NO136461B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO136461B
NO136461B NO823/73A NO82373A NO136461B NO 136461 B NO136461 B NO 136461B NO 823/73 A NO823/73 A NO 823/73A NO 82373 A NO82373 A NO 82373A NO 136461 B NO136461 B NO 136461B
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silver
catalyst
propylene
water vapor
carried out
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NO823/73A
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Norwegian (no)
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NO136461C (en
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C Piccinini
M Morelli
P Rebora
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Snam Progetti
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Publication of NO136461B publication Critical patent/NO136461B/no
Publication of NO136461C publication Critical patent/NO136461C/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/66Silver or gold
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D301/00Preparation of oxiranes
    • C07D301/02Synthesis of the oxirane ring
    • C07D301/03Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
    • C07D301/04Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen
    • C07D301/08Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the gaseous phase
    • C07D301/10Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the gaseous phase with catalysts containing silver or gold
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Epoxy Compounds (AREA)

Description

Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av propylenoksyd ved å gå ut fra propylen og oksygen eller luft i nærvær av sølvholdige katalysatorer. The present invention relates to a method for producing propylene oxide by starting from propylene and oxygen or air in the presence of silver-containing catalysts.

Industrielle prosesser for syntese av etylenoksyd fra etylen Industrial processes for the synthesis of ethylene oxide from ethylene

og oksygen eller luft har vært utviklet og gjennomført i lengere tid, mens derimot fra et industrielt synspunkt, interessante resultater for den tilsvarende syntese av høyere alkylenoksyder, særlig propylenoksyd, som hovedsakelig fremstilles indirekte, ikke har vært oppnådd. and oxygen or air have been developed and carried out for a long time, while, on the other hand, from an industrial point of view, interesting results for the corresponding synthesis of higher alkylene oxides, especially propylene oxide, which are mainly produced indirectly, have not been achieved.

I det franske patentskrift nr. 785.149 foreslås det å In the French patent document no. 785,149 it is proposed to

fremstille propylenoksyd fra propylen og oksygen ved hjelp av sølvholdige katalysatorer ved å tilføre store mengder inerte forbindelser., særlig karbondioksyd eller vanndamp sammen med reagensene. produce propylene oxide from propylene and oxygen using silver-containing catalysts by adding large amounts of inert compounds, especially carbon dioxide or water vapor together with the reagents.

De resultater som oppnås ved hjelp av fremgangsmåten i henhold til det ovennevnte franske patentskrift er imidlertid ikke tilfredsstillende fra et industrielt synspunkt. However, the results obtained by means of the method according to the above-mentioned French patent are not satisfactory from an industrial point of view.

Det er nå funnet at det er mulig å oppnå en meget selektiv syntese av propylenoksyd når vanndamp i en mengde av 2-15 volumprosent tilsettes til reaksjonsblandingen. Videre oppnås høye verdier for omdannelsen, samt reproduserbare og styrbare resultater. It has now been found that it is possible to achieve a highly selective synthesis of propylene oxide when water vapor in an amount of 2-15 percent by volume is added to the reaction mixture. Furthermore, high values are achieved for the conversion, as well as reproducible and controllable results.

Det er funnet at en mengde vanndamp på mer enn 30% ikke lenger forbedrer selektiviteten til propylenoksyd men fører til en tydelig reduksjon av denne. It has been found that an amount of water vapor of more than 30% no longer improves the selectivity of propylene oxide but leads to a clear reduction of this.

Oppfinnelsen vedrører således en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av propylenoksyd ved hjelp av direkte oksydasjon av propylen med oksygen eller luft i nærvær av sølvholdige katalysatorer og vanndamp ved forhøyet temperatur, og det særegne ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen er at det anvendes en vanndampmengde på mellom 2 og 15 volumprosent av totalt tilført gassblanding. The invention thus relates to a method for the production of propylene oxide by means of direct oxidation of propylene with oxygen or air in the presence of silver-containing catalysts and water vapor at an elevated temperature, and the peculiarity of the method according to the invention is that an amount of water vapor of between 2 and 15 percent by volume of the total supplied gas mixture.

Ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelse inføres således propylen, luft eller oksygen og vanndamp i den angitte mengde over en sølvholdig katalysator i en reaktor som holdes på en temperatur mellom 110 og 400°C. In the method according to the present invention, propylene, air or oxygen and water vapor are thus introduced in the indicated amount over a silver-containing catalyst in a reactor which is kept at a temperature between 110 and 400°C.

Tilførselsgassen består av propylen og oksygen eller luft i The supply gas consists of propylene and oxygen or air i

et forhold på fra 4:96 til 95:5. Den mengde vanndamp som kan innføres utgjør da mellom 2 og 15% i forhold til total tilførselsgass. a ratio of from 4:96 to 95:5. The amount of water vapor that can be introduced then amounts to between 2 and 15% in relation to the total supply gas.

I tilførselsgassen kan gassformede forbindelser som ikke påvirker reaksjonen i negativ retning være tilstede. De sølvholdige katalysatorer som kan anvendes med fordel ved fremgangsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen er alle katalysatorer som er basert på metallisk sølv eller sølvforbindelser. Gaseous compounds that do not affect the reaction in a negative direction may be present in the feed gas. The silver-containing catalysts which can be used with advantage in the method according to the invention are all catalysts which are based on metallic silver or silver compounds.

Disse katalysatorer kan også inneholde mindre mengder andre elementer eller aktivatorer som f.eks. magnesium, kalsium, barium, strontium, selen, tellur, bly, tinn, arsen eller lignende elementer eller forbindelser. These catalysts can also contain smaller amounts of other elements or activators such as e.g. magnesium, calcium, barium, strontium, selenium, tellurium, lead, tin, arsenic or similar elements or compounds.

Katalysatoren kan anvendes sem sådan eller understøttet på en bærer av aluminiumoksyd- silisiumoksyd (kaolin), karborundum, kiselgur e.l. The catalyst can be used as such or supported on a carrier of alumina-silicon oxide (kaolin), carborundum, diatomaceous earth, etc.

Det er mulig å innføre en passende inhibitor som regulerer reaksjonshastigheten før eller under propylenoksyd-syntesen. Inhibitorer som med fordel kan anvendes kan velges mellom organiske eller uorganiske klorider. It is possible to introduce a suitable inhibitor which regulates the reaction rate before or during the propylene oxide synthesis. Inhibitors that can be advantageously used can be chosen from organic or inorganic chlorides.

De følgende eksempler skal illustrere oppfinnelsen. The following examples shall illustrate the invention.

EKSEMPEL 1. EXAMPLE 1.

To prøver ble gjennomført ved en konstant temperatur uten og med 5% H^ O i tilførslen på en katalysator fremstilt på følgende måte: 100 g AgNOg, 24 g kalsiumnitrat-tetrahydrat og 11 g bariumnitrat ble oppløst i 1500 ml. deionisert vann (forhold Ag:Ca:Ba 15:2,5:1). Two tests were carried out at a constant temperature without and with 5% H 2 O in the feed on a catalyst prepared as follows: 100 g AgNOg, 24 g calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and 11 g barium nitrate were dissolved in 1500 ml. deionized water (ratio Ag:Ca:Ba 15:2.5:1).

Den oppnådde løsning kan være opaliserende på grunn av tilstedeværelsen av små mengder sølvklorid som fjernes ved hjelp av et adsorpsjonsmiddel. 42 g vannfritt natriumkarbonat ble oppløst i 500 ml destillert vann og renset ved tilsetning av 2 g sølvnitrat. The solution obtained may be opalescent due to the presence of small amounts of silver chloride which is removed by means of an adsorbent. 42 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate were dissolved in 500 ml of distilled water and purified by the addition of 2 g of silver nitrate.

Den oppnådde løsning ble filtrert. Før de to løsninger ble blandet ble det tilsatt en liten mengde kalsiumklorid (ca. 10 mg). The solution obtained was filtered. Before the two solutions were mixed, a small amount of calcium chloride (approx. 10 mg) was added.

Samutfell ingen av karbonater av sølv, kalsium og barium ble gjennomført ved under hurtig omrøring å tilsette oppløsningen av natriumkarbonat til løsningen av nitratene. The precipitation of none of the carbonates of silver, calcium and barium was carried out by adding, with rapid stirring, the solution of sodium carbonate to the solution of the nitrates.

Karbonatfellingen ble oppnådd i findelt tilstand. The carbonate precipitate was obtained in a finely divided state.

Det oppnådde material ble filtrert, vasket med deionisert vann og tørket i flere timer i en ovn ved 110°C under en svak luftstrøm. The material obtained was filtered, washed with deionized water and dried for several hours in an oven at 110°C under a weak air flow.

Det ble oppnådd omtrent 120 g katalytisk pulver som ble finmalt i en hammermølle. Det ble så foretatt anbringelse av det katalytiske material på bæreren. Approximately 120 g of catalytic powder was obtained which was finely ground in a hammer mill. The catalytic material was then placed on the carrier.

Som bærer ble det valgt et kommersielt material, nemlig aluminiumoksyd-silisiumoksyd (kaolin) med følgende egenskaper: kuleform med diameter 8 mm. A commercial material was chosen as carrier, namely alumina-silicon oxide (kaolin) with the following properties: spherical shape with a diameter of 8 mm.

Sammensetning: Composition:

Kjemisk-fysikalske egenskaper : a-A^O^ + mullitt. Chemical-physical properties: a-A^O^ + mullite.

Porestruktur med poreradius: 70 - 100 mikron. Pore structure with pore radius: 70 - 100 microns.

Denne bærer frembyr en særlig gunstig porøs struktur ved at den tillater fullstendig gjennomtrengning av det katalytiske material selv i de indre deler av kulene. Det sier seg selv at andre typer av aluminiumoksyd og bærere med samme egenskaper kan anvendes. This support provides a particularly favorable porous structure in that it allows complete penetration of the catalytic material even in the inner parts of the spheres. It goes without saying that other types of aluminum oxide and carriers with the same properties can be used.

Inhibering ble gjennomført ved å blande det oppnådde katalytiske pulver med 800 g av en løsning av etylenglykol og behandle suspensjonen med 550 g bærer holdt under omrøring for å sikre jevn inhibering. Inhibition was carried out by mixing the obtained catalytic powder with 800 g of a solution of ethylene glycol and treating the suspension with 550 g of carrier kept under stirring to ensure uniform inhibition.

Det oppnådde material ble tørret og aktivert i en styrt luft-strøm med temperatur 350°C i noen timer. Denne katalysator ble for å gjennomføre prøving innført i en 30 cm lang reaktor med diameter 2,5 cm og som var termostatisk styrt ved hjelp av sirkulering av et varmemedium ("Dowtherm"). The material obtained was dried and activated in a controlled air stream at a temperature of 350°C for a few hours. In order to carry out testing, this catalyst was introduced into a 30 cm long reactor with a diameter of 2.5 cm and which was thermostatically controlled by circulating a heating medium ("Dowtherm").

Forsøksbetingelsene var de følgende: The experimental conditions were the following:

Trykk = atmosfæretrykket Pressure = atmospheric pressure

katalysatorvolum = 100 cm<3>catalyst volume = 100 cm<3>

strømningshastighet = 5 Nl/time flow rate = 5 Nl/hour

forhold C3H5/02 85/15 ratio C3H5/02 85/15

Forsøksresultatene er gjengitt i tabell 1. The test results are reproduced in table 1.

EKSEMPEL 2 EXAMPLE 2

Den samme reaktor som i eksempel 1 ble anvendt og den aktive del av katalysatoren besto av Ag alene og det var ikke tilsatt 10 mg CaCl,,. Prøveresultatene og reaksjonsbetingelsene er gjengitt i tabell 1. The same reactor as in example 1 was used and the active part of the catalyst consisted of Ag alone and 10 mg of CaCl was not added. The test results and reaction conditions are reproduced in Table 1.

EKSEMPEL 3 EXAMPLE 3

Den samme reaktor som i eksempel 1 ble anvendt og den aktive del av katalysatoren ble fremstilt ved å gå ut fra 100 g AgNO^ og 32,4 g Ca(N03)2.<4H>20. The same reactor as in example 1 was used and the active part of the catalyst was prepared by starting from 100 g of AgNO^ and 32.4 g of Ca(N03)2.<4H>20.

Det ble ikke anvendt CaCl,,. Forsøksresultater; og reaksjonsbetingelser er gjengitt i tabell 1. CaCl,, was not used. Test results; and reaction conditions are given in Table 1.

EKSEMPEL 4 EXAMPLE 4

Den samme reaktor som i eksempel 1 ble anvendt og den aktive del av katalysatoren ble fremstilt ved å gå ut fra 100 g AgNO2 og 35,9 g Ba(N03)2- CaCl2 ble ikke anvendt. Forsøks-resultater og arbeidsbetingelser er gjengitt i tabell 1. The same reactor as in example 1 was used and the active part of the catalyst was prepared by starting from 100 g of AgNO2 and 35.9 g of Ba(NO3)2-CaCl2 was not used. Test results and working conditions are shown in table 1.

EKSEMPEL 5 EXAMPLE 5

En annen katalysator ble fremstilt ved hjelp av den fremgangsmåte hvor man går ut fra oppløsninger. Den besto i fremstilling av organiske sølvsalter•og eventuelle aktivatorer (fortrinnsvis fremstilles laktater) og deretter ble det foretatt impregnering av bærerne med disse løsninger. Temperaturen ble holdt på 90-95°C under operasjonen med variert varighet i avhengighet av typen av understøttelse. Løsningen ble imidlertid fjernet etter høyst 1 time og det impregnerte material ble holdt ved 90-95°C i omtrent 15 minutter. Another catalyst was prepared using the solution-based method. It consisted in the production of organic silver salts and any activators (preferably lactates are produced) and then impregnation of the carriers with these solutions was carried out. The temperature was kept at 90-95°C during the operation with varied duration depending on the type of support. However, the solution was removed after no more than 1 hour and the impregnated material was held at 90-95°C for approximately 15 minutes.

Materialet ble så anbragt i en ovn ved 70-80°C i en svak luftstrøm i omtrent 12 timer. Det ble deretter gjennomført en kalsinering ved 320°C i omtrent 5 timer i en styrt luft-strøm. Prøven ble gjennomført i samme reaktor som i eksempel 1. Katalysatoren ble fremstilt ved å gå ut fra 100 g sølvlaktat og 0,8 g bariumlaktat. Bæreren besto av kuleformet aluminiumoksyd med diameter omtrent 5 mm. Forsøksresultater og arbeidsbetingelser er gjengitt i tabell 1. The material was then placed in an oven at 70-80°C in a weak air flow for approximately 12 hours. A calcination was then carried out at 320°C for approximately 5 hours in a controlled air flow. The test was carried out in the same reactor as in example 1. The catalyst was prepared by starting from 100 g of silver lactate and 0.8 g of barium lactate. The carrier consisted of spherical aluminum oxide with a diameter of approximately 5 mm. Test results and working conditions are shown in table 1.

EKSEMPEL 6 EXAMPLE 6

40 g av det pulver som utgjorde den aktive del av katalysatoren beskrevet i eksempel 1 ble innført i en glass-reaktor som var oppvarmet ved hjelp av sirkulasjon av et varmemedium ("Dowtherm"). Det ble gjennomført prøver med denne katalysator ved konstant temperatur og forskjellig f^O-innhold. Betingelsene som prøvene ble gjennomført under var følgende: 40 g of the powder which constituted the active part of the catalyst described in example 1 was introduced into a glass reactor which was heated by means of circulation of a heating medium ("Dowtherm"). Tests were carried out with this catalyst at constant temperature and different f^O content. The conditions under which the tests were carried out were the following:

Trykk= Atmosfæretrykket Pressure = Atmospheric pressure

Temperatur = 184°C Temperature = 184°C

Strømning av reagensblanding= 5 Nl/time Flow of reagent mixture = 5 Nl/hour

Forhold C3Hg/02 = 85/15. Ratio C3Hg/O2 = 85/15.

De oppnådde resultater er gjengitt i tabell 2. The results obtained are reproduced in table 2.

EKSEMPEL 7 EXAMPLE 7

Det ble gjennomført prøver med syntese av propylenoksyd fra propylen og oksygen ved å anvende en katalysator fremstilt av sølvpulver, med forskjellig vanninnhold i gasstilførselen. Tests were carried out with the synthesis of propylene oxide from propylene and oxygen by using a catalyst made of silver powder, with different water content in the gas supply.

Den anvendte reaktor var den samme som i de foregående eksempler og reaksjonsbetingelsene var følgende: The reactor used was the same as in the previous examples and the reaction conditions were as follows:

Trykk = atmosfæretrykk Pressure = atmospheric pressure

Strøm av reagensblanding = 5 Nl/time Flow of reagent mixture = 5 Nl/hour

T = 181°C T = 181°C

Molforhold C3H6/02 = 85/15. Molar ratio C3H6/O2 = 85/15.

Forsøksresultatene er gjengitt i tabell 3. The test results are reproduced in table 3.

Claims (1)

Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av propylenoksyd ved hjelp av direkte oksydasjon av propylen med oksygen eller luft i nærvær av sølvholdige katalysatorer og vanndamp ved forhøyet temperatur,karakterisert ved at det anvendes en vanndampmengde på mellom 2 og 15 volumprosent av totalt tilført gassblanding.Process for the production of propylene oxide by means of direct oxidation of propylene with oxygen or air in the presence of silver-containing catalysts and water vapor at elevated temperature, characterized in that a water vapor quantity of between 2 and 15 percent by volume of the total supplied gas mixture is used.
NO823/73A 1972-03-13 1973-02-28 PROCESS FOR PRODUCING PROPYLENE OXIDE. NO136461C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT21767/72A IT950126B (en) 1972-03-13 1972-03-13 PERFECTED PROCEDURE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF PROPYLENE OXIDE

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NO136461B true NO136461B (en) 1977-05-31
NO136461C NO136461C (en) 1977-09-07

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AU (1) AU476667B2 (en)
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EG (1) EG11014A (en)
ES (1) ES412860A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2175801B1 (en)
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HU (1) HU170063B (en)
IE (1) IE37485B1 (en)
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IT (1) IT950126B (en)
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JPS5535237U (en) * 1978-08-31 1980-03-06
JP4572551B2 (en) * 2003-03-25 2010-11-04 住友化学株式会社 Production method of olefin oxide
US7319156B2 (en) 2003-03-25 2008-01-15 Sumitomo Chemical Company, Limited Process for producing olefin oxide
KR20070106032A (en) 2005-02-25 2007-10-31 스미또모 가가꾸 가부시끼가이샤 Process for production of olefin oxide
CA2701590C (en) * 2007-12-14 2016-06-28 Dow Technology Investments Llc Hydrocarbon/oxygen industrial gas mixer with water mist
WO2009102311A2 (en) 2007-12-14 2009-08-20 Dow Technology Investments Llc Low shear gas mixer
US8404189B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2013-03-26 Dow Technology Investments Llc Oxygen/hydrocarbon rapid (high shear) gas mixer, particularly for the production of ethylene oxide
US8500894B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2013-08-06 Dow Technology Investments Llc Wet scrubbing for removing particulate solids from oxygen supply line
US8334395B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2012-12-18 Dow Technology Investments Llc Hydrocarbon/oxygen industrial gas mixer with coarse water droplet environment to reduce ignition potential
CN102803241A (en) * 2009-12-18 2012-11-28 住友化学株式会社 Method for producing propylene oxide

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NO136461C (en) 1977-09-07
LU67190A1 (en) 1973-05-22
ZM4873A1 (en) 1974-02-21
DE2312429B2 (en) 1974-11-07
PH9753A (en) 1976-03-12
AR193920A1 (en) 1973-05-31
ZA731321B (en) 1973-11-28
DK130588C (en) 1975-08-18
DK130588B (en) 1975-03-10
HU170063B (en) 1977-03-28
NL159977C (en) 1979-09-17
FR2175801B1 (en) 1976-05-21
BE796432A (en) 1973-07-02
DD104078A5 (en) 1974-02-20
JPS4911807A (en) 1974-02-01
SE385214B (en) 1976-06-14
TR17180A (en) 1974-04-25
DE2312429C3 (en) 1975-06-19
NL159977B (en) 1979-04-17
IT950126B (en) 1973-06-20
NL7303160A (en) 1973-09-17
BG24535A3 (en) 1978-03-10
EG11014A (en) 1976-11-30
IN139723B (en) 1976-07-24
CS162640B2 (en) 1975-07-15
AU476667B2 (en) 1976-09-30
IE37485L (en) 1973-09-13
JPS5331849B2 (en) 1978-09-05
DE2312429A1 (en) 1973-09-27
ES412860A1 (en) 1976-01-01
CH556833A (en) 1974-12-13
RO69377A (en) 1981-04-30
BR7301793D0 (en) 1974-10-29
IE37485B1 (en) 1977-08-03
GB1368922A (en) 1974-10-02
AU5254673A (en) 1974-08-29
CA1018533A (en) 1977-10-04
AT320602B (en) 1975-02-25
FR2175801A1 (en) 1973-10-26

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