NO152753B - PROCEDURE FOR POLYMERIZATION OR COPOLYMERIZATION OF OLEFINES AND CATALYST MIXTURES FOR CARRYING OUT THEREOF - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR POLYMERIZATION OR COPOLYMERIZATION OF OLEFINES AND CATALYST MIXTURES FOR CARRYING OUT THEREOF Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO152753B NO152753B NO772897A NO772897A NO152753B NO 152753 B NO152753 B NO 152753B NO 772897 A NO772897 A NO 772897A NO 772897 A NO772897 A NO 772897A NO 152753 B NO152753 B NO 152753B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- compound
- magnesium
- reaction
- component
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- -1 organic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002901 organomagnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MTZQAGJQAFMTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 12
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 12
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 12
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 5
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000576 tactic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NOGFHTGYPKWWRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,6,6-tetramethyloxan-4-one Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(=O)CC(C)(C)O1 NOGFHTGYPKWWRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KXDAEFPNCMNJSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AQZGPSLYZOOYQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisoamyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)CCOCCC(C)C AQZGPSLYZOOYQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M diethylaluminium chloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)CC YNLAOSYQHBDIKW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OC1=CC=CC=C1 USIUVYZYUHIAEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCO ZSIAUFGUXNUGDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl benzene Natural products OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1O QWVGKYWNOKOFNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanal Chemical compound CCCCCCCC=O NUJGJRNETVAIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLYBTZIQSIBWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(C)=O YLYBTZIQSIBWLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoryl trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)(Cl)=O XHXFXVLFKHQFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PNVPNXKRAUBJGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroacetyl) 2-chloroacetate Chemical compound ClCC(=O)OC(=O)CCl PNVPNXKRAUBJGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AOPDRZXCEAKHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pentoxypentane Chemical compound CCCCCOCCCCC AOPDRZXCEAKHHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-5-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(F)C(C#N)=C1 CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbenzonitrile Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C#N NWPNXBQSRGKSJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXFIRQHMXJBTRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1C(C)C(=O)OC1=O HXFIRQHMXJBTRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSJAWXMCLJVBPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-butyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O NSJAWXMCLJVBPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRTGWRSQRUHPKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCC1CC(=O)OC1=O YRTGWRSQRUHPKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran-2,5-dione Chemical compound CC1=CC(=O)OC1=O AYKYXWQEBUNJCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YQLVIOYSGHEJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyloxane-2,6-dione Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)OC1=O YQLVIOYSGHEJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFATXMYLKPCSCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylsuccinic anhydride Chemical compound CC1CC(=O)OC1=O DFATXMYLKPCSCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJFCVUTYZHUNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octadecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O ZJFCVUTYZHUNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAJCSERLBQROJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O OAJCSERLBQROJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIGWAXDAPKFNCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-isopropylbenzyl alcohol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 OIGWAXDAPKFNCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YYLLIJHXUHJATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 YYLLIJHXUHJATK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl ether Chemical compound COC LCGLNKUTAGEVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFDIRQKJPRINOQ-HWKANZROSA-N Ethyl crotonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C ZFDIRQKJPRINOQ-HWKANZROSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ICMAFTSLXCXHRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl pentanoate Chemical compound CCCCC(=O)OCC ICMAFTSLXCXHRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007818 Grignard reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical group Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isothiocyanatocyclopropane Chemical compound S=C=NC1CC1 JGFBQFKZKSSODQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 101100237460 Rattus norvegicus Mgll gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910003902 SiCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N acetaldehyde Chemical compound [14CH]([14CH3])=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-XPULMUKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UDEWPOVQBGFNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid n-propyl ester Natural products CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UDEWPOVQBGFNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JKFJJYOIWGFQGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromo-bis(2-methylpropyl)alumane Chemical compound [Br-].CC(C)C[Al+]CC(C)C JKFJJYOIWGFQGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoyl butanoate Chemical compound CCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCC YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHOVVTSKTTYFGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L butylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CCCC[Al](Cl)Cl SHOVVTSKTTYFGP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric acid octyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CCC PWLNAUNEAKQYLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HJXBDPDUCXORKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylalumane Chemical compound CC[AlH]CC HJXBDPDUCXORKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NWADXBLMWHFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic anhydride Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC NWADXBLMWHFGGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940052296 esters of benzoic acid for local anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GCPCLEKQVMKXJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(diethyl)alumane Chemical compound CCO[Al](CC)CC GCPCLEKQVMKXJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWYBVQLPTCMVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2,2-dichloroacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(Cl)Cl IWYBVQLPTCMVFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWPWRAWAUYIELB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 4-methylbenzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 NWPWRAWAUYIELB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJOYCHKVKWDMEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1CCCCC1 JJOYCHKVKWDMEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L ethylaluminum(2+);dichloride Chemical compound CC[Al](Cl)Cl UAIZDWNSWGTKFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaric anhydride Chemical compound O=C1CCCC(=O)O1 VANNPISTIUFMLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PKHMTIRCAFTBDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoyl hexanoate Chemical compound CCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCCCC PKHMTIRCAFTBDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- LSACYLWPPQLVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid anhydride Chemical compound CC(C)C(=O)OC(=O)C(C)C LSACYLWPPQLVSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDQLUYWHCUWSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolate;titanium(3+) Chemical compound [Ti+3].[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C JDQLUYWHCUWSJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QABLOFMHHSOFRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-chloroacetate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCl QABLOFMHHSOFRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OLXYLDUSSBULGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 OLXYLDUSSBULGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNRCVAANTQNTPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C2C1C1(C)C=CC2C1 KNRCVAANTQNTPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- MXHTZQSKTCCMFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dibenzyl-1-phenylmethanamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 MXHTZQSKTCCMFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Propyl acetate Natural products CCCOC(C)=O YKYONYBAUNKHLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyric acid methyl ester Natural products CCCC(=O)OC UUIQMZJEGPQKFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVJVHUWVQNLPCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC WVJVHUWVQNLPCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002899 organoaluminium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl propionaldehyde Natural products CCC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRIOVPPHQSLHCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionic anhydride Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC(=O)CC WYVAMUWZEOHJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UBZYKBZMAMTNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrabromide Chemical compound Br[Ti](Br)(Br)Br UBZYKBZMAMTNKW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- RLUJQBLWUQZMDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC1=CC=CC=C1 RLUJQBLWUQZMDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFDIRQKJPRINOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N transbutenic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC ZFDIRQKJPRINOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000391 tricalcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/02—Carriers therefor
- C08F4/022—Magnesium halide as support anhydrous or hydrated or complexed by means of a Lewis base for Ziegler-type catalysts
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte av den The present invention relates to a method thereof
art som er angitt i krav l's ingress, samt en katalysator av den art som er angitt i krav Vs ingress. species specified in claim 1's preamble, as well as a catalyst of the type specified in claim V's preamble.
Mange tidligere forslag foreligger for fremstilling av sterkt stereoregulære polymerer eller kopolymerer ved bruk av en fast kompleks titan-komponent som inneholder magnesium, titan og halogen, fortrinnsvis behandlet med en elektrondonator, som en titankatalysatorkomponent i en katalysator for polymerisasjon eller kopolymerisasjon av a-olefiner som inneholder minst 3 karbonatomer (f.eks. DE-Off. skrift nr. 2.153.520, 2.230.672 og 2.553.104). Many prior proposals exist for the preparation of highly stereoregular polymers or copolymers using a solid complex titanium component containing magnesium, titanium and halogen, preferably treated with an electron donor, as a titanium catalyst component in a catalyst for polymerization or copolymerization of α-olefins which contains at least 3 carbon atoms (e.g. DE-Off. document no. 2.153.520, 2.230.672 and 2.553.104).
Disse tidligere forslag angir kombinasjoner av spesifikke katalysator-dannende komponenter og fremstilling derav som essensielle betingelser. Som det er kjent varierer karakte-ristikka for katalysatorer som inneholder en fast kompleks titan-komponent av denne type sterkt med forskjellen i kombinasjonen av de overfor nevnte katalysatordannende komponenter, kombinasjonene av de katalysatordannende fremgangsmåter og kombinasjonen av disse betingelsene. Når katalysa-tordanennede komponenter og/eller fremstilling derav, som er nødvendig i en gitt kombinasjon av betingelser, anvendes ved en forskjellig kombinasjon av betingelser, er det fullstendig umulig å forutsi om lignende resultater vil kunne oppnås. These earlier proposals indicate combinations of specific catalyst-forming components and preparation thereof as essential conditions. As is known, the characteristics of catalysts containing a solid complex titanium component of this type vary greatly with the difference in the combination of the above-mentioned catalyst-forming components, the combinations of the catalyst-forming methods and the combination of these conditions. When catalytic components and/or preparation thereof, which are necessary in a given combination of conditions, are used in a different combination of conditions, it is completely impossible to predict whether similar results will be achieved.
Forannevnte faste komplekse titan-komponent som inneholder magnesium, titan og halogen er ingen unntakelse. Hvis det ved polymerisasjonen eller kopolymerisasjonen av a-olefiner som inneholder minst 3 karbonatomer i nærvær av hydrogen under anvendelse, av en katalysator bestående av forannevnte titan-komponent og en organometallisk forbindelse av et me-tall fra grupper I til IV i det periodiske system, eller en katalysator bestående av en titan-triklorid-komponent er-holdtved reduksjon av titantetraklorid med metallisk aluminium, hydrogen eller en organoaluminiumforbindelse, også anvendes en donator som er kjent for å ha en virkning på inhiberingen av dannelsen av en amorf polymer, varierer virk-ningen uforutsebart avhengig av den anvendte donator. The aforementioned fixed complex titanium component containing magnesium, titanium and halogen is no exception. If, in the polymerization or copolymerization of α-olefins containing at least 3 carbon atoms in the presence of hydrogen, using a catalyst consisting of the aforementioned titanium component and an organometallic compound of a metal number from groups I to IV in the periodic table, or a catalyst consisting of a titanium trichloride component is kept by reducing titanium tetrachloride with metallic aluminum, hydrogen or an organoaluminum compound, a donor is also used which is known to have an effect on the inhibition of the formation of an amorphous polymer, the effect varies ning unpredictably depending on the donor used.
Det er i lengere tid forsøkt å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte som kan gis sterkt stereoregulære polymerer i høye utbytter og på fordelaktig måte overvinne vanskelighetene ved dannelse av en amorf polymer. Dette oppnås med foreliggende fremgangsmåte som er særpreget ved det som er angitt i krav l's karakteriserende del. Den anvendte katalysator i fremgangsmåten i foreliggende oppfinnelse består av Attempts have been made for a long time to provide a method which can give highly stereoregular polymers in high yields and advantageously overcome the difficulties of forming an amorphous polymer. This is achieved with the present method, which is characterized by what is stated in claim 1's characterizing part. The catalyst used in the method in the present invention consists of
(a) en fast kompleks titankomponent som inneholder magnesium, titan og halogen, (b) en organoaluminiumf orbindelse som angitt i krav i\' s ingress og er særpreget ved at den inneholder (c) en organisk syreanhydridkomponent, slik som angitt i krav 4's karakteriserende del. (a) a solid complex titanium component containing magnesium, titanium and halogen, (b) an organoaluminium compound as set forth in claim 1's preamble and characterized in that it contains (c) an organic acid anhydride component as set forth in claim 4's characterizing part.
Det faste kompleks titankomponenten (a) er et fast kompleks som har et halogen/titan molart forhold på mer enn 4 og i det vesentlige ikke tillater frigjøring av en titanforbindelse ved vask med heksan ved romtemperatur. Den kjemiske struktur til dette faste kompleks er ikke kjent, men det an-tas at magnesiumatomet og titanatomer er fast bundet med f. eks. et halogen i fellesskap. Det faste kompleks kan, avhengig av fremstillingsmetoden, inneholde andre metallato-mer som aluminium, silisium, tinn, bor, germanium, kalsium og sink, elektron-avgivere eller organiske grupper som kan regnes dertil. Det kan videre inneholde et organisk eller uorganisk inert fortynningsmiddel som LiCl, CaCO^, BaC^, NaC03, SrCl3, ^ 2°3' Na2S04' A12°3' si<0>2' Ti<0>2' NaB4°7' Ca3(P04)2, CaS04, A12(S04)3, CaCl2, ZnCl2, polyetylen, polypropylen og polystyren. Fortrinnsvis er det faste organiske kompleks et som er behandlet med en elektrondonator. Det faste kompleks av titankomponenten (a) har et molarforhold halogen/titan over 4, fortrinnsvis rundt minst 5-, helst minst 8, og magnesium/titan molarforholdet er minst 3, fortrinnsvis ved 5 til 50, og elektrondonator/titan molarforholdet er rundt 0,2 til 6, fortrinnsvis rundt 0,4 til 3, særlig rundt 0,8 til 2. Videre er det spesifikke overflateare-alet av det faste stoff minst 3 m 2 pr. g, fortrinnsvis The solid complex titanium component (a) is a solid complex having a halogen/titanium molar ratio of more than 4 and essentially does not allow liberation of a titanium compound by washing with hexane at room temperature. The chemical structure of this solid complex is not known, but it is assumed that the magnesium atom and titanium atoms are firmly bound with e.g. a halogen in common. The solid complex may, depending on the production method, contain other metal atoms such as aluminium, silicon, tin, boron, germanium, calcium and zinc, electron donors or organic groups that can be counted there. It may further contain an organic or inorganic inert diluent such as LiCl, CaCO^, BaC^, NaC03, SrCl3, ^ 2°3' Na2S04' A12°3' si<0>2' Ti<0>2' NaB4°7' Ca3(P04)2, CaS04, A12(S04)3, CaCl2, ZnCl2, polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene. Preferably, the solid organic complex is one that has been treated with an electron donor. The solid complex of the titanium component (a) has a halogen/titanium molar ratio above 4, preferably around at least 5, preferably at least 8, and the magnesium/titanium molar ratio is at least 3, preferably at 5 to 50, and the electron donor/titanium molar ratio is around 0 .2 to 6, preferably around 0.4 to 3, especially around 0.8 to 2. Furthermore, the specific surface area of the solid substance is at least 3 m 2 per g, preferably
2 2 2 2
minst ca. 40 m pr. g, og særlig minst 100 m pr. g. Det er også ønskelig at røntgenspekteret til det faste kompleks (a) utviser amorf karakter uansett utgangsmagnesiumforbindel-den, eller det er i en mer amorf tilstand enn vanlig kommersielt tilgjengelig grader av magensiumdihalogenid. at least approx. 40 m per g, and in particular at least 100 m per g. It is also desirable that the X-ray spectrum of the solid complex (a) exhibits an amorphous character regardless of the starting magnesium compound, or that it is in a more amorphous state than the usual commercially available grades of magnesium dihalide.
Den faste komplekse titankomponent (a) fremstilles slik som angitt i krav l's ingress. Forskjellige forslag er kjent for fremstillingen av en slik komponent (a) og kan brukes i denne oppfinnelse. Noen slike forslag foreligger i DE-Off.-skrif-ter nr. 2.230.672, 2.504.036, 2.553.104 og 2.605.922 og japanske Off.-skrifter nr. 28189/76, 127185/76, 136625/76 The solid complex titanium component (a) is prepared as stated in claim 1's preamble. Various proposals are known for the production of such a component (a) and can be used in this invention. Some such proposals are available in DE-Off. documents no. 2,230,672, 2,504,036, 2,553,104 and 2,605,922 and Japanese official documents no. 28189/76, 127185/76, 136625/76
og 87486/77. and 87486/77.
Typiske fremgangsmåter angitt i disse dokumenter er omsetningen av minst en magnesiumforbindelse feller metallisk magnesium), en elektrondonator og en titanforbindelse. Typical methods indicated in these documents are the conversion of at least one magnesium compound (precipitating metallic magnesium), an electron donor and a titanium compound.
Eksempler på elektrondonatoren er oksygenholdige elektrondonatorer, som vann, alkoholer, fenoler, ketoner, aldehyder, karboksylsyrer, estere, etere og syreamider, og nitrogen-holdige elektrondonatorer som ammoniakk, aminer, nitriler og isocyanater. Examples of the electron donor are oxygen-containing electron donors, such as water, alcohols, phenols, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, esters, ethers and acid amides, and nitrogen-containing electron donors such as ammonia, amines, nitriles and isocyanates.
Spesifikke eksempler på slike elektrondonatorer omfatter alkoholer som inneholder 1 til 8 karbonatomer slik som metanol, etanol, propanol, pentanol, heksanol, oktanol, dodekanol, oktadecylalkohol, benzylalkohol, fenyletylalkohol, cumyl-alkohol og isopropylbenzylalkohol; fenoler som inneholder 6 til 15 karbonatomer som kan inneholde en lavere alkylgruppe slik som fenol, kresol, xylenol, etylfenyl, prolylfenol, cumylfenyl og naftol; ketoner som inneholder 3 til 15 kar- - bonatomer som aceton, metyletylketon, metylisobutylketon, acetofenon og benzofenon; aldehyder som inneholder 2 til 15 karbonatomer som acetaldehyd, propionaldehyd, oktylaldehyd, benzaldehyd, tolualdehyd og naftoaldehyd; organiske syreestere som inneholder 2 til 18 karbonatomer som metylformat, metylacetat, etylacetat, vinylacetat, propylacetat, oktyl-acetat, cykloheksylacetat, etylpropionat, metylbutyrat, etyl-valerat, metylkloroacetat, etyldikloracetat, metyMetakry-lat, etylkrotonat, etylcykloheksankarboksylat, metylbenzoat, etylbenzoat, propylbenzoat, butylbenzoat, oktylbenzoat, cy-kloheksylbenzoat, fenylbenzoat, benzylbenzoat, metyltoluat, etyltoluat, amyltoluat, etyletylbenzoat, metylanisat, etyl-anisat, etyletoksybenzoat, y-butyrolakton, <5-valerolakton, kumarin, ftalid og etylenkarbonat; syrehalogenider som inneholder 2 til 15 karbonatomer som acetylklorid, benzylklorid, toluensyreklorid og anissyreklorid; eter som inneholder 2 Specific examples of such electron donors include alcohols containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, pentanol, hexanol, octanol, dodecanol, octadecyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, phenylethyl alcohol, cumyl alcohol and isopropyl benzyl alcohol; phenols containing 6 to 15 carbon atoms which may contain a lower alkyl group such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, ethylphenyl, prolylphenol, cumylphenyl and naphthol; ketones containing 3 to 15 carbon atoms such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetophenone and benzophenone; aldehydes containing 2 to 15 carbon atoms such as acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, octylaldehyde, benzaldehyde, tolualdehyde and naphtholaldehyde; organic acid esters containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms such as methyl formate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, vinyl acetate, propyl acetate, octyl acetate, cyclohexyl acetate, ethyl propionate, methyl butyrate, ethyl valerate, methyl chloroacetate, ethyl dichloroacetate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl crotonate, ethyl cyclohexanecarboxylate, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate . acid halides containing 2 to 15 carbon atoms such as acetyl chloride, benzyl chloride, toluene chloride and anisic chloride; ether containing 2
til 20 karbonatomer som metyleter, etyleter, isopropyleter, butyleter, amyleter, tetrahydrofuran, anisol og difenyleter; syreamider som acetamid, benzamid og toluamidj aminer som metylamin, etylamin, dietylamin, tributylamin, piperidin, tribenzylamin, to 20 carbon atoms such as methyl ether, ethyl ether, isopropyl ether, butyl ether, amyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, anisole and diphenyl ether; acid amides such as acetamide, benzamide and toluamide amines such as methylamine, ethylamine, diethylamine, tributylamine, piperidine, tribenzylamine,
anilin, pyridin, pikolin og tetrametyletylendiamin; nitriler som acetonitril, benzonitril og tolunitril; og forbindelser av aluminium, silisium, tinn etc. som inneholder de forannevnte funksjonelle grupper i molekylet. Disse elektrondona-torene kan anvendes som en blanding av to eller fler. aniline, pyridine, picoline and tetramethylethylenediamine; nitriles such as acetonitrile, benzonitrile and tolunitrile; and compounds of aluminium, silicon, tin etc. which contain the aforementioned functional groups in the molecule. These electron donors can be used as a mixture of two or more.
Egnede magnesiumforbindelser som brukes for dannelsen av det faste komplekset titanforbindelsen (a) er slike som inneholder halogen og/eller organiske grupper. Spesifikke eksempler på slike magnesiumforbindelser omfatter magnesiumdihalogenider, magnesiumalkoksyhalogenider, magnesiumaryloskyhalogenider, magnesiumhydroksyhalogenider, magnesiumdialkoksyder, magnesium-diaryloksyder, magnesiumalkoksyaryloksyer, magnsiumakryloksy-halogenider, magnesiumalkylhalogenider, magnesiumarylhalo-genider, magnesiumdialkylforbindelser, magnesiumdiarylfor-bindelser og magnesiumalkylalkoksyder. De kan foreligge i form av addukter med de forannevnte elektrondonatorer. Eller de kan være dobbelte forbindelser som inneholder andre metaller som aluminium, tinn,silisium, germanium, sink eller bor. F.eks. kan de være dobbeltforbindelser av halogenider, alkylfor-bindelser, alkoksyhalogenider, aryloksyhalogenider, alkoksyder og aryloksyder av metaller som aluminium og de ovenfor angitte magnesiumforbindelser. Eller de kan være dobbeltforbindelser hvori fosfor eller bor er bundet til magnesiummetall gjennom oksygen. Disse magnesiumforbindelsene kan være en blanding av to eller fler. Vanlig kan de ovenfor anførte forbindelser uttrykkes ved enkle kjemiske formler, men noen ganger kan de ifølge metoden for fremstilling av magnesiumforbindelsen ikke uttrykkes ved enkle formler. De betraktes normalt som blandinger av de forannevnte forbindelsene. F.eks. blir forbindelser som erholdes ved en metode som består av å omsette magnesiummetall med en alkohol eller fenol i nærvær av et halogensilan, fosforoksyklorid eller tionylklorid, og en metode som består av å pyrolysere Grignard-reagenser eller splitte dem med forbindelser med en hydroksylgruppe, en kar-bonylgruppe, en esterbinding, en eterbinding eller liknende, bestraktet som blandinger av forskjellige forbindelser ifølge reagensmengdene eller reaksjongraden. Disse blandinger kan selvfølgelig brukes i foreliggende oppfinnelse. Suitable magnesium compounds used for the formation of the solid complex titanium compound (a) are those which contain halogen and/or organic groups. Specific examples of such magnesium compounds include magnesium dihalides, magnesium alkoxyhalides, magnesium arylalkyl halides, magnesium hydroxyhalides, magnesium dialkoxides, magnesium diaryloxides, magnesium alkoxyaryloxides, magnesium acryloxyhalides, magnesium alkylhalides, magnesium arylhalides, magnesium dialkyl compounds, magnesium diaryl compounds and magnesium alkylalkoxides. They can exist in the form of adducts with the aforementioned electron donors. Or they can be double compounds containing other metals such as aluminium, tin, silicon, germanium, zinc or boron. E.g. they can be double compounds of halides, alkyl compounds, alkoxy halides, aryloxy halides, alkoxides and aryloxides of metals such as aluminum and the above-mentioned magnesium compounds. Or they can be double compounds in which phosphorus or boron is bonded to magnesium metal through oxygen. These magnesium compounds can be a mixture of two or more. Usually, the compounds listed above can be expressed by simple chemical formulas, but sometimes, according to the method of producing the magnesium compound, they cannot be expressed by simple formulas. They are normally regarded as mixtures of the aforementioned compounds. E.g. are compounds obtained by a method consisting of reacting magnesium metal with an alcohol or phenol in the presence of a halosilane, phosphorus oxychloride or thionyl chloride, and a method consisting of pyrolyzing Grignard reagents or cleaving them with compounds having a hydroxyl group, a vessel -bonyl group, an ester bond, an ether bond or the like, regarded as mixtures of different compounds according to the amounts of reagents or the degree of reaction. These mixtures can of course be used in the present invention.
Forskjellige metoder for å fremstille magnesiumforbindelsene Different methods for preparing the magnesium compounds
som er anført ovenfor er kjente, og produkter fra hvilken som helst av disse metodene kan brukes i denne oppfinnelsen. Også kan magnesiumforbindelsen før bruk behandles, f.eks. ved en metode som består av å oppløse den alene eller sammen med en annen metallforbindelse i eter eller aceton, og så fordampe løsningsmiddelet eller bringe løsningen i et inert løsnings-middel og derved fraskille det faste stoff. En metode kan også anvendes som omfatter mekanisk for-pulverisering av minst en magnesiumforbindelse med eller uten en annen metallforbindelse. listed above are known, and products from any of these methods can be used in this invention. The magnesium compound can also be treated before use, e.g. by a method which consists of dissolving it alone or together with another metal compound in ether or acetone, and then evaporating the solvent or bringing the solution into an inert solvent and thereby separating the solid substance. A method can also be used which comprises mechanical pre-pulverization of at least one magnesium compound with or without another metal compound.
Foretrukket blant disse magnesiumforbindelsene er magnesium-dihaldgenider, aryloksyhalogenider og aryloksyer, og dobbelt forbindelser av disse med aluminium, silikon etc. Særlig er Preferred among these magnesium compounds are magnesium dihalide, aryloxy halides and aryloxys, and double compounds of these with aluminium, silicon etc. In particular,
de MgCl2, MgBr2, Mgl2, MgF2, MgCKOCgHg), Mg (OCgH5) 2, MgCl (OCgH4-2-CH3), Mg(OC6H4-2-CH3)2, (MgCl2)x(Al(OR)nCl3_n)y og (MgCl2)x- de MgCl2, MgBr2, Mgl2, MgF2, MgCKOCgHg), Mg (OCgH5) 2, MgCl (OCgH4-2-CH3), Mg(OC6H4-2-CH3)2, (MgCl2)x(Al(OR)nCl3_n)y and (MgCl2)x-
(Si(OR)mCl4_m) . I disse formlene er R en hydrokarbongruppe (Si(OR)mCl4_m) . In these formulas, R is a hydrocarbon group
som en alkyl éller arylgruppe, m eller n R-grupper er like eller forskjellige, 0 - n 3, 0 ^ m ^ 4 , og x og y er positive tall. MgCl2 og komplekser derav eller dobbeltf orbindelser er særlig forstrukne. as an alkyl or aryl group, m or n R groups are the same or different, 0 - n 3, 0 ^ m ^ 4 , and x and y are positive numbers. MgCl2 and its complexes or double compounds are particularly strained.
Titanforbindelser ved bruk for dannelsen av den faste Titanium compounds when used for the formation of the solid
komplekse titanforbindelsen (a) er firverdig titanforbindelser med formelen Ti(OR)gX4_g hvor R er en hydrokarbongruppe, fortrinnsvis en alkylgruppe som inneholder 1-6 karbonatomer, X complex titanium compound (a) are tetravalent titanium compounds with the formula Ti(OR)gX4_g where R is a hydrocarbon group, preferably an alkyl group containing 1-6 carbon atoms, X
er et halogenatom og 0 g 4. Eksempler på titanforbindelser er titantetrahalogenider som TiCl4, TiBr4 eller Til4; alkoksy-titantrihalogenider som Ti(OCH3)Cl3, Ti(O<C>25)C13, Ti(0 n-C4Hg)' Cl3, Ti(OC2H5)Br3 og Ti(0 iso-C4Hg)Br3; alkoksytitandihalogenider som Ti(OCH3)2Cl2, Ti (OC2H5) 2C12 , Ti (0 n-C4Hg)2-Cl2 og Ti (OC^) 2Br2 ; trialkoksytitan-monohalogenider som Ti(OCH3)3C1, Ti(OC2H5)3Cl, is a halogen atom and 0 g 4. Examples of titanium compounds are titanium tetrahalides such as TiCl4, TiBr4 or Til4; alkoxy titanium trihalides such as Ti(OCH3)Cl3, Ti(O<C>25)C13, Ti(0 n-C4Hg)' Cl3, Ti(OC2H5)Br3 and Ti(0 iso-C4Hg)Br3; alkoxytitanium dihalides such as Ti(OCH3)2Cl2, Ti(OC2H5)2C12, Ti(0n-C4Hg)2-Cl2 and Ti(OC2)2Br2; trimethoxytitanium monohalides such as Ti(OCH3)3C1, Ti(OC2H5)3Cl,
Ti(0 n-C4Hg)3Cl og Ti (OC2H,-) 3 * Br; og tetraalkoksytitan som Ti(OCH3)4 , Ti(OC2H5)4 og Ti(0 n-C4Hg)4. Blant disse er titan-tetrahalogenidene foretrukne, og særlig foretruket er titantetraklorid. Ti(0 n-C4Hg)3Cl and Ti(OC2H,-) 3 * Br; and tetraalkoxytitanium such as Ti(OCH3)4, Ti(OC2H5)4 and Ti(0 n-C4Hg)4. Among these, the titanium tetrahalides are preferred, and titanium tetrachloride is particularly preferred.
Fortrinnsvis blir den faste komplekse titanforbindelsen (a) for-behandlet med en elektrondonator. Eksempler på elektrondonatorer er estere, etere, ketoner, tertiæraminer, syrehalogenider og syreanhydrider som ikke inneholder aktive hydrogener. Organiske syre estere ogetere er særlig foretrukne, og mest foretrukne er aromatiske karboksylsyreestere og alkylholdige etere. Typiske eksempler på egnede aromatiske karboksylsyreestere omfatter lavere alkylestere som lavere alkylestere av benzosyre og lavere alkylestere av av alkoksybenzosyre. Preferably, the solid complex titanium compound (a) is pre-treated with an electron donor. Examples of electron donors are esters, ethers, ketones, tertiary amines, acid halides and acid anhydrides that do not contain active hydrogens. Organic acid esters and ethers are particularly preferred, and most preferred are aromatic carboxylic acid esters and alkyl-containing ethers. Typical examples of suitable aromatic carboxylic acid esters include lower alkyl esters such as lower alkyl esters of benzoic acid and lower alkyl esters of carboxybenzoic acid.
Uttrykket "lavere" betyr 1 til 4 karbonatomer. Sådanne med The term "lower" means 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Such with
1 eller 2 karbonatomer er særlig foretrukne. Passende alkylholdige etere er sådanne som inneholder 4 til 20 karbonatomer slik som diisoamyleter og dibutyleter. 1 or 2 carbon atoms are particularly preferred. Suitable alkyl-containing ethers are those containing 4 to 20 carbon atoms such as diisoamyl ether and dibutyl ether.
Det er forskjellige eksempler på omsetning av magnesiumforbindelsen, elektrondonatoren og titanforbindelsen som er beskrevet nedenunder. There are various examples of the reaction of the magnesium compound, the electron donor and the titanium compound which are described below.
Normalt blir magnesiumforbindelsen omsatt med elektrondonatoren i et inert løsningsmiddel, eller magnesiumforbindelsen blir oppløst eller oppslemmet i den flytende elektrondonator for omsetning. Det er mulig å anvende en utførelses-form hvori magnesiummetall anvendes som utgangsmateriale og omsettes med elektrondonatoren under dannelse av en mag-nesiumf orbindelse . Normally, the magnesium compound is reacted with the electron donor in an inert solvent, or the magnesium compound is dissolved or slurried in the liquid electron donor for reaction. It is possible to use an embodiment in which magnesium metal is used as starting material and reacts with the electron donor to form a magnesium compound.
Ilengden elektrondonator som brukes er fortrinnsvis 0,01 til 10 mol, særlig foretrukket 0,05 til 6 mol pr. mol magnesiumforbindelse. Reaksjonen forløper tilstrekkelig ved en reak-sjons temperatur på fra romtemperatur til ca. 200°C i 5 minutter til ca. 5 timer. Etter omsetning blir reaksjonsblandingen filtrert og inndampet og vasket med et inert løs-ningsmiddel for å isolere produktet. Omsetningen av reaksjonsproduktet med titanforbindelsen kan utføres ved å røre reaksjonsproduktet i minst ca. 0,05 mol, fortrinnsvis 0,1 til 50 mol( pr. mol magnesiumforbindelse av en flytende titanforbindelse med eller uten bruk av inert løsningsmiddel. Reaksjonstemperaturen er fra romtemperatur til ca. 200°C, og reaksjonstiden er fra 5 minutter til ca. 5 timer. Reaksjonen kan selvfølgelig utføres under betingelser utenfor disse spesifikerte områder. Etter reaksjonen blir reaksjonsblandingen varmefiltrert ved en høy temperatur på f.eks. 60 til 150°C for å isolere produktet som så blir grundig vasket med et inert løsningsmiddel. The length of electron donor used is preferably 0.01 to 10 mol, particularly preferably 0.05 to 6 mol per moles of magnesium compound. The reaction proceeds sufficiently at a reaction temperature of from room temperature to approx. 200°C for 5 minutes to approx. 5 hours. After reaction, the reaction mixture is filtered and evaporated and washed with an inert solvent to isolate the product. The reaction of the reaction product with the titanium compound can be carried out by stirring the reaction product for at least approx. 0.05 mol, preferably 0.1 to 50 mol( per mol magnesium compound of a liquid titanium compound with or without the use of an inert solvent. The reaction temperature is from room temperature to about 200°C, and the reaction time is from 5 minutes to about 5 hours. The reaction can of course be carried out under conditions outside these specified ranges. After the reaction, the reaction mixture is heat-filtered at a high temperature of eg 60 to 150°C to isolate the product which is then thoroughly washed with an inert solvent.
Eksempler på organoaluminiumforbindelser som kan brukes er trialkylaluminiumforbindelser, dialkylaluminiumhydrider, dialkylaluminiumhalogenider, alkylaluminiumseskvihalogeni-der, alkylaluminiumdihalogenider, dialkylaluminiumalkoksyder eller fenoksyder, alkylaluminiumalkoksyhalogenider eller fenoksyhalogenider eller blandinger av disse. Blant disse er dialkylaluminiumhalogenidene, alkylaluminiumses-kvihalogenidene, alkylaluminiumdihalogenider og blandinger av disse foretrukne. Spesifikke eksempler på disse omfatter trietylalumihium, triisobutylaluminium, dietylaluminiumhydrid, dibutylaluminiumhydrid, dietylaluminiumklorid, diisobutyl-aluminiumbromid, etylaluminiumseskviklorid, dietylaluminium-etoksyd, etylaluminiumetoksyklorid, etylaluminiumdiklorid og butylaluminiumdiklorid. Examples of organoaluminum compounds that can be used are trialkylaluminum compounds, dialkylaluminum hydrides, dialkylaluminum halides, alkylaluminum sesquihalides, alkylaluminum dihalides, dialkylaluminum alkoxides or phenoxides, alkylaluminum alkoxyhalides or phenoxyhalides or mixtures thereof. Among these, the dialkylaluminum halides, alkylaluminum sesquihalides, alkylaluminum dihalides and mixtures thereof are preferred. Specific examples of these include triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, diethylaluminum hydride, dibutylaluminum hydride, diethylaluminum chloride, diisobutylaluminum bromide, ethylaluminum sesquichloride, diethylaluminum ethoxide, ethylaluminum ethoxychloride, ethylaluminum dichloride and butylaluminum dichloride.
Eksempler på forbindelsen (b) er organoaluminiumforbindel-sene trialkyl- eller trialkenyl-aluminiumforbindelser som A1(C2H5)3, A<1>(CH3)3, A1(C3H7)3, A1(C4H9)3 og A1(C12H25)3; alkylaluminiumforbindelser med en slik struktur at mange aluminiumatomer er forbundet jennom oksygen- eller nitro-genatomer som (<C>2H5)2A10A1(C2H5)0, (C4Hg)2A10A1(C4Hg)2 og (C2H5)2A1N 1(C2H5)2; dialkylaluminiunhydrider som (C2H5)2A1h' Examples of the compound (b) are the organoaluminum compounds trialkyl or trialkenyl aluminum compounds such as A1(C2H5)3, A<1>(CH3)3, A1(C3H7)3, A1(C4H9)3 and A1(C12H25)3; alkyl aluminum compounds with such a structure that many aluminum atoms are connected through oxygen or nitrogen atoms such as (<C>2H5)2A10A1(C2H5)0, (C4Hg)2A10A1(C4Hg)2 and (C2H5)2A1N 1(C2H5)2; dialkyl aluminum anhydrides such as (C2H5)2A1h'
<4>6<H>5<4>6<H>5
eller (C4Hg)2AlH; dialkylaluminixmnhalo gen ider som (C2H5)0A1C1, (C2H5)2A1I eller (C4Hg)2AlCl; og dialkylaluminiumalkoksyder eller fenoksyder som (C2H5) 2A1 (OC2H5) og (C9Hr) ,,A1 (OCgH5) . Blant disse er trialkylaluminiumforbindelsene særlig foretrukne. or (C4Hg)2AlH; dialkylaluminixmnhalogenides such as (C2H5)0AlCl, (C2H5)2AlI or (C4Hg)2AlCl; and dialkyl aluminum alkoxides or phenoxides such as (C 2 H 5 ) 2 A 1 (OC 2 H 5 ) and (C 9 Hr ) ,,A 1 (OCgH 5 ). Among these, the trialkyl aluminum compounds are particularly preferred.
Eksempler på det organiske syreanhydrid (c) omfatter alifatiske monokarboksylsyreanhydrider som inneholder 2 til 18 karbonatomer som eddiksyreanhydrid, propionanhydrid, n-smørsyreanhydrid, iso-sm<z>rsyreanhydrid, monokloreddiksyre-anhydrid, trifluoreddiksyreanhydrid, kapronsyreanhydrid, laurinsyreanhydrid og stearinsyreanhydrid; alifatiske karboksylsyreanhydrider som inneholder 4 til 22 karbonatomer som ravsyreanhydrid, maleinsyreanhydrid, glutarsyreanhydrid, sitrakonsyreanhydrid, itakonsyreanhydrid, metylravsyrean-hydrid, dimetylravsyreanhydrid, etylravsyreanhydrid, butyl-ravsyreanhydrid,oktylravsyreanhydrid, stearylravsyreanhydrid, og metylglutarsyreanhydrid, alicykliske karbonsylsyreanhy-drider som inneholder 8 til 10 karbonatomer som bicyklo-(2.2.1)hepten-2,3-dikarboksylsyreanhydrid eller metylbicy-klo(2.2.1)-hepten-2,3-dikarboksylsyreanhydrid; og anhydri-der av aromatiske karboksylsyrer som inneholder 9 til 15 karbonatomer som acetobenzosyreanhydrid, acetotoluensyrean-hydrid, benzosyreanhydrid, toluensyreanhydrid, ftalsyreanhydrid og trimelittsyreanhydrid. Examples of the organic acid anhydride (c) include aliphatic monocarboxylic anhydrides containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms such as acetic anhydride, propionic anhydride, n-butyric anhydride, isobutyric anhydride, monochloroacetic anhydride, trifluoroacetic anhydride, caproic anhydride, lauric anhydride and stearic anhydride; aliphatic carboxylic anhydrides containing 4 to 22 carbon atoms such as succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, citraconic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, methylsuccinic anhydride, dimethylsuccinic anhydride, ethylsuccinic anhydride, butylsuccinic anhydride, octylsuccinic anhydride, stearylsuccinic anhydride, and methylglutaric anhydride containing 8 to 10 carbon atoms, alicyclic carboxylic anhydrides -(2.2.1)heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride or methylbicyclo(2.2.1)-heptene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride; and anhydrides of aromatic carboxylic acids containing 9 to 15 carbon atoms such as acetobenzoic anhydride, acetotoluene anhydride, benzoic anhydride, toluene anhydride, phthalic anhydride and trimellitic anhydride.
Blant disse er aromatiske karboksylsyreanhydrider foretrukne. De alifatiske monokarboksylsyreanhydrider foretrekkes der-for selv om de har tendens til å gi noe lavere polymerisa- Among these, aromatic carboxylic anhydrides are preferred. The aliphatic monocarboxylic acid anhydrides are preferred there, because even though they tend to give somewhat lower polymerization
sjonsaktivitet. Disse syreanhydridene kan også brukes som elektrondonatoren i fremstillingen av den faste komplekse titankomponent (a). tion activity. These acid anhydrides can also be used as the electron donor in the preparation of the solid complex titanium component (a).
Disse syreanhydridene kan brukes som addisjonsreaksjonspro-dukter eller substitusjonsreaksjonsprodukter med organometallisk forbindelse (b). Den foretrukne metode for bruk av syreanhydrider er å belaste polymerisasjonssystemet med en olefinisk monomer, tilsette syreanhydridet og den organometalliske forbindelse (b), og så tilsette titankatalysator-komponenten (kompleks) (a). Det er mulig å bringe syreanhydrid i kontakt med den organometalliske forbindelse utenfor polymerisasjonssystemet og så tilføre dem polymerisasjonssystemet. These acid anhydrides can be used as addition reaction products or substitution reaction products with organometallic compound (b). The preferred method of using acid anhydrides is to charge the polymerization system with an olefinic monomer, add the acid anhydride and the organometallic compound (b), and then add the titanium catalyst component (complex) (a). It is possible to bring acid anhydride into contact with the organometallic compound outside the polymerization system and then feed them into the polymerization system.
Polymerisasjonen utføres enten i flytende eller dampfase. Når den utføres i flytende fase, kan et inert løsningsmid-del som heksan, heptan eller kerosen brukes som reaksjonsmedium, men olefinet selv kan også tjene som reaksjonsmedium. Itilfelle av flytende fase polymerisasjon er konsentrasjonen for den faste komplekse titankomponent (a) i polymeri-sas jonssystemet 0,001 til 5 millimol fortrinnsvis 0,001 The polymerization is carried out either in liquid or vapor phase. When carried out in the liquid phase, an inert solvent such as hexane, heptane or kerosene can be used as the reaction medium, but the olefin itself can also serve as the reaction medium. In the case of liquid phase polymerization, the concentration of the solid complex titanium component (a) in the polymerization system is 0.001 to 5 millimoles, preferably 0.001
til 0,5 millimol titanatom pr. liter løsningsmiddel og konsentrasjonen av organometallisk forbindelse er 0,1 til 50 millimol metallatom pr. liter løsningsmiddel. I tilfelle av dampfase polymerisasjon blir den faste titankatalysatorkomponent (a) brukt i en mengde på 0,001 til 5 millimol, fortrinnsvis 0,001 til 1,0 millimol pr. liter polymerisasjonssone, særlig foretrukket 0,01 til 0,5 millimol pr. liter polymerisasjonssone beregnet som titanatom. Den organometalliske forbindelse (b) brukes i en mengde på 0,01 to 0.5 millimoles of titanium atoms per liter of solvent and the concentration of organometallic compound is 0.1 to 50 millimoles of metal atom per liters of solvent. In the case of vapor phase polymerization, the solid titanium catalyst component (a) is used in an amount of 0.001 to 5 millimoles, preferably 0.001 to 1.0 millimoles per liter of polymerization zone, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.5 millimol per liter of polymerization zone calculated as titanium atom. The organometallic compound (b) is used in an amount of 0.01
til 50 millimol pr. liter polymerisasjonssone beregnet som metallisk atom. to 50 millimoles per liter of polymerization zone calculated as metallic atom.
Forholdet av organometallisk komponent (b) til fast kompleks titankomponent (a) kan være sådan at forholdet av metallisk atom i komponenten (b) til titanatom i komponent (a) The ratio of organometallic component (b) to solid complex titanium component (a) can be such that the ratio of metallic atom in component (b) to titanium atom in component (a)
er fortrinnsvis 1:1 til 1000:1, fortrinnsvis 1:1 til 200:1. is preferably 1:1 to 1000:1, preferably 1:1 to 200:1.
Mengde av syreanhydridkomponent (c) er fortrinnsvis 0,001 til 1 mol, særlig foretrukket 0,01 til 1 mol pr. metallatom organoaluminiumforbindelse (b). Amount of acid anhydride component (c) is preferably 0.001 to 1 mol, particularly preferably 0.01 to 1 mol per metal atom organoaluminum compound (b).
Polymerisasjonsreaksjoner av a-olefiner i nærvær av katalysatoren ifølge denne oppfinnelse kan utføres på samme måte Polymerization reactions of α-olefins in the presence of the catalyst according to this invention can be carried out in the same way
som i polymerisasjonen av olefiner med vanlig Ziegler-type katalysatorer. Spesifikt utføres reaksjonen i det vesentlige i fravær av oksygen og vann. Når et egnet inert løsningsmid-del som en alifatisk hydrokarbon (f.eks. heksan, heptan eller kerosen) anvendes, blir katalysatoren og et olefin og eventuelt et diolefin brakt i en reaktor og polymerisasjonen utføres. Polymerisasjonstemperaturen er normalt fra 20 til 200°C, fortrinnsvis fra 50 til 150°C. Fortrinnsvis utføres polymerisasjonen ved høyere trykk, dvs. fra normalt atmosfæ-risk trykk til ca. 50 kg pr. cm 2, spesielt fra 2 til 20 kg pr. cm 2. Molekylvekten av polymeren kan justeres i en viss grad ved å endre polymerisasjonsbetingelsene slik som poly-merisas jonstemperaturen og de molare forhold av katalysatoren, men tilsetningen av hydrogen til polymerisasjonssyste-mer er mest effektiv. as in the polymerization of olefins with common Ziegler-type catalysts. Specifically, the reaction is carried out essentially in the absence of oxygen and water. When a suitable inert solvent such as an aliphatic hydrocarbon (e.g. hexane, heptane or kerosene) is used, the catalyst and an olefin and possibly a diolefin are brought into a reactor and the polymerization is carried out. The polymerization temperature is normally from 20 to 200°C, preferably from 50 to 150°C. Preferably, the polymerization is carried out at higher pressure, i.e. from normal atmospheric pressure to approx. 50 kg per cm 2, especially from 2 to 20 kg per cm 2. The molecular weight of the polymer can be adjusted to a certain extent by changing the polymerization conditions such as the polymerization temperature and the molar ratio of the catalyst, but the addition of hydrogen to polymerization systems is most effective.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen gir sterkt stereoregulære polymerer med en lav smelteindeks i høye utbytter. The process according to the invention gives highly stereoregular polymers with a low melt index in high yields.
De følgende eksempler illustrerer oppfinnelsen i nærmere detalj. The following examples illustrate the invention in more detail.
EKSEMPEL 1 EXAMPLE 1
Vannfritt magnesiumklorid (20 g), 6,01 ml etylbenzoat og 3,0 ml metylpolysiloksan (viskositet 20 centistokes ved 20°C) ble fylt i en rustfri stål(SUS-32) kulemølle med et indre rom på 800 ml og en innvendig diameter på 100 mm og som inneholdte 2,8 kg rustfrie stål (SUS-32) kuler med en diameter på 15 mm i en nitrogenatmosfære. Disse materialene ble brakt i kontakt med hverandre i 24 timer under en pålagt akselerasjon på 7G. 10 gram av det resulterende faste produktet ble oppslemmet i 100 ml titantetraklorid og brakt i kontakt under røring ved 80°C i 2 timer. Det faste stoffet ble oppsamlet med filrering og tilstrekkelig vasket med renset heksan inntil ikke noe mer fritt titantetraklorid ble påvist i vaskevæsken. Det vaskede faste stoffet ble tørket for å gi en fast kompleks titankomponent (a) som inneholdt 3,0 vekt-% atomisk titan, 58,2 vekt-% kloridatomer, 18,0 vekt-% magnesium og 15,5 vekt-% etylbenzoat og hadde en spesifikk overflate på 180 m 2 pr. g. Anhydrous magnesium chloride (20 g), 6.01 ml of ethyl benzoate and 3.0 ml of methylpolysiloxane (viscosity 20 centistokes at 20°C) were charged into a stainless steel (SUS-32) ball mill with an inner chamber of 800 ml and an inner diameter of 100 mm and which contained 2.8 kg of stainless steel (SUS-32) balls with a diameter of 15 mm in a nitrogen atmosphere. These materials were brought into contact with each other for 24 hours under an imposed acceleration of 7G. 10 grams of the resulting solid product was slurried in 100 ml of titanium tetrachloride and contacted with stirring at 80°C for 2 hours. The solid was collected by filtration and sufficiently washed with purified hexane until no more free titanium tetrachloride was detected in the wash liquor. The washed solid was dried to give a solid complex titanium component (a) containing 3.0 wt% atomic titanium, 58.2 wt% chloride atoms, 18.0 wt% magnesium and 15.5 wt% ethyl benzoate and had a specific surface of 180 m 2 per g.
En 2-liters autoklav ble fylt med propylen og så ble 750 ml heksan som var fullstendig befridd for oksygen og fuktighet, 4,5 millimol trietylaluminium, 1,5 millimol ftalsyreanhydrid og 0,03 millimol beregnet som titanatom av komponenten (a) fylt i autoklaven. Autoklaven ble forseglet og så ble 250 ml hydrogen innført, og temperaturen ble øket. Når polymerisa-sjonssystemets temperatur steg til 60°C, ble propylen innført i autoklaven og polymerisasjonen derav ble startet ved et total-trykk på 8 kg pr. cm . Polymerisasjonen ble utført ved 60°C A 2-liter autoclave was filled with propylene and then 750 ml of hexane completely freed of oxygen and moisture, 4.5 millimoles of triethylaluminum, 1.5 millimoles of phthalic anhydride and 0.03 millimoles calculated as titanium atoms of component (a) were filled in the autoclave. The autoclave was sealed and then 250 ml of hydrogen was introduced and the temperature was increased. When the temperature of the polymerization system rose to 60°C, propylene was introduced into the autoclave and its polymerization was started at a total pressure of 8 kg per cm. The polymerization was carried out at 60°C
i 6 timer. Så ble innføringen av propylen stoppet og auto-klavens innhold ble kjølt til romtemperatur. Det resulterende faste stoff ble oppsamlet ved. filtrering og tørket og ga 335,7 g polypropylen som et hvitt pulver. Polymeren hadde en kokende n-heptanekstrasjonsrest på 94,9%, en tilsynelatende densitet på 0,31 g. pr. ml og en smelteindeks på. 2,7. Konsentrasjonen av væskeskiktet ga 13,4. g av en løsningsmiddel-løslig polymer. for 6 hours. Then the introduction of propylene was stopped and the contents of the autoclave were cooled to room temperature. The resulting solid was collected at filtration and dried to give 335.7 g of polypropylene as a white powder. The polymer had a boiling n-heptane extraction residue of 94.9%, an apparent density of 0.31 g per ml and a melt index of. 2.7. The concentration of the liquid layer gave 13.4. g of a solvent-soluble polymer.
EKSEMPEL 2 EXAMPLE 2
Kommersielt tilgjengelig vannfritt magnesiumklorid (9^5 g, Commercially available anhydrous magnesium chloride (9^5 g,
0,1 mol) ble oppslemmet i 0,3 liter kerosen, og ved romtemperatur ble 23,3 ml (0.4 mol) etanol og 14,3 ml (0.1 mol) etylbenzoat tilsatt. Blandingen ble rørt i en time. Så ble 24,2 0.1 mol) was suspended in 0.3 liters of kerosene, and at room temperature 23.3 ml (0.4 mol) of ethanol and 14.3 ml (0.1 mol) of ethyl benzoate were added. The mixture was stirred for one hour. Then it was 24.2
ml (0,2 mol) i dietylaluminiumklorid tilsatt dråpevis ved romtemperatur og rørt i en time. Den faste delen av reaksjonsproduktet ble oppsamlet, vasket fullstendig med kerosen og oppslemmet i 0,3 liter kerosen som innholdt 30 ml titantetraklorid. Reaksjonen ble gjennomført ved 80°C i 2 timer. Etter reaksjonen ble supernatantvæsken fjernet ved dekantering. Den faste delen ble fullstendig vasket med frisk kerosen og ga en fast kompleks titankomponent (a) som inneholde 3.5 vekt-% titanatom, 59,3 vekt-% kloratom, 19,3 vekt-% magnesiumatom og 14^7 vekt-% etylbenzoat og hadde en spesifikk overflate på 175 m pr. ml (0.2 mol) in diethyl aluminum chloride added dropwise at room temperature and stirred for one hour. The solid portion of the reaction product was collected, washed completely with kerosene and suspended in 0.3 liters of kerosene containing 30 ml of titanium tetrachloride. The reaction was carried out at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction, the supernatant liquid was removed by decantation. The solid portion was completely washed with fresh kerosene to give a solid complex titanium component (a) containing 3.5 wt% titanium atom, 59.3 wt% chlorine atom, 19.3 wt% magnesium atom and 14^7 wt% ethyl benzoate and had a specific surface of 175 m per
g- g-
Propylen ble polymerisert på samme måte som i eksempel 1 bortsett fra at 0,05 millimol som titanatom av komponent (a) ble anvendt. Polypropylen ble erholdt i en mengde på 327,4 g som hvitt pulver. Polymeren hadde en kokende n-heptanekstraksons-rest på 95,0 vekt-%, en tilsynelatende densitet på 0?32 g pr. The propylene was polymerized in the same way as in example 1, except that 0.05 millimole as titanium atom of component (a) was used. Polypropylene was obtained in an amount of 327.4 g as white powder. The polymer had a boiling n-heptane extraction residue of 95.0% by weight, an apparent density of 0.32 g per
ml og en smelteindeks på 3,6. ml and a melt index of 3.6.
Konsentrasjonen av væskeskiktet ga 11,7 g av en løsningsmiddel-løslig polymer. Concentration of the liquid layer gave 11.7 g of a solvent-soluble polymer.
EKSEMPLER 3 TIL 8 EXAMPLES 3 TO 8
Propylen ble polymerisert på samme måte som i eksempel 1 unntatt at hvert av syreanhydridene som er vist i tabell 1 ble anvendt i stedet for ftalsyreanhydridet. Resultatene er vist i tabell 1. The propylene was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1, except that each of the acid anhydrides shown in Table 1 was used instead of the phthalic anhydride. The results are shown in table 1.
EKSEMPEL 9 EXAMPLE 9
Kommersielt tilgjengelig Mg^OCH^^ (8,6 g, 0,1 mol) ble oppslemmet i 0,3 liter kerosen og 10,6 ml (0,1 mol) o-cresol ble tilsatt. Reaksjonen ble utført i en time ved 80°C. Ved samme temperatur ble 7,2 ml (0,05 mol) etylbenzoat tilsatt, og r reaksjonen ble fortsatt i en time. Reaksjonsblandingen ble kjølet til 60°C og 2,9 mol (0,025 mol) SiCl4 ble tilsatt dråpevis i løpet av 30 minutter, og reaksjonen ble gjennomført ved 60°C i en time. Etter avkjøling ble den faste delen av produktet oppsamlet. Det ble fullstendig vasket med kerosen og oppslemmet i 300 ml titantetraklorid og omsatt ved 130°C Commercially available Mg^OCH^^ (8.6 g, 0.1 mol) was slurried in 0.3 liters of kerosene and 10.6 ml (0.1 mol) of o-cresol was added. The reaction was carried out for one hour at 80°C. At the same temperature, 7.2 ml (0.05 mol) of ethyl benzoate was added, and the reaction was continued for one hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to 60°C and 2.9 mol (0.025 mol) SiCl 4 was added dropwise over 30 minutes, and the reaction was carried out at 60°C for one hour. After cooling, the solid part of the product was collected. It was completely washed with kerosene and suspended in 300 ml of titanium tetrachloride and reacted at 130°C
i 2 timer. Etter reaksjonen ble supernatantvæsken fjernet ved dekantering. Den faste delen ble fullstendig vasket med frisk kerosen og ga en fast kompleks titankomponent (a) for 2 hours. After the reaction, the supernatant liquid was removed by decantation. The solid was completely washed with fresh kerosene to give a solid complex titanium component (a)
som inneholdt 4,1 vekt-% titanatom, 54 vekt-% kloratom, 16,7 vekt-% magnesiumatom og 11,3 vekt-% etylbenzoat. which contained 4.1 wt% titanium atoms, 54 wt% chlorine atoms, 16.7 wt% magnesium atoms and 11.3 wt% ethyl benzoate.
Propylen ble polymerisert på samme måte som i eksempel 1. Det erholdtes 296,2 g polypropylen som hvitt pulver. Polymeren, hadde en kokende n-heptanekstraksjonsrest på 95,1%, en tilsynelatende densitet på 0,30 g pr. ml og en smelteindeks på 3,6. The propylene was polymerized in the same way as in example 1. 296.2 g of polypropylene were obtained as white powder. The polymer had a boiling n-heptane extraction residue of 95.1%, an apparent density of 0.30 g per ml and a melt index of 3.6.
Konsentrasjonen av væskeskiktet ga 12,0 g av en løsningsmiddel-løslig polymer. Concentration of the liquid layer gave 12.0 g of a solvent-soluble polymer.
EKSEMPEL 10 EXAMPLE 10
Kulemaling ble gjennomført på samme måte som i eksempel 1 bortsett fra at 6,5 ml isoamyleter ble brukt i stedet for etylbenzoat. Det pulveriserte produktet ble brakt i kontakt med titantetraklorid på samme måte som i eksempel 1 og ga en komponent (a) som inneholdt 2,1 vekt-% titanatom og 69 vekt-% kloratom. Ball milling was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6.5 ml of isoamyl ether was used instead of ethyl benzoate. The powdered product was contacted with titanium tetrachloride in the same manner as in Example 1 and gave a component (a) containing 2.1% by weight of titanium atoms and 69% by weight of chlorine atoms.
Propylen ble polymerisert på samme måte som i eksempel 1. The propylene was polymerized in the same way as in example 1.
Det ble oppnådd 325^3 g polypro<p>ylen som et hvitt pulver med en kokende h-heptanekstraksjonsrest på 93,3%, en tilsyne-, latende densitet på 0,35 g pr. ml og en smelteindeks på 4,0. 325^3 g of polypropylene were obtained as a white powder with a boiling h-heptane extraction residue of 93.3%, an apparent apparent density of 0.35 g per ml and a melt index of 4.0.
Konsentrasjonen av væskeskiktet ga 9,9 g av en løsningsmiddel-løslig polymer. Concentration of the liquid layer gave 9.9 g of a solvent-soluble polymer.
EKSEMPEL 11 EXAMPLE 11
En reaktor utstyrt med en tilbakeløpskjøler ble fylt med 200 ml Grignard-reagens (etyleterløsning, 2 mol pr. liter) og 0,4 p-cresol ble tilsatt dråpevis ved romtemperatur. Etter reaksjonen ble etyleteren fjernet ved destillasjon. Det resulterende hvite pulver ble oppslemmet i 200 ml renset kerosen. Etylbenzoat (0,1 mol) ble satt til oppslemmingen, og reaksjonen ble gjennomført ved 80°C i 2 timer. Etter reaksjonen ble reaksjonsblandingen kjølt til romtemperatur. Det resulterende faste stoff ble oppsamlet ved filtrering, vasket med renset heksan og tørket ved redusert trykk. A reactor equipped with a reflux condenser was filled with 200 ml of Grignard reagent (ethyl ether solution, 2 mol per liter) and 0.4 p-cresol was added dropwise at room temperature. After the reaction, the ethyl ether was removed by distillation. The resulting white powder was slurried in 200 ml of purified kerosene. Ethyl benzoate (0.1 mol) was added to the slurry and the reaction was carried out at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. The resulting solid was collected by filtration, washed with purified hexane and dried under reduced pressure.
Reaksjonsproduktet ble oppslemmet i 3 00 ml titantetraklorid og omsatt under røring ved 80°C i 2 timer. Etter reaksjonen ble produktet varmefiltrert og tilstrekkelig vasket med renset heksan. Tørking under redusert trykk ga en fast kompleks (a) som inneholdt 3,3 vekt-% titanatom, 56 vekt-% kloratom, 18,7 vekt-% magnesiumatom, 8,7 vekt-% etylbenzoat og hadde en spesifikk overflate på 170 m 2 pr. g. The reaction product was slurried in 300 ml of titanium tetrachloride and reacted with stirring at 80°C for 2 hours. After the reaction, the product was heat filtered and sufficiently washed with purified hexane. Drying under reduced pressure gave a solid complex (a) containing 3.3 wt% titanium atom, 56 wt% chlorine atom, 18.7 wt% magnesium atom, 8.7 wt% ethyl benzoate and had a specific surface area of 170 m 2 per g.
Propylen ble polymerisert på samme måte som i eksempel 1. The propylene was polymerized in the same way as in example 1.
Det ble oppnådd 264,2 g polypropylen som hvitt pulver. Polymeren hadde en kokende n-heptanekstraksjonsrest på 93,7%, en tilsynelatende densitet på 0,32 g pr. ml og en smelteindeks på 3,2. 264.2 g of polypropylene were obtained as white powder. The polymer had a boiling n-heptane extraction residue of 93.7%, an apparent density of 0.32 g per ml and a melt index of 3.2.
Konsentrasjonen av væskeskiktet ga 9,7 g av en løsningsmiddel-løslig polymer. Concentration of the liquid layer gave 9.7 g of a solvent-soluble polymer.
EKSEMPEL 12 EXAMPLE 12
Vannfritt mangesiumklorid (20 g) og 1,2 ml titantetraklorid Anhydrous manganese chloride (20 g) and 1.2 ml titanium tetrachloride
ble plassert i en rustfri (SUS-32)kulemøllesylinder med et indre rom på 800 ml og en innvendig diameter på 100 mm og som inneholdt 100 rustfritt stål (SUS-32) kuler med en diameter på 15 mm og brakt i kontakt med hverandre i 30 timer med en hastig-het på 125 opm. 10 g av faste pulveret som ble erholdt ble oppslemmet i 100 ml kerosen og ved 60°C ble 15 ml etyl-p-toluat tilsatt dråpevis i løpet av 30 minutter. Reaksjonen ble gjen-nomført ved 7 0°C i en time. Produktet ble oppsamlet ved filtrering, vasket med heksan og tørket. 10 g av det resulterende faste produktet ble oppslemmet i 100 ml titantetraklorid og omsatt ved 100°C i 2 timer. Produktet ble filtrert, tilstrekkelig vasket med heksan og tørket. Den resulterende faste komplekset titankomponenten (a) inneholdt 2,0 vekt-% titanatom og 56,0 vekt-% kloratom. was placed in a stainless steel (SUS-32) ball mill cylinder with an inner space of 800 ml and an inner diameter of 100 mm and which contained 100 stainless steel (SUS-32) balls with a diameter of 15 mm and brought into contact with each other in 30 hours at a speed of 125 rpm. 10 g of the solid powder that was obtained was suspended in 100 ml of kerosene and at 60°C 15 ml of ethyl p-toluate was added dropwise over 30 minutes. The reaction was carried out at 70°C for one hour. The product was collected by filtration, washed with hexane and dried. 10 g of the resulting solid product was slurried in 100 ml of titanium tetrachloride and reacted at 100°C for 2 hours. The product was filtered, sufficiently washed with hexane and dried. The resulting solid complex titanium component (a) contained 2.0 wt% titanium atom and 56.0 wt% chlorine atom.
Propylen ble polymerisert på samme måte som i eksempel 1. Det ble oppnådd 265,4 g polypropylen som et hvitt pulver. Polymeren hadden en kokende n-heptan ekstraksjonsrest på 93,7%, The propylene was polymerized in the same way as in example 1. 265.4 g of polypropylene were obtained as a white powder. The polymer had a boiling n-heptane extraction residue of 93.7%,
en tilsynelatende densitet på 0,32g pr. ml og en smelteindeks på 6,2. an apparent density of 0.32g per ml and a melt index of 6.2.
Konsentrasjonen av væskeskiktet ga 10,3 g av en løsningsmiddel-løslig polymer. Concentration of the liquid layer gave 10.3 g of a solvent-soluble polymer.
EKSEMPEL 13 EXAMPLE 13
10 g av den' faste kompleks titanforbindelsen (a) ble erholdt på samme måte som i eksempel 1 ble oppslemmet i 200 ml renset kerosen og 6,3 millimol titantetraklorid ble tilsatt ved romtemperatur. Reaksjonen ble gjennomført i en time. Videre ble 6,3 millimol etylbenzoat tilsatt og reaksjonen ble gjen-nomført i en time. Reaksjonsproduktet ble filtrert, vasket med heksan og tørket og ga en fast kompleks titankomponent 10 g of the solid complex titanium compound (a) obtained in the same way as in example 1 was suspended in 200 ml of purified kerosene and 6.3 millimoles of titanium tetrachloride were added at room temperature. The reaction was carried out for one hour. Furthermore, 6.3 millimoles of ethyl benzoate were added and the reaction was carried out for one hour. The reaction product was filtered, washed with hexane and dried to give a solid complex titanium component
(a) som inneholdt 3,5 vekt-% titanatom. (a) which contained 3.5% by weight of titanium atoms.
Propylen ble polymerisert på samme måte som i eksempel 1. The propylene was polymerized in the same way as in example 1.
Det ble oppnådd 276,2 g polypropylen som et hvitt pulver. Polymeren hadde en kokende n-heptanekstraksjonsrest på 93,7%, en tilsynelatende densitet på 0,34 g pr. ml og en smelteindeks på 4,8. - 276.2 g of polypropylene was obtained as a white powder. The polymer had a boiling n-heptane extraction residue of 93.7%, an apparent density of 0.34 g per ml and a melt index of 4.8. -
Konsentrasjonen av væskeskiktet ga 10,2 g av en løsningsmiddel-løslig polymer. Concentration of the liquid layer gave 10.2 g of a solvent-soluble polymer.
EKSEMPEL 14 TIL 18 EXAMPLES 14 TO 18
Faste kompleks titank6mponenter (a) ble fremstilt på samme måte som i eksempel 1 med unntakelse av at etylbenzoat ble forandret til elektrondonatorer som vist i tabell 2 og propylen ble polymerisert. Resultatene er vist i tabell 2. Solid complex titanium components (a) were prepared in the same way as in example 1 with the exception that ethyl benzoate was changed to electron donors as shown in table 2 and propylene was polymerized. The results are shown in table 2.
EKSEMPLER 19 TIL 23 EXAMPLES 19 TO 23
Faste titankomplekser ble fremstilt på samme måte som i eksempel med en unntakelse av at alkoholen, es.terenog organoaluminiumfor-bindelsen (eller tinn eller silisiumforbindelsen) ble forandret som vist i tabell 3 og propylen ble polymerisert på samme måte som i eksempel 1. Resultatene er vist i tabell 3. Solid titanium complexes were prepared in the same manner as in Example with the exception that the alcohol, ester and organoaluminum compound (or tin or silicon compound) were changed as shown in Table 3 and propylene was polymerized in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 3.
Sammenligningseksempel Comparative example
For å vise fordelene som oppnås ved å anvende et syreanhydrid i stedet for en syre ble eksempel 5 gjentatt bortsett fra at det ble anvendt benzosyre i stedet for benzosyreanhydrid. Resultatet var som følger: (De tilsvarende verdier erholdt ifølge eksempel 5 er vist i parentes). To show the advantages obtained by using an anhydride instead of an acid, Example 5 was repeated except that benzoic acid was used instead of benzoic anhydride. The result was as follows: (The corresponding values obtained according to example 5 are shown in brackets).
Utbytte av polypropylen i form av et hvitt pulver var Yield of polypropylene in the form of a white powder was
264 g (298,3). Ekstraksjonsresten etter koking i n-heptan var 7B, 2% (95,0?o). Konsentrasjonen av væskefasen ga 33 g , 10,2 g av oppløselig polymer. 264g (298.3). The extraction residue after boiling in n-heptane was 7B, 2% (95.0%). Concentration of the liquid phase gave 33 g, 10.2 g of soluble polymer.
Det fremgår således av de viste resultater at det oppnås vesentlige fordeler ved å anvende et syreanhydrid i stedet for den tilsvarende syre. It thus appears from the results shown that significant advantages are achieved by using an acid anhydride instead of the corresponding acid.
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JPS6025441B2 (en) * | 1976-09-30 | 1985-06-18 | 三井化学株式会社 | Solid catalyst components and catalysts for olefin polymerization |
ZA801724B (en) * | 1979-04-01 | 1981-03-25 | Stamicarbon | Catalytic titanium compound,process for the manufacture thereof,and process for the polymerization of lakenes-1 with application of such a titanium component |
JPS55135105A (en) * | 1979-04-10 | 1980-10-21 | Mitsui Petrochem Ind Ltd | Titanium catalyst component for olefin polymerization |
DE3068239D1 (en) | 1979-11-20 | 1984-07-19 | Shell Int Research | Preparation of catalyst components and polymerization of olefins employing such catalyst components |
JPS56166205A (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1981-12-21 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Stereoregular polymerization of alpha-olefin |
JPS5721403A (en) * | 1980-07-11 | 1982-02-04 | Mitsui Toatsu Chem Inc | Polymerization of alpha-olefin |
JPS5770105A (en) * | 1980-10-17 | 1982-04-30 | Toa Nenryo Kogyo Kk | Catalytic component for alpha-olefin polymerization and its use |
US4680350A (en) * | 1981-09-10 | 1987-07-14 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Purified catalyst support |
US4419269A (en) | 1982-12-06 | 1983-12-06 | The Dow Chemical Company | Transition metal containing catalyst |
WO1984004925A1 (en) * | 1983-06-06 | 1984-12-20 | Dow Chemical Co | Process for polymerizing olefins employing a catalyst prepared from organomagnesium compound; oxygen- or nitrogen- containing compound; halide source; transition metal compound and reducing agent |
EP0246599B1 (en) * | 1986-05-21 | 1991-01-30 | Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation | Method for producing an olefin polymer |
US5608018A (en) * | 1993-12-08 | 1997-03-04 | Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited | α-olefin polymerization catalyst system and process for producing α-olefin catalyst |
JP5607155B2 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2014-10-15 | バーゼル・ポリオレフィン・イタリア・ソチエタ・ア・レスポンサビリタ・リミタータ | Method for producing 1-butene polymer |
CN111234070B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2022-03-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Catalyst component, catalyst system and prepolymerized catalyst for olefin polymerization, use thereof and olefin polymerization process |
CN111234073B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2021-12-31 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Catalyst component, catalyst system and prepolymerized catalyst for olefin polymerization, use thereof and olefin polymerization process |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3402113A (en) * | 1965-04-27 | 1968-09-17 | Lummus Co | Process for the electrolysis of alkali metal halide brines |
NL160286C (en) * | 1971-06-25 | |||
IT967867B (en) * | 1972-09-26 | 1974-03-11 | Montedison Spa | PROCEDURE FOR THE STEREOSPECIFICATION OF THE ALPHA OLE FINE |
GB1492618A (en) * | 1974-02-01 | 1977-11-23 | Mitsui Petrochemical Ind | Process for preparing highly stereoregular polyolefins and catalyst used therefor |
IT1005486B (en) * | 1974-02-15 | 1976-08-20 | Montedison Spa | THERMOPLASTIC RUBBERS AND THE PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION |
JPS5128189A (en) * | 1974-09-03 | 1976-03-09 | Mitsui Petrochemical Ind | KOKETSUSHOSEIHORIOREFUIN NO KOKATSUSEI JUGOHOHO |
JPS565404B2 (en) * | 1975-02-14 | 1981-02-04 | ||
DE2553104A1 (en) * | 1975-11-26 | 1977-06-08 | Mitsui Petrochemical Ind | Supported catalyst prodn. - by contacting titanium cpd. with solid magnesium compone |
-
1976
- 1976-08-27 JP JP51101565A patent/JPS5812888B2/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-08-19 NO NO772897A patent/NO152753C/en unknown
- 1977-08-22 ZA ZA00775067A patent/ZA775067B/en unknown
- 1977-08-23 GB GB35312/77A patent/GB1564460A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-24 AT AT613677A patent/AT350258B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-25 BR BR7705674A patent/BR7705674A/en unknown
- 1977-08-25 NL NLAANVRAGE7709399,A patent/NL177831C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-25 PT PT66956A patent/PT66956B/en unknown
- 1977-08-25 AU AU28223/77A patent/AU510626B2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-26 SE SE7709631A patent/SE438862B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-08-26 IT IT27002/77A patent/IT1084731B/en active
- 1977-08-26 DE DE19772738627 patent/DE2738627A1/en active Granted
- 1977-08-26 FR FR7726082A patent/FR2362868A1/en active Granted
- 1977-08-26 CA CA285,572A patent/CA1115447A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-26 PH PH20170A patent/PH15738A/en unknown
- 1977-08-26 ES ES462114A patent/ES462114A1/en not_active Expired
- 1977-08-26 BE BE180469A patent/BE858156A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO152753C (en) | 1985-11-13 |
ES462114A1 (en) | 1978-12-01 |
ATA613677A (en) | 1978-10-15 |
JPS5812888B2 (en) | 1983-03-10 |
JPS5327677A (en) | 1978-03-15 |
SE438862B (en) | 1985-05-13 |
IT1084731B (en) | 1985-05-28 |
BE858156A (en) | 1978-02-27 |
SE7709631L (en) | 1978-02-28 |
FR2362868B1 (en) | 1980-10-17 |
PT66956A (en) | 1977-09-01 |
DE2738627A1 (en) | 1978-03-02 |
GB1564460A (en) | 1980-04-10 |
FR2362868A1 (en) | 1978-03-24 |
AU2822377A (en) | 1979-03-01 |
AU510626B2 (en) | 1980-07-03 |
ZA775067B (en) | 1978-07-26 |
NL7709399A (en) | 1978-03-01 |
BR7705674A (en) | 1978-05-30 |
AT350258B (en) | 1979-05-25 |
PT66956B (en) | 1979-02-08 |
PH15738A (en) | 1983-03-18 |
NL177831C (en) | 1985-12-02 |
DE2738627C2 (en) | 1989-02-02 |
NO772897L (en) | 1978-02-28 |
CA1115447A (en) | 1981-12-29 |
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