NO151790B - PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF PARTICLE PLATES USING POLYISOCYANATE BINDING AND PHOSPHATE - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF PARTICLE PLATES USING POLYISOCYANATE BINDING AND PHOSPHATE Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO151790B NO151790B NO793118A NO793118A NO151790B NO 151790 B NO151790 B NO 151790B NO 793118 A NO793118 A NO 793118A NO 793118 A NO793118 A NO 793118A NO 151790 B NO151790 B NO 151790B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- phosphate
- polyisocyanate
- particles
- mixture
- phosphates
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 123
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 title claims description 89
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 title claims description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 80
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 76
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title claims description 75
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims description 74
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 122
- -1 alkaline earth metal salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 92
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 235000011180 diphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J diphosphate(4-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O XPPKVPWEQAFLFU-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- FFQKYPRQEYGKAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamoyl phosphate Chemical class NC(=O)OP(O)(O)=O FFQKYPRQEYGKAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 31
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229940048084 pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 description 10
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl isocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1 DGTNSSLYPYDJGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GWEHVDNNLFDJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylurea Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 GWEHVDNNLFDJLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002511 behenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000755 henicosyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002818 heptacosyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002819 montanyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001802 myricyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001196 nonadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000005064 octadecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002460 pentacosyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000005063 tetradecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000002469 tricosyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000005040 tridecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003901 ceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 125000003493 decenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013405 beer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004369 butenyl group Chemical group C(=CCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001162 cycloheptenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000596 cyclohexenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000522 cyclooctenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCCCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002433 cyclopentenyl group Chemical group C1(=CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;phenol Chemical compound O=C.OC1=CC=CC=C1 SLGWESQGEUXWJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical class OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000569 greater omentum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000006038 hexenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004923 naphthylmethyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005187 nonenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002903 organophosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002255 pentenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004344 phenylpropyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000582 polyisocyanurate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011495 polyisocyanurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010904 stalk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005065 undecenyl group Chemical group C(=CCCCCCCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/703—Isocyanates or isothiocyanates transformed in a latent form by physical means
- C08G18/705—Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium
- C08G18/706—Dispersions of isocyanates or isothiocyanates in a liquid medium the liquid medium being water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
- B29C33/60—Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/302—Water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/52—Phosphorus bound to oxygen only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2503/00—Use of resin-bonded materials as filler
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2125/00—Compositions for processes using internal mould release agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/06—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features having improved processability or containing aids for moulding methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår fremstilling av partikkelplater hvorved det anvendes organiske polyisocyanater som bindemidler, under medanvendelse av visse fosfater. The present invention relates to the production of particle boards whereby organic polyisocyanates are used as binders, with the co-use of certain phosphates.
Anvendelse av organiske polyisocyanter, spesielt toluendiisosyanat, metylenbis(fenyl isocyanat), og polymetylen polyfenyl polyisocyanter er nå vel kjent som bindemidler, The use of organic polyisocyanates, especially toluene diisocyanate, methylene bis(phenyl isocyanate), and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates are now well known as binders,
eller som en komponent i et bindemiddel, for fremstilling av partikkelplater, se f.eks. US-patentskrift 3 428 592, 3 440 189, 3 557 263, 3 636 199, 3 870 665, 3 919 017 og 3 930 110. or as a component in a binder, for the production of particle boards, see e.g. US Patents 3,428,592, 3,440,189, 3,557,263, 3,636,199, 3,870,665, 3,919,017, and 3,930,110.
I en typisk prosess vil bindemiddelharpiksene, eventuelt i form av en løsning eller vandig suspensjon eller emulsjon,, påføres eller blandes med partiklene av cellulose-materiale, eller andre typer av materialer som er i stand til å danne partikkelplater, under anvendelse av en trommel-apperatur eller blander eller annen form for omrør. Blandingen av partikler og bindemiddel formes deretter på en matte og underkastes varme og trykk under anvendelse av oppvarmede pressplater. Prosessen kan utføres satsvis eller kontinuerlig. For å forhindre adhesjon av den således dannede plate til de oppvarmede pressplater har det hittil vært nødvendig å inn-legge et ark som er impermeabel ovenfor isocyanat, mellom overflaten av platen og pressplaten under formingsprosessen, eller å belegge overflaten av pressplaten før hver støpe-operasjon med et egnet slippmiddel eller å belegge overflaten av partiklene med materiale som ikke vil adhere til pressplaten. Hver av disse alternativer, særlig hvor fremgangsmåten drives på kontinuerlig basis, er besværlig og en ulempe for hva som ellers er en meget tilfredsstillende metode for fremstilling av en partikkelplate med meget tiltrekkende strukturelle styrkeegenskaper. In a typical process, the binder resins, possibly in the form of a solution or aqueous suspension or emulsion, will be applied or mixed with the particles of cellulosic material, or other types of materials capable of forming particle boards, using a drum- apparatus or mixer or other form of agitation. The mixture of particles and binder is then formed on a mat and subjected to heat and pressure using heated press plates. The process can be carried out in batches or continuously. In order to prevent adhesion of the plate thus formed to the heated press plates, it has hitherto been necessary to insert a sheet impermeable to isocyanate between the surface of the plate and the press plate during the forming process, or to coat the surface of the press plate before each casting operation with a suitable release agent or to coat the surface of the particles with material that will not adhere to the press plate. Each of these alternatives, particularly where the process is operated on a continuous basis, is cumbersome and a disadvantage to what is otherwise a very satisfactory method of producing a particle board with very attractive structural strength properties.
Det er nå funnet at de ovenfor angitte ulemper It has now been found that the above stated disadvantages
ved anvendelse av organiske isocyanater som bindemidler for partikkelplater kan nedsettes til et minimum på en meget tilfredsstillende måte ved innarbeidelse av visse fosfor-holdige forbindelser som indre slippmidler i de således anvendte isocyanatbindemidler. when using organic isocyanates as binders for particle boards can be reduced to a minimum in a very satisfactory way by incorporating certain phosphorus-containing compounds as internal release agents in the isocyanate binders thus used.
US patentskrift 3 151 016 beskriver visse sure fosfater som faller innen den klasse av sure fosfater som anvendes ved foreliggende fremgangsmåte, som slippmidler ved fremstilling av fiberplater, under anvendelse av en poly-vinylacetatemulsjon alene eller i blanding med hexamethylether av hexamethylolmelamin, eller en emulsjon av en copolymer av styren, acrylonitril og methacrylsyre. De spesifikke eksempler beskriver anvendelse av blandinger av emulsjonen og slippmidlet for fremstilling av fiberplater fra fibre som inneholder en meget høy prosent, nemlig 40 til 60% vann. Det angis at "perfekt slipp" oppnåes etter pressing av matten. US Patent 3,151,016 describes certain acid phosphates which fall within the class of acid phosphates used in the present process, as release agents in the manufacture of fiberboard, using a polyvinyl acetate emulsion alone or in admixture with hexamethylether of hexamethylolmelamine, or an emulsion of a copolymer of styrene, acrylonitrile and methacrylic acid. The specific examples describe the use of mixtures of the emulsion and the release agent for the production of fiber boards from fibers containing a very high percentage, namely 40 to 60% water. It is stated that "perfect release" is achieved after pressing the mat.
Disse sure fosfat-slippmidlene anvendt ifølge patentskriftet, kan imidlertid ikke uten videre anvendes for fremstilling av partikkelplater under anvendelse av et polyisocyanat som bindemiddelharpiks. Som senere angitt, kan vann-innholdet i partiklene som bindes under anvendelse av polyisocyanatet, være så høyt som 24%, men er fortrinnsvis ikke høyere enn ca. 18%. Foreliggende bindemiddel vil selvsagt ikke kunne anvendes med partikler som inneholder 40 til 60% vann, slik som angitt i patentskriftet. These acidic phosphate release agents used according to the patent, however, cannot be used without further ado for the production of particle boards using a polyisocyanate as binder resin. As indicated later, the water content of the particles bound using the polyisocyanate can be as high as 24%, but is preferably no higher than approx. 18%. The present binder will of course not be able to be used with particles containing 40 to 60% water, as stated in the patent document.
De bindemidler som ennvidere anvendes ifølge patentskriftet, er klebematerialer som ikke reagerer med fibrene som formes til plater, heller ikke adherer de til platene i pressen på samme måte som et polyisocyanat. Polyisocyanatet vil ikke bare reagere kjemisk med de frie hydroxylgrupper i partiklene og med vannet inneholdt deri, men polyisocyanatet vil også danne en meget sterk binding til metallet i platen anvendt i pressen. Problemet med adhesjon til platen i pressen nar polyisocyanat anvendes som bindemiddel, er be-tydelig mer alvorlig enn det problem som oppstår under anvendelse av den type av klebende harpiks som er beskrevet i patentskriftet. Det må derfor betraktes som fullstendig uventet at de sure fosfater som anvendes ifølge oppfinnelsen, vil kunne oppføre seg som indre slippmidler når de anvendes i kombinasjon med et polyisocyanatbindemiddel. The binders that are still used according to the patent are adhesive materials that do not react with the fibers that are formed into plates, nor do they adhere to the plates in the press in the same way as a polyisocyanate. The polyisocyanate will not only react chemically with the free hydroxyl groups in the particles and with the water contained therein, but the polyisocyanate will also form a very strong bond to the metal in the plate used in the press. The problem of adhesion to the plate in the press when polyisocyanate is used as a binder is significantly more serious than the problem that arises when using the type of adhesive resin described in the patent document. It must therefore be considered completely unexpected that the acid phosphates used according to the invention will be able to behave as internal release agents when they are used in combination with a polyisocyanate binder.
US patentskrift 4 024 088 beskriver innarbeidelse US Patent 4,024,088 describes incorporation
av visse fosfater som slippmidler ved fremstilling av polyurethanskum. Hoveddelen av de fosfater som er angitt i patentskriftet, hører ikke inn under den klasse som anvendes ved foreliggende fremgangsmåte. Ennvidere kan mesteparten av de der beskrevne fosfater ikke anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen da de ikke gir noen frigivelse fra støpe-formen under de betingelser som anvendes ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse. Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er ikke en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av polyurethaner. Den reaksjon som finner sted, er en reaksjon mellom polyisocyanatet og de aktive hydrogengrupper i cellulosen eller annet anvendt partikkelformet materiale. Ennvidere utføres reaksjonen i nærvær av fuktighet og under innflytelse av varme og trykk. Disse betingelser er fullstendig forskjellige fra de som normalt anvendes ved fremstilling av et polyurethanskum som beskrevet i patentskriftet. of certain phosphates as release agents in the production of polyurethane foam. The main part of the phosphates specified in the patent do not belong to the class used in the present method. Furthermore, most of the phosphates described there cannot be used in the method according to the invention as they do not release from the mold under the conditions used according to the present invention. The method according to the invention is not a method for producing polyurethanes. The reaction that takes place is a reaction between the polyisocyanate and the active hydrogen groups in the cellulose or other particulate material used. Furthermore, the reaction is carried out in the presence of moisture and under the influence of heat and pressure. These conditions are completely different from those normally used in the production of a polyurethane foam as described in the patent document.
Oppfinnelsen angår således en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av partikkelplater hvorved partikler av organisk materiale som er i stand til å sammenpresses, spesielt treflis, bringes i kontakt med et polyisocyanat-bindemiddel, The invention thus relates to a method for the production of particle boards whereby particles of organic material capable of being pressed together, in particular wood chips, are brought into contact with a polyisocyanate binder,
og de behandlede partikler deretter formes til plater ved på-føring av varme og trykk, hvilken fremgangsmåte er kjenne-tegnet ved at partiklene i tillegg til behandling med polyisocyanat-bindemidlet, bringes i kontakt med fra 0,1 til 20 deler pr. 100 vektdeler av polyisocyanatet, av et fosfat valgt fra klassen bestående av and the treated particles are then formed into plates by the application of heat and pressure, which method is characterized by the fact that, in addition to treatment with the polyisocyanate binder, the particles are brought into contact with from 0.1 to 20 parts per 100 parts by weight of the polyisocyanate, of a phosphate selected from the class consisting of
(a) sure fosfater med formel (a) acid phosphates of formula
og ammonium-,alkalimetall-og jordalkalimetallsalter derav, and ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof,
(b) pyrofosfater avledet fra de sure fosfater (I) og (II) (b) pyrophosphates derived from the acid phosphates (I) and (II)
og blandinger av (I) og (II), and mixtures of (I) and (II),
(c) O-monoacylderivater av de sure fosfatene (I) og (II) (c) O-monoacyl derivatives of the acid phosphates (I) and (II)
med formel with formula
(d) karbamoylfosfater av formel (d) carbamoyl phosphates of formula
og ammonium-, alkalimetall- og jordalkalimetallsalter derav, and ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts thereof,
(e) forgrenede polyfosfater av formel (e) branched polyphosphates of formula
(f) polyfosfater svarende til generell formel (f) polyphosphates corresponding to general formula
hvori n er et helt tall where n is an integer
innbefattet cyklometafosfater (n = 3), og included cyclometaphosphates (n = 3), and
(g) blandinger av to eller flere av de angitte forbindelser, hvori i de forskjellige formler, hver av R er uavhengig valgt fra klassen bestående av alkyl med 8-35 karbonatomer, alkenyl med 8-35 karbonatomer og (g) mixtures of two or more of the specified compounds, wherein in the various formulas, each of R is independently selected from the class consisting of alkyl of 8-35 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 8-35 carbon atoms and
hvori R' er alkyl med 8-35 karbonatomer, en av A og B betegner hydrogen og det andre er hydrogen eller metyl, og m er et tall med en midlere verdi på 1-5, R^ er hydrokarbyl med 1-12 karbonatomer, R_ er hydrokarbyl med 1-12 karbonatomer og hydrokarbyl substituert med minst én ytterligere in which R' is alkyl with 8-35 carbon atoms, one of A and B represents hydrogen and the other is hydrogen or methyl, and m is a number with an average value of 1-5, R^ is hydrocarbyl with 1-12 carbon atoms, R_ is hydrocarbyl with 1-12 carbon atoms and hydrocarbyl substituted with at least one more
gruppe hvori R har den tidligere angitte betydning. group in which R has the previously indicated meaning.
Med uttrykket "alkyl med 8-35 karbonatomer" menes et mettet monovalent alifatisk radikal, rettkjedet eller forgrenet som har det angitte antall karbonatomer i molekylet. Eksempler på slike grupper er oktyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tredecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, heksadecyl, heptadecyl, oktadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, pentacosyl, heksacosyl, heptacosyl, oktacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, pentatriacontyl o.l., innbefattet iso-meriske formel derav. With the expression "alkyl with 8-35 carbon atoms" is meant a saturated monovalent aliphatic radical, straight chain or branched, which has the specified number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Examples of such groups are octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tredecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, heneicosyl, docosyl, tricosyl, pentacosyl, hexacosyl, heptacosyl, octacosyl, nonacosyl, triacontyl, pentatriacontyl et al., including isomeric formulas thereof.
Uttrykket "alkenyl med 8-35 karbonatomer" angir et monovalent rettkjedet eller forgrenet alifatisk radikal inneholdende minst en dobbeltbinding, og med det angitte antall karbonatomer i molekylet. Eksempler på slike grupper er oktenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dedecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, heksadecenyl, heptadecenyl, oktadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, pentacosenyl, triacontenyl, pentatria-contenyl o.1., innbefattet isomere former derav. The term "alkenyl with 8-35 carbon atoms" denotes a monovalent straight-chain or branched aliphatic radical containing at least one double bond, and with the indicated number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Examples of such groups are octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dedecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, octadecenyl, nonadecenyl, eicosenyl, heneicosenyl, docosenyl, tricosenyl, pentacosenyl, triacontenyl, pentatria-contenyl etc., including isomeric forms thereof.
Uttrykket "pyrofosfater ------ avledet fra de sure fosfater (I) og (II) og blandinger av (I) og (II)" har følg-ende betydning: De sure fosfater (I) og (II) fremstilles generelt i form av blandinger av monosurt fosfat (II) og disurt fosfat (I) hvilke blandinger fremstilles ved omsetning av den tilsvarende alkohol ROH, hvor R er som ovenfor definert, med fosforpentoksyd etter velkjente metoder for fremstilling av sure fosfater, se f.eks. Kosolapoff, Organophosphorus Compounds, s. 220-221, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1950. Den således erholdte blanding av mono- og disure fosfater kan separeres, om ønsket, f.eks. ved fraksjonert krystallisering av barium og lignende salter som beskrevet i den ovenfor angitte referanse. De individuelle sure fosfater eller blandinger av de to kan anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen. Pyrofosfåtene (III) og (IV) erholdes lett fra de tilsvarende sure fosfater (II) og (I) ved omsetning av de sistnevnte med et dehydratiseringsmiddel slik som karbonyl-klorid, aryl eller alkylmonoisocyanater og polyisocyanater, N,N<1->dihydrokarbylkarbodiimider o.l. etter velkjente metoder innen faget, se f.eks. F. Cramer and M. Winter, Chem. Ber. 94, 989 (1961), ibid 92, 2761 (1959), M. Smith, J. G. Moffat and H. G. Khorana, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 80^, 6204 (1958), F. Ramirez,, J. F. Marecek og I. Ugi, JACS 97, 3809 (1975). The expression "pyrophosphates ------ derived from the acid phosphates (I) and (II) and mixtures of (I) and (II)" has the following meaning: The acid phosphates (I) and (II) are generally produced in the form of mixtures of monoacid phosphate (II) and diacid phosphate (I), which mixtures are prepared by reacting the corresponding alcohol ROH, where R is as defined above, with phosphorus pentoxide according to well-known methods for the production of acid phosphates, see e.g. Kosolapoff, Organophosphorus Compounds, pp. 220-221, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1950. The thus obtained mixture of mono- and diacid phosphates can be separated, if desired, e.g. by fractional crystallization of barium and similar salts as described in the above-mentioned reference. The individual acid phosphates or mixtures of the two can be used in the method according to the invention. The pyrophosphates (III) and (IV) are easily obtained from the corresponding acid phosphates (II) and (I) by reacting the latter with a dehydrating agent such as carbonyl chloride, aryl or alkyl monoisocyanates and polyisocyanates, N,N<1->dihydrocarbylcarbodiimides beer. according to well-known methods in the field, see e.g. F. Cramer and M. Winter, Chem. Pray. 94, 989 (1961), ibid 92, 2761 (1959), M. Smith, J.G. Moffat and H.G. Khorana, J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 80^, 6204 (1958), F. Ramirez,, J.F. Marecek and I. Ugi, JACS 97, 3809 (1975).
De individuelle sure fosfater (I) og (II) kan separat omdannes til de tilsvarende pyrofosfater, eller blandinger av de to typer av surt fosfat (I) og (II) kan omdannes til den tilsvarende blanding av pyrofosfater. The individual acid phosphates (I) and (II) can be separately converted into the corresponding pyrophosphates, or mixtures of the two types of acid phosphate (I) and (II) can be converted into the corresponding mixture of pyrophosphates.
Når det gjelder de sure fosfater av formel (II) , er de tilsvarende pyrofosfater de som representeres ved formel hvori R har den ovenfor angitte betydning. Når det gjelder de sure fosfatene av formel (I), er de tilsvarende pyrofosfater en kompleks blanding hvis midlere sammensetning er representert ved formelen hvori x er et tall med en midlere verdi på 1 eller høyere, og R har den tidligere angitte betydning. In the case of the acid phosphates of formula (II), the corresponding pyrophosphates are those represented by formula in which R has the meaning indicated above. In the case of the acid phosphates of formula (I), the corresponding pyrophosphates are a complex mixture whose average composition is represented by the formula wherein x is a number having an average value of 1 or greater, and R has the previously indicated meaning.
Uttrykket "hydrokarbyl med fra 1-12 karbonatomer" angir det monovalentradikal som erholdes ved å fjerne et hydrogenatom fra moderhydrokarbonet med det angitte karbon-atominnhold. Eksempler på slike grupper er alkyl slik som metyl, etyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, heksyl, oktyl, decyl, dodecyl o.l., innbefattet isomere former derav; alkenyl slik som vinyl, allyl, butenyl, pentenyl, heksenyl, oktenyl, decenyl, dodecenyl o.l. innbefattet isomere former derav; aralkyl slik som benzyl, fenylpropyl, fenetyl, naftylmetyl o.l.; aryl slik som fenyl, tolyl, xylyl, naftyl, bifenylyl o.l.; cycloalkyl slik som cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cycloheksyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooktyl o.l., innbefattet isomere former derav; og cycloalkenyl slik som cyclopentenyl, cycloheksenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooktenyl o.l., innbefattet isomere former derav. The term "hydrocarbyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms" denotes the monovalent radical obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from the parent hydrocarbon with the specified carbon atom content. Examples of such groups are alkyl such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl etc., including isomeric forms thereof; alkenyl such as vinyl, allyl, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, octenyl, decenyl, dodecenyl and the like. including isomeric forms thereof; aralkyl such as benzyl, phenylpropyl, phenethyl, naphthylmethyl and the like; aryl such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, naphthyl, biphenylyl and the like; cycloalkyl such as cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl and the like, including isomeric forms thereof; and cycloalkenyl such as cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl and the like, including isomeric forms thereof.
Uttrykket "alkalimetall" har den vel erkjente betydning litium, natrium, kalium, rubidium The term "alkali metal" has the well-recognized meaning lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium
og cesium. Uttrykket "jordalkalimetall" har også en vel anerkjent betydning som innbefatter kalsium, and cesium. The term "alkaline earth metal" also has a well-recognized meaning which includes calcium,
strontium, magnesium og barium. strontium, magnesium and barium.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen utføres hoved-sakelig i henhold til tidligere beskrevne metoder i faget hvori et organisk polyisocyanat anvendes som en bindemiddelharpiks, eller en komponent derav, (se f.eks. tysk offentlig-gjørelsesskrift 2610552 og US-patentskrift 3 428 592) med den hovedunntakelse at et fosfat som tidligere definert anvendes i kombinasjon med isocyanatbindemidlet som anvendes for å behandle partiklene som skal bindes sammen under dannelse av partikkelplaten. The method according to the invention is mainly carried out according to previously described methods in the art in which an organic polyisocyanate is used as a binder resin, or a component thereof, (see e.g. German publication 2610552 and US patent 3 428 592) with the main exception is that a phosphate as previously defined is used in combination with the isocyanate binder used to treat the particles to be bound together during formation of the particle board.
Således fremstilles partikkelplater ifølge oppfinnelsen ved å binde sammen partikler av tre eller annet cellulose eller organisk materiale som er i stand til å sammenpresses under anvendelse av varme og trykk i nærvær av et bindemiddelsystem som omfatter en kombinasjon av et organisk polyisocyanat og et fosfat som tidligere definert, heretter angitt som "fosfatslippmiddél". Thus, particle boards are produced according to the invention by binding together particles of wood or other cellulose or organic material which are able to be compressed under the application of heat and pressure in the presence of a binder system comprising a combination of an organic polyisocyanate and a phosphate as previously defined , hereinafter referred to as "phosphate release agent".
Polyisocyanatet og fosfatslippmidlet bringes The polyisocyanate and the phosphate release agent are brought
i kontakt med partiklene som separate, individuelle komponenter, eller - i en foretrukket utførelsesform, bringes are brought into contact with the particles as separate, individual components, or - in a preferred embodiment
1 kontakt med partiklene enten 1 contact with the particles either
samtidig eller etter blanding. Enten polyisocyanatet og fosfatet innføres separat eller i blanding', kan de anvendes alene, dvs. uten fortynningsmidler eller løsningsmidler, simultaneously or after mixing. Whether the polyisocyanate and the phosphate are introduced separately or in a mixture', they can be used alone, i.e. without diluents or solvents,
eller den ene eller andre eller begge kan anvendes i form av vandig dispersjoner eller emulsjoner. or one or the other or both can be used in the form of aqueous dispersions or emulsions.
Polyisocyanat-komponenten i bindemiddelsystemet The polyisocyanate component of the binder system
kan være et hvilket som helst organisk polyisocyanat som inneholder minst to isocyanatgrupper pr. molekyl. Eksempler på organiske polyisocyanater er difenylmetan-diisocyanat, m- og p-fenylen-diisocyanater, klorfenylen-diisocyanat, a,a-xylylen-diisocyanat, 2,4- og 2,6-toluen-diisocyanat og blandinger av disse to isomerer som er kommersielt tilgjengelig, trifenylmetan—triisocyanater, 4,4'-diisocyanatdifenyleter, can be any organic polyisocyanate containing at least two isocyanate groups per molecule. Examples of organic polyisocyanates are diphenylmethane diisocyanate, m- and p-phenylene diisocyanates, chlorophenylene diisocyanate, a,a-xylylene diisocyanate, 2,4- and 2,6-toluene diisocyanate and mixtures of these two isomers which are commercially available, triphenylmethane-triisocyanates, 4,4'-diisocyanate diphenyl ether,
og polymetylen-polyfenyl-polyisocyanater. De sistnevnte polyisocyanater er blandinger inneholdende fra 25-90 vekt% metylenbis(fenylisocyanat) idet resten av blandingen er polymetylen-polyf enyl-polyisocyanater med funksjonalitet høyere enn 2,0. Slike polyisocyanater og metoder for fremstilling av disse er velkjent innen faget, se f.eks US-patentskrift 2 683 730, 2 950 263, 3 012 008 og 3 097 191. Disse polyisocyanater er også tilgjengelige i forskjellige modifiserte former. En slik form omfatter et polymetylen-polyfenyl-polyisocyanat som ovenfor angitt, som er blitt underkastet and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates. The latter polyisocyanates are mixtures containing from 25-90% by weight of methylenebis(phenylisocyanate), the rest of the mixture being polymethylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanates with a functionality higher than 2.0. Such polyisocyanates and methods for their production are well known in the art, see, for example, US Patent 2,683,730, 2,950,263, 3,012,008 and 3,097,191. These polyisocyanates are also available in various modified forms. One such form comprises a polymethylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanate as indicated above, which has been submitted
varmebehandling, generelt ved temperaturer fra 150~300°C inntil viskositeten (ved 35°C) er øket til en verdi innen område fra 800-1500 centipoise. Et annet modifisert polymetylen-polyf enyl- polyisocyanat er et som er blitt behandlet med mindre mengder av et epoksyd for å redusere surheten derav i henhold til US-patentskrift 3 793 362. heat treatment, generally at temperatures from 150~300°C until the viscosity (at 35°C) is increased to a value within the range of 800-1500 centipoise. Another modified polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate is one that has been treated with minor amounts of an epoxide to reduce its acidity according to US Patent 3,793,362.
Polymetylen-polyfenyl-polyisocyanatene er foretrukne polyisocyanater for anvendelse i bindemiddelsystemene ved fremgangsmåten. Særlig foretrukne polymetylen-polyf enyl-polyisocyanater er de som inneholder fra 35-65 vekt% metylenbis(fenylisocyanat). The polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates are preferred polyisocyanates for use in the binder systems in the method. Particularly preferred polymethylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanates are those which contain from 35-65% by weight of methylenebis(phenylisocyanate).
Når det organiske polyisocyanat skal anvendes When the organic polyisocyanate is to be used
som bindemiddelsystem i form av en vandig emulsjon eller dispersjon , kan den vandige as a binder system in the form of an aqueous emulsion or dispersion, the aqueous
emulsjonen eller dispersjonen fremstilles under anvendelse av hvilken som helst av de kjente teknikker innen faget for fremstilling av vandige emulsjoner eller dispersjoner, før bruk av disse som bindemiddel. Eksempelvis disper-geres polyisocyanatet i vann i nærvær av et emulgeringsmiddel. Dette sistnevnte kan være et hvilket som helst av kjente emulgeringsmidler innen faget, innbefattet anioniske og ikke-ioniske midler. Eksempler på ikke-ioniske emulgeringsmidler er polyoksyetylen og polyoksypropylenalkoholer og blokk-kopolymerer av to eller flere av etylenoksyd, propylenoksyd butylenoksyd og styren; alkoksylerte alkylfenoner slik som nonnylfenoksy poly(etylenoksy)etanoler; alkoksylerte alifatiske alkoholer slik som etoksylert og propoksylert alifatiske alkoholer inneholdende fra 4-18 karbonatomer; glycerider av mettede og umettede fettsyrer slik som stearinsyre, oljesyre og ricinoljesyre o.l.; polyoksyalkylenestere av fettsyrer slik som stearinsyre, laurinsyre, oljesyre og lignende; fettsyreamider slik som dialkanolamider av fettsyrer slik som stearinsyre, laurinsyre, oljesyre og lignende. En detaljert oppstilling av slike materialer finnes i Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Second Edition, Vol. 19, pp. 531-554, 1969, Interscience Publishers, New York. the emulsion or dispersion is prepared using any of the techniques known in the art for the preparation of aqueous emulsions or dispersions, before using these as a binder. For example, the polyisocyanate is dispersed in water in the presence of an emulsifier. This latter can be any of the emulsifiers known in the art, including anionic and non-ionic agents. Examples of non-ionic emulsifiers are polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene alcohols and block copolymers of two or more of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide and styrene; alkoxylated alkylphenones such as nonylphenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy)ethanols; alkoxylated aliphatic alcohols such as ethoxylated and propoxylated aliphatic alcohols containing from 4 to 18 carbon atoms; glycerides of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid and castor oil acid and the like; polyoxyalkylene esters of fatty acids such as stearic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid and the like; fatty acid amides such as dialkanolamides of fatty acids such as stearic acid, lauric acid, oleic acid and the like. A detailed listing of such materials can be found in Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Second Edition, Vol. 19, pp. 531-554, 1969, Interscience Publishers, New York.
Dannelsen av emulsjonen eller dispersjonen kan utføres på et hvilket som helst tidspunkt før bruk som bindemiddel, men utføres fortrinnsvis innen 3 timer The formation of the emulsion or dispersion can be carried out at any time before use as a binder, but is preferably carried out within 3 hours
før bruk. Hvilket som helst av de kjente metoder before use. Any of the known methods
innen faget for fremstilling av vandige emulsjoner kan anvendes ved fremstilling av de vandige polyisocyanatemulsjoner anvendt ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen. Eksempelvis dannes emulsjonen ved at polyisocyanat, et emulgeringsmiddel og vann bringes sammen under trykk under anvendelse av en konvensjonell sprøytepistol i hvilken strømmene av vann og polyisocyanat treffer hverandre og blandes under turbulente betingelser i sprøytepistolens blandekammer. Den således dannede emulsjon utleveres i form av et spray som påføres på cellulosepartiklene som skal formes til plater på den nedenfor beskrevne måte. in the field of producing aqueous emulsions can be used in the production of the aqueous polyisocyanate emulsions used in the method according to the invention. For example, the emulsion is formed by bringing polyisocyanate, an emulsifier and water together under pressure using a conventional spray gun in which the streams of water and polyisocyanate collide and mix under turbulent conditions in the spray gun's mixing chamber. The emulsion thus formed is dispensed in the form of a spray which is applied to the cellulose particles which are to be formed into plates in the manner described below.
Som ovenfor angitt kan fosfatslippmidlet bringes As indicated above, the phosphate release agent can be brought
i kontakt med partiklene som en separat komponent, i hvilket tilfelle det anvendes i ren form, dvs. uten fortynningsmidler, eller som en vandig løsning eller dispersjon. Fortrinnsvis anvendes fosfatet - enten i ren eller fortynnet form når det anvendes alene, dvs. separat fra polyisocyanatet, i form av et spray på partiklene. I en foretrukket utførelsesform in contact with the particles as a separate component, in which case it is used in pure form, i.e. without diluents, or as an aqueous solution or dispersion. Preferably, the phosphate is used - either in pure or diluted form when used alone, i.e. separately from the polyisocyanate, in the form of a spray on the particles. In a preferred embodiment
anvendes imidlertid fosfatslippmidlet og polyisocyanatet sammen. Dette kan however, the phosphate release agent and the polyisocyanate are used together. This can
utføres på flere måter. Når således polyisocyanatet anvendes som et bindemiddel uten fortynningsmidler slik som vann, kan fosfatslippmidlet innarbeides i polyisocyanatet ved en enkel blanding. Hvor polyisocyanatet anvendes som bindemiddel i form av en vandig emulsjon, kan fosfatslippmidlet tilsettes som en separat komponent under dannelsen av emulsjonen, eller etter dannelse av denne, eller - i en særlig foretrukket utførelsesform, blandes på forhånd fosfatet med det organiske polyisocyanat før emulgering av sistnevnte. Det organiske polyisocyanat og fosfatslippmidlet kan således blandes på forhånd og lagres i et hvilket som helst ønsket tidsrom før dannelse av emulsjonen. Når et emulgeringsmiddel anvendes ved fremstilling av emulsjonen, kan også dette middel innarbeides i blandingen av organisk polyisocyanat og fosfatslippmiddel under dannelse av en lagringsstabil blanding performed in several ways. Thus, when the polyisocyanate is used as a binder without diluents such as water, the phosphate release agent can be incorporated into the polyisocyanate by a simple mixture. Where the polyisocyanate is used as a binder in the form of an aqueous emulsion, the phosphate release agent can be added as a separate component during the formation of the emulsion, or after its formation, or - in a particularly preferred embodiment, the phosphate is mixed beforehand with the organic polyisocyanate before emulsification of the latter . The organic polyisocyanate and the phosphate release agent can thus be mixed in advance and stored for any desired period of time before forming the emulsion. When an emulsifier is used in the preparation of the emulsion, this agent can also be incorporated into the mixture of organic polyisocyanate and phosphate release agent, forming a storage-stable mixture
som kan omdannes, ved ethvert ønsket tidsrom, til en which can be converted, at any desired interval, into a
vandig emulsjon for anvendelse som et bindemiddel ved enkel tilblanding med vann. aqueous emulsion for use as a binder by simple mixing with water.
Når polyisocyanatet anvendes som bindemiddel i When the polyisocyanate is used as a binder i
form av en vandig emulsjon, er mengden av organisk polyisocyanat tilstedeværende i den vandige emulsjonen innen området på 0,1-99 vekt%, og fortrinnsvis innen området fra 25-75 vekt%. form of an aqueous emulsion, the amount of organic polyisocyanate present in the aqueous emulsion is within the range of 0.1-99% by weight, and preferably within the range of 25-75% by weight.
Enten fosfatslippmidlet innføres som en separat komponent eller i kombinasjon med polyisocyanatet, er mengden av anvendt fosfatslippmiddel innen området fra 0,1-20 vektdeler, pr. 100 deler polyisocyanat, og fortrinnsvis innen området fra 2-10 vektdeler pr. 100 deler polyisocyanat. Whether the phosphate release agent is introduced as a separate component or in combination with the polyisocyanate, the amount of phosphate release agent used is within the range from 0.1-20 parts by weight, per 100 parts polyisocyanate, and preferably within the range from 2-10 parts by weight per 100 parts polyisocyanate.
Mengden av emulgeringsmiddel som kreves for å fremstille emulsjonen er ikke kritisk og varierer alt etter det spesielle emulgeringsmiddel som anvendes, men er generelt innen området fra 0,1-20 vekt%, basert på polyisocyanatet. The amount of emulsifier required to produce the emulsion is not critical and varies according to the particular emulsifier used, but is generally within the range of 0.1-20% by weight, based on the polyisocyanate.
Utgangsmaterialet for partikkelplaten omfatter partikler av cellulose og lignende materiale som er i stand til å sammenpresses og bindes i form av plater. Typisk er slike materialer tre-partikler fra tømmerfremstillingsavfall slik som spon, finerflis o.l. Partikler av annet cellulose-materiale slik som papirstrimler, tremasse eller vegetabilske fibre slik som maisstilker, halm, bagasse o.l., og av ikke-cellulosematerialer slik som polyuretanavfall, polyisocyanurat-avfall og lignende polymerskum kan også anvendes. Metoder for fremstilling av egende partikler er vel kjente og konvensjo-nelle. Om ønsket kan blandinger av cellulosepartikler anvendes. Partikkelplater har eksempelvis med hell blitt fremstilt fra trepartikkelblandinger inneholdende opptil 30% bark. The starting material for the particleboard comprises particles of cellulose and similar material which are able to be pressed together and bound in the form of boards. Typically, such materials are wood particles from timber production waste such as shavings, veneer chips etc. Particles of other cellulose material such as paper strips, wood pulp or vegetable fibers such as corn stalks, straw, bagasse etc., and of non-cellulosic materials such as polyurethane waste, polyisocyanurate waste and similar polymer foams can also be used. Methods for producing proper particles are well known and conventional. If desired, mixtures of cellulose particles can be used. Particle boards have, for example, been successfully produced from wood particle mixtures containing up to 30% bark.
Fuktighetsinnholdet i partiklene kan hensiktsmessig variere fra 0-24 vekt%. Typisk inneholder partikler fra tømmeravfall 10-20% fuktighet, og kan anvendes uten først å tørkes. The moisture content of the particles can suitably vary from 0-24% by weight. Typically, particles from timber waste contain 10-20% moisture, and can be used without first being dried.
Partikkelplater fabrikeres ved at partiklene sprøytes med komponentene i bindemiddelblandingen, enten separat eller i kombinasjon, mens partiklene tromles eller om-røres i et blandeverk eller lignende blandeapparatur. Eksempelvis tilsettes totalt 2-8 vekt% av bindemiddelsystemet (ute-lukkende ethvert tilstedeværende vann), basert på tørrvekten ("bone dry") av partiklene, men større og mindre mengder av bindemiddel kan anvendes for en gitt påføring. Om ønsket kan andre materialer slik som voksglattemidler, brann-hemmende midler, pigmenter o.l. tilsettes til partiklene under blandingstrinnet. Particle boards are manufactured by spraying the particles with the components of the binder mixture, either separately or in combination, while the particles are drummed or stirred in a mixer or similar mixing equipment. For example, a total of 2-8% by weight of the binder system (excluding any water present) is added, based on the dry weight ("bone dry") of the particles, but larger and smaller amounts of binder can be used for a given application. If desired, other materials such as wax smoothing agents, fire retardants, pigments etc. is added to the particles during the mixing step.
Etter tilstrekkelig blanding til å gi en jevn blanding, formes de belagte partikler til en løs matte eller filt, fortrinnsvis inneholdende mellom 4 og 18 vekt% fuktighet. Massen anbringes deretter i oppvarmet press mellom "caul"-plater og sammenpresses for å konsolidere partiklene til en plate. Presstider, temperatur og trykk varierer vidt avhengig av tykkelsen på den fremstilte plate, den ønskede tetthet på platen, størrelsen på de anvendte partikler og andre faktorer vel kjent innen faget. Eksempelvis vil for en 1,27 cm tykk partikkelplate med middels tetthet> trykk på 21,1-49,2 kg/cm<2 >og temperaturer på 163°C-190°C være typiske. Presstider er typisk 2-5 minutter. På grunn av at en del av fuktigheten tilstedeværende i matten reagerer med polyisocyanatet under dannelse av polyurea, som tidligere beskrevet, er konsentra-sjonen av tilstedeværende fuktighet i matten ikke så kritisk med isocyanatbindemidler som med andre bindemiddelsystemer. After sufficient mixing to provide a uniform mixture, the coated particles are formed into a loose mat or felt, preferably containing between 4 and 18% by weight moisture. The pulp is then placed in a heated press between "caul" plates and compressed to consolidate the particles into a plate. Pressing times, temperature and pressure vary widely depending on the thickness of the plate produced, the desired density of the plate, the size of the particles used and other factors well known in the art. For example, for a 1.27 cm thick particle board with medium density > pressures of 21.1-49.2 kg/cm<2 > and temperatures of 163°C-190°C would be typical. Pressing times are typically 2-5 minutes. Because part of the moisture present in the mat reacts with the polyisocyanate to form polyurea, as previously described, the concentration of moisture present in the mat is not as critical with isocyanate binders as with other binder systems.
Den ovenfor beskrevne prosess kan utføres satsvis, dvs. individuelle ark av partikkelplater kan støpes ved å behandle en hensynsmessig mengde av partikler med bindemiddel-kombinasjonen og å oppvarme og presse det behandlede materiale. Alternativt kan prosessen utføres kontinuerlig ved å mate behandlede partikler i form av en kontinuerlig bane eller matte gjennom en oppvarmings- og pressesone av-grenset av øvre og nedre kontinuerlige stålbelter til hvilke og gjennom hvilke, den nødvendige varme og trykk påføres. The process described above can be carried out in batches, ie individual sheets of particleboard can be molded by treating a reasonable amount of particles with the binder combination and heating and pressing the treated material. Alternatively, the process can be carried out continuously by feeding treated particles in the form of a continuous path or mat through a heating and pressing zone delimited by upper and lower continuous steel belts to which, and through which, the necessary heat and pressure is applied.
Enten prosessen utføres sats- Whether the process is carried out batch-
vis eller kontinuerlig, er det funnet at partikkelplaten fremstilt under anvendelse av polyisocyanatet og fosfat-slippmiddelkombinasjonen ifølge oppfinnelsen, frigis lett fra metallplatene av presset anvendt ved dannelse av disse, gradually or continuously, it has been found that the particle board produced using the polyisocyanate and phosphate release agent combination according to the invention is easily released from the metal plates by the press used in forming them,
og utviser ingen tendens til å klebe eller å adhere til platene. Dette står i direkte motsetning til tidligere er-faring med anvendelse av polyisocyanater alene som binde-middelharpikser, slik som tidligere diskutert. and exhibits no tendency to stick or adhere to the plates. This is in direct contrast to previous experience with the use of polyisocyanates alone as binder resins, as previously discussed.
Selv om hvilke som helst av de ovenfor definerte fosfatslippmidler kan anvendes, enten alene eller i kombinasjon, ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, foretrekkes det å anvende pyrofosfåtene (III) og (IV) eller blandede pyrofosfater avledet fra blandinger av de sure fosfatene (I) og (II). Således er de fri hydroksylgrupper tilstedeværende i pyrofosfåtene, eller hvilke som helst fri hydroksylgruppe tilstedeværende i form av uomdannet surt fosfat-utgangsmateriale, generelt tilstrekkelig hindret til å være ureaktive ved omgivende temperatur med polyisocyanatet anvendt ved prosessen ifølge oppfinnelsen, og pyrofosfåtene kan lagres i kombinasjon med polyisocyanat i lengre perioder uten å utvise noen tegn på svekkelse. Når imidlertid blandingen av pyrofosfat og polyisocyanat emulgeres og anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, antas bearbeidelsestemperaturen og den damp som utvikles ved dannelsen av partikkelplaten å resultere i hydrolyse av pyrofosfatet med regenerering av de tilsvarende sure fosfater, hvilke deretter tjener til å lette den etter-følgende frigivelse av partikkelplaten fra platene i presse. Det skal forstås at den ovenfor angitte teori bare er be-regnet på å gi en forklaring, og er på ingen måte angitt for å begrense oppfinnelsens ramme. Although any of the above-defined phosphate release agents can be used, either alone or in combination, in the method according to the invention, it is preferred to use the pyrophosphates (III) and (IV) or mixed pyrophosphates derived from mixtures of the acid phosphates (I) and (II). Thus, the free hydroxyl groups present in the pyrophosphates, or any free hydroxyl group present in the form of unconverted acid phosphate starting material, are generally sufficiently hindered to be unreactive at ambient temperature with the polyisocyanate used in the process according to the invention, and the pyrophosphates can be stored in combination with polyisocyanate for extended periods without showing any signs of deterioration. However, when the mixture of pyrophosphate and polyisocyanate is emulsified and used in the method according to the invention, the processing temperature and the steam developed during the formation of the particle board are believed to result in hydrolysis of the pyrophosphate with regeneration of the corresponding acid phosphates, which then serve to facilitate the subsequent release of the particle board from the plates in press. It should be understood that the theory stated above is only intended to provide an explanation, and is in no way intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Som ovenfor angitt, erholdes de monosure fosfater (II) As indicated above, the monoacid phosphates (II) are obtained
og di-sure fosfater (I) og saltene derav, som anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, etter kjente metoder slik som omsetning av den tilsvarende alkohol ROH, hvori R er som tidligere angitt, med fosforpentoksyd; Kosolapoff, ibib. Selvfølgelig er det mulig å anvende blandinger av to eller flere forskjellige alkoholer i den ovenfor angitte reaksjon, under dannelse av en tilsvarende blanding av sure fosfater (I) og/eller (II) hvori de forskjellige komponenter i blandingen har forskjellige verdier for gruppen R. Som også angitt ovenfor, kan blandingen av mono- og di-sure fosfater erholdt ved den ovenfor angitte reaksjon, separeres i deres individu- and di-acid phosphates (I) and their salts, which are used in the method according to the invention, according to known methods such as reaction of the corresponding alcohol ROH, in which R is, as previously indicated, with phosphorus pentoxide; Kosolapoff, ibib. Of course, it is possible to use mixtures of two or more different alcohols in the above-mentioned reaction, forming a corresponding mixture of acid phosphates (I) and/or (II) in which the different components of the mixture have different values for the group R. As also indicated above, the mixture of mono- and di-acid phosphates obtained by the above-mentioned reaction can be separated into their individual
elle komponenter etter kjente metoder, slik som fraksjonert krystallisering og lignende, og de således erholdte individuelle forbindelser kan anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen. Alternativt og foretrukket kan blandingen av mono- og di-syrefosfater erholdt ved den ovenfor beskrevne reaksjon anvendes som sådan, uten separasjon i dens komponenter, ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, eller kan om- components according to known methods, such as fractional crystallization and the like, and the individual compounds thus obtained can be used in the method according to the invention. Alternatively and preferably, the mixture of mono- and di-acid phosphates obtained by the reaction described above can be used as such, without separation into its components, in the method according to the invention, or can
dannes til en tilsvarende blanding av pyrofosfater under anvendelse av de tidligere diskuterte prosedyrer, hvilken blanding deretter anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen. is formed into a corresponding mixture of pyrophosphates using the previously discussed procedures, which mixture is then used in the method according to the invention.
Eksempler på sure fosfater av formel (I) som kan anvendes individuelt eller i kombinasjon med andre sure fosfater ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er: mono-O-oktyl, mono-O-nonyl, mono-O-decyl, mono-O-undecyl, mono-O-dodecyl, mono-O-tridecyl, mono-O-tetradecyl, mono-O-pentadecyl, mono-O-heksadecyl, mono-O-heptadecyl, mono-O-oktadecyl, mono-O-nonadecyl, mono-O-eicosyl, mono-O-heneicosyl, mono-O-docosyl, mono-O-tricosyl, mono-O-pentacosyl, mono-O-heksacosyl, mono-O-heptacosyl, mono-O-oktacosyl, mono-O-nonacosyl, mono-O-triacontyl, mono-O-pentatriacontyl, mono-O-dodecenyl, mono-O-tridecenyl, mono-O-tetradecenyl, mono-O-pentadecenyl, mono-O-heksadecenyl, mono-O-heptadecenyl, mono-O-oktadecenyl, mono-O-nonadecenyl, mono-O-eicosenyl, mono-O-heneicosenyl, mono-O-decosenyl, mono-O-tricosenyl, mono-O-pentacosenyl, mono-O-triacontenyl og mono-O-pentatriacosenyl-disure fosfater og de.disure fosfater i hvilke det forestrende radikal er det som er avledet fra lauryl og lignende enverdige alkoholer som er blitt terminert under anvendelse av fra 1-5 mol etylenoksyd. Examples of acid phosphates of formula (I) which can be used individually or in combination with other acid phosphates in the method according to the invention are: mono-O-octyl, mono-O-nonyl, mono-O-decyl, mono-O-undecyl, mono-O-dodecyl, mono-O-tridecyl, mono-O-tetradecyl, mono-O-pentadecyl, mono-O-hexadecyl, mono-O-heptadecyl, mono-O-octadecyl, mono-O-nonadecyl, mono- O-eicosyl, mono-O-heneicosyl, mono-O-docosyl, mono-O-tricosyl, mono-O-pentacosyl, mono-O-hexacosyl, mono-O-heptacosyl, mono-O-octacosyl, mono-O- nonacosyl, mono-O-triacontyl, mono-O-pentatriacontyl, mono-O-dodecenyl, mono-O-tridecenyl, mono-O-tetradecenyl, mono-O-pentadecenyl, mono-O-hexadecenyl, mono-O-heptadecenyl, mono-O-octadecenyl, mono-O-nonadecenyl, mono-O-eicosenyl, mono-O-heneicosenyl, mono-O-decosenyl, mono-O-tricosenyl, mono-O-pentacosenyl, mono-O-triacontenyl and mono- O-pentatriacosenyl diacid phosphates and de.diacid phosphates in which the esterifying radical is that derived from lauryl and similar monohydric alcohols oils which have been terminated using from 1-5 moles of ethylene oxide.
Eksempler på sure fosfater av formel (II) som kan anvendes individuelt eller i kombinasjon med andre sure fosfater ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er: 0,0-di(oktyl), 0,0-di(nonyl), 0,0-di(decyl), 0,0-di(undecyl), 0,0-di(dodecyl), 0,0-di(tridecyl), 0,0-di(tetradecyl), 0,0-di(pentadecyl), 0,0-di(heksadecyl), 0,0-di(heptadecyl), 0,0-di(oktadecyl), 0,0-di(nonadecyl), 0,0-di(eicosyl), 0,0-di(heneicosyl), 0,0-di(docosyl), 0,0-di(tricosyl), 0,0-di(pentacosyl), 0,0-di-(heksacosyl), 0,0-di(heptacosyl), 0,0-di(oktacosyl), 0,0-di-(nonacosyl), 0,0-di(triacontyl), 0,0-di(pentatriacontyl), 0,0-di-(dodecenyl), 0,0-di(tridecenyl), 0,0-di(tetradecenyl), 0,0-di-(pentadecenyl), 0,0-di(heksadecenyl), 0,0-di(heptadecenyl), 0,0-di(oktadecenyl), 0,0-di(nonadecenyl), 0,0-di(eicosenyl), 0,0-di(heneicosenyl), 0,0-di(docosenyl), 0,0-di(tricosenyl), 0,0-di(pentacosenyl), 0,0-di(triacontenyl), og 0,O-di(pentatriacosenyl)-monosure fosfater, og de diforestrede monosure fosfater i hvilke det forestrende radikal er det som avledes fra lauryl og lignende enverdige alkoholer som er blitt terminert med 1-5 mol etylenoksyd. Eksempler på den sist- Examples of acid phosphates of formula (II) which can be used individually or in combination with other acid phosphates in the process according to the invention are: 0,0-di(octyl), 0,0-di(nonyl), 0,0-di( decyl), 0,0-di(undecyl), 0,0-di(dodecyl), 0,0-di(tridecyl), 0,0-di(tetradecyl), 0,0-di(pentadecyl), 0, 0-di(hexadecyl), 0,0-di(heptadecyl), 0,0-di(octadecyl), 0,0-di(nonadecyl), 0,0-di(eicosyl), 0,0-di(heneicosyl ), 0,0-di(docosyl), 0,0-di(tricosyl), 0,0-di(pentacosyl), 0,0-di-(hexacosyl), 0,0-di(heptacosyl), 0, 0-di(octacosyl), 0,0-di-(nonacosyl), 0,0-di(triacontyl), 0,0-di(pentatriacontyl), 0,0-di-(dodecenyl), 0,0-di (tridecenyl), 0,0-di(tetradecenyl), 0,0-di-(pentadecenyl), 0,0-di(hexadecenyl), 0,0-di(heptadecenyl), 0,0-di(octadecenyl), 0,0-di(nonadecenyl), 0,0-di(eicosenyl), 0,0-di(heneicosenyl), 0,0-di(docosenyl), 0,0-di(tricosenyl), 0,0-di (pentacosenyl), 0,0-di(triacontenyl), and 0,O-di(pentatriacosenyl) monoacid phosphates, and the diesterified monoacid phosphates in which the esterifying radical l is that derived from lauryl and similar monohydric alcohols which have been terminated with 1-5 moles of ethylene oxide. Examples of the last-
nevnte type av fosfat som er tilgjengelig, i blanding med de tilsvarende disure fosfater, er materialer markedsført under varemerket "Tryfac" av Emery Industries Inc. said type of phosphate available, in admixture with the corresponding disure phosphates, are materials marketed under the trademark "Tryfac" by Emery Industries Inc.
Eksempler på pyrofosfater av formel (III) som Examples of pyrophosphates of formula (III) which
kan anvendes individuelt eller i kombinasjon med andre pyrofosfater ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er: tetraoktyl, tetranonyl, tetradecyl, tetraundecyl, tetradodecyl, tetra(tri7 decyl), tetra(tetradecyl), tetra(pentadecyl), tetra(heksadecyl), tetra(heptadecyl), tetra(oktadecyl), tetra(nonadecyl), tetra (eicosyl), tetra(heneicosyl), tetra(docosyl), tetra(tricosyl), tetra(pentacosyl), tetra(heksacosyl), tetra(heptacosyl), tetra(oktacosyl), tetra(nonacosyl), tetra(triacontyl), tetra (pentatriacontyl), tetra(dodecenyl), tetra(tridecenyl), tetra(tetradecenyl), tetra(pentadecenyl), tetra(heksadecenyl), tetra(heptadecenyl), tetra(oktadecenyl), tetra(nonadecenyl), tetra(eicosenyl), tetra(heneicosenyl), tetra(docosenyl), tetra (tricosenyl) , tetra (pentacosenyl) , tetra (triacontenyl)., can be used individually or in combination with other pyrophosphates in the method according to the invention are: tetraoctyl, tetranonyl, tetradecyl, tetraundecyl, tetradodecyl, tetra(tri7decyl), tetra(tetradecyl), tetra(pentadecyl), tetra(hexadecyl), tetra(heptadecyl) , tetra(octadecyl), tetra(nonadecyl), tetra (eicosyl), tetra(heneicosyl), tetra(docosyl), tetra(tricosyl), tetra(pentacosyl), tetra(hexacosyl), tetra(heptacosyl), tetra(octacosyl) , tetra(nonacosyl), tetra(triacontyl), tetra (pentatriacontyl), tetra(dodecenyl), tetra(tridecenyl), tetra(tetradecenyl), tetra(pentadecenyl), tetra(hexadecenyl), tetra(heptadecenyl), tetra(octadecenyl) , tetra(nonadecenyl), tetra(eicosenyl), tetra(heneicosenyl), tetra(docosenyl), tetra (tricosenyl), tetra (pentacosenyl), tetra (triacontenyl).,
og tetra(pentatriacosenyl) pyrofosfater. and tetra(pentatriacosenyl) pyrophosphates.
Eksempler på pyrofosfater av formel (IV) som kan anvendes individuelt eller i kombinasjon med andre pyro- Examples of pyrophosphates of formula (IV) which can be used individually or in combination with other pyro-
fosfater ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er di(oktyl), di(nonyl), di(decyl), di(undecyl), di(dodecyl), di(tridecyl), di(tetradecyl), di(pentadecyl), di(heksadecyl), di(heptadecyl), di(oktadecyl), di(nonadecyl), di(eicosyl), di(heneicosyl), di(docosyl), di(tricosyl), di(pentacosyl), di(heksacosyl), di(heptacosyl), di(oktacosyl), di(nonacosyl), di(triacontyl), di(pentatriacontyl), di(dodecenyl), di(tridecenyl), di(tetradecenyl) , di(pentadecenyl), di(heksadecenyl), di(heptadecenyl), di(oktadecenyl), di(nonadecenyl), di(eicosenyl), di(heneicosenyl), di(docosenyl), di(tricosenyl), di(pentacosenyl), di(triacontenyl) og di(pentatriacosenyl)-pyrofosfater. phosphates in the method according to the invention are di(octyl), di(nonyl), di(decyl), di(undecyl), di(dodecyl), di(tridecyl), di(tetradecyl), di(pentadecyl), di(hexadecyl) , di(heptadecyl), di(octadecyl), di(nonadecyl), di(eicosyl), di(heneicosyl), di(docosyl), di(tricosyl), di(pentacosyl), di(hexacosyl), di(heptacosyl) , di(octacosyl), di(nonacosyl), di(triacontyl), di(pentatriacontyl), di(dodecenyl), di(tridecenyl), di(tetradecenyl) , di(pentadecenyl), di(hexadecenyl), di(heptadecenyl) , di(octadecenyl), di(nonadecenyl), di(eicosenyl), di(heneicosenyl), di(docosenyl), di(tricosenyl), di(pentacosenyl), di(triacontenyl) and di(pentatriacosenyl) pyrophosphates.
O-monoacylderivatene av de sure fosfater (I) og The O-monoacyl derivatives of the acid phosphates (I) and
(II), som kan anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, og som er vist ved formel (V) og (VI), fremstilles lett etter velkjente metoder innen faget. Eksempelvis omsettes det tilsvarende surt fosfat (I) eller (II) i form av dets sølv eller annet metallsalt, med det. egnede acylhalogenid P^COHal hvor Hal betegner klor eller brom og R1 er som tidligere definert, under anvendelse av de prosedyrer som er beskrevet av Kosolapoff, ibid., s. 334. Eksempler på 0-monoacrylderivater (II), which can be used in the method according to the invention, and which is shown by formulas (V) and (VI), is easily prepared according to well-known methods in the field. For example, the corresponding acid phosphate (I) or (II) in the form of its silver or other metal salt is reacted with it. suitable acyl halide P^COHal where Hal denotes chlorine or bromine and R1 is as previously defined, using the procedures described by Kosolapoff, ibid., p. 334. Examples of 0-monoacrylic derivatives
av de sure fosfater (I) og (II) er 0-acetyl, 0-propionyl, 0-oktanoyl, 0-decanoyl, 0-dedecanoyl, 0-benzoyl, 0-toluoyl, 0-fenacetyl derivatene av de forskjellige sure fosfater (I) of the acid phosphates (I) and (II) are the 0-acetyl, 0-propionyl, 0-octanoyl, 0-decanoyl, 0-dedecanoyl, 0-benzoyl, 0-toluoyl, 0-phenacetyl derivatives of the various acid phosphates ( IN)
og (II) som er eksemplifisert ovenfor. and (II) as exemplified above.
Karbamoylfosfåtene med formel (VII) som anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilles lett ved omsetning av det egnede sure fosfat (I) eller (II) med det egnede hydrokarbyl mono- eller polyisocyanat, under anvendelse av f.eks. den prosedyre som er beskrevet av F. Cramer og M. Winter, Chem. Ber. 92, 2761 (1959). Eksempler på slike karbamoylfosfater er metylkarbamoyl, etylkarbamoyl, propylcarba-moyl, heksylkarbamoyl, decylcarbamoyl, dodecylcarbamoyl, allylcarbamoyl, heksenylkarbamoyl, oktenylkarbamoyl, decenyl-karbamoyl, dodecenylkarbamoyl, fenylkarbamoyl, tolylkarbamoyl, difenylkarbamoyl, benzylkarbamoyl, fenylpropylkarbamoyl og lignende hydrokarbamoylderivater av de monosure fosfater (stabili-sert i form av deres ammonium eller alkalimetallsalter) som ovenfor eksemplifisert. Karbamoylfosfatene (VII) kan inneholde fri OH-grupper på grunn av ufullstendig omdannelse av syrefosfåtene i reaksjon med det egnede hydrokarbyl isocyanat på grunn av lav grad av reaktivitet av OH-gruppene når det gjelder isocyanatene. Slike forbindelser inneholdende frie OH-grupper kan anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen uten å gi uønskede bivirkninger, på grunn av den lave reaktivitetsgrad av OH-gruppene med isocyanatet. The carbamoyl phosphates of formula (VII) which are used in the method according to the invention are easily prepared by reacting the suitable acid phosphate (I) or (II) with the suitable hydrocarbyl mono- or polyisocyanate, using e.g. the procedure described by F. Cramer and M. Winter, Chem. Pray. 92, 2761 (1959). Examples of such carbamoyl phosphates are methylcarbamoyl, ethylcarbamoyl, propylcarbamoyl, hexylcarbamoyl, decylcarbamoyl, dodecylcarbamoyl, allylcarbamoyl, hexenylcarbamoyl, octenylcarbamoyl, decenylcarbamoyl, dodecenylcarbamoyl, phenylcarbamoyl, tolylcarbamoyl, diphenylcarbamoyl, benzylcarbamoyl, phenylpropylcarbamoyl and similar derivatives of monostable hydrocarbamoyl phosphates in the form of their ammonium or alkali metal salts) as exemplified above. The carbamoyl phosphates (VII) may contain free OH groups due to incomplete conversion of the acid phosphates in reaction with the suitable hydrocarbyl isocyanate due to a low degree of reactivity of the OH groups in the case of the isocyanates. Such compounds containing free OH groups can be used in the method according to the invention without causing unwanted side effects, due to the low degree of reactivity of the OH groups with the isocyanate.
Polyfosfåtene svarende til formel (X), som anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, fremstilles lett ved omsetning av det egnede trialkylfosfat (ROJ-^PO, The polyphosphates corresponding to formula (X), which are used in the method according to the invention, are easily prepared by reacting the suitable trialkyl phosphate (ROJ-^PO,
hvori R er som tidligere definert, med fosforpentoksyd under in which R is as previously defined, with phosphorus pentoxide below
anvendelse av den prosedyre som er beskrevet av Kosolapoff, ibid., s. 341. Polyfosfåtene er generelt komplekse blandinger hvis sammensetning er representert generisk ved formel (X), og innbefatter cykliske forbindelser (n = 3) med en seks-leddet ring sammensatt av avvekslende fosfor og oksygen-atomer. application of the procedure described by Kosolapoff, ibid., p. 341. The polyphosphates are generally complex mixtures whose composition is represented generically by formula (X), and include cyclic compounds (n = 3) with a six-membered ring composed of alternating phosphorus and oxygen atoms.
Polyfosfatene svarende til formel (VIII) og (IX) - som anvendes ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilles lett ved omsetning av det egnedeQdi eller trialkylfosfat og det egnede halogenf osf at (RO^P-Hal hvor Hal er klor eller brom, under anvendelse av f.eks. den prosedyre som er beskrevet av Kosolapoff, ibid., s. 338. Prosedyren innbefatter eliminering av alkylhalogenid. The polyphosphates corresponding to formulas (VIII) and (IX) - which are used in the method according to the invention are easily produced by reacting the suitable Qdi or trialkyl phosphate and the suitable halogen phosphate at (RO^P-Hal where Hal is chlorine or bromine, using f .eg the procedure described by Kosolapoff, ibid., p. 338. The procedure involves elimination of alkyl halide.
I en ytterligere utførelsesform In a further embodiment
er det funnet at kombinasjonen av polyisocyanat og fosfatslippmiddel anvendt som bindemiddel ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen kan anvendes i forbindelse med termoherdende harpiksbindemidler som hittil er blitt anvendt innen faget slik som fenol-formaldehyd, resorcinol-formaldehyd, melamin-formaldehyd, urea-formaldehyd, Urea-furfural og kondensert furfurylalkohol-serien. ikke bare forhindrer bruk av en slik kombinasjon problemene med adhesjon av de ferdige partikkelplater til pressplatene, hvilke problemer tidligere var for-bundet med en blanding av isocyanat og den ovenfor angitte type av termoherdende harpiksbindemidler, men de fysikalske egenskaper til de således erholdte partikkelplater forbedres markert ved anvendelse av kombinasjonen. it has been found that the combination of polyisocyanate and phosphate release agent used as binder in the method according to the invention can be used in connection with thermosetting resin binders that have hitherto been used in the field such as phenol-formaldehyde, resorcinol-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, Urea- furfural and condensed furfuryl alcohol series. not only does the use of such a combination prevent the problems with adhesion of the finished particle boards to the press plates, which problems were previously associated with a mixture of isocyanate and the above-mentioned type of thermosetting resin binders, but the physical properties of the thus obtained particle boards are markedly improved when using the combination.
De etterfølgende fremstillinger og eksempler illustrerer oppfinnelsen. The following representations and examples illustrate the invention.
FREMSTILLING 1 MANUFACTURE 1
Fremstilling av pyrofosfat fra lauryl- surt fosfat Production of pyrophosphate from lauryl acid phosphate
En blanding av 70 g lauryl-surt fosfat (en blanding av 0,0-dilauryl-monosurt fosfat og O-lauryl-disurt fosfat; A mixture of 70 g of lauryl acid phosphate (a mixture of 0,0-dilauryl monoacid phosphate and O-lauryl diacid phosphate;
Hooker Chemical Company) og 60 g fenylisocyanat ble innført i en tørr kolbe utstyrt med omrører, kjøler og tørkerør, og kolben ble neddyppet i et oljebad som på forhånd var oppvarmet til 80°C, og inneholdet i kolben ble omrørt mens temperaturen på oljebadet langsomt ble hevet til 115°C. Karbondioksyd ble utviklet over en periode på ca. 1 time. Når utviklingen av karbondioksyd var avtatt, ble reaksjonsblandingen avkjølt til romtemperatur og fortynnet med 100 ml kloroform. Den resulterende blanding ble filtrert, og det faste materiale som ble oppsamlet (24,8 g N,N'-difenylurea) ble vasket med kloroform. Det kombinerte filtrat og vaskevann ble konsentrert på en rotasjonsfordamper ved en badetemperatur på 50°C. Når mesteparten av løsningsmidlet var fordampet, utskiltes krystaller av N,N1 , N"-trifenylbiuret, og fordampningen ble avbrutt for å filtrere fra dette fastmateriale (6,6 g). Filtratet ble fordampet til tørrhet og til slutt underkastet redusert trykk ved 50°C for å fjerne overskudd av fenylisocyanat. Residuet (70 g) var det ønskede pyrofosfat i form av en fargeløs til svak gul væske. Det infrarød spektrum til produktet (i CHCl^) utviste ingen bånd som er karakteristisk for P-OH bindinger men hadde et sterkt bånd ved 94 0 cm<->^ som er karakteristisk for P-O-P bindinger. Hooker Chemical Company) and 60 g of phenyl isocyanate were introduced into a dry flask equipped with a stirrer, cooler and drying tube, and the flask was immersed in an oil bath that had previously been heated to 80°C, and the contents of the flask were stirred while the temperature of the oil bath slowly was raised to 115°C. Carbon dioxide was developed over a period of approx. 1 hour. When the evolution of carbon dioxide had subsided, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with 100 ml of chloroform. The resulting mixture was filtered and the solid material collected (24.8 g of N,N'-diphenylurea) was washed with chloroform. The combined filtrate and washings were concentrated on a rotary evaporator at a bath temperature of 50°C. When most of the solvent was evaporated, crystals of N,N1,N"-triphenyl biuret separated and evaporation was interrupted to filter this solid (6.6 g). The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and finally subjected to reduced pressure at 50° C to remove excess phenyl isocyanate. The residue (70 g) was the desired pyrophosphate as a colorless to slightly yellow liquid. The infrared spectrum of the product (in CHCl^) showed no bands characteristic of P-OH bonds but had a strong band at 94 0 cm<->^ which is characteristic of P-O-P bonds.
FREMSTILLING 2 MANUFACTURE 2
Fremstilling av pyrofosfat fra lauryl- surt fosfat Production of pyrophosphate from lauryl acid phosphate
Totalt 70 g lauryl-surt fosfat (samme utgangsmateriale som anvendt i fremstilling 1) ble innført i én kolbe utstyrt med rører, tilbakeløpskjøler og gassinnløp, og ble oppvarmet under nitrogen til~65-75°C inntil innholdet smeltet. Smeiten ble omrørt mens en langsom strøm av fosgen ble ført inn i totalt 2,5 time. Temperaturen ble opprettholdt innen det ovenfor angitte område under tilsetningen. Utvikling av gass fra reaksjonsblandingen var kraftig i den første time av fosgentilsetningen, men avtok gradvis og var meget langsom ved slutten av tilsetningsperioden for fosgen. Etter at tilsetningen var fullført, ble blandingen spylt med nitrogen i 15 timer mens temperaturen ble holdt i det ovenfor angitte område. Etter dette tidsrom ble trykket i reaksjonskolben gradvis redusert til ca. 1,0 mm Hg for å fjerne gassaktig hydrogenklorid og karbondioksyd. Det erholdte viskøse residuum stivnet fullstendig ved henstand over natten. Det ble således erholdt 66 g pyrofosfat som et fast materiale som smelter gradvis ved ca. 60°C. A total of 70 g of lauryl acid phosphate (same starting material as used in preparation 1) was introduced into one flask equipped with a stirrer, reflux condenser and gas inlet, and was heated under nitrogen to ~65-75°C until the contents melted. The melt was stirred while a slow stream of phosgene was introduced for a total of 2.5 hours. The temperature was maintained within the above range during the addition. Evolution of gas from the reaction mixture was vigorous during the first hour of phosgene addition, but gradually decreased and was very slow at the end of the phosgene addition period. After the addition was complete, the mixture was purged with nitrogen for 15 hours while maintaining the temperature in the above range. After this period, the pressure in the reaction flask was gradually reduced to approx. 1.0 mm Hg to remove gaseous hydrogen chloride and carbon dioxide. The viscous residue obtained solidified completely on standing overnight. 66 g of pyrophosphate was thus obtained as a solid material which melts gradually at approx. 60°C.
FREMSTILLING 3 MANUFACTURE 3
Fremstilling av pyrofosfat fra oleyl~ surt fosfat Preparation of pyrophosphate from oleyl~ acid phosphate
En blanding av 200 g oleyl-surt fosfat (sammensatt A mixture of 200 g of oleyl acid phosphate (composite
av en blanding av 0,0-dioleyl-surt fosfat og O-monooleyl-surt fosfat som markedsført av Hooker Chemical Company) ble omsatt med 160 g fenyl isocyanat ved en temperatur på 85-90°C i 5^ time under anvendelse av prosedyren som er beskrevet i fremstilling 1. N,N'-difenylurea (68 g) ble fjernet ved filtrering etter at reaksjonsblandingen var blitt fortynnet med 200 ml kloroform. Filtratet ble konsentrert på en rotasjonsfordamper, og overskudd uomsatt fenylisocyanat ble fjernet ved destillasjon ved redusert trykk. N,N' , N"-trifenylbiuret krystallisert fra det oljeaktige residuum ved henstand ved romtemperatur. Fjerning av krystallene ved filtrering gav 196 g av et væske-produkt hvis infrarød spektrum utviste et bånd ved 94 0 cm som er karakteristisk for P-O-P bindinger med som ikke viste noen bånd karakteristisk for P-OH binding. of a mixture of 0,0-dioleyl acid phosphate and O-monooleyl acid phosphate as marketed by Hooker Chemical Company) was reacted with 160 g of phenyl isocyanate at a temperature of 85-90°C for 5^ hours using the procedure which is described in Preparation 1. N,N'-diphenylurea (68 g) was removed by filtration after the reaction mixture had been diluted with 200 ml of chloroform. The filtrate was concentrated on a rotary evaporator, and excess unreacted phenyl isocyanate was removed by distillation at reduced pressure. The N,N',N"-triphenyl biuret crystallized from the oily residue on standing at room temperature. Removal of the crystals by filtration gave 196 g of a liquid product whose infrared spectrum showed a band at 940 cm characteristic of P-O-P bonds with as did not show any bands characteristic of P-OH bonding.
FREMSTILLING 4 MANUFACTURE 4
Fremstilling av pyrofosfat fra lauryl- surt fosfat Production of pyrophosphate from lauryl acid phosphate
En løsning av 30,4 vektdeler lauryl-surt fosfat (samme utgangsmateriale som i fremstilling 1) i 21 vektdeler toluen ble innført i en tørr reaktor som på forhånd var spylt med nitrogen. Løsningen ble oppvarmet til 40°C under omrøring, ved hvilket punkt en løsning av 7,6 vektdeler polymetylen polyfenyl polyisocyanat (ekvivalent vekt = 133, funksjonalitet 2,8, inneholdende ca. 50% metylenbis(fenyl isocyanat)) i 5 vektdeler toluen ble tilsatt. Den resulterende blanding ble omrørt mens en strøm av fosgen ble innført (ca. 0,1 vektdeler pr. minutt) og temperaturen ble langsomt hevet til 80°C. Temperaturen ble holdt ved dette nivå med kontinuerlig inn-føring av fosgen inntil totalt 20 vektdeler av sistnevnte var innført. Den totale tid for fosgentilsetningen var 5 timer og 50 minutter. Reaksjonsblandingen ble oppvarmet til samme temperatur i ytterligere 4 0 minutter etter at fosgentilsetningen var fullført, før den ble oppvarmet til 90-95°C og spylt med nitrogen i 2 timer for å fjerne overskudd av fosgen. Trykket A solution of 30.4 parts by weight of lauryl acid phosphate (same starting material as in preparation 1) in 21 parts by weight of toluene was introduced into a dry reactor which had previously been flushed with nitrogen. The solution was heated to 40°C with stirring, at which point a solution of 7.6 parts by weight polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate (equivalent weight = 133, functionality 2.8, containing about 50% methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate)) in 5 parts by weight toluene was added. The resulting mixture was stirred while a stream of phosgene was introduced (about 0.1 parts by weight per minute) and the temperature was slowly raised to 80°C. The temperature was kept at this level with continuous introduction of phosgene until a total of 20 parts by weight of the latter had been introduced. The total time for the phosgene addition was 5 hours and 50 minutes. The reaction mixture was heated to the same temperature for an additional 40 minutes after the phosgene addition was complete, before being heated to 90-95°C and purged with nitrogen for 2 hours to remove excess phosgene. The pressure
i reaktoren ble deretter redusert inntil tilbakeløpskjøling in the reactor was then reduced until reflux cooling
av toluen startet, og spylingen med nitrogen ble fortsatt of toluene started, and the purge with nitrogen was continued
i ytterligere 2 timer. Toluenet ble deretter fjernet ved destillasjon under redusert trykk, de siste spor ble fjernet for another 2 hours. The toluene was then removed by distillation under reduced pressure, the last traces being removed
i vakuum. Residuet ble avkjølt til romtemperatur, behandlet med diatoméjord (Celitt 545) og filtrert etter omrøring i 30 minutter. Det ble således erholdt 23,7 vektdeler av en blanding av laurylpyrofosfat og polymetylen polyfenyl polyisocyanat som ble funnet å inneholde 6,08% vekt% fosfor. in vacuum. The residue was cooled to room temperature, treated with diatomaceous earth (Celitt 545) and filtered after stirring for 30 minutes. 23.7 parts by weight of a mixture of lauryl pyrophosphate and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate were thus obtained, which was found to contain 6.08% by weight of phosphorus.
FREMSTILLING 5 MANUFACTURE 5
Ytterligere fremstilling av pyrofosfat fra lauryl- surt fosfat Further production of pyrophosphate from lauryl acid phosphate
Under anvendelse av den prosedyre som er beskrevet Using the procedure described
i fremstilling 4 men ved å erstatte polymetylen-polyfenyl-polyisocyanat ble med en ekvivalent mengde (6,8 vektdeler) fenylisocyanat, ble det erholdt en ytterligere sats av lauryl-pyrof osf at . in preparation 4, but by replacing the polymethylene-polyphenyl-polyisocyanate with an equivalent amount (6.8 parts by weight) of phenyl isocyanate, a further batch of lauryl-pyrophosphate was obtained.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
En serie av prøver av trepartikkelplater ble fremstilt under anvendelse av den etterfølgende prosedyre fra de komponenter og mengder av komponenter (alle på vektbasis) som er vist i etterfølgende tabell 1. A series of particleboard samples were prepared using the following procedure from the components and amounts of components (all on a weight basis) shown in Table 1 below.
Treflis ("Turner shavings") ble anbrakt i en rota-sjonsblandetrommel, og trommelen ble rotert med partiklene ble sprøytet med en vandig emulsjon av polyisocyanatet, vann, fosfat og emulgeringsmiddel. Emulsjonen var fremstilt ved blanding av komponentene under anvendelse av en Turrex-blander. Den resulterende emulsjon ble sprøytet med en malingssprøyte-pistol på trepartiklene mens disse ble tromlet i 45-120 sekunder for å oppnå homogenitet. De belagte partikler ble formet til en filtet matte på en 30,5 x 30,5 cm kaldvalset stålplate ved hjelp av en finerramme. Etter fjerning av formerammen ble stålstaver med en tykkelse svarende til den ønskede tykkelse (0,63 cm) på den sluttlige partikkelplate anbrakt langs to motstående kanter av den ovenfor angitte stålplate, Wood shavings ("Turner shavings") were placed in a rotary mixing drum, and the drum was rotated with the particles being sprayed with an aqueous emulsion of the polyisocyanate, water, phosphate and emulsifier. The emulsion was prepared by mixing the components using a Turrex mixer. The resulting emulsion was sprayed with a paint spray gun onto the wood particles while they were tumbled for 45-120 seconds to achieve homogeneity. The coated particles were formed into a felt mat on a 30.5 x 30.5 cm cold-rolled steel plate using a veneer frame. After removal of the mold frame, steel rods with a thickness corresponding to the desired thickness (0.63 cm) of the final particle board were placed along two opposite edges of the above-mentioned steel plate,
og en andre 30,5 x 30,5 kaltvalset stålplate ble anbrakt på toppen av matten. Hele montasjen ble deretter anbrakt på and a second 30.5 x 30.5 cold rolled steel plate was placed on top of the mat. The entire assembly was then placed on
den nedre pressplate av en Dake-presse med en kapasitet på the lower platen of a Dake press with a capacity of
4536 kg kraft. Begge pressplatene i pressen ble på forhånd 4536 kg of power. Both press plates in the press were in advance
oppvarmet til en valgt temperatur vist i tabell 1. Trykk ble deretter påført og støpetiden vist i tabell 1 ble be-regnet fra det punkt ved hvilket trykket utvist på matten nådde 35,15 kg/cm . Ved utgangen av den støpetid som er vist i tabell 1 ble trykket avspent og partikkelplaten ble tatt ut av formen. I alle tilfeller ble det funnet at uttak av formen lett kunne foretas uten tendens til at platen klebet til pressplatene med hvilke den var i kontakt. Dette står i direkte kontrast til adferden av en plate fremstilt under identiske betingelser men uten nærvær av laurylsyrefosfat i emulsjonen anvendt som bindemiddel ved fremstilling av platen. heated to a selected temperature shown in Table 1. Pressure was then applied and the casting time shown in Table 1 was calculated from the point at which the pressure exerted on the mat reached 35.15 kg/cm . At the end of the casting time shown in Table 1, the pressure was released and the particleboard was removed from the mold. In all cases it was found that removal from the mold could be easily done without a tendency for the plate to stick to the press plates with which it was in contact. This is in direct contrast to the behavior of a plate produced under identical conditions but without the presence of lauryl acid phosphate in the emulsion used as a binder in the manufacture of the plate.
De forskjellige prøver av den således fremstilte partikkelplate ble deretter underkastet en serie av fysikalske tester, og de således bestemte egenskaper er oppført i tabell 1. Disse egenskaper viser de glimrende strukturelle styrkeegenskaper til platene. The various samples of the particle board thus produced were then subjected to a series of physical tests, and the properties thus determined are listed in Table 1. These properties show the excellent structural strength properties of the boards.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
En serie av prøver av trepartikkelplater ble fremstilt under anvendelse av den prosedyre som er beskrevet i eksempel 1 under anvendelse av forskjellige komponenter og mengder (alle deler på vektbasis) som vist i etterfølgende tabell 2. Støpetiden vist i tabellen for prøvene E og F A series of wood particle board samples were prepared using the procedure described in Example 1 using different components and amounts (all parts by weight) as shown in the following Table 2. The casting time shown in the table for samples E and F
er den tid som matten holdes under trykk (35,15 kg/cm 2) is the time that the mat is kept under pressure (35.15 kg/cm 2 )
etter at den indre temperatur på matten som bestemt ved inn-føring av et termoelement) hadde nådd 54°C. Prøve G var en kontrollprøve støpt som beskrevet i eksempel 1. De fysikalske egenskaper bestemt for hver av de sluttlige partikkelplater er også vist i tabell 2 og viser de glimrende strukturelle styrker på de forskjellige prøver. Alle prøvene kunne lett tas ut av formen og utviste ingen tegn til adhering til stålplatene anvendt ved fremstilling av disse. after the internal temperature of the mat (as determined by inserting a thermocouple) had reached 54°C. Sample G was a control sample cast as described in Example 1. The physical properties determined for each of the final particleboards are also shown in Table 2 and show the excellent structural strengths of the different samples. All the samples could be easily removed from the mold and showed no signs of adhesion to the steel plates used in their manufacture.
Eksempel 3 Example 3
En serie av prøver av trepartikkelplater ble fremstilt under anvendelse av eksakt de samme reaktanter og mengder som er vist i tabell 1 og ved anvendelse av nøyaktig den samme prosedyre som er beskrevet i dette eksempel, unntatt at pressplatene i pressen ble forvarmet til 204°C og holdt ved denne temperatur under de forskjellige støpetider som er vist i etterfølgende tabell 3. De fysikaiske egenskaper til de således' fremstilte prøver er også oppført i tabell 3 og viser at disse prøver alle utviste glimrende strukturell styrke. Ingen av prøvene viste noen tendens til å adhere til støpeplatene ved fjerning av platen. A series of wood particleboard samples were prepared using exactly the same reactants and amounts shown in Table 1 and using exactly the same procedure as described in this example, except that the press plates in the press were preheated to 204°C and held at this temperature during the various casting times shown in subsequent table 3. The physical properties of the samples thus prepared are also listed in table 3 and show that these samples all exhibited excellent structural strength. None of the samples showed any tendency to adhere to the casting plates when the plate was removed.
Eksempel 4 Example 4
En serie av prøver av trepartikkelplater ble fremstilt under anvendelse av den prosedyre som er beskrevet i eksempel 1 men med variering av typen av polyisocyanat, og med anvendelse av pyrofosfatet avledet fra oleyl-surt fosfat fremstilt som beskrevet i fremstilling 3 i stedet for lauryl-surt fosfat. De forskjellige komponenter og mengder av disse A series of particleboard samples were prepared using the procedure described in Example 1 but varying the type of polyisocyanate, and using the pyrophosphate derived from oleyl acid phosphate prepared as described in Preparation 3 instead of lauryl acid phosphate. The different components and amounts of these
(alle på vektbasis) er vist i tabell 4 sammen med de fysikalske egenskaper bestemt på sluttprøvene. Tykkelsen på plateprøvene var i alle tilfeller 9,52 mm (skillestaver med egnet tykkelse ble anvendt). Ingen av prøvene utviste noen tendens til å klebe til støpeplatene ved fjerning fra formen. De fysikalske egenskaper til de forskjellige prøver viste at de alle utviste glimrende strukturell styrke. (all on a weight basis) are shown in Table 4 together with the physical properties determined on the final tests. The thickness of the plate samples was in all cases 9.52 mm (separators of suitable thickness were used). None of the samples showed any tendency to stick to the casting plates when removed from the mold. The physical properties of the various samples showed that they all exhibited excellent structural strength.
Eksempel 5 Example 5
Dette eksempel illustrerer fremstilling av partikkelplater ifølge oppfinnelsen under anvendelse av en bindemiddel-komposisjon i hvilken intet fremmed emulgeringsmiddel er til stede, og hvor polyisocyanatet anvendes bart, dvs. ikke i form av en vandig emulsjon. This example illustrates the production of particle boards according to the invention using a binder composition in which no extraneous emulsifier is present, and where the polyisocyanate is used bare, i.e. not in the form of an aqueous emulsion.
En serie av prøver av trepartikkelplater ble fremstilt under anvendelse av de forskjellige komponenter og mengder (alle på vektbasis) som er vist i tabell 5 og under anvendelse av den prosedyre som er beskrevet i eksempel 1 med det unntak at trepartiklene først ble sprøytet med den angitte mengde vann og deretter sprøytet med en blanding av polyisocyanatet og fosfatslippmidlet. De fysikalske egenskaper bestemt for hver av de fremstilte partikkelplater er også vist i tabell 5 og viser den glimrende strukturstyrke på de forskjellige prøver. Alle prøvene kunne lett tas ut av formen og viste ingen tegn til adhering til stålplatene som ble anvendt ved fremstilling av disse. A series of wood particle board samples were prepared using the various components and amounts (all by weight) shown in Table 5 and using the procedure described in Example 1 except that the wood particles were first sprayed with the indicated amount of water and then sprayed with a mixture of the polyisocyanate and the phosphate release agent. The physical properties determined for each of the manufactured particle boards are also shown in table 5 and show the excellent structural strength of the different samples. All the samples could be easily removed from the mold and showed no signs of adhesion to the steel plates used in their manufacture.
Eksempel 6 Example 6
Dette eksempel illustrerer fremstilling av trepartikkelplater ved fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen fra "wafer"-flis med varierende dimensjoner så stort som 5,08 x 5,08 x 0,07 9 cm og levert fra Weldwood of Canada, Ltd. This example illustrates the manufacture of wood particle boards by the method of the invention from "wafer" chips of varying dimensions as large as 5.08 x 5.08 x 0.079 cm and supplied by Weldwood of Canada, Ltd.
Intet fremmed vann eller emulgeringsmiddel ble anvendt, og polyisocyanatet og fosfatslippmidlet ble anvendt bart. No extraneous water or emulsifier was used, and the polyisocyanate and phosphate release agent were used bare.
En serie av prøver av partikkelplater fra Wafer-flis ble fremstilt under anvendelse av de forskjellige komponenter og mengder (alle på vektbasis) som er vist i tabell 6 og under anvendelse av den prosedyre som er beskrevet i eksempel 1 med det unntak at trepartiklene ble sprøytet med en blanding av polyisocyanatet og fosfatslippmidlet og ikke med en vandig emulsjon som i eksempel 1, og at aluminium støpeplate ble anvendt. Alle prøvene kunne lett tas ut av formen og viste ingen tegn til adhering til aluminiumplaten anvendt ved fremstilling av disse. De glimrende struktur-styrkeegenskapene til de resulterende partikkelplater, som vist ved høy bruddmodul er angitt i tabell 6, sammenliknet med den lave verdi for denne verdi for denne parameter (175,75 kg/cm ) bestemt på en kommersielt tilgjengelig plate og fremstilt fra samme type "wafer"-flis under anvendelse av fenol-formaldehyd harpiksbindemiddel. A series of wafer chip particleboard samples were prepared using the various components and amounts (all by weight) shown in Table 6 and using the procedure described in Example 1 except that the wood particles were sprayed with a mixture of the polyisocyanate and the phosphate release agent and not with an aqueous emulsion as in example 1, and that aluminum casting plate was used. All the samples could be easily removed from the mold and showed no signs of adhesion to the aluminum sheet used in their manufacture. The excellent structural strength properties of the resulting particleboards, as shown by high modulus of rupture are listed in Table 6, compared to the low value for this value for this parameter (175.75 kg/cm ) determined on a commercially available board and manufactured from the same type "wafer" chip using phenol-formaldehyde resin binder.
Eksempel 7 Example 7
Dette eksempel illustrerer fremstilling av en serie partikkelplater under anvendelse av polyisocyanat-bindemidler i kombinasjon med forskjellige kommersielt tilgjengelige fosfater i mengde svarende til ca. 0,7% vekt% fosfor i bindemiddelharpiks-kombinasjonen. This example illustrates the production of a series of particle boards using polyisocyanate binders in combination with various commercially available phosphates in an amount corresponding to approx. 0.7% wt% phosphorus in the binder resin combination.
De forskjellige prøver ble fremstilt under anvendelse av forskjellige komponenter og mengder (alle på vektbasis) som vist i tabell 7 og under anvendelse av den prosedyre som er beskrevet i eksempel 1 med det unntak at intet emulgeringsmiddel ble anvendt, og at vannet ble sprøytet først på flisene, etterfulgt av isocyanatet blandet med slippmidlet. Alle prøvene kunne lett tas ut av formen og viste ingen tegn til adhering til stålplaten anvendt ved fremstilling av disse. I motsetning til dette viste en kontrollplate fremstilt på nøyaktig samme måte men under utelatelse av bruk av fosfatslippmiddel, adhering til stålplaten anvendt ved fremstilling av denne, og kunne ikke tas ut av formen uten skade på platens overflate. The various samples were prepared using different components and amounts (all on a weight basis) as shown in Table 7 and using the procedure described in Example 1 with the exception that no emulsifier was used and that the water was sprayed first on the tiles, followed by the isocyanate mixed with the release agent. All the samples could be easily removed from the mold and showed no signs of adhesion to the steel plate used in their manufacture. In contrast, a control plate produced in exactly the same manner but omitting the use of a phosphate release agent showed adhesion to the steel plate used in its manufacture, and could not be removed from the mold without damage to the plate's surface.
Eksempel 8 Example 8
En ytterligere serie av partikkelplateprøver ble fremstilt under anvendelse av samme fosfatslippmidler og prosedyre som ble anvendt i eksempel 7 men ved lavere kon-sentrasjonsgrader i bindemiddelharpiks-kombinasjon. De forskjellige komponenter og mengdene derav (alle på vektbasis) A further series of particle board samples were prepared using the same phosphate release agents and procedure as used in Example 7 but at lower concentration levels in the binder resin combination. The various components and their quantities (all on a weight basis)
er vist i tabell 8 sammen med de fysikalske egenskaper bestemt på enkelte av prøvene. Alle prøvene kunne tas ut av formen uten skade på platen eller tydelig adhesjon til støpeplatene. Prøvene fremstilt under anvendelse av høyere konsentrasjoner av høyere konsentrasjoner av fosfatslippmiddel gled ut fra formplatene, mens enkelte av de som ble fremstilt under anvendelse av de lavere konsentrasjoner av fosfatslippmiddel are shown in table 8 together with the physical properties determined on some of the samples. All the samples could be removed from the mold without damage to the plate or obvious adhesion to the casting plates. The samples prepared using higher concentrations of higher concentrations of phosphate release agent slipped from the mold plates, while some of those prepared using the lower concentrations of phosphate release agent
(00, QQ, og UU) krevet assistanse, for å bevirke frigivelse. Alle prøver hadde en tykkelse på 12,7 mm på den sluttlige plate. (00, QQ, and UU) required assistance, to effect release. All samples had a thickness of 12.7 mm on the final plate.
Eksempel 9 Example 9
Dette eksempel illustrerer bruk av en bindemiddelharpiks-kombinasjon i forbindelse med et This example illustrates the use of a binder-resin combination in conjunction with a
fenol-formaldehydharpiks-bindemiddel ifølge teknikkens stand. phenol-formaldehyde resin binder according to the state of the art.
Alle prøver (12,7 mm tykkelse) ble fremstilt under anvendelse av den prosedyre som er beskrevet i eksempel 1, med de unntak som er angitt i det etterfølgende, og ved anvendelse av de reaktanter og mengder (alle på vektbasis) som er angitt i tabell 9. Når det gjelder plate YY og ZZ ble fenol-formaldehydharpiksen innarbeidet i emulsjonen av isocyanatet, men når det gjelder plate AAA, ble flisene først sprøytet med den angitte mengde tilsatt vann, deretter med fenol-formaldehydharpiksen og til slutt med polyisocyanatet. Når det gjelder kontrollplate BBB ble flisene sprøytet med vann og deretter med fenol-formaldehydharpiks. Platene XX og ZZ viste ingen tydelig adhesjon til støpeplatene etter støping mens alvorlige adhesjonsproblemer oppstod når det gjelder plate YY, AAA og BBB. De fysikalske egenskaper til de forskjellige plater er også vist i tabell 9, fra hvilken det sees at egenskapene til plate XX og ZZ, begge innen oppfinnelsens ramme, er klart bedre enn de for plate YY, AAA og BBB som alle er utenfor oppfinnelsens ramme. All samples (12.7 mm thickness) were prepared using the procedure described in Example 1, with the exceptions noted below, and using the reactants and amounts (all by weight) indicated in table 9. In the case of plates YY and ZZ, the phenol-formaldehyde resin was incorporated into the emulsion of the isocyanate, but in the case of plate AAA, the tiles were first sprayed with the specified amount of added water, then with the phenol-formaldehyde resin and finally with the polyisocyanate. In the case of control board BBB, the tiles were sprayed with water and then with phenol-formaldehyde resin. Plates XX and ZZ showed no clear adhesion to the casting plates after casting, while serious adhesion problems occurred in the case of plates YY, AAA and BBB. The physical properties of the different plates are also shown in table 9, from which it can be seen that the properties of plates XX and ZZ, both within the scope of the invention, are clearly better than those of plates YY, AAA and BBB which are all outside the scope of the invention.
Eksempel 10 Example 10
En serie prøver av trepartikkelplater ble fremstilt under anvendelse av en kombinasjon av et polymethylenpolyfenyl-polyisocyanat og et surt fosfat som bindemiddel. Polyisocyanatet som ble anvendt i alle tilfeller, var polymethylenpolyfenylpoly-isocyant inneholdende ca. 48 vekt% methylenbis(fenylisocyanat) og med en isocyanatekvivalent på 134,5 og en viskositet ved 25°C på 173 centipoise. Et forskjellig syrefosfat ble anvendt i hvert tilfelle, men alle sure fosfater var blandinger av disure A series of particle board samples were prepared using a combination of a polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and an acid phosphate as a binder. The polyisocyanate used in all cases was polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate containing approx. 48% by weight of methylenebis(phenylisocyanate) and with an isocyanate equivalent of 134.5 and a viscosity at 25°C of 173 centipoise. A different acid phosphate was used in each case, but all acid phosphates were mixtures of diacids
fosfater phosphates
og monosure fosfater and monoacid phosphates
hvor R har den where R has it
betydning som er vist i tabell 10. meaning which is shown in table 10.
Fremgangsmåten for fremstilling av partikkelplateprøven i alle tilfeller var som følger: The procedure for producing the particleboard sample in all cases was as follows:
En sats på 2500 g Douglas gran-flis ble sprøytet med en blanding av 112 g av det ovenfor angitte polyisocyanat, det sure fosfat i en mengde svarende til den andel som er vist i etterføl-gende tabell 10, og 40 - 50 g Freon Ril (triklorfluormethan), under anvendelse av den prosedyre og apparatur som er beskrevet 1 eksempel 1. Da sprøytningen og tromlingen med polyisocyanat var fullført, ble en prøve (2156 g) av den behandlede flis anvendt for å fremstille en partikkelplate med tykkelse på 0,95 cm under anvendelse av den prosedyre ,som er beskrevet i eksempel 1, men under anvendelse av koldvalsede stålplater med en di-mensjon på 60,9 x 91,4 cm og dannende en ramme med innvendige dimensjoner på 47 x 76 cm. Et ark aluminiumfolie ble innført mellom hver stålplate og den tilstøtende overflate av partik-kelplatemassen. Platetemperaturen var 176°C, og presstiden var 2 1/2 minutt ved ca. 35,15 kg/cm 2 minimaltrykk i alle tilfeller. Efter at partikkelplaten sammen med aluminiumarkene i kontakt dermed var fjernet fra pressplaten, ble den relative lett-het med hvilken aluminiumsfolien kunne skilles fra partikkelplaten gradert som enten ''utmerket" (ingen resistens mot fijerning) , "god" (ingen resistens ved avtrekking av folien) eller "relativt god" (noen resistens, men kunne trekkes av uten å skade folien). A batch of 2,500 g of Douglas fir chips was sprayed with a mixture of 112 g of the above-mentioned polyisocyanate, the acid phosphate in an amount corresponding to the proportion shown in the following table 10, and 40 - 50 g of Freon Ril (trichlorofluoromethane), using the procedure and apparatus described in Example 1. When the spraying and drumming with polyisocyanate was completed, a sample (2156 g) of the treated chip was used to prepare a particle board with a thickness of 0.95 cm using the procedure described in example 1, but using cold-rolled steel plates with a dimension of 60.9 x 91.4 cm and forming a frame with internal dimensions of 47 x 76 cm. A sheet of aluminum foil was inserted between each steel plate and the adjacent surface of the particleboard mass. The plate temperature was 176°C, and the pressing time was 2 1/2 minutes at approx. 35.15 kg/cm 2 minimum pressure in all cases. After the particle board together with the aluminum sheets in contact had thus been removed from the press plate, the relative ease with which the aluminum foil could be separated from the particle board was graded as either "excellent" (no resistance to feathering), "good" (no resistance to pull-off) the foil) or "relatively good" (some resistance but could be pulled off without damaging the foil).
Eksempel 11 Example 11
Prosedyren beskrevet i eksempel 10, ble anvendt The procedure described in Example 10 was used
med unntagelse av at polyisocyanatet ble sprøytet på treflisen i en første sprøyte-- og tromleoperasjon og at den behandlede flis derefter ble sprøytet i en separat operasjon with the exception that the polyisocyanate was sprayed onto the wood chip in a first spray and drum operation and that the treated chip was then sprayed in a separate operation
med 15,27 g bis-2-ethylhexylpyrofosforsyre with 15.27 g of bis-2-ethylhexyl pyrophosphoric acid
R = 2-ethylhexyl] i 50 g Freon Ril. Den resulterende partikkelplate utviste en frigivelse av aluminiumsfolien som ble gradert "utmerket". R = 2-ethylhexyl] in 50 g Freon Ril. The resulting particleboard exhibited a release of the aluminum foil that was graded "excellent".
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US94720978A | 1978-09-29 | 1978-09-29 | |
| US3564779A | 1979-05-03 | 1979-05-03 |
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| NO793118L NO793118L (en) | 1980-04-01 |
| NO151790B true NO151790B (en) | 1985-02-25 |
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| NO793118A NO151790C (en) | 1978-09-29 | 1979-09-28 | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF PARTICLE PLATES USING POLYISOCYANATE BINDING AND PHOSPHATE |
| NO843116A NO154059C (en) | 1978-09-29 | 1984-08-02 | STORAGE STABLE MIXTURE FOR USE IN MANUFACTURE OF PARTICLE PLATES. |
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| NO843116A NO154059C (en) | 1978-09-29 | 1984-08-02 | STORAGE STABLE MIXTURE FOR USE IN MANUFACTURE OF PARTICLE PLATES. |
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| AT (1) | AT380025B (en) |
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| US4258169A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1981-03-24 | The Upjohn Company | Polyisocyanate compositions containing in-situ formed pyrophosphate mold release agent and process of making |
| US4257996A (en) * | 1980-04-14 | 1981-03-24 | The Upjohn Company | Process for preparing particle board and polyisocyanate-phosphorus compound release agent composition therefor |
| US4388138A (en) | 1980-08-11 | 1983-06-14 | Imperial Chemical Industries Limited | Preparing particleboard utilizing a vegetable wax or derivative and polyisocyanate as a release agent on metal press parts |
| US4352696A (en) * | 1981-03-30 | 1982-10-05 | The Upjohn Company | Process and composition |
| US4528154A (en) * | 1983-06-15 | 1985-07-09 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Preparation of molded lignocellulosic compositions using an emulsifiable polyisocyanate binder and an emulsifiable carboxy functional siloxane internal release agent |
| DK0389201T3 (en) * | 1989-03-20 | 1994-03-28 | Medite Europ | Apparatus and method for making synthetic sheets, including fire retardant sheets |
| US5200267A (en) * | 1989-03-20 | 1993-04-06 | Medite Corporation | Fire-retardant synthretic board product |
| DE4312564A1 (en) * | 1993-04-17 | 1994-11-10 | Glunz Ag | Process for the production of fiberboard |
| DE4436981A1 (en) * | 1994-10-06 | 1996-04-11 | Hartmut Faerber | Lightweight moulded thermal insulation made from renewable resources |
| FR2745577B1 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 2004-09-24 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | ISOCYANATE-BASED COMPOSITIONS, THEIR METHOD OF USE THEIR USE TO MAKE COATINGS AND COATINGS SO OBTAINED |
| KR20010088785A (en) * | 1998-07-27 | 2001-09-28 | 추후제출 | Low Diisocyanate Content Polymeric MDI-containing Binders for Fiberboard Manufacture |
| AU3960701A (en) | 1999-12-23 | 2001-07-03 | Sorin Cezar Cosofret | Composition functioning as a binding agent and as a combat factor against ascensional humidity in building and method to apply |
| AU2003234060A1 (en) * | 2003-05-14 | 2004-12-03 | Eco New Technology Llc | Method and machine for manufacturing a panel element and element so carried out |
| DE10335577A1 (en) * | 2003-07-31 | 2005-02-24 | Röhm GmbH & Co. KG | Di- and mono-(trialkylammonium) mono- and di-alkyl-phosphates are used as release agent in bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate mixtures in casting cell |
| DE102009047764A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2011-06-16 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Release agent and use for the production of composite moldings |
| DE102010031376A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 | 2012-01-19 | Evonik Goldschmidt Gmbh | Process for the production of moldings from cellulose-containing materials |
| CN109790269B (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2022-06-14 | 旭化成株式会社 | Isocyanate composition, method for producing isocyanate composition, and method for producing isocyanate polymer |
| TW201829516A (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2018-08-16 | 日商旭化成股份有限公司 | Isocyanate composition and method for producing isocyanate polymer |
| US20230174703A1 (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2023-06-08 | Huntsman International Llc | A binder composition |
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| US3151016A (en) * | 1962-07-13 | 1964-09-29 | Interchem Corp | Method of making pressed fiber board |
| DE2325926C2 (en) * | 1973-05-22 | 1990-08-02 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Process for the production of materials containing lignocellulose |
| US4024088A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1977-05-17 | Union Carbide Corporation | Compositions and methods useful in forming polyether polyurethanes having release properties |
| JPS5339338A (en) * | 1976-09-21 | 1978-04-11 | Sakai Chem Ind Co Ltd | Resin composition |
| JPS565147A (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-01-20 | Satake Eng Co Ltd | Temperature controller for cereal grain cooling system |
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- 1979-08-27 IE IE1635/79A patent/IE48542B1/en unknown
- 1979-08-28 GB GB7929826A patent/GB2031914B/en not_active Expired
- 1979-08-30 BR BR7905566A patent/BR7905566A/en unknown
- 1979-09-01 GR GR59948A patent/GR75068B/el unknown
- 1979-09-03 NZ NZ191460A patent/NZ191460A/en unknown
- 1979-09-07 PH PH23015A patent/PH15039A/en unknown
- 1979-09-11 AR AR278018A patent/AR221104A1/en active
- 1979-09-13 PT PT70173A patent/PT70173A/en unknown
- 1979-09-14 FI FI792872A patent/FI68648C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-24 DD DD79215754A patent/DD147339A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-25 AU AU51164/79A patent/AU527595B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1979-09-27 IT IT50386/79A patent/IT1164116B/en active
- 1979-09-28 SE SE7908062A patent/SE433855B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-28 HU HU79UO163A patent/HU183031B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1979-09-28 CS CS803360A patent/CS221525B2/en unknown
- 1979-09-28 NO NO793118A patent/NO151790C/en unknown
- 1979-09-28 CS CS796601A patent/CS221524B2/en unknown
- 1979-09-28 FR FR7924235A patent/FR2437292A1/en active Granted
- 1979-09-28 DK DK409379A patent/DK150195C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1981
- 1981-06-11 PH PH25761A patent/PH15597A/en unknown
-
1984
- 1984-08-02 NO NO843116A patent/NO154059C/en unknown
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