NO134721B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO134721B NO134721B NO2002/69A NO200269A NO134721B NO 134721 B NO134721 B NO 134721B NO 2002/69 A NO2002/69 A NO 2002/69A NO 200269 A NO200269 A NO 200269A NO 134721 B NO134721 B NO 134721B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- clamping
- contact
- pointed
- bodies
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R11/00—Individual connecting elements providing two or more spaced connecting locations for conductive members which are, or may be, thereby interconnected, e.g. end pieces for wires or cables supported by the wire or cable and having means for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal, or conductive member, blocks of binding posts
- H01R11/11—End pieces or tapping pieces for wires, supported by the wire and for facilitating electrical connection to some other wire, terminal or conductive member
- H01R11/30—End pieces held in contact by a magnet
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/18—Means for supporting electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/20—Conducting electric current to electrodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D7/00—Electroplating characterised by the article coated
- C25D7/003—Threaded pieces, e.g. bolts or nuts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F2213/30—Anodic or cathodic protection specially adapted for a specific object
- C23F2213/31—Immersed structures, e.g. submarine structures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F2213/30—Anodic or cathodic protection specially adapted for a specific object
- C23F2213/32—Pipes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Description
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrorer en anordning for beskyttelse av en elektrisk forbindelse mot korrosjon når den befinner seg i korroderende omgivelser, ved dannelse av losgjorbar elektrisk ledende kontakt mellom to metallorganer som trykkes mot hverandre av organer som utover trykk, idet i det minste ett av organene i hvert fall på stedet for kontaktflaten forsynes med et av blotere metall bestående overtrekkssjikt, som ved montering av organene deformeres av det utovede kontakttrykk, og hvor hardheten av det blotere metallet er mindre enn halvparten av hardheten av metallet på hvilket det er belagt. The present invention relates to a device for protecting an electrical connection against corrosion when it is in a corrosive environment, by forming a detachable electrically conductive contact between two metal bodies that are pressed against each other by bodies that are beyond pressure, wherein at least one of the bodies in each case at the place of the contact surface is provided with a covering layer consisting of bare metal, which is deformed by the unwelded contact pressure when the organs are installed, and where the hardness of the bare metal is less than half the hardness of the metal on which it is coated.
Det er kjent å tilveiebringe en elektrisk forbindelse ved å trykke to metallorganer mot hverandre ved hjelp av fjærer, bolter og muttere, et magnetfelt og/eller ad pneumatisk vei. Sveising eller lodding av en slik forbindelse kommer ikke i betraktning i denne beskrivelse fordi formålet med den foreliggende oppfinnelse kun er å forberede den innledningsvis nevnte art av forbindelser, nem-lig ikke-permanente eller losgjorbare forbindelser. It is known to provide an electrical connection by pressing two metal bodies against each other by means of springs, bolts and nuts, a magnetic field and/or by pneumatic means. Welding or soldering of such a connection does not come into consideration in this description because the purpose of the present invention is only to prepare the initially mentioned type of connections, namely non-permanent or detachable connections.
Denne gruppe av ikke-permanente forbindelser er av særlig betydning fordi det ofte onskes ved anlegg, f.eks. for katodisk beskyttelse, å kunne skifte ut deler på enkel måte, og sveising og lodding er derfor utelukket i en slik sammenheng. This group of non-permanent connections is of particular importance because it is often desired in facilities, e.g. for cathodic protection, to be able to replace parts easily, and welding and soldering are therefore excluded in such a context.
Det er ofte blitt foreslått f.eks. å feste anodene for katodisk beskyttelse ved hjelp av bolter og muttere eller magneter til gjenstanden som skal beskyttes, fordi delene derved lett kan utskiftes. Imidlertid forringes den elektriske kontakt på grunn av korrosjon, hvilket er meget uheldig. Det har vist seg praktisk umulig å slipe to metallegemer, f.eks. en skipsside og anodetilkoblingen, It has often been suggested e.g. to attach the anodes for cathodic protection by means of bolts and nuts or magnets to the object to be protected, because the parts can thereby be easily replaced. However, the electrical contact deteriorates due to corrosion, which is very unfortunate. It has proven practically impossible to grind two metal bodies, e.g. a ship side and the anode connection,
så glatte at ingen fuktighet eller ingen elektrolytt kan trenge so smooth that no moisture or no electrolyte can penetrate
inn mellom disse og derved forårsake korrosjon med derav folgende forringelse av den elektriske kontakt. in between these and thereby cause corrosion with consequent deterioration of the electrical contact.
Det har vært utfort forsok for med kjente tetningsmaterialer å eliminere denne ulempe, men man har ikke oppnådd tilfredsstillende resultater fordi disse materialer er elektrisk isolerende og således den elektriske kontakt i det minste delvis forstyrres av disse materialer. Metallfoliepakninger er i praksis ubruk-bare fordi det trykk som er nodvendig for å få foliepakningen til å tilpasse seg den nodvendige profil og fullstendig dekke de mot hverandre liggende organer, er for stort. Attempts have been made to eliminate this disadvantage with known sealing materials, but satisfactory results have not been achieved because these materials are electrically insulating and thus the electrical contact is at least partially disturbed by these materials. Metal foil gaskets are practically unusable because the pressure required to make the foil gasket adapt to the required profile and completely cover the organs lying against each other is too great.
Formålet med oppfinnelsen er å eliminere denne ulempe. Det har overraskende vist seg at hvis man påforer blote metaller som f.eks. bly, tinn, vismut, indium, litium, sink osv. eller legeringer av disse metaller for så vidt maksimum hardhet av disse metaller ikke overskrider 2,5 på Mohs skala, i et sjikt i en tykkelse ikke over 1,5 mm, så er det tilstrekkelig med et lett trykk på i det minste det ene organ for å oppnå en fullstendig avtettende og elektrisk ledende forbindelse mellom dette organ og et annet ubearbeidet metallorgan. Det overraskende ved denne opprinnelse er at f.eks. blyfolie av samme tykkelse, anordnet mellom disse to metallorganer, ved det samme trykk eller ved et vesentlig hoyere, ikke i tilfredsstillende grad hindrer inntrengning av elektrolytt, mens hvis dette bly ifolge oppfinnelsen er anordnet på organets overflater som heftende sjikt, oppnås en fullstendig avtetning. Hardhetsforholdet mellom det avtettende blote metall eller metall-legering og hardmetallorganene som trykkes mot hverandre, utgjor uttrykt i Mohs-enheter, i det minste 1:2. The purpose of the invention is to eliminate this disadvantage. It has surprisingly turned out that if you apply bare metals such as e.g. lead, tin, bismuth, indium, lithium, zinc, etc. or alloys of these metals insofar as the maximum hardness of these metals does not exceed 2.5 on the Mohs scale, in a layer of a thickness not exceeding 1.5 mm, then a slight pressure on at least one member is sufficient to achieve a completely sealing and electrically conductive connection between this member and another unworked metal member. The surprising thing about this origin is that e.g. lead foil of the same thickness, arranged between these two metal bodies, at the same pressure or at a significantly higher one, does not satisfactorily prevent the penetration of electrolyte, whereas if, according to the invention, this lead is arranged on the surfaces of the body as an adhesive layer, a complete seal is achieved. The hardness ratio between the sealing bare metal or metal alloy and the hard metal members pressed against each other, expressed in Mohs units, is at least 1:2.
I det minste ett av de mot hverandre liggende metallorganer kan galvanisk, termisk eller på annen måte være overtrukket med det avtettende blote metall. Hensiktsmessig blir imidlertid anvendt galvanisk avsetting fordi ved innstilling av strommen, valg av elektrolytt og temperatur kan det oppnås avsettinger som ved vann-stoffabsorpsjon er mer plasskrevende og vesentlig mykere enn an-bringelse av disse metaller ;ved f.eks. smelting. Med et lett trykk kan man således med letthet i dekksjiktet på det ene organ frembringe formen for organet som ikke er belagt, hvorved det oppnås en tilnærmet ideell avtetning slik at ingen elektrolytt kan trenge inn og forårsake korrosjon. På denne måte kan den elektriske forbindelse opprettholdes med uforringet kvalitet over lengre tidsrom. At least one of the metal bodies lying against each other can be galvanically, thermally or otherwise coated with the sealing bare metal. Appropriately, however, galvanic deposition is used because by setting the current, choice of electrolyte and temperature, deposits can be achieved which, due to water absorption, take up more space and are significantly softer than the application of these metals; by e.g. melting. With a light pressure, one can easily produce the shape of the non-coated organ in the cover layer of one organ, whereby an almost ideal seal is achieved so that no electrolyte can penetrate and cause corrosion. In this way, the electrical connection can be maintained with undiminished quality over a longer period of time.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelsen tilsikter å overvinne de ovennevnte ulemper, og dette loses ved at den innledningsvis nevnte anordning ifolge oppfinnelsen kjennetegnes ved at anordningen består av en permanent magnetenhet med polsko for losgjorbar festing av den magnetiske enheten på det ferromagnetiske legemet ved hjelp av tiltrekkende magnetisk kraft, elektrisk ledende understøttende midler av metall montert på nevnte enhet, og innbefattende et fjærorgan 4 som har et spisst kontaktelement 5 tilpasset for å tvinges ved hjelp av fjærorganet mot legemet 1 for således å trenge inn i nevnte legeme for etablering av en lav-motstands elektrisk forbindelse mellom de understøttende midler og nevnte legeme, hvor nevnte understøttende midler av metall ytterligere omfatter en monte ri ngsinnretning bestående av et fastspenningsorgan 10 med en fastspenningsskrue 9 for elektrisk ledende montering av en offer-anode ved losgjorbar fastspenning i fastspenningsorganet 10 ved hjelp av fastspenningsskruen 9, en anode-understottende stang 11 innleiret i det aktive materialet av offer-anoden, hvor fastspenningsskruen 9 er spiss for derved å trenge inn i anodeunderstottelsesstangen 11 for å etablere eh elektrisk lavmotstandsforbindelse mellom understottelsesmidlene og offer-anoden, hvor i det minste polsko-overflåtene 3 som er tilliggende nevnte legeme 1, det spisse kontaktorganet 5,8 og gjengene 13 The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages, and this is solved by the initially mentioned device according to the invention being characterized in that the device consists of a permanent magnet unit with a pole shoe for releasable attachment of the magnetic unit to the ferromagnetic body by means of an attractive magnetic force, electrically conductive supporting means of metal mounted on said unit, and including a spring member 4 having a pointed contact element 5 adapted to be forced by means of the spring member against the body 1 so as to penetrate said body to establish a low-resistance electrical connection between the supporting means and said body, where said metal supporting means further comprises a mounting device consisting of a clamping device 10 with a clamping screw 9 for electrically conductive mounting of a sacrificial anode by releasable clamping in the clamping means 10 using the clamping screw 9, an anode support rod 11 embedded in the active material of the sacrificial anode, where the clamping screw 9 is pointed to thereby penetrate the anode support rod 11 to establish a low electrical resistance connection between the support means and the sacrificial anode, where at least polsko- the surfaces 3 adjacent to said body 1, the pointed contact member 5,8 and the threads 13
og spissen 12 av fastspenningsskruen 9 er belagt med et blotere metall enn metallet i nevnte legeme 1 som skal beskyttes. and the tip 12 of the clamping screw 9 is coated with a barer metal than the metal in said body 1 to be protected.
Muttere og bolter som i ubearbeidet form alltid bevirker opptrek-ning av elektrolytt som forårsaker korrosjon og til og med kan fullstendig tære opp disse gjenstander kan, hvis behandlet ifolge oppfinnelsen, benyttes årevis i og utenfor elektrolytten uten at korrosjon opptrer, ved at overtrekket av blott metall på grunn av trykket fra bolten respektive mutteren som trekkes til, fullstendig trlpasser seg den ru overflaten på mutteren, slik at man derved oppnår en fullstendig avtetning mellom bolten og mutteren mot inntrengning av elektrolytt. Således kan man på vanlig måte med flenser, bolter og muttere, forbinde rbrledninger med hverandre uten at det oppstår korrosjonsproblemer ved at den ene flens er overtrukket med et blott metall ifolge oppfinnelsen. Normalpak-ningen av isolasjonsmateriale, som f.eks. asbest, klingeritt, osv. kan da sloyfes, hvilket kan være av stor fordel, fordi disse pakninger som isolerer mot elektriske strommer, forstyrrer når man f.eks. vil beskytte disse ror katodisk. Avtetning ved hjelp av blott metall ifolge oppfinnelsen mellom flensene hindrer ikke stromovergang som er nodvendig for katodisk beskyttelse uten motstand, og beskytter bedre mot korrosjon. Nuts and bolts which in untreated form always cause the attraction of electrolyte which causes corrosion and can even completely corrode these objects can, if treated according to the invention, be used for years in and out of the electrolyte without corrosion occurring, in that the coating of mere metal, due to the pressure from the bolt or the nut being tightened, completely conforms to the rough surface of the nut, so that a complete seal is achieved between the bolt and the nut against the ingress of electrolyte. Thus, in the usual way, with flanges, bolts and nuts, water pipes can be connected to each other without corrosion problems arising because one flange is coated with a bare metal according to the invention. The normal packaging of insulation material, such as Asbestos, klingerite, etc. can then be sloyfed, which can be of great advantage, because these gaskets which insulate against electric currents, interfere when one e.g. will protect these rudders cathodically. Sealing by means of bare metal according to the invention between the flanges does not prevent current transfer which is necessary for cathodic protection without resistance, and protects better against corrosion.
Oppfinnelsen skal nærmere forklares nedenfor ved hjelp av ut-forelseseksempler under henvisning til tegningen, hvor The invention will be explained in more detail below by means of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing, where
fig. 1 viser et grunnriss av en sammenføyning for feste av en anode til en stålgjenstand, f.eks. til en skipsside, samt en fastspenningsanordning for elektrisk montering av en offeranode; fig. 1 shows a plan view of a joint for attaching an anode to a steel object, e.g. to a ship's side, as well as a clamping device for electrical mounting of a sacrificial anode;
fig. 2 viser den samme sammenfoyning i sideriss, hvor kun en overflate av gjenstanden som skal beskyttes er inntegnet, og hvor Z betegner sinkanode; fig. 2 shows the same joint in side view, where only one surface of the object to be protected is drawn, and where Z denotes the zinc anode;
fig. 3 viser en detalj av sammenfSyningen av anordningen med stål-gjenstanden som skal beskyttes, nærmere bestemt en spiss skruekon-takt i snitt; og fig. 3 shows a detail of the assembly of the device with the steel object to be protected, more specifically a pointed screw contact in section; and
fig. 4 viser en forbindelse av en del av systemet som er vist i fig. 1 med en skruebolt. fig. 4 shows a connection of part of the system shown in fig. 1 with a screw bolt.
Fig. 1-3 viser skjematisk hvorledes en sinkanode er festet til en skips-side 1 ved hjelp av magneter 2. Disse magneter 2 utgjores av keramiske magnetringer, mellom hvilke det befinner seg stålpolsko. 3. Disse polsko 3 blir trykket .mot gjenstanden 1, som skal beskyttes, ved hjelp av magnetkraft. Sinkanoden Z er anordnet på magneten ved hjelp av understøttende midler av metall, som består av et fjærorgan 4, som er montert på magneten.2. Fjærorganet 4 har en spisset skrue 5, og nevnte fjærorganet 4 er elektrisk i ledende kontakt med" sinklegemet på stedet 6. Denne kon-struksjon gir en motstand på mindre enn 0,01 ohm for den katodiske beskyttelses-strom. Denne motstand kan, etter at elektrolytten i lopet av en viss tid har innvirket på konstruksjonen og etter at korrosjon er frembragt av inntrengende elektrolytt, stige inntil 10 ohm, slik at beskyttelsen reduseres. Blir imidlertid i det minste på kontaktstedene i kretsen de korrosjonsomfindtlige deler som f.eks. stålpolsko, bolter, fjærer eller spiss-skruer, overtrukket med et blott metall som f.eks. bly, tinn, litium eller legeringer av disse, forblir motstanden over lengre tidsrom 0,01 ohm som tilsiktet, hvorved man oppnår tilfredsstillende katodisk beskyttelse da ingen korrosjon kan oppstå på grunn av inntrengende elektrolytt. Fig. 1-3 shows schematically how a zinc anode is attached to a ship's side 1 by means of magnets 2. These magnets 2 are made of ceramic magnetic rings, between which there are steel pole shoes. 3. These pole shoes 3 are pressed against the object 1, which is to be protected, by means of magnetic force. The zinc anode Z is arranged on the magnet by means of supporting means of metal, consisting of a spring member 4, which is mounted on the magnet. 2. The spring member 4 has a pointed screw 5, and said spring member 4 is electrically in conductive contact with the zinc body at the location 6. This construction provides a resistance of less than 0.01 ohm to the cathodic protection current. This resistance can, after that the electrolyte over a certain period of time has affected the construction and after corrosion has been produced by penetrating electrolyte, rise up to 10 ohms, so that the protection is reduced. However, at least at the contact points in the circuit, the corrosion-prone parts such as steel pole shoes become , bolts, springs or pointed screws, coated with a bare metal such as lead, tin, lithium or alloys thereof, the resistance over a long period of time remains 0.01 ohm as intended, thereby achieving satisfactory cathodic protection as no corrosion may occur due to intruding electrolyte.
Årsaken til dette er at det trykk som på kontaktstedet utover på organ overtrukket med blott metall, bevirker at kontaktflatene ligger tett an mot hverandre og således ikke tillater inntrengning av korroderende elektrolytt. The reason for this is that the pressure exerted on the contact point outwards on an organ coated with bare metal causes the contact surfaces to lie close to each other and thus does not allow the penetration of corrosive electrolyte.
I fig. 3 er angitt hvorledes denne avtetning dannes for spiss-skruen. Blotmetallsjiktet 7, som til å begynne med dekker hele spiss-skruen 5 presses vekk fra spissen og danner en avtettende flens omkring kontaktforbindelsen. In fig. 3 shows how this seal is formed for the pointed screw. The bare metal layer 7, which initially covers the entire pointed screw 5, is pressed away from the tip and forms a sealing flange around the contact connection.
Et annet eksempel er en metallkonstruksjon som befinner seg i sjb-vann, og til hvilken magnesium-anoder kan være anordnet for å beskytte denne katodisk. Feste av disse anoder skjer ved hjelp av klemmer som på den ene side kan være forsynt med gjengeåpninger for å muliggjore kontakt med befestigelsesorgan for magnesium-anoden ved hjelp av spiss-skruer, mens på den andre siden av disse klemmer kan være anordnet slisser, i hvilke ved hjelp av gjenger, spiss-skruer kan trekkes og tjene til å feste disse klemmer f.eks. jernribber på konstruksjonen som skal beskyttes. Another example is a metal structure that is in sbb water, and to which magnesium anodes can be arranged to protect this cathodically. Fixing of these anodes takes place by means of clamps which on one side may be provided with threaded openings to enable contact with the fastening means for the magnesium anode by means of pointed screws, while on the other side of these clamps slots may be arranged, in which by means of threads, pointed screws can be pulled and serve to fasten these clamps, e.g. iron ribs on the structure to be protected.
En slik forbindelse er skjematisk vist i fig. 4. En skruebolt 9 bevirker elektrisk ledende kontakt mellom to metall-legemer 10 og 11. Legemet 10 utgjor en del av organet 4, og tjener som et fastspenningsorgan, og legemet 11 er en stang som er innleiret i sinkanoden Z eller vice versa. Bolten har en spiss 12, med hvilken den kan inntrenge i legemet 11. Such a connection is schematically shown in fig. 4. A screw bolt 9 causes electrically conductive contact between two metal bodies 10 and 11. The body 10 forms part of the member 4, and serves as a clamping member, and the body 11 is a rod embedded in the zinc anode Z or vice versa. The bolt has a tip 12, with which it can penetrate the body 11.
Så lenge en slik forbindelse er ny er virkningen fremragende, men etter et kort tidsrom oppstår korrosjon mellom spiss-skruen og organet 11, og korrosjon oppstår også i gjengepartiet for skrue-bolten 9 i organet 10. Alle disse korroderte berøringsflater gir en så stor motstand for elektrolysestrommen at praktisk talt ingen katodisk beskyttelse mer kan finne sted. Dessuten reduseres den mekaniske styrke for en slik klemforbindelse ved korrosjon. As long as such a connection is new, the effect is excellent, but after a short period of time corrosion occurs between the pointed screw and the member 11, and corrosion also occurs in the threaded portion of the screw bolt 9 in the member 10. All these corroded contact surfaces provide such a great resistance for the electrolytic current that practically no cathodic protection can take place anymore. In addition, the mechanical strength of such a clamp connection is reduced by corrosion.
Blir imidlertid skrue-bolten 9 med spissen 12 ifolge oppfinnelsen overtrukket galvanisk eller termisk med et sjikt 13 av blotmetall som f.eks. bly eller en legering som f.eks. bly/tinn, kan imidlertid den katodiske beskyttelse opprettholdes over lengre tidsrom uten forringelse. However, if the screw-bolt 9 with the tip 12 according to the invention is coated galvanically or thermally with a layer 13 of bare metal such as e.g. lead or an alloy such as lead/tin, however, the cathodic protection can be maintained for longer periods of time without deterioration.
Dette sjikt av blotmetall på konstruksjonen danner i gjengepartiet en fullstendig avtetning mot inntrengende elektrolytt på grunn av det trykk som oppstår ved ettertrekning av skruebolten. For dannelse av denne avtetning er det fordelaktig hvis skrueboltens 9 gjengeparti passer inn i organets 10 gjengeparti med en viss klaring. Også spissen på skruen som innskrus i organet 11, frem-bringer på grunn av trykk ved ettertrekning fullstendig mot hverandre liggende overflater og/eller avtettende metallflenser som hindrer enhver korrosjon mellom disse deler ved at det blote metall formes. This layer of bare metal on the construction forms a complete seal in the threaded part against penetrating electrolyte due to the pressure that occurs when the screw bolt is tightened. For the formation of this seal, it is advantageous if the threaded part of the screw bolt 9 fits into the threaded part of the body 10 with a certain clearance. Also, the tip of the screw which is screwed into the member 11, due to pressure during pulling, produces completely opposite surfaces and/or sealing metal flanges which prevent any corrosion between these parts by forming the bare metal.
Blotmetallet kan påfores den onskede overflate i et galvanisk bad som 1. ved en for hoy stromtetthet, 2. på grunn av for hoy temperatur, 3. ved en for lav pH-verdi eller på grunn, av mangel på metalliske forbindelser, gir avsetninger som er så lose at hardheten er i det minste 20% mindre enn foliet av i og for seg kjent type. For bly har f.eks. en vanlig folie en hardhet ifolge Mohs skala på 1,5, mens et overtrekk ifolge oppfinnelsen har en hardhet på ca. 1,2. Ror som ble forbundet ifolge oppfinnelsen, lot seg beskytte lettere og bedre katodisk enn ror som var forsynt med kjente avtetninger. The bare metal can be applied to the desired surface in a galvanic bath which 1. at too high a current density, 2. due to too high a temperature, 3. at too low a pH value or due to a lack of metallic compounds, produces deposits that is so loose that the hardness is at least 20% less than the foil of a known type per se. For lead, e.g. a normal foil has a hardness according to the Mohs scale of 1.5, while a cover according to the invention has a hardness of approx. 1.2. Rudders which were connected according to the invention could be protected more easily and better cathodically than rudders which were provided with known seals.
Ved de anforte eksempler kan det av praktiske grunner være enklere å forsyne såvel det ene som'det andre metallorgan med et blotmetall sjikt. In the examples cited, it may be easier for practical reasons to provide both one and the other metal body with a bare metal layer.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL6807025A NL6807025A (en) | 1968-05-17 | 1968-05-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO134721B true NO134721B (en) | 1976-08-23 |
NO134721C NO134721C (en) | 1976-12-01 |
Family
ID=19803666
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO2002/69A NO134721C (en) | 1968-05-17 | 1969-05-14 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE1924604A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2011847B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1261249A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6807025A (en) |
NO (1) | NO134721C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2212580B (en) * | 1987-11-14 | 1992-03-25 | British Aerospace | Methods of fastening composite aircraft skins |
FR2807706A1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2001-10-19 | Eurotechni Office | Electrochemical marking or etching of an electrically conducting surface involves placing patterned stencil on the surface and coating the stencil with an electrolyte at least in the pattern area |
CN112781226B (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2022-04-22 | 青岛经济技术开发区海尔热水器有限公司 | Water heater |
-
1968
- 1968-05-17 NL NL6807025A patent/NL6807025A/xx unknown
-
1969
- 1969-05-14 NO NO2002/69A patent/NO134721C/no unknown
- 1969-05-14 DE DE19691924604 patent/DE1924604A1/en active Pending
- 1969-05-16 GB GB25197/69A patent/GB1261249A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-05-19 FR FR6916094A patent/FR2011847B1/fr not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6807025A (en) | 1969-11-19 |
DE1924604A1 (en) | 1969-12-04 |
FR2011847B1 (en) | 1974-10-11 |
NO134721C (en) | 1976-12-01 |
GB1261249A (en) | 1972-01-26 |
FR2011847A1 (en) | 1970-03-13 |
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