexane was introduced into a pre-dried glass tube. The hexane was evaporated under reduced pressure, and the tube was heated at 160°C for 6 hours with
konstant omrøring hvis mulig. Røret ble avkjølt i pulverformig, fast karbondioksyd, og polylaktidet ble fjernet, brutt opp i små stykker og oppløst i kloroform (400 ml). Kloroform-oppløsningen ble filtrert, og filtratet ble hellet i metanol (2 liter) for å utfelle polylaktidet, som ble frafiltrert og tørret under vakuum ved 40°C i 24 timer, derefter ved 80°C i 24 timer. Alle de således fremstilte polylaktider var oppløselige i kloroform og dioksan, og var uoppløselige i benzen. constant stirring if possible. The tube was cooled in powdered solid carbon dioxide and the polylactide was removed, broken up into small pieces and dissolved in chloroform (400 mL). The chloroform solution was filtered, and the filtrate was poured into methanol (2 L) to precipitate the polylactide, which was filtered off and dried under vacuum at 40°C for 24 hours, then at 80°C for 24 hours. All the polylactides thus prepared were soluble in chloroform and dioxane, and were insoluble in benzene.
De følgende spesielle polylaktider ble fremstilt ved denne metode: The following particular polylactides were prepared by this method:
Eksempler 12- 24 Examples 12-24
Fremgangsmåten beskrevet i eksempel 1-11 ble gjentatt, bortsett fra at polylaktidet ble oppløst i iseddik, og den således oppnådde iseddik-oppløsning ble satt dråpevis til metanol for å utfelle polylaktidet som ble frafiltrert og tørret under vakuum ved 40°C i 24 timer, derefter ved 80°C i 24 timer. The procedure described in examples 1-11 was repeated, except that the polylactide was dissolved in glacial acetic acid, and the thus obtained glacial acetic acid solution was added dropwise to methanol to precipitate the polylactide which was filtered off and dried under vacuum at 40°C for 24 hours, then at 80°C for 24 hours.
De følgende spesielle polylaktider ble fremstilt ved denne fremgangsmåte: The following particular polylactides were prepared by this method:
Claims (1)
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NO83832165A NO164778B (en) | 1981-02-16 | 1983-06-15 | NEW POLY (LAKTIME CO-GLYCOLIDE) POLYMERS. |
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GB8104734 | 1981-02-16 | ||
NO820433A NO162103C (en) | 1981-02-16 | 1982-02-15 | PROCEDURE FOR PREPARING A PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION |
NO83832165A NO164778B (en) | 1981-02-16 | 1983-06-15 | NEW POLY (LAKTIME CO-GLYCOLIDE) POLYMERS. |
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