NO147712B - OF MULTIPLE SUMMARY ELEMENTS COMPOSITION OF PLASTIC LOADS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a plastic pallet composed of several joined elements, including a load-bearing upper deck, support legs with engagement openings for forklift arms arranged between them and a lower structure, including a deck or screed, in which at least the upper deck or the lower construction is provided with outer profile carriers whose inward facing sides are connected to each other by means of an insert and include an upper flange and a lower flange connected by an intermediate step to form an outwardly closed and inwardly open profile which is completed by means of the insert into a along its circumference closed, first profile, from which the buttresses extend.

In the case of a known such pallet (German publication document no. 2,403,374), the "first" hollow profile in particular contributes to achieving such pallet stiffness that the pallet can be approved by the German and Japanese testing of plastic pallets. Furthermore, you can get a complete and, as desired, rounded or chamfered surface at the perimeter of the pallet and around the individual support legs. With the known pallet, the first hollow profiles are used as a hollow profile frame for the pallet, which frame consists of several building elements that can be placed laterally on the prefabricated insert. Parallel to each longitudinal edge of the pallet will run two "first" hollow profiles in the frame area. In this well-known pallet, no hollow profile has been designed in the insert.

The purpose of the present invention is to increase the transverse stiffness of a pallet of this type.

The purpose is achieved according to the invention in that the insert is designed with at least one closed along its circumference, second hollow profile which is arranged in, at least the upper deck or the lower structure, where the insert also includes at least two arranged next to each other and interconnected intermediate pieces, of which at least one forms a profile closed to the outside and open to the other intermediate piece, which is completed with the help of the second intermediate piece to form the second hollow profile. Such a "second" hollow profile suitably extends at a distance from and parallel to or at least partially parallel to the two two outer profile carriers. The hollow profile can possibly also extend across these, e.g. perpendicular to the two outer profile supports or diagonally between the corners of the pallet.

The "second" hollow profile or several of these "other" hollow profiles can be provided in the insert by using a side table as a building element in the mold during its prefabrication, which is retracted laterally when the mold is removed. When producing a single "second" hollow profile using two opposite side tables in this way from the two outer ends of the "second" hollow profile, you need side tables that have half the transverse dimension of the pallet to be produced. A closing of the "second" hollow profile at its ends can possibly be done in an additional work step, also with the use of a cover part. The relatively complicated production is offset by the advantage that the respective "second" hollow profile can be produced in advance as a single prefabricated building element so that there is no need for connection zones between different prefabricated building elements.

Preferably, however, it is ensured that the respective "second" hollow profile in the same way as the "first" hollow profile at the edge of the pallet is made of several, in particular of two, prefabricated building elements which in the connection zone together form the respective "second" hollow profile. This offers the advantage that the building elements of the insert can be produced in relatively small machines, which are often already available. In addition, the complementary parts of the "second" hollow profile can be designed in advance so that this is also closed at the end already during the original design. One only needs to provide a profile for one of these building elements which is laterally open to another building element, but is otherwise closed. The construction of the form will also be relatively simple, as very short retractable side tables are sufficient. The connection between several such building elements in the insert is not particularly problematic with current technology, even if the connection between several building elements represents an additional work step.

It is possible to build up the insert between the two lateral profile carriers by two intermediate pieces lying next to each other, one side of which is connected to a respective outer profile carrier and forms a "second" hollow profile with ribs and other in the connection zone. Between the two outer profile carriers, you can also arrange a series of more than two intermediate steps which then form a "second" hollow profile around the connection zone,

Likewise, it is possible to arrange an inner profile carrier between respective spacers arranged on an outer profile carrier, the profile carrier together with at least one of the adjacent spacers connected to it forming a "second" hollow profile. The intermediate piece arranged on the other side of the inner profile carrier can contribute to the formation of the "second" hollow profile, but does not necessarily need to do so. Also when using an inner profile carrier for the achievement of the "second" hollow profile, the device can be doubled, for example between the two outer profile carriers a series of intermediate pieces, inner profile carriers, intermediate pieces, inner profile carriers, intermediate pieces with two or more inner profile carriers are arranged , which in pairs or three and three contribute to the formation of a respective "second" hollow profile.

Preferably, the latter option ensures that the inner profile carrier on both sides of its intermediate step forms a respective side-open profile together with the upper and lower belt, which profile is closed to form a "second" hollow profile of the connecting intermediate piece. In this way, next to the two intermediate steps in the inner profile carrier, together with the intermediate pieces adjoining on both sides, you will even get a pair of "other" hollow profiles lying next to each other and possibly, but not necessarily, completely separated from each other by the intermediate step.

As long as the aim is only to increase the pallet's buoyancy, you can forego support legs in the insert or possibly also use intermediate pieces. Preferably, however, at least one support leg for the insert extending from the "second" hollow profile is arranged to repel the load resting on the insert. These support legs can be arranged at the edge of the pallet not formed by the outer profile carriers and/or further inside the insert, e.g. directly in the center of the pallet or offset in pairs towards this centre.

It is in and of itself possible to manufacture the stud legs in a known manner with sufficient bearing strength as separate building elements and to connect these with the building element(s) that form the "second" hollow profile. Advantageously, however, the support leg of the insert is made as an integral part of the building element(s) that form the "second" hollow profile, so that it is produced at the same time as the building elements are formed.

A good compromise between support capacity and low material consumption is achieved if the support leg of the insert forms a closed profile along its circumference and runs vertically through the "other" hollow profile. This continuous support leg can be designed on an internal profile carrier, but can also be designed complementarily of two adjacent building elements, such as two intermediate parts or even three or more adjacent building elements, such as two intermediate parts and a profile carrier arranged between them.

The through arrangement of the support leg is distinguished by the fact that the two end sides of the support leg are open, if no special measures have been taken to close them. The open profile of the support leg can, in the case of the upper deck, together with internal vertical reinforcement steps, contribute in the desired way to increasing the slip resistance of the upper deck's surface.

Many times it will be desirable for the end sides of the support leg to be closed. For this purpose, but also for the design of open support leg ends, one can appropriately ensure that the support leg of the insert forms a closed hollow profile along its circumference where complementary connected circumferential areas are extended into one with complementary parts of the other hollow profile. Here, the contour of the inner support leg can be achieved differently than with the continuous arrangement in the aforementioned alternative by means of short retractable side tables in the mold for manufacturing the building element in question and possibly also ensure the one-sided closure of the support leg during shaping.

For the formation of grids known in and of themselves on the outer sides of the respective deck, which grids reduce the sliding ability of the plastic, the parts of the deck formed by the intermediate pieces can have beeswax-like or cross-lattice-like arranged vertical steps which can possibly be reinforced in a suitable known manner and at the same time together with a circling edge steps contribute to the closure of the respective adjacent "first" or "second" hollow profile. The "other" hollow profiles give the new pallet extra rigidity in one pallet direction. According to the invention, in order to obtain a corresponding stiffness in a transverse direction, at least

one along its circumference closed "third" hollow profile which passes through the insert across the "other" hollow profiles. This "third" hollow profile is, when perpendicular to or across the outer profile carriers, preferably closed at the end with the outer profile carriers. The "third" hollow profiles are preferably used

for transverse bracing between the outer profile supports and then goes in

at right angles to these or diagonally in the pallet. However, they can also go with a distance between the outer profile carriers, when the "other" hollow profiles run across the outer profile carriers.

Such a "third" hollow profile can also be shaped into the insert or its building elements in advance by means of retractable side tables. You will then be able to manage with relatively short side tables when the insert consists of several building elements, such as several intermediate parts, possibly also at least one internal profile carrier, and the respective "third" hollow profile can be designed in sections specially in the various building elements.

By using the "second" hollow profiles, preferably also the "third" hollow profiles, it is also possible to avoid a build-up of a hollow profile frame of specially produced profile carriers which are closed on the inside, as is the case with the known pallet mentioned at the outset. The completion of the outer profile supports at these transversely running outer edges of the pallet can be done by the execution of an inset designed "third" hole

profile, which hollow profile e.g. extends across a middle between the "first" hollow profiles continuing "second" hollow profile. However, this does not preclude the possibility of building up a revolving frame of profile carriers with a pallet according to the invention. The aforementioned preferred solution, however, enables a frame pallet with fewer connection zones than hitherto, e.g. in a minimum case with only two connection zones between an outer profile carrier and the insert as well as between this and the "second" outer profile carrier, while for the formation of the "third" hollow profile no further connection zones to adjacent building elements are necessary. Also when a "second" hollow profile between at least two building elements in the insert is designed complementary to these, one can, in relation to the known pallet with around the

running profile carriers save one or two connection zones,

depending on whether you use an internal profile carrier or simply put two intermediate pieces against each other to form a "second" hollow profile.

The "third" hollow profiles cannot, however, be used for filling in a hollow profile frame, but can alternatively or in connection with this serve to provide intermediate stiffeners in the pallet by means of "third" hollow profiles.

Such a hollow profile can, for example, continue between the middle parts

to the two outer profile carriers or there may be more arranged at equal distances in relation to this middle section placed "third" hollow profiles. Also with the latter arrangement of the hollow profiles, hollow profiles can alternatively be designed analogously to the "second" hollow profile between adjacent building elements.

The structure of the new pallet can be used both for single-deck pallets, where only an upper deck rests on support legs,

as well as for double deck pallets and especially also for milking pallets. The latter can even, if necessary, be braced in the upper deck using "second" or possibly "third" hollow profiles - especially frame-shaped and with constantly crossing additional bracing -, without lateral profile carriers preventing penetration along the screeds. According to the invention, it is also possible to provide a double-deck pallet with wide recesses for passing through the wheels of a fork-lift truck, in which pallet the lack of material stiffening in the wide recesses in the lower deck is compensated for by these recesses being surrounded by the one of the "first", " second", "third" hollow profiles formed part frame.

Appropriately, the intermediate pieces and/or the inner profile carrier are extended in one over the entire height. The intermediate pieces do not need to be extended as one along the profile carrier. Instead, especially when you only have smaller shapes at your disposal, several intermediate pieces can join each other in the longitudinal direction of the outer profile carrier. One can thereby, without any necessity, use continuous outer and possibly inner profile carriers.

The new pallet, which e.g. may consist of polyethylene

or polypropylene, is usually made from solid spray-on material. However, the invention is not limited to a specific manufacturing method. Thus, for example, you can also use

injection molded goods or a blowing method, or also foamed plastics. It is also possible to supply the material with inserts in a manner known per se. The inventive feature which entails that the "first", "second" and/or "third" hollow profiles should be closed along their circumference does not preclude the existence of certain breakthroughs which do not significantly affect the function of the new pallet. Different known methods can be used to connect the prefabricated building elements in the new pallet, such as profile carrier (external and possibly internal), intermediate pieces and possibly specially manufactured support feet. For the new pallet, mirror welding is preferred. However, you can also use other welding methods or gluing methods and/or mechanical connections between the building elements. The term "external" profile carrier does not exclude the possibility that additional building elements can be attached to the outside of these outer profile carriers.

The invention shall be explained in more detail with reference to the following schematic drawings where fig. 1 shows a view of a double deck pallet seen obliquely from above, where the upper deck and lower deck have essentially the same design,

fig. 2 shows a view obliquely from above of a double-decker pallet, in which the lower deck has wide recesses for carrying out

the wheels of a forklift truck,

fig. 3 shows an oblique view from above of a milking pallet,

fig. 4 shows a ground plan of a single-deck, double-deck or scraping pallet with a design of the top deck as in fig. 1

in a four-part version, with the parts pulled apart, fig. 5 also shows a floor plan of a single-deck, double-deck or scraping pallet with a design of the upper deck as in

fig. 3 in a six-part version,

fig. 6 likewise shows a ground plan of a single-deck, double-deck,

or milking pallet with a design of the cover as in

fig. 3, in a seven-part version,

fig. 7 likewise shows a single-deck, double-deck or milking pallet where the top deck is a mixture of the design shown in fig. 1, respectively 2 and 3, in a five-part version,

fig. 8a shows a plan of the intermediate piece in fig. 4,

fig. 8b shows a side view of the intermediate piece in fig. 8a with a half-

section along the line A-A in fig. 8a, where with fully drawn lines the embodiment according to fig. 2 is shown, while dashed lines show the embodiment according to fig.

1, fig. 8c shows a view of the middle part in fig. 8a, seen from below

for an embodiment according to fig. 2,

fig. 8d shows an end view of the intermediate piece according to fig. 8a, as well as for the embodiment according to fig. 1 as for the one according to fig. 2,

fig.8e shows a section along the line B-B in fig. 8c,

fig. 9a shows a plan of an intermediate piece according to fig. 5,

which finds analogous application in fig. 6 with slightly narrower

foot part,

fig.9b shows a side view of the intermediate piece in fig. 9a in a half section along the line C-C in fig. 9a for a milking pallet as follows

fig- 3,

fig.9c shows an end view of the intermediate piece in fig. 9a in the embodiment according to fig. 9b for a mowing pallet, fig. 10a shows a plan of an intermediate piece according to fig. 7, fig. 10b shows a side view of the intermediate piece according to fig. 10a with a half section along the line D-D in fig. 10a, with solid lines showing the embodiment according to fig. 2 and

dashed lines show the embodiment according to fig. 1, fig. 10c shows a view from below of the intermediate piece according to fig.

10a for the embodiment according to fig. 2,

fig.10d shows an end view of the intermediate piece according to fig.10a, both for the embodiment according to fig. 1 as for the one according to fig. 2,

fig.10e shows a section along the line E-E in fig. 10c,

fig.Ila shows a side view seen from the inside of an outer profile carrier according to fig. 4 or alternatively a view both from one and from the other side of an inner profile carrier

according to fig. 7,

fig.11b shows a plan of the inner profile carrier according to fig. 7 or alternatively with simple modification of the rounding at the end sides analogously for the profile carrier

according to fig. 4,

fig. lic shows a section along the line F-F in fig. 11b,

fig.Ild shows a section along the line G-G in fig. 11b for an interior

profile carrier,

fig.Ile shows a section as in fig. Fire after the line G-G for

the modification in fig. 11b as outer profile carrier,

fig. 12a shows a plan of an outer profile carrier according to fig.

5-7,

fig.12b shows a side view of the outer profile carrier according to fig.

12a with a half section along the line H-H in fig. 12a,

Fig. 13a shows a plan of an internal profile carrier according to

fig. 6 and

fig.13b shows a side view of this inner profile carrier from both sides, the scale in fig.8a - 13b being larger than that chosen in fig. 1-7.

The three embodiments of a pallet shown in fig.

1. in the center of the pallet, see also fig. 8b, lia and 13b.

The support legs 3 form engagement openings 8 between each other for fork lift arms, not shown. All the embodiments in fig. 1 - 3 are designed as so-called two-way pallets, where engagement openings 8 are arranged on all four sides of the square pallet. However, the pallets can also be extended so that they have a rectangular shape deviating from the square shape, or/and they can be designed as one-way pallets.

There may also be more or less than two access openings per pallet side.

In fig. 1 and 2 show respective double deck pallets, where a lower deck 9 is arranged under the support legs 3. This lower deck has in fig. 1 essentially the same structure as the upper deck 1. It is possible to make the upper deck 1 and the lower deck 9 identical, so that the pallet can be used on both sides. However, one can also adapt the upper deck to its special function as a load-bearing deck and correspondingly adapt the lower deck to its special function as a supporting deck. For example, you can ensure that the upper deck and lower deck have different heights, in particular that the upper deck has a greater height than the lower deck.

Fig. 2 shows a pallet where the embodiment in fig. 1 with an otherwise similar structure has been modified so that there are four wide recesses 10 for the passage of the wheels of a fork-lift truck, not shown, between an outer frame part in the lower deck and a central cross which is arranged in the frame part. These recesses are in this case right-angled, but they can also have other outline lines.

Instead of a lower deck 9, as shown in fig. 3 the lower ends of the support legs 5 be connected to the milker 12. In the embodiment example there are two outer milkers and a central or inner milker. However, you can also forego the central coulter or have a larger number of coulters lying next to each other 12.

The design examples in fig. 1, 2 and 3 can be modified in a way not shown in detail to provide a single-deck pallet, i.e. a pallet which only has an upper deck 1 and support leg 3, and therefore no lower deck 9 or bed 12.

At the engagement openings 8, the adjacent walls of the support legs and the tire or tires are appropriately rounded or chamfered so that a kind of insertion funnel for the fork lifter's arms appears. Such roundings 14 for the support legs are shown in more detail in fig. 8d, 9c, 10d and in fig. Ila and 12b. Analogous roundings 15 can be found in fig. 8b, 9b, 10b and so on.

All these pallets consist of several prefabricated building elements. As can be seen from fig. 4-7, two outer profile carriers 16 are arranged at two opposite edges of the pallet, whose inwardly directed sides are connected by means of an insert 18. This insert can be designed as one unit, but a preferred embodiment is the one shown in fig. 4, where the insert 18 is two-part, and likewise the one shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, • with a four-part insert 18, a five-part insert 18 and a three-part insert 18, respectively.

With regard to the outer profile carriers 16, it is in fig. 4 respectively in fig. 5, 6 and 7 show two different building types.

The construction of the type shown in fig. 4 is shown in more detail in fig. Ila and lie, and the construction of the type shown in fig. 5 - 7, are shown in more detail in fig. 12a and 12b.

All embodiments have in common that the outer profile carrier 16 is extended in one over the entire height. An upper belt 20 and a lower belt 22 are arranged in the upper deck as well as in the lower deck or in the hatches, which essentially run horizontally and are connected to each other by means of an intermediate step 24 arranged at the outer edge of the pallet, so that a against the effort open profile.

The intermediate step 24 is closed along the entire edge of the tire or the saw and thereby continues in the area of the engagement openings 8 with the rounding 15.

The "first" and "second" support legs arranged at the outer profile carrier 16 can be arranged in two different ways.

In both cases, the support leg forms a closed hollow profile along its circumference. In the embodiment in fig. 1, 2 and 4 braced by means of mutually intersecting vertical intermediate walls 26, which pass through the stbtte footing 4 or 5

and in fig. 1, 2 and 4 are visible on the top and/or bottom of the pallet. Their vertical continuous progress between the top and bottom of the pallet can be seen particularly clearly also in fig. lic. As will be apparent from a comparison between fig. 1, 2 and

fig. 4, the number of intermediate walls running parallel to the outer edges of the pallet can be varied. Thus, with the embodiment in fig. 4 only one intermediate wall along the center line of the outer profile carrier, while in the embodiments in fig. 1 and 2 have two such partitions. The same applies to the number of partition walls standing at right angles to the outer edge of the pallet 26.

By this continuous arrangement of the stbtte feet

their overall hollow profile and bracing are uniformly designed in the outer profile carrier.

However, one can also according to fig. 3 and fig. 5-7 shape the end sides of the stud feet from the side facing the insert 18. In this case, the bracing of the support legs is formed by at least one vertical first intermediate wall 27 and/or at least one second horizontal intermediate wall 28 according to fig. 12b. It is then appropriate, as shown in this figure, to let the upper deck and possibly also the lower deck or the screeds continue unchanged also in the area of the fbttes with upper girth 20, lower girth 22 and intermediate step 24. Optionally, one can also arrange only horizontal intermediate walls 28 or only vertical intermediate walls 27 in the stbttefeet. In this case, the closed area 30 of the support legs 4 or 5 along its outward-directed circumference forms a dome-like to box-shaped open profile 37 against the insert in connection with the upper deck's lower belt 22 and the lower deck's upper belt 20. The insert 18 completes this profile 37 with its circumferential step 36 for the formation of an all-round closed leg profile. At the same time, the circumferential step 36 closes the open profile formed by the upper girth 20, the lower girth 22 and the intermediate step 24 in the respective deck or screed, so that a "first" hollow profile is formed. In this way, a respective "first" hollow profile will be formed along two edges, at least in the upper deck, possibly also in the lower deck or in the eaves. The hollow profile continues horizontally. In addition, a respective hollow profile will continue vertically in the support legs 4 or 5, and this hollow profile will, with regard to its stiffening function, continue at least along its circumference as a closed profile in the support legs. The "first" hollow profile 32 is according to fig. 12b divided into individual box-shaped sections 35 by means of vertical partitions 34. The same applies to the embodiment in fig. Ila, with regard to the outer profile carrier.

The inwardly open profile for the outer profile carrier 16 formed by the upper belt 20, the lower belt 22 and the intermediate step 24 is in all embodiments in fig. 4 - 7 suitably closed to the "first" hollow profile of a rectilinear, vertical edge strip on the insert 18. In the variant in fig. 5 - 7, for the complementary design of the profile 37 designed on the outer profile carrier 16 for the stbtte feet 4 or 5 in the insert 18, a skull-shaped to box-shaped complementary shell 38 is designed

which completes the open profile 37 for the supporting leg in question and its intermediate walls 27 and/or 38.

In this way, it is not only possible to achieve closure of the end side of the supporting legs 4 and 5 in question, but also a larger transverse dimension of the supporting legs compared to the transverse dimension of the outer profile carrier 16.

Both types of design of the support legs 4 and 5 as well

as the "first" hollow profile can be arranged according to the various construction possibilities in fig. 4-7, as these only show an appropriate, specific selection.

Within its edge strip 36, the insert is formed, at least in the upper deck 1, possibly also in a lower deck 9, in its predominantly surface area of vertical steps 40 which cross each other at right angles parallel to the edges of the pallet and thereby form a lattice structure with right-angled openings. Other opening cross-sections are also possible. The vertical steps can be extra stiffened, for example as shown in fig. 8b or 10b at the respective inner side of the upper deck 1 or the lower deck 2 to one or to both sides at right angles connect L-shaped or T-shaped, horizontal bracing steps 42. Such an already quite rigid construction, however, does not have the rigidity of a closed profile along its circumference. For further stiffening of the insert 18, at least one further hollow profile, a "second" hollow profile, can be formed from the side in a manner not shown, even with a uniform insert. Fig. 4-7, however, show various preferred possibilities for producing such a "second" hollow profile in the insert 18 complementary of two or three prefabricated building elements in the insert. An arrangement of several "other" hollow profiles next to each other can then take place by correspondingly doubling the described arrangement.

In all embodiments in fig. 4 - 7, intermediate pieces 44 are arranged which on one side include the edge strip 36 at the perimeter for complementary termination of the respective "first" hollow profile 32 and on the other side include the vertical steps 40 which form the grating.

In the structurally simplest embodiment

of fig. 4, two such intermediate parts 44 are arranged (compare particularly with fig. 8a). As shown in fig. 8b, the side profile of each intermediate part facing the second intermediate part 44 is substantially the same as the side profile facing the insert 18 of the outer profile carrier 16 described above. Here, again, between an upper belt 20 and a lower belt 22 and an outer vertical step 40 in the grating arranged a profile open to the other intermediate piece. Two similar open profiles in the two adjacent intermediate pieces together form a circumferentially closed "second" hollow profile 46 which runs along the center line of the pallet at an equal distance from the two "first" hollow profiles arranged along the edges. Optionally, one can also make the upper and lower belts 20 and 22 in the two open profiles, which form the "second" hollow profile 46, of different lengths or in an extreme case

just have such an open profile in an intermediate piece 44 and close this with an edge strip in accordance with the edge strip 36 as the "first" hollow profile ends against the outer profile carrier.

The "second" hollow profile 46 is dashed in fig. 8a, 8c and fig. 9a. The "second" hollow profile is, like the "first" hollow profile, divided into cast-shaped sections 35 by means of vertical intermediate walls 34.

In the embodiment in fig. 4, two support legs 5 arranged at the edge and a central support leg 6 pass through the "second" hollow profile 46. Hereby, two complementary parts 48 and 50 at the two intermediate parts 44 complete each other to form a support foot with the same basic structure as described in the actual embodiment example in fig. 4 with regard to the outer profile carrier 16. The footings are also internally braced here by means of mutually intersecting, vertical intermediate walls 26.

The hollow profile which is completely closed along its circumference to the supporting leg 5 on the outside is thereby completed so that the "second" hollow profile is also closed on the end side. This can be seen from fig. 8a and 8b, at 51. Analogously, the "first" hollow profile 32 is also closed at the end by means of the continuous support feet in the outer profile carriers 16.

In the insert 18, three "third" hollow profiles 52 are also designed. Two of these go in the two decks 1 and 9 between the stbttefbtter 4 arranged in the heads of the pallet in such a way that together with the "first" hollow profiles in the outer profile carriers 16 forms a hollow profile frame in the pallet. The third goes between the middle stbttefbtter 5 in the outer profile carriers 16, so that together with the "second" hollow profile 46 it forms a stiffening cross in the insert. The "third" hollow profiles are divided into box-shaped subsections 55 by means of vertical intermediate walls 54. It can be seen from fig. 8a and 8c that the central pillar foot has a greater width than the width of the "third" hollow profile.

For the wide recesses 10 in the lower deck, according to fig. 8c the hollow profiles of the first, second and third type four sub-frames between the central cross-shaped bracing and the box profile frame. All hollow profiles are thereby limited on their upper side by an upper belt 20 and on their underside limited by a lower belt 22.

The alternative embodiment in fig. 5 differs from that in fig. 4 in that, instead of two intermediate parts, four intermediate parts 44 are arranged, so that two of those in fig. 5 shown intermediate parts correspond to one in fig. 4. This embodiment is possible with an otherwise unchanged arrangement according to fig. 4. Conversely, it is also with the embodiment in fig. 5 possible to have continuous feet as in fig. 4.

In Fig. 5 it is shown that the stud feet of the "second" hollow profile can also be designed in such a way from the side, in the same way as the stud feet of the "first" hollow profile, that they are closed on the end side.

A central support foot 5 on the outer profile carrier is composed complementary of the profile support and two adjacent intermediate parts 44, while the central support foot 6 is also composed of four complementary parts of the four intermediate parts 44.

The stud feet 4 lying in the corners and the middle stud foot 5 at the edge of the insert 18 are composed of two respective complementary building elements. The internal construction of a support foot at the insert is by means of the support foot 5 in fig. 9b shown analogously to the outer profile carrier 16 in fig. 12b. It can be seen that at least one vertical intermediate wall 27 and/or at least one horizontal intermediate wall 28 can be arranged for the internal bracing of such a footing.

The modification shown in fig. 6 applies in particular to a mowing pallet, but can also be used for the others in fig. 1 and 2 showed pallet types, including a single-deck pallet. This embodiment differs from the one in fig. 5 primarily in that an inner profile carrier 58 in the form of a special prefabricated building element is arranged between the two pairs of intermediate parts 40. The structure of the profile carrier is shown in more detail in fig. 13a and 13b. In each deck, it has an upper belt 20 and a lower belt 22 which, in contrast to what is the case with the outer profile carriers 16, are connected to each other by means of a centrally arranged intermediate step 24 and are divided into several towards the connecting intermediate steps 40 open profiles by means of vertical intermediate walls 26. The formed open profiles are completed by corresponding, but here shorter dimensioned, open hollow profiles at the edge of the intermediate steps 44 to form the "second" hollow profile 46, as has already been described above in connection with fig. 5.

Between the upper and lower decks 1 and 9, respectively, the uniform and mutually complementary circumferential areas 60 extend on the support feet 5 and 6, respectively. Here, too, there is internal bracing by means of at least one vertical intermediate wall 27 and/or at least one horizontal intermediate wall 28.

With the intermediate step 24, against the intermediate pieces 40 connected to both sides of the inner profile carrier 58, two "other" hollow profiles are formed as a pair.

As shown in fig. 9c, to show the alternative according to fig. 3, the screeds 12 and the support legs 5 and 6 can be assembled from complementary parts to form a closed profile. This is also shown in section in fig. 9b. The only difference compared to the shape of the base feet consists in that in the area of the screeds 12, the complementary areas extend over the entire length of the pallet. Also, in a manner not shown in more detail, in the same way as the support legs, they can be stiffened in and of themselves by means of vertical and/or horizontal intermediate walls, see in particular the vertical intermediate walls 27 in fig. 9b.

While the "third" hollow profiles 52 arranged at the edge of the insert 18 are formed in a single intermediate piece 44 by means of side tables, the "third" hollow profile 52a formed between two intermediate pieces 44 connected along an outer profile carrier is composed of two complementary hollow profiles, analogous to the "second" hollow profile 46 in fig. 4. These complementary hollow profiles are formed as shown in fig. 9b of an upper belt 20, a lower belt 22 and an intermediate step 24. This device is not only used for mowing pallets, but conveniently also always when reaching along an outer profile carrier 16, not as in fig. 4 has a single intermediate piece 44, but several interconnected intermediate pieces, as in fig. 5 or 6.

Fig. 7 shows a mixed form of the embodiments

in fig. 4, 5 and 6.

Here, the supporting legs 4 and 5 formed by the outer profile carriers 16 are closed on the end side as in fig. 5. With regard to the more detailed structure, reference must be made here to the description of fig. 5.

In the same way as in fig. 4 it is in fig. 7 along the outer profile carrier only a single intermediate piece 40 is arranged. Analogous to fig. 6, an internal profile carrier 58 is arranged between the two intermediate pieces 44, which forms the "second" hollow profile 46 according to fig. Ha and lic of complementary open profiles between upper belt 20, lower belt 22 and an intermediate step 24 (fig. Ild), complementary to the intermediate pieces 44 connecting on both sides. Furthermore, fig. 7 the special feature that the support legs 5 and 6 of the insert here are extended in one with the inner profile carrier 18 and pass through this, as described in connection with fig. 4 for the outer profile carrier 16. Here, too, the hollow profile closed along its circumference and open at the end of the respective support leg is braced with vertical intermediate walls 26 crossing at right angles, the number of which can be varied in both directions, in the same way as in the outer profile carrier . In the embodiment example, in the longitudinal extent of the intermediate profile carrier according to fig. 11b arranged three intermediate steps, while in the transverse direction there are two such intermediate steps.

The "other" hollow profiles 32 extend over the entire length of the pallet along the outer profile carrier 16, with the exception of the areas where the support legs 5 and 6 are arranged. The "third" hollow profiles extend correspondingly between the fifth and sixth support legs between the profile carriers 16 and 58, with the exception of the support leg areas. One can, however, by analogy with fig. 9a and 9b also ensure that the "second" and "third" hollow profiles also pass through the support legs, possibly with adapted bracing of the support legs to the bracing in the hollow profiles' with regard to the achievement of a mutual functional penetration and continuation of the hollow profile in for the first deck and/or a scythe and secondly in the respective support leg.

From fig. Ila, lic, lid and lie it also appears that, if necessary, the upper deck 1 can have a greater own height than the lower deck 9 or the eaves 12.

Claims (17)

1. Plastic pallet composed of several joined elements, including a load-bearing upper deck (1), support legs (3) with engagement openings for forklift arms arranged between them and a lower structure (9), including deck or screed, of which at least the upper the deck (1) or the lower structure (9) is provided with outer profile carriers (16) whose inwardly directed sides are connected to each other by means of an insert (18) and includes an upper flange (20) and a lower flange (22) connected with an intermediate step (24) to form an outwardly closed and inwardly open profile which, by means of the insert (18), is completed into a "first" hollow profile closed along its circumference, from which the support legs extend, characterized by the insert (18) is designed with at least one closed along its circumference, "second" hollow profile (46) which is arranged in, at least the upper deck (1) or the lower structure (9, 12), in which the insert (18 ) includes at least two next to hv are other arranged and interconnected intermediate pieces (44), of which at least one forms a profile closed to the outside and open to the other intermediate piece, which is completed with the help of the second intermediate piece to form the "second" hollow profile (46). 2. Pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the insert (18) is designed with at least one inner profile carrier (58) arranged between the outer profile carriers (16) as in, at least the upper deck (1) or the lower structure (9, 12) is designed with an upper flange (20) and with a lower flange (22) connected to this via an intermediate step (24), which together form a profile open to the side, and that intermediate pieces (44) are connected to the two sides of the inner profile carrier which complete the open profile of the inner profile carrier to form the second hollow profile. 3. Pallet according to claim 2, characterized in that the inner profile carrier (58) on both sides of its middle step (24) with upper (20) and lower belt (22) forms a profile open to the respective side. 4. Pallet according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the "first" (32) and/or "second" (46) hollow profiles are also closed on the end side. 5. Pallet according to one of claims 1-4, characterized by at least one supporting leg (5, 6) on the insert (18) extending from the "second" hollow profile (46) 6. Pallet according to claims 3 and 6, characterized in that the support leg (5, 6) on the insert (18) is uniformly connected to the building elements (44, 58) which form the "second" hollow profile (46). 7. Pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that the support leg (5,6) on the insert (18) forms a closed hollow profile along its circumference and is arranged and designed so that it passes vertically through the "second" hollow profile (46). 8. Pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that the support leg (5, 6) on the insert (18) forms a closed hollow profile along its circumference, whereby complementary connected circumferential areas are uniformly designed with complementary parts of the "second" hollow profile (46). 9. Pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that the support leg (5, 6) on the insert (18) is also closed on the end side. 10. A pallet according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the part of the cover (1, 9) formed by the intermediate pieces (44) includes beeswax-like or cross-lattice-like arranged vertical steps (40). 11. Pallet according to one of claims 1-5, characterized by at least one "third" hollow profile (52) closed along its circumference that passes through the insert (18) across the "other" hollow profiles (46). 12. Pallet according to claim 11, characterized in that the "third" hollow profile (52) is closed on the end side of the outer profile carriers (16). 13. Pallet according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that a respective "third" hollow profile (52) at both edges of the pallet complements the "first" hollow profiles (32) to form a hollow profile frame in the pallet. 14. Pallet according to one of the claims 11-13, characterized in that a "third" hollow profile (52) or several adjacent "third" hollow profiles connect the central areas of the two outer profile carriers (16) to each other. 15. A pallet according to claims 13 and 14, and designed as a double deck pallet, characterized in that in the lower deck (9) the "first" and "third" hollow profiles (32, 52) arranged as a hollow profile frame in the pallet border at least one "second" hollow profile (46) and at least one further "third" hollow profile (52a) which connects the central areas of the two outer profile carriers (16) with each other, four sub-frames, within which a respective opening (10) is cut for the wheels of a forklift truck. 16. A pallet according to one of claims 1-15, characterized in that the intermediate pieces (44) and/or the inner profile carrier (58) are made in one piece over the entire height. 17. Pallet according to one of claims 1-16, characterized in that in the longitudinal direction of the outer profile carrier (16) several intermediate pieces (44) join each other.