NO137482B - PREPARATION FOR DISPERGER OF OIL SEALS. - Google Patents
PREPARATION FOR DISPERGER OF OIL SEALS. Download PDFInfo
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- NO137482B NO137482B NO4504/71A NO450471A NO137482B NO 137482 B NO137482 B NO 137482B NO 4504/71 A NO4504/71 A NO 4504/71A NO 450471 A NO450471 A NO 450471A NO 137482 B NO137482 B NO 137482B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100001231 less toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical class CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PSABUFWDVWCFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylheptane Chemical class CCCCCC(C)(C)C PSABUFWDVWCFDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-hydroxy-7-methoxychromen-4-one Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC(O)=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C1=CC=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 HIXDQWDOVZUNNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical class CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GGBJHURWWWLEQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylcyclohexane Chemical class CCCCC1CCCCC1 GGBJHURWWWLEQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAGHKONXGGSVDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylcyclopentane Chemical class CCCCC1CCCC1 ZAGHKONXGGSVDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000021523 carboxylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006473 carboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010227 cup method (microbiological evaluation) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001934 cyclohexanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001940 cyclopentanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dioctyl-3-sulfobutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCCCCCC(C([O-])=O)(C(C([O-])=O)S(O)(=O)=O)CCCCCCCC YHAIUSTWZPMYGG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
- C02F1/682—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water by addition of chemical compounds for dispersing an oily layer on water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/017—Mixtures of compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår et preparat for dispergering av olje. The present invention relates to a preparation for dispersing oil.
Det er kjent at oljesøl på vann eller strender kan dispergeres ved at man først påfører på oljen et preparat inneholdende et overflateaktivt middel, som emulgerer oljen, og deretter agiterer den resulterende blanding for dispergering av oljen. It is known that oil spills on water or beaches can be dispersed by first applying to the oil a preparation containing a surfactant, which emulsifies the oil, and then agitating the resulting mixture to disperse the oil.
En ulempe ved de kjente preparater er imidlertid at de kan ha høy toksisitet overfor livet i vannet. A disadvantage of the known preparations, however, is that they can be highly toxic to aquatic life.
Med foreliggende oppfinnelse tilveiebringes det preparater som utmerker seg ved å være mindre toksiske overfor livet i vannet. With the present invention, preparations are provided which are distinguished by being less toxic to aquatic life.
Preparatet ifølge oppfinnelsen er karakterisert ved at det består av de i og for seg kjente forbindelser: (a) 5-50 vekt%, basert på vekten av preparatet, av en monoester av en C^Q-C2Q-alifatisk karboksylsyre og en polyoksyetylen- og/eller polyoksypropylenglykol med molekylvekt 100-500, og (b) 50-95 vekt% av en blanding av paraffiner, isoparaffiner, The preparation according to the invention is characterized in that it consists of the per se known compounds: (a) 5-50% by weight, based on the weight of the preparation, of a monoester of a C^Q-C2Q-aliphatic carboxylic acid and a polyoxyethylene- and/or polyoxypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 100-500, and (b) 50-95% by weight of a mixture of paraffins, isoparaffins,
naftener og alkylsubstituerte naftener med 10-18 C-atomer, med et innhold av 0,10 vekt% aromatiske forbindelser . naphthenes and alkyl-substituted naphthenes with 10-18 C atoms, with a content of 0.10% by weight of aromatic compounds.
Monoesteren bør i alminnelighet danne en homogen opp-løsning eller stabil dispersjon sammen med det flytende hydrokarbon. Det er hensiktsmessig at monoesteren er flytende ved normale omgivelsestemperaturer. The monoester should generally form a homogeneous solution or stable dispersion together with the liquid hydrocarbon. It is appropriate that the monoester is liquid at normal ambient temperatures.
Den monomer som inngår i preparatet ifølge oppfinnelsen er fortrinnsvis dannet av en karboksylsyre som inneholder 14-18 karbonatomer. Til sikring av at de ut fra disse syrer fremstilte monoestere er væsker ved normale omgivelsestemperaturer, kreves det en høyere grad av olefinisk umettethet i de alifatiske karboksylsyre som inneholder et høyt antall karbonatomer enn i de alifatiske karboksylsyrer som inneholder et lavt antall karbonatomer. Som vel egnede alifatiske karboksylsyrer kan nevnes laurinsyre, myristinsyre, palmitinsyre, oljesyre, linolsyre og linolensyre. Oljesyre foretrekkes. The monomer included in the preparation according to the invention is preferably formed from a carboxylic acid containing 14-18 carbon atoms. To ensure that the monoesters produced from these acids are liquids at normal ambient temperatures, a higher degree of olefinic unsaturation is required in the aliphatic carboxylic acids containing a high number of carbon atoms than in the aliphatic carboxylic acids containing a low number of carbon atoms. Suitable aliphatic carboxylic acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid. Oleic acid is preferred.
Molekylvekten av egnede polyoksyalkylenglykoler er fortrinnsvis 150-300. Slike forbindelser kan fremstilles etter en hvilken som helst kjent metode. The molecular weight of suitable polyoxyalkylene glycols is preferably 150-300. Such compounds can be prepared by any known method.
Monoesteren kan fremstilles etter kjente metoder, f.eks. ved forestring i nærvær av en forestringskatalysator. Alternativt kan monoesteren.fremstilles ved omsetning av en alifatisk karboksylsyre med et alkylenoksyd i nærvær av en alkoksylerings-katalysator. The monoester can be prepared according to known methods, e.g. by esterification in the presence of an esterification catalyst. Alternatively, the monoester can be prepared by reacting an aliphatic carboxylic acid with an alkylene oxide in the presence of an carboxylation catalyst.
Det flytende hydrokarbonoppløsningsmiddel som. inngår The liquid hydrocarbon solvent which. included
i preparater ifølge oppfinnelsen, inneholder fortrinnsvis mindre enn 5 vekt% aromatiske forbindelser, beregnet på vekten av det flytende hydrokarbon. Det flytende hydrokarbon inneholder fortrinnsvis 5-20 karbonatomer pr. molekyl og har et kokepunkt på over ca. 50°C. Som eksempler på egnede flytende hydrokarboner kan nevnes pentaner, heksaner, oktaner, dekaner,.dodekaner, cyklopentaner, cykloheksaner og alkylsubstituerte derivater av disse, f.eks. di- og trimetylheksaner, butylcyklopentaner og butylcykloheksaner. Blandinger av egnede flytende.hydrokarboner kan fremstilles ved destillasjon av jordolje. -Et foretrukket. f ly tende hydrokarbon inneholder en blanding av paraffinerisoparaffiner, naftener og alkylsubstituerte naftener som inneholder 10-18 karbonatomer^samt ca. 3 vektprosent aromatiske forbindelser, beregnet på vekten av de flytende hydrokarboner. En slik blanding kan ha et kokeintervall på 175-325°C og et flammepunkt på ca. 66°C. En blanding av denne art kan fremstilles ved at man tar den ved destillasjon av jordolje oppnådde petroleumsf raks jon og deretter reduserer mengden av aromatiske forbindelser i petroleumet til ca. 3 vekt%. Den resulterende blanding kalles ofte "luktfri".petroleum. in preparations according to the invention, preferably contain less than 5% by weight of aromatic compounds, calculated on the weight of the liquid hydrocarbon. The liquid hydrocarbon preferably contains 5-20 carbon atoms per molecule and has a boiling point of over approx. 50°C. Examples of suitable liquid hydrocarbons include pentanes, hexanes, octanes, decanes, dodecanes, cyclopentanes, cyclohexanes and alkyl-substituted derivatives thereof, e.g. di- and trimethylhexanes, butylcyclopentanes and butylcyclohexanes. Mixtures of suitable liquid hydrocarbons can be prepared by distillation of petroleum. -A preferred. liquid hydrocarbon contains a mixture of paraffin isoparaffins, naphthenes and alkyl-substituted naphthenes containing 10-18 carbon atoms^ as well as approx. 3 weight percent aromatic compounds, calculated on the weight of the liquid hydrocarbons. Such a mixture can have a boiling range of 175-325°C and a flash point of approx. 66°C. A mixture of this kind can be prepared by taking the petroleum fraction obtained by distilling crude oil and then reducing the amount of aromatic compounds in the petroleum to approx. 3% by weight. The resulting mixture is often called "odorless".petroleum.
Preparatene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan inneholde andre bestanddeler enn de ovenfor beskrevne. Egnede ytterligere bestanddeler er f.eks. overflateaktive midler som f.eks. alkalimetallsalter av alkylarylsulfonater og alkalimetallsalter av fettsyrer. Preparatene kan hensiktsmessig inneholde 25-200 vektprosent, beregnet på vekten av monoesteren, av ét alkali-metallsalt av et alkylarylsulfonat. The preparations according to the invention may contain other components than those described above. Suitable additional components are e.g. surfactants such as e.g. alkali metal salts of alkylaryl sulphonates and alkali metal salts of fatty acids. The preparations can appropriately contain 25-200 percent by weight, calculated on the weight of the monoester, of an alkali metal salt of an alkylaryl sulfonate.
Preparatene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan på en hvilken som helst måte tilsettes til den olje som skal dispergeres. Den mengde av preparatet som er nødvendig for dispergering av oljen, avhenger av oljens art og; av de betingelser under hvilke preparatet anvendes. Det er hensiktsmessig å påføre en pre-paratmengde av fra lo til 100 volumprosent, beregnet på oljens volum, og en påføringsmengde på 25-50 volumprosent foretrekkes. Det er hensiktsmessig å sprøyte preparatene på oljens overflate til dannelse av en blanding, som deretter agiteres, hvorved den brytes i små dråper, og oljen dispergeres-. Den oljeblanding som fremstilles, ved tilsetning av preparatene til en oljeflekk på havoverflaten, kan agiteres ved hjelp av skipspropeller, havvann ført gjennom slanger eller en overflateagitator, som slepes gjennom blandingen. Alternativt kan tilsetningen og agitasjonen skje samtidig med at en blanding av preparatet og havvann gjennom slanger påføres 61jeflekken. The preparations according to the invention can be added in any way to the oil to be dispersed. The quantity of the preparation necessary for dispersing the oil depends on the nature of the oil and; of the conditions under which the preparation is used. It is appropriate to apply a pre-prepared amount of from lint to 100% by volume, calculated on the volume of the oil, and an application amount of 25-50% by volume is preferred. It is appropriate to spray the preparations on the surface of the oil to form a mixture, which is then agitated, whereby it is broken into small drops, and the oil is dispersed. The oil mixture that is produced, by adding the preparations to an oil patch on the sea surface, can be agitated with the help of ship propellers, sea water carried through hoses or a surface agitator, which is towed through the mixture. Alternatively, the addition and agitation can take place at the same time as a mixture of the preparation and seawater is applied to the stain through hoses.
Oppfinnelsen belyses nærmere ved følgende eksempler: The invention is explained in more detail by the following examples:
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
I dette eksempel og i de følgende eksempler har preparatene A - F de nedenfor angitte sammensetninger. (De angitte vektprosent er beregnet på den samlede vekt av preparatene). Preparatene A - C er preparater ifølge oppfinnelsen, mens preparatene D-F tjener som sammenligningspreparater. In this example and in the following examples, preparations A - F have the compositions indicated below. (The specified weight percentages are calculated on the total weight of the preparations). Preparations A - C are preparations according to the invention, while preparations D-F serve as comparison preparations.
Den i de ovenfor angitte oppskrifter angitte luktfri petroleum er en blanding av 10-18 karbonatom-holdige paraffiner, isoparaffiner, naftener og alkylsubstituerte naftener og ca. 3 vektprosent aromatiske forbindelser, beregnet på vekten, av blandingen. Blandingen har et flammepunkt på ca. 66°C (bestemt ved "Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Method") og et kokeintervall på 175-325°C. The odorless petroleum indicated in the above recipes is a mixture of 10-18 carbon atom-containing paraffins, isoparaffins, naphthenes and alkyl-substituted naphthenes and approx. 3 weight percent aromatic compounds, calculated on the weight, of the mixture. The mixture has a flash point of approx. 66°C (determined by "Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Method") and a boiling range of 175-325°C.
Følgende forsøk utføres til påvisning av visse av de ovennevnte preparaters evne til å emulgere olje: 1 ml av en blanding av gassolje og langkjedet remanens inneholdende de fraksjoner av Kuv:ait-råolje som koker over 245°C, anbringes på midten av overflaten av vann i flere begere. Hvert beger inneholder 2 liter syntetisk havvann, fremstilt ved å oppløse "British Drug House Sea Water Corrosion Test Tablets" i destillert vann. The following experiment is carried out to demonstrate the ability of certain of the above preparations to emulsify oil: 1 ml of a mixture of gas oil and long chain residue containing the fractions of Kuv:ait crude oil boiling above 245°C is placed on the center of the surface of water in several beakers. Each beaker contains 2 liters of synthetic seawater, prepared by dissolving "British Drug House Sea Water Corrosion Test Tablets" in distilled water.
Forskjellige volum ( 0,25 ml, 0,5 ml og 1,0 ml) av preparatene A, B, C og D, samt et standardpreparat inneholdende 10 vektprosent natriumdioktylsulfosuccinat i petroleumeter med kokeintervall 100- 120°C pipetteres på oljeoverflåtene i forskjellige begere. Begrene henstår i 10 minutter og roteres deretter på et dreiebord, som dreier med 100 omdreininger pr. minutt.Dreiebor-dets bevegelse avbrytes i kort tid etter henholdsvis 5, 12 og 30 minutters forløp, og begrenes innhold undersøkes straks og gis en karakter i henhold til nedenstående beskrivelse. Den ovennevnte prosedyre gjentas deretter under anvendelse av andre rotasjonshastigheter for dreiebordet (henholdsvis 115 og 130 omdreininger pr. minutt). Different volumes (0.25 ml, 0.5 ml and 1.0 ml) of preparations A, B, C and D, as well as a standard preparation containing 10% by weight of sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate in petroleum ether with a boiling range of 100-120°C are pipetted onto the oil surfaces in different beakers . The cups rest for 10 minutes and are then rotated on a turntable, which rotates at 100 revolutions per minute. minute. The turntable's movement is interrupted for a short time after 5, 12 and 30 minutes, respectively, and restricted content is immediately examined and given a grade according to the description below. The above procedure is then repeated using other rotary table rotation speeds (115 and 130 revolutions per minute, respectively).
Karaktergivningen for preparatene foretas etter føl-gende prinsipper: Karakter 0:Neglisjerbar dispergering av oljen.Havvannet er ufarvet og klart. The preparations are graded according to the following principles: Grade 0: Negligible dispersion of the oil. The seawater is colorless and clear.
Karakter ^: meget liten dispergering.Havvannet er farvet svakt brunt„ Praktisk talt all olje flyter på overflaten eller hefter til begerets vegger. Grade ^: very little dispersion. The seawater is colored slightly brown„ Practically all the oil floats on the surface or adheres to the walls of the beaker.
Karakter 1: Noe dispergering av oljen.Noe olje flyter Grade 1: Some dispersion of the oil. Some oil flows
på overflaten eller er tilstede dypere i vannet i form av små- on the surface or is present deeper in the water in the form of small
dråper, som klart kan sees med det blotte øye. Vannet er defini- drops, which can be clearly seen with the naked eye. The water is defini-
tivt farvet brunt. tively colored brown.
Karakter IJ5: nesten fullstendig dispergering av oljen. Grade IJ5: almost complete dispersion of the oil.
Det er oljedråper tilstede som er tydelig større enn dråpene i begeret inneholdende standardpreparatet. Ingen olje flyter på There are oil droplets present which are clearly larger than the droplets in the beaker containing the standard preparation. No oil flows
vannets overflate„ the surface of the water
Karakter 2: Fullstendig dispergering av oljen.En neglisjerbar mengde olje kan. flyte på overflaten,, men ingen oljedråper kan klart.erkjennes med det blotte øye. Standardpreparatet gir en karakter på 2 ved 100% volum ( 1 ml standardpreparat), bereg- Grade 2: Complete dispersion of the oil. A negligible amount of oil can. float on the surface, but no oil droplets can be clearly recognized with the naked eye. The standard preparation gives a grade of 2 at 100% volume (1 ml standard preparation), calculated
net på oljevolumet ved alle rotasjonshastigheter og - tider. net on the oil volume at all rotation speeds and times.
I tvilstilfelle defineres karakter 2 som den karakter som opp- In case of doubt, grade 2 is defined as the grade that
nåes med standardpreparatet,. og testpreparatet sammenlignes da direkte med det med standardpreparatet oppnådde resultat ( ved 100 volumprosent). can be reached with the standard preparation. and the test preparation is then compared directly with the result obtained with the standard preparation (at 100 percent by volume).
På denne måte fåes for hvert preparat 27 karakterer. Hver karakter multipliseres med en faktor, hvorved det fåes en modifi- In this way, 27 marks are obtained for each preparation. Each grade is multiplied by a factor, whereby a modified
sert karakter. Hver faktor avhenger av den mengde av preparatet som er tilført oljen, bordets omdreiningshastighet og den tid i hvilken bordet har vært holdt under omdreining (faktorene er an- tough character. Each factor depends on the quantity of the preparation that has been added to the oil, the speed of rotation of the table and the time during which the table has been kept rotating (the factors are
gitt i tabell I.) De modifiserte karakterer for hvert preparat sammentelles derpå og uttrykkes som prosentdel av den maksimalt mulige totalverdi (686), hvorved fåes den samlede bedømmelse for vedkommende preparat. Karakterene for preparat A er anført i tabell II, idet de modifiserte karakterer er anført i parentes. Summen av de modifiserte karakterer for preparat A er 524, og given in table I.) The modified grades for each preparation are then added up and expressed as a percentage of the maximum possible total value (686), whereby the overall assessment for the relevant preparation is obtained. The grades for preparation A are listed in Table II, with the modified grades listed in brackets. The sum of the modified marks for preparation A is 524, and
dette preparats samlede karakter er således 76%. De samlede karakterer for preparatene A - D er anført i tabell III. this preparation's overall grade is thus 76%. The overall marks for preparations A - D are listed in table III.
1. Volumprosentene er beregnet på det volum olje som er tilsatt til hvert beger. 1. The volume percentages are calculated on the volume of oil added to each beaker.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
Flere små oljeflekker dannes ved at man på havoverflaten heller en blanding av gassoljer og langkjedet remanens, som er de fraksjoner av Es Sider råolje som koker over 227°C. Forskjellige mengder (12,5. - 50 volumprosent, beregnet på volumet av oljeflekken) av preparatene A, B og C sprøytes på flekkene, og den resulterende blanding agiteres i flere minutter. I alle tilfelle dispergeres oljen fullstendig. Several small oil slicks are formed by pouring on the sea surface a mixture of gas oils and long-chain residue, which are the fractions of Es Sider crude oil that boil above 227°C. Different quantities (12.5 - 50% by volume, calculated on the volume of the oil stain) of preparations A, B and C are sprayed onto the stains, and the resulting mixture is agitated for several minutes. In all cases, the oil is completely dispersed.
Eksempel 3. Example 3.
Toksisitetene overfor liv i havet bedømmes for preparatene A-F. The toxicities towards marine life are assessed for preparations A-F.
Beholdere som inneholder havvann holdes ved 20°C i flere dager. Forskjellige havdyr anbringes i forskjellige beholdere, og det tilsettes til beholderne varierende mengder av preparatene. Dyrene utsettes for hver konsentrasjon av hvert preparat i et antall timer. Havvannet som inneholder preparatene erstattes deretter med friskt havvann, og de døde dyr telles etter ytterligere 5 dagers forløp. I nedenstående tabell IV er resultatene uttrykt som den laveste konsentrasjon av preparatet, som dreper 50% av dyrene etter den ytterligere periode på 5 dager (LCj-q). Containers containing seawater are kept at 20°C for several days. Different marine animals are placed in different containers, and varying amounts of the preparations are added to the containers. The animals are exposed to each concentration of each preparation for a number of hours. The seawater containing the preparations is then replaced with fresh seawater, and the dead animals are counted after a further 5 days. In Table IV below, the results are expressed as the lowest concentration of the preparation, which kills 50% of the animals after the additional period of 5 days (LCj-q).
Det fremgår av resultatene at preparatene ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse er mindre toksiske overfor visse former av marint liv enn kjente emulgerende preparater. It appears from the results that the preparations according to the present invention are less toxic to certain forms of marine life than known emulsifying preparations.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB58468/70A GB1280259A (en) | 1970-12-09 | 1970-12-09 | Detergent compositions |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO137482B true NO137482B (en) | 1977-11-28 |
| NO137482C NO137482C (en) | 1978-03-08 |
Family
ID=10481698
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO4504/71A NO137482C (en) | 1970-12-09 | 1971-12-07 | PREPARATION FOR DISPERGER OF OIL SOLE. |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU462487B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE776006A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA943034A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2160698C2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES397736A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2117481A5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1280259A (en) |
| HK (1) | HK18276A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT946110B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7116770A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO137482C (en) |
| PH (1) | PH9831A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE376598B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA718181B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1451440A (en) * | 1972-12-01 | 1976-10-06 | Shell Int Research | Detergent compositions |
| US3959134A (en) * | 1974-03-19 | 1976-05-25 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Oil collection agents and their use in containing oil slicks |
| SE432945B (en) * | 1979-12-06 | 1984-04-30 | Berol Kemi Ab | NONJONIC YTACTIVE MONOESTER AND PROCEDURE FOR ITS PREPARATION |
| EP0131558A3 (en) * | 1983-07-06 | 1986-06-11 | Bergvik Kemi AB | Dispersing agent |
| DE3517170A1 (en) * | 1985-05-13 | 1986-11-13 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V., Den Haag | CLEANING COMPOSITION |
| EP1116785A1 (en) * | 2000-01-17 | 2001-07-18 | Fina OleoChemicals N.V. | Cleaning of petroleum or its derivatives on soil |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1175220B (en) * | 1962-05-08 | 1964-08-06 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the continuous production of pure monoesters of higher molecular weight fatty acids with polykylene glycols |
| GB1205235A (en) * | 1967-05-03 | 1970-09-16 | Ici Ltd | Emulsification of oil on water |
| DE1911943C3 (en) * | 1968-04-04 | 1979-06-07 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co., Linden, N.J. (V.St.A.) | Use of a mixture of sorbitan monoacylate and polyoxyalkylene sorbitan monoacylate for dispersing oil sludge on water surfaces |
-
1970
- 1970-12-09 GB GB58468/70A patent/GB1280259A/en not_active Expired
-
1971
- 1971-11-30 BE BE776006A patent/BE776006A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-12-03 PH PH13069A patent/PH9831A/en unknown
- 1971-12-07 AU AU36572/71A patent/AU462487B2/en not_active Expired
- 1971-12-07 DE DE2160698A patent/DE2160698C2/en not_active Expired
- 1971-12-07 IT IT32135/71A patent/IT946110B/en active
- 1971-12-07 NL NL7116770A patent/NL7116770A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1971-12-07 SE SE7115702A patent/SE376598B/xx unknown
- 1971-12-07 ZA ZA718181A patent/ZA718181B/en unknown
- 1971-12-07 FR FR7143871A patent/FR2117481A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-12-07 NO NO4504/71A patent/NO137482C/en unknown
- 1971-12-07 CA CA129,565A patent/CA943034A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-12-07 ES ES397736A patent/ES397736A1/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-04-01 HK HK182/76*UA patent/HK18276A/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2160698C2 (en) | 1982-11-25 |
| SE376598B (en) | 1975-06-02 |
| NO137482C (en) | 1978-03-08 |
| HK18276A (en) | 1976-04-09 |
| ZA718181B (en) | 1972-08-30 |
| GB1280259A (en) | 1972-07-05 |
| PH9831A (en) | 1976-04-02 |
| ES397736A1 (en) | 1975-04-01 |
| FR2117481A5 (en) | 1972-07-21 |
| CA943034A (en) | 1974-03-05 |
| NL7116770A (en) | 1972-06-13 |
| DE2160698A1 (en) | 1972-06-29 |
| BE776006A (en) | 1972-03-16 |
| IT946110B (en) | 1973-05-21 |
| AU462487B2 (en) | 1975-06-26 |
| AU3657271A (en) | 1973-06-14 |
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