NO144028B - PULSE SENSOR. - Google Patents
PULSE SENSOR. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO144028B NO144028B NO772127A NO772127A NO144028B NO 144028 B NO144028 B NO 144028B NO 772127 A NO772127 A NO 772127A NO 772127 A NO772127 A NO 772127A NO 144028 B NO144028 B NO 144028B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- light
- sensitive
- grid
- emitting
- pulse
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F15/00—Details of, or accessories for, apparatus of groups G01F1/00 - G01F13/00 insofar as such details or appliances are not adapted to particular types of such apparatus
- G01F15/06—Indicating or recording devices
- G01F15/061—Indicating or recording devices for remote indication
- G01F15/063—Indicating or recording devices for remote indication using electrical means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/36—Forming the light into pulses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01G—WEIGHING
- G01G23/00—Auxiliary devices for weighing apparatus
- G01G23/18—Indicating devices, e.g. for remote indication; Recording devices; Scales, e.g. graduated
- G01G23/36—Indicating the weight by electrical means, e.g. using photoelectric cells
- G01G23/37—Indicating the weight by electrical means, e.g. using photoelectric cells involving digital counting
- G01G23/375—Indicating the weight by electrical means, e.g. using photoelectric cells involving digital counting during the movement of a coded element
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
- H03M1/22—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type
- H03M1/24—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip
- H03M1/28—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip with non-weighted coding
- H03M1/30—Analogue/digital converters pattern-reading type using relatively movable reader and disc or strip with non-weighted coding incremental
- H03M1/303—Circuits or methods for processing the quadrature signals
- H03M1/305—Circuits or methods for processing the quadrature signals for detecting the direction of movement
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03M—CODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
- H03M1/00—Analogue/digital conversion; Digital/analogue conversion
- H03M1/12—Analogue/digital converters
- H03M1/60—Analogue/digital converters with intermediate conversion to frequency of pulses
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Optical Transform (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Radiation-Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Description
Denne oppfinnelse angår en pulsgiver som omfatter et første raster This invention relates to a pulse generator comprising a first raster
for bevegelse i forhold til et første lysemitterende organ og et med dette organ samvirkende lysfølsomt organ som er innkoblet i en elektronisk krets med en utgang for digitalpulser. for movement in relation to a first light-emitting body and a light-sensitive body interacting with this body which is connected in an electronic circuit with an output for digital pulses.
Fotoelektriske pulsgivere anvendes i mange forbindelser til å Photoelectric pulse transmitters are used in many connections to
drive binære telleverk for indikasjon av størrelser så som vekt og volum angitt ved hjelp av måleorganer, og for indikering av prisen på denne størrelse. Pulsgiverne er imidlertid mekanisk koblet til måleanordningene og denne kobling overfører vibrasjoner fra drivorganer, f.eks. pumper, stempler, motorer og ineffektive tilbakesperringer til pulsgiveren, hvilke vibrasjoner f.eks. ved; fraslag av pulsgiveren bevirker at denne passerer sine til- og fraslagsstillinger og derved fortsetter med å avgi pulser, hvilket medfører feilindikasjoner i telleverket. operate binary counters for the indication of quantities such as weight and volume indicated by means of measuring devices, and for the indication of the price of this quantity. However, the pulse generators are mechanically connected to the measuring devices and this connection transmits vibrations from drive devices, e.g. pumps, pistons, motors and ineffective backstops to the encoder, which vibrations e.g. by; turning off the pulse generator causes it to pass its on and off positions and thereby continue to emit pulses, which causes error indications in the counter.
Formålet med denne oppfinnelse er å tilveiebringe en pulsgiver som The purpose of this invention is to provide a pulse generator which
i vesentlig grad reduserer dette problem. significantly reduces this problem.
Dette formål blir ifølge oppfinnelsen oppnådd ved hjelp av nye og særegne ttxekk som angitt i patentkravene. According to the invention, this purpose is achieved by means of new and distinctive checks as stated in the patent claims.
Et utførelseseksempel på oppfinnelsen skal i det følgende beskrives nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken figur 1 viser et hullskive for en pulsgiver ifølge oppfinnelsen og figur 2 viser et koblingsskjerna for pulsgiveren. An exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawing, in which figure 1 shows a perforated disk for a pulse generator according to the invention and figure 2 shows a coupling core for the pulse generator.
For enkelhets skyld blir det i det følgende antatt at det beskrevne eksempel er beregnet for tilkobling til en strømningsmåler i et væskedoseringssystem med pumpe, idet pulsene fra pulsgiveren kan benyttes til indikering av det utdoserte eller -målte væskevolum For the sake of simplicity, it will be assumed in the following that the described example is intended for connection to a flow meter in a liquid dosing system with a pump, as the pulses from the pulse generator can be used to indicate the dosed or measured volume of liquid
og/eller pris. and/or price.
Pulsgiveren omfatter i dette øyemed en sirkulær skive 1 be-stående av lysugjennomskinnelig materiale og forsynt med en sentral åpning 2 for beféstigelse på en ikke vist aksel som kan dreies av strømningsmåleren. på kjent måte har skiven 1 en med sin sentrale åpning koaksial rekke identisk like,ekvidistante felter eller hull 3a, som defineres av stolper 3b i skiven og er innrettet til å innsettes i et fotoelektrisk avfølingssystem, In this regard, the pulse transmitter comprises a circular disc 1 consisting of light-opaque material and provided with a central opening 2 for mounting on a shaft not shown which can be rotated by the flow meter. in a known manner, the disk 1 has a coaxial row with its central opening of identical equal, equidistant fields or holes 3a, which are defined by posts 3b in the disk and are designed to be inserted into a photoelectric sensing system,
dvs. mellom et fast lysemitterende element og et fast lysfølsomt element, slik at hullrekken ligger på høyde med disse elementer. i.e. between a fixed light-emitting element and a fixed light-sensitive element, so that the row of holes is level with these elements.
I eksemplet er hullene 3a firkantede og avsmalner mot skivens sent-rum. In the example, the holes 3a are square and taper towards the center of the disk.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen har skiven 1 en annen rekke hull 4a som er konsentrisk med den førstnevnte hullrekke og som defineres av stolper 4b i skiven, slik at hullene 4a er identisk like, firkantede og ekvidistante. I det viste eksempel er den annen hullrekke anordnet under den førstnevnte hullrekke og dens hull 4a er i det vesentlige like brede og er anordnet i et antall likt med og sett i omkretsretningen, smalere enn den første rekkes hull 3a. Symmetriaksene i radiell retning for hvert hull 3a og det innenfor beliggende hull 4a ligger på en og samme skiveradius. According to the invention, the disc 1 has another series of holes 4a which are concentric with the first-mentioned series of holes and which are defined by posts 4b in the disc, so that the holes 4a are identically equal, square and equidistant. In the example shown, the second row of holes is arranged below the first-mentioned row of holes and its holes 4a are essentially the same width and are arranged in a number equal to and seen in the circumferential direction, narrower than the first row's holes 3a. The axes of symmetry in the radial direction for each hole 3a and the hole 4a situated within lie on one and the same disc radius.
Den annen hullrekke er på samme måte som den første hullrekke tilforordnet et fotoelektrisk avfølingssystem, dvs. er innrettet til å plasseres mellom og på høyde med et fast lysemitterende element og et fast lysfølsomt element. The second row of holes is, in the same way as the first row of holes, assigned to a photoelectric sensing system, i.e. is designed to be placed between and at a level with a fixed light-emitting element and a fixed light-sensitive element.
På figur 2 er det vist et koblingsskjema for pulsgiveren, hvor hullrekkene er representert ved strekede linjer 3 og 4. Disse hullrekker er tilforordnet lysemitterende elementer, f.eks. lys-dioder som er betegnet med henvisningstall 5 og 6. Det til-svarende lysfølsomme element 7 henholdsvis 8, f.eks. fotodiode, fototransistor eller fotomotstand, danner innganger til en for-sterker 9 av i og for seg kjent type, f.eks. SIEMENS TCA 105, som har en digital direkteutgang 10 og en digital invertert utgang 11. Direkteutgangen 10 hvorfra pulsene videreføres til volum/pris-indikatoren, er ved hjelp av en leder 12 forbundet med det lysemitterende element 5 og den inverterte utgang 11 er ved hjelp av en leder 13 forbundet med det lysemitterende element 6. Figure 2 shows a connection diagram for the pulse transmitter, where the rows of holes are represented by dashed lines 3 and 4. These rows of holes are assigned to light-emitting elements, e.g. light-emitting diodes which are denoted by reference numbers 5 and 6. The corresponding light-sensitive element 7 and 8 respectively, e.g. photodiode, phototransistor or photoresistor, form inputs to an amplifier 9 of a known type, e.g. SIEMENS TCA 105, which has a digital direct output 10 and a digital inverted output 11. The direct output 10 from which the pulses are passed on to the volume/price indicator is connected by means of a conductor 12 to the light-emitting element 5 and the inverted output 11 is by means of a conductor 13 connected to the light-emitting element 6.
Disse lysemitterende elementer 5 og 6 mottar strømforsyning fra These light-emitting elements 5 and 6 receive power supply from
eti likespenningskilde 14. eti direct voltage source 14.
Med et lysfølsomt element 7 av slik type som er følsomt for With a light-sensitive element 7 of such type that is sensitive to
overgang fra lys til mørke, dvs. fra et hull 3a til en stolpe 3b, transition from light to dark, i.e. from a hole 3a to a bar 3b,
og det lysfølsomme element 8 av slik type som er følsomt for overgang fra mørke til lys, dvs. fra en stolpe 4b til et hull 4a, blir pulsgiverens funksjon umiddelbart klar og som følger: Ved sveipning av lyset fra hull 3a til stolpe 3b går direkteutgangen 10 over fra tilstand 0 til 1, hvorved denne puls gjennom lederen 12 inaktiverer det lysemitterende element 5. Den inverterte utgang 11 undergår derved en tilstandsendring fra 1 til 0 og aktiverer gjennom lederen 13 det lysemitterende element 6. and the light-sensitive element 8 of such a type that is sensitive to the transition from dark to light, i.e. from a post 4b to a hole 4a, the function of the pulse transmitter becomes immediately clear and as follows: When sweeping the light from hole 3a to post 3b, the direct output goes 10 over from state 0 to 1, whereby this pulse through the conductor 12 inactivates the light-emitting element 5. The inverted output 11 thereby undergoes a state change from 1 to 0 and activates the light-emitting element 6 through the conductor 13.
Den inaktiverte tilstand i elementet 5 og den aktiverte tilstand The deactivated state in element 5 and the activated state
1 elementet 6 varer til lyset fra det lysemitterende element 6 treffer det i rotasjonsretningen for skiven 1 derpå følgende hull 4a i den nedre hullrekke, hvorved utgangene 10 og 11 undergår tilstandsforandringen 1 til 0 henholdsvis 0 til 1, slik at elementet 5 aktiveres og elementet 6 inaktiveres til lyset fra det lysemitterende element 5 tilforordnet den øvre hullrekke sveiper over overgangen fra hull 3a til stolpe 3b. 1 the element 6 lasts until the light from the light-emitting element 6 hits the following hole 4a in the lower row of holes in the direction of rotation of the disc 1, whereby the outputs 10 and 11 undergo the state change 1 to 0 and 0 to 1 respectively, so that the element 5 is activated and the element 6 is deactivated until the light from the light-emitting element 5 assigned to the upper row of holes sweeps over the transition from hole 3a to post 3b.
Den her gitte funksjonsbeskrivelse viser umiddelbart at dersom skiven 1 efter fraslag av pumpen utsettes for vibrasjoner f.eks. The functional description given here immediately shows that if disc 1 is exposed to vibrations after switching off the pump, e.g.
fra pumpemotoren slik at den i sitt plan dreier seg frem og tilbake om sin akse, kan den, eftersom lyset fra elementet 5 ble sveipet over fra et hull 3a til nærmeste stolpe 3b, dreie seg i vinkelområdet a, dvs. det vinkelområde som defineres av en stolpe 4b, from the pump motor so that in its plane it rotates back and forth about its axis, since the light from the element 5 was swept over from a hole 3a to the nearest post 3b, it can rotate in the angular range a, i.e. the angular range defined by a bar 4b,
uten at noen puls blir oppnådd på direkteutgangen 10. Likeledes kan .skiven, eftersom lyset fra elementet 6 har sveipet over fra en stolpe 4b til nærmeste hull 4a, dreie seg i vinkelområdet p, without any pulse being obtained on the direct output 10. Likewise, the disc, since the light from the element 6 has swept over from a post 4b to the nearest hole 4a, can rotate in the angular range p,
dvs. et vinkelområde definert av begrensningskantene for et hull 3a, uten at det fremkommer noe signal på direkteutgangen 10. i.e. an angular range defined by the limiting edges of a hole 3a, without any signal appearing on the direct output 10.
Pulsgiveren ifølge oppfinnelsen er i virkeligheten en effektiv komplettering av forekommende trege tilbakesperrer, dvs. sperrer som har til oppgave å forhindre skiverotasjon i en retning mot-satt den tiltenkte, og derved feilindikasjon. The pulse transmitter according to the invention is in reality an effective complement to existing slow backstops, i.e. stops which have the task of preventing disk rotation in a direction opposite to the intended one, and thereby error indication.
Oppfinnelsen kan selvsagt modifiseres på flere måter innenfor ram-men av oppfinnelsen. Således kan skiven bestå av en lysgjennomslippende skive med svertninger istedenfor stolper for å avstedkomme de lysugjennomtrengelige felter. Vekselvis efter hverandre anordnede lysgjennomslippende og lysblokkerende felter betegnes ofte, slik som gjort i de følgende patentkrav, raster. Det er klart at disse rastre ikke nødvendigvis må være sirkel-formede eller anordnet på en sirkulær skive, da de like gjerne kan være båndformet og kan være anordnet på en remse eller strim-mel som kan bevege seg forbi de fotoelektriske avfølingselementer. The invention can of course be modified in several ways within the scope of the invention. Thus, the disk can consist of a light-transmitting disk with blackening instead of posts to create the light-impermeable fields. Alternately arranged light-transmitting and light-blocking fields are often termed, as is done in the following patent claims, grids. It is clear that these grids do not necessarily have to be circular or arranged on a circular disk, as they can just as easily be band-shaped and can be arranged on a strip or strip that can move past the photoelectric sensing elements.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE7607443A SE400002B (en) | 1976-06-30 | 1976-06-30 | ALTERNATIVE ELECTRONIC PULSE SENSOR |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO772127L NO772127L (en) | 1978-01-02 |
NO144028B true NO144028B (en) | 1981-02-23 |
NO144028C NO144028C (en) | 1981-06-03 |
Family
ID=20328336
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO772127A NO144028C (en) | 1976-06-30 | 1977-06-16 | PULSE SENSOR. |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2722844C2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK150837C (en) |
FI (1) | FI63126C (en) |
GB (1) | GB1563642A (en) |
NO (1) | NO144028C (en) |
SE (1) | SE400002B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4841316A (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-06-20 | The Gerber Scientific Instrument Company | Photohead system for positioning an aperture wheel and method of making an aperture disc |
DE3942857C1 (en) * | 1989-12-23 | 1991-05-16 | Schwelm Tanksysteme Gmbh, 5830 Schwelm, De | Petrol pump with rotating piston measurer - driving light-interrupting disc for control generating light pulses for price calculator |
-
1976
- 1976-06-30 SE SE7607443A patent/SE400002B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1977
- 1977-05-20 DE DE2722844A patent/DE2722844C2/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-14 GB GB24839/77A patent/GB1563642A/en not_active Expired
- 1977-06-16 NO NO772127A patent/NO144028C/en unknown
- 1977-06-21 FI FI771935A patent/FI63126C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-06-29 DK DK291377A patent/DK150837C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FI771935A (en) | 1977-12-31 |
DE2722844C2 (en) | 1982-10-28 |
SE400002B (en) | 1978-03-06 |
GB1563642A (en) | 1980-03-26 |
DK150837C (en) | 1988-01-18 |
DK291377A (en) | 1977-12-31 |
DK150837B (en) | 1987-06-29 |
DE2722844A1 (en) | 1978-01-05 |
SE7607443L (en) | 1977-12-31 |
NO144028C (en) | 1981-06-03 |
FI63126B (en) | 1982-12-31 |
NO772127L (en) | 1978-01-02 |
FI63126C (en) | 1983-04-11 |
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