NO133276B - - Google Patents
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- NO133276B NO133276B NO1348/73A NO134873A NO133276B NO 133276 B NO133276 B NO 133276B NO 1348/73 A NO1348/73 A NO 1348/73A NO 134873 A NO134873 A NO 134873A NO 133276 B NO133276 B NO 133276B
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- Prior art keywords
- pigment
- zirconium
- compounds
- addition
- suspension
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- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 42
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical class [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical class [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GGROONUBGIWGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] GGROONUBGIWGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 22
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 10
- IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconyl chloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)=O IPCAPQRVQMIMAN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical class [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 5
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 5
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000349 titanium oxysulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical class [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 e.g. acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000009529 zinc sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011686 zinc sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ZXAUZSQITFJWPS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOC(C)=O SVONRAPFKPVNKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical class [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001238 wet grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/36—Compounds of titanium
- C09C1/3607—Titanium dioxide
- C09C1/3653—Treatment with inorganic compounds
- C09C1/3661—Coating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrorer en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et titandioxydpigment, som ved anvendelse i lakker viser en oket værbestandighet, særlig en forbedret kritningsresistens og glansretensjon. The present invention relates to a method for the production of a titanium dioxide pigment, which, when used in varnishes, shows an increased weather resistance, in particular an improved resistance to chalking and gloss retention.
Det har allerede lenge vært kjent å forbedre titandioxydpigmenters værbestandighet ved efterbehandlinger. Således blir f. eks. det malte pigment oppslemmet i vann under tilsetning av et dispergeringsmiddel, eventuelt underkastet en våtmaling og/eller klassering og derefter tilsatt et vannloselig silikat og/eller et vannloselig aluminiumsalt og/eller andre metallsalter og derpå alkali, filtrert, vasket, torret og malt. Ved siden av silikater og aluminiumsalter har det vært foreslått en rekke andre salter, It has long been known to improve the weather resistance of titanium dioxide pigments by post-treatments. Thus, e.g. the ground pigment suspended in water with the addition of a dispersant, possibly subjected to a wet painting and/or grading and then added a water-insoluble silicate and/or a water-insoluble aluminum salt and/or other metal salts and then alkali, filtered, washed, dried and ground. Alongside silicates and aluminum salts, a number of other salts have been proposed,
f. eks. salter av magnesium, zink, titan, zirkonium og cerium. Særlig blir f. eks. salter av aluminium og titan såvel som silikater anvendt. e.g. salts of magnesium, zinc, titanium, zirconium and cerium. In particular, e.g. salts of aluminum and titanium as well as silicates used.
Den kritningsresistens som oppnås ved en slik efterbehandling er for mange anvendelsesområder ikke tilstrekkelig. Det lykkes riktignok å oppnå et rutilpigment med ytterligere forbedret kritningsresistens og glansretensjon ved at pigmentet gis to av de ovenfor beskrevne efterbehandlinger efter hverandre (DT-PS 1.198*950) . ;Ifolge US patent nr. 3«513«007 forbedres titandioxydpigmentets farvekraft og glans ved en 2-trinns fremgangsmåte for belegning ved forst å belegge pigmentet med okydhydrater av silicium, titan og/eller zirkonium og/eller et fosfat og derefter utfelle oxydhydrater av aluminium, cerium og/eller kalcium på pigmentet ved samtidig å tilsette til suspensjonen av pigmentet vannopploselige, hydrolyserbare forbindelser av metallene og et alkali på en slik måte at pH i dispersjonen holdes innenfor området 6-10 under tilsetningsperioden. Ifolge eksemplene 8 - 11 i patentet tilsettes forst en zirkoniumsulfatopplosning til TiOp-oppslemningen og pH innstilles på 3 med natriumhydroxyd for den efterfolgende tilsetning av hydrolyserbare forbindelser og alkali. ;Disse fremgangsmåter har imidlertid den ulempe at et storre antall arbeidstrinn er nodvendig så de blir forholdsvis omstendelige og kostbare. ;Man har derfor sokt å finne en vei hvorved man med bare en enkelt efterbehandling kan oppnå en vesentlig forbedring av kritningsresistens og glansretensjon. Således ble titandioxydpigment behandlet slik at i tilslutning til utfelling av forbindelser av titan, aluminium og eventuelt silisium også et zirkoniumsalt ble tilsatt. Ved denne tilsetning av zirkoniumsaltet oppnådde man imidlertid ingen vesentlig forbedring av kritningsresistens og glansretensjon. Overraskende konstanterte man imidlertid at en betydelig forbedring av kritningsresistens og glansretensjon ble oppnådd hvis man foretar efterbehandlingen med zirkoniumsaltet for de ovrige efterbehandlingsforbindelser, og minst delvis ut-feller zirkoniumdioxydhydrat direkte på pigmentoverflaten. ;Man har på denne måte funnet en ny fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et titandioxydpigment med forbedret værbestandighet ved efterbehandlingen som gjennomfores således at et titandioxydpigment, ;fremstilt på en hvilken som helst måte, i vandig oppslemning tilsettes vannloselige salter av aluminium og zirkonium og eventuelt en eller flere andre vannloselige metallsalter som ved noytralisasjon gir ikkefarvede og tungtloseligé oxydhydrater eller andre ikkefarvede og tungtloseligé forbindelser, og/eller eventuelt et vannloselig silikat, hvorpå suspensjonen noytraliseres og det således behandlede pigment filtreres, vaskes, torres og males. Fremgangsmåten er karakterisert ved at ved en ett-trinns efterbehandling tilsettes zirkoniumsaltet for de ovrige forbindelser og zirkonium utfelles i det minste délvis som zirkoniumdioxydhydrat på overflaten av titandioxydpigmentet for utfellingav ytterligere oxydhydrater og/eller ytterligere tungtloseligé forbindelser begynner, og forst efter tilsetning av alle metallsalter og/eller eventuelt silikatet, tilsettes eventuelt, ved sur reaksjon i suspensjonen, en alkalisk reagerende forbindelse resp. en alkalisk reagerende forbindelsesblanding . ■ til minst noytral reaksjon, og ved alkalisk reaksjon i suspensjonen derimot, en surt reagerende forbindelse resp. en surt reagerende forbindelses- ;blanding til minst nøytral reaksjon, hvorefter pigmentet på kjent måte filtreres, vaskes, torres og males. ;Ved fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen er det mulig med bare en enkelt efterbehandling av et rutilpigment å gi dette en så god . kritningsresistens og glansretensjon som det hittil bare har vært mulig å oppnå med en dobbelt efterbehandling, og uten de hoye omkostninger som en dobbelt efterbehandling medfører. ;Man oppnår allerede meget gode resultater når bare salter av zirkonium og aluminium anvendes. Man kan imidlertid også anvende ytterligere en eller flere andre efterbehandlingsforbindelser. ;En særlig utforingsform av fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen er karakterisert ved at det ved efterbehandlingen, foruten salter av aluminium og zirkonium, anvendes et titansalt og/eller et zink-salt og/eller silikat. ;Til nøytralisering av suspensjonen kan, som alkalisk reagerende forbindelse, f. eks. anvendes hydroxyder eller karbonater av alkalimetaller eller jordalkalimetaller, ammoniakk eller ammoniumkarbonat. Som surt reagerende forbindelser egner seg ;f. eks. syrer, som saltsyre eller svovelsyre. En særlig fordel-aktig utforingsform av oppfinnelsen er karakterisert ved at den alkalisk reagerende eller surt reagerende forbindelse resp. blanding av forbindelser som anvendes ved nøytralisering av suspensjonen vesentlig består av en eller flere forbindelser som likeledes ved nøytraliseringen danner et ikkefarvet og tungtloselig oxydhydrat eller en ellers ikkefarvet og tungtloselig forbindelse. Eksempel på alkalisk reagerende forbindelser er alkalisilikat eller alkalialuminat. Som surt reagerende forbindelser er f. eks. surt reagerende salter av aluminium og titan egnet,.,, f. eks. klorider eller sulfater. Denne utf oringsf orm har den fordel at man sparer noyfcraliseringsmiddel. Selvfølgelig kan også begge slag av alkalisk resp. surt reagerende noytraliserings-midler anvendes samtidig eller til forskjellige tidspunkt. ;Det er vesentlig at allerede minst en del av zirkoniumdioxydhydratet felles direkte på titandioxydpigmentet for noen andre oxydhydrater resp. andre tungtloseligé forbindelser utfelles. Går man f. eks. ved efterbehandlingen ut fra en alkalisk pigment-suspensjon, som i alminnelighet har en pH på 9 - 10, da utfelles vanligvis allerede umiddelbart under og/eller efter tilsetningen av det, i alminnelighet surt reagerende zirkoniumsalt opp til 0,5 vekt-? zirkoniumdioxydhydrat, beregnet som ZrO^ og beregnet på det anvendte pigment, hvorved pH verdien synker til det sure området. Er pigmentoppslemningen ikke så alkalisk eller vil man allerede i begynnelsen felle mer zirkoniumdioxydhydrat går man fortrinsvis frem slik at suspensjonens pH efter tilsetning av zirkoniumsaltet og for tilsetningen av de ovrige efterbehandlings-substanser blir forskjovet til felningsområdet for zirkoniumdioxydhydratet. ;Hver av de forbindelser som anvendes til efterbehandling kan anvendes i vanlige mengder. Zirkoniumsaltet er allerede virksomt i en mengde på 0,2 vekt-?, beregnet som ZrOg og beregnet på det anvendte pigment. Oppover er mengden som kan anvendes ikke skarpt avgrenset men bor i alminnelighet, av prismessige årsaker, ikke være over 1 vekt-?. En mengde på ca. 0,5 vekt-? er særlig fore-trukket . ;Et på hvilken som helst måte fremstillet titandioxydpigment kan anvendés ved fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen. Dette pigment kan være fremstillet efter de forskjelligste fremgangsmåter, ;f. eks. efter den såkalte sulfatprosess eller kloridprosess. ;I detalj kan f. eks. efterbehandlingen gjennomfores på folgende måte'- Titandioxydpigment et oppslemmes i vann, eventuelt under tilsetning av et dispergeringsmiddel og derpå eventuelt under-kastes en våtformaling og/eller klassering. Deretter tilsettes til oppslemmingen, fortrinsvis under omroring, et zirkoniumsalt, f. eks. zirkonylklorid eller zirkoniumsulfat. Efter en eventuell påfolgende tilsetning av et noytraliseringsmiddel tilsettes, fortrinsvis også under omroring, et aluminiumsalt og eventuelt ett eller flere ytterligere metallsalter og/éller eventuelt et vannloselig silikat, f. eks. alkalisilikat, i vilkårlig rekkefolge. Alle forbindelser tilsettes fortrinsvis i form av vandige opplosninger. Blandingen tilsettes, eventuelt ved sur reaksjon av suspensjonen, en alkalisk reagerende forbindelse (f. eks. alkali eller ammoniakk og/eller alkalialuminat) til minst noytral reaksjon. Ved alkalisk reaksjon i suspensjonen blir derimot en surt reagerende forbindelse (f. eks. en syre og/ eller et surt reagerende salt) tilsatt til minst noytral reaksjon. Det således behandlede pigment blir filtrert, vasket, torret og malt. ;Eventuelt kan pigmentet efter belegning med anorganiske forbindelser behandles på i og for seg kjent vis med organiske forbindelser . ;For testing av titandioxydpigmentet fremstillet ifolge foreliggende oppfinnelse ble det innarbeidet i en lakk og dennes kritning og glans, i avhengighet av den tid den blir utsatt for forvitring, målt. Det ble gått frem på folgende måte: Til fremstilling av en paste ble 75 g titandioxydpigment og 50 g av en fettsyremodifisert alkydharpiks med midlere oljelengde kjort to ganger i en trevalsemolle. 75 g av denne paste ble blandet med ytterligere 94 g av harpiksen og 21+, 7 g av en opplosning be-stående av 160 deler white spirit, 2+0 deler etylglykolacetat og 21+ deler etylglykol, som på vanlig måte var tilsatt sikativ og en liten mengde av en silikonolje og et antiskinnmiddel. Blandingen ble påfort en stålplate, torret 1 time og brent 1 time ved 90°C. Malingen ble utsatt for 20 minutters sykler i et værometer med kullbuelys, hvor provene i hver syklus ble bestrålt i 17 minutter .og i 3 minutter besproytet med vann. Målingen av kritningen foregikk efter DIN 53 159* Som måleverdi for kritningsresistensen tjente antall dager til kritningen kunne påvises visuelt. Glansen ble bestemt med et Gardener-20°-Glansmeter. Som måleverdi for glansretensjon tjente antall dager til glansen var sunket til 25% av maksimum. The chalking resistance achieved by such finishing is not sufficient for many areas of application. It is admittedly successful to obtain a rutile pigment with further improved resistance to chalking and gloss retention by giving the pigment two of the above-described finishing treatments one after the other (DT-PS 1.198*950). According to US patent no. 3,513,007, the titanium dioxide pigment's coloring power and gloss are improved by a 2-stage method for coating by first coating the pigment with oxide hydrates of silicon, titanium and/or zirconium and/or a phosphate and then precipitating oxide hydrates of aluminum , cerium and/or calcium on the pigment by simultaneously adding to the suspension of the pigment water-soluble, hydrolyzable compounds of the metals and an alkali in such a way that the pH in the dispersion is kept within the range 6-10 during the addition period. According to examples 8 - 11 in the patent, a zirconium sulfate solution is first added to the TiOp slurry and the pH is adjusted to 3 with sodium hydroxide for the subsequent addition of hydrolyzable compounds and alkali. However, these methods have the disadvantage that a greater number of work steps are necessary, so they become relatively cumbersome and expensive. One has therefore sought to find a way by which, with just a single finishing treatment, a significant improvement in chalking resistance and gloss retention can be achieved. Thus, titanium dioxide pigment was treated so that, in addition to the precipitation of compounds of titanium, aluminum and possibly silicon, a zirconium salt was also added. With this addition of the zirconium salt, however, no significant improvement in chalking resistance and gloss retention was achieved. Surprisingly, however, it was established that a significant improvement in chalking resistance and gloss retention was achieved if one carries out the finishing with the zirconium salt for the other finishing compounds, and at least partially precipitates zirconium dioxide hydrate directly on the pigment surface. In this way, a new method has been found for the production of a titanium dioxide pigment with improved weather resistance during the post-treatment, which is carried out in such a way that a titanium dioxide pigment, produced in any way, in an aqueous slurry is added to water-soluble salts of aluminum and zirconium and possibly one or several other water-soluble metal salts which on neutralization give non-coloured and poorly soluble oxide hydrates or other non-coloured and poorly soluble compounds, and/or optionally a water-soluble silicate, after which the suspension is neutralized and the thus treated pigment is filtered, washed, dried and ground. The method is characterized by the fact that in a one-step post-treatment, the zirconium salt is added for the other compounds and zirconium is precipitated at least partially as zirconium dioxide hydrate on the surface of the titanium dioxide pigment before the precipitation of further oxide hydrates and/or further heavy-loose compounds begins, and only after the addition of all metal salts and /or optionally the silicate, is optionally added, by acidic reaction in the suspension, an alkaline reacting compound resp. an alkaline reacting compound mixture. ■ to at least a neutral reaction, and in the case of an alkaline reaction in the suspension, on the other hand, an acid-reacting compound or an acid-reacting compound mixture to at least a neutral reaction, after which the pigment is filtered, washed, dried and ground in a known manner. With the method according to the invention, it is possible with just a single post-treatment of a rutile pigment to give it such a good quality. resistance to chalking and gloss retention which until now has only been possible to achieve with a double finish, and without the high costs that a double finish entails. Very good results are already achieved when only salts of zirconium and aluminum are used. However, one or more other post-treatment compounds can also be used. A particular embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that, in addition to salts of aluminum and zirconium, a titanium salt and/or a zinc salt and/or silicate is used during the post-treatment. For neutralizing the suspension, as an alkaline reacting compound, e.g. hydroxides or carbonates of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals, ammonia or ammonium carbonate are used. Suitable as acid-reactive compounds; e.g. e.g. acids, such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the alkaline-reactive or acid-reactive compound resp. mixture of compounds used for neutralization of the suspension essentially consists of one or more compounds which also form a colorless and poorly soluble oxide hydrate or an otherwise colorless and poorly soluble compound during the neutralization. Examples of alkaline reacting compounds are alkali silicate or alkali aluminate. As acid-reactive compounds are, e.g. acid-reacting salts of aluminum and titanium suitable,.,, e.g. chlorides or sulfates. This embodiment has the advantage that it saves noyfcralizing agent. Of course, both types of alkaline resp. acid-reacting neutralizing agents are used simultaneously or at different times. It is essential that already at least part of the zirconium dioxide hydrate falls directly on the titanium dioxide pigment for some other oxide hydrates or other tungloseligé compounds are precipitated. If you go, e.g. during the post-treatment based on an alkaline pigment suspension, which generally has a pH of 9 - 10, is usually already precipitated immediately during and/or after the addition of the generally acid-reacting zirconium salt up to 0.5 wt. zirconium dioxide hydrate, calculated as ZrO^ and calculated on the pigment used, whereby the pH value drops to the acidic range. If the pigment slurry is not so alkaline or if you want to precipitate more zirconium dioxide hydrate already at the beginning, you preferably proceed so that the pH of the suspension after the addition of the zirconium salt and before the addition of the other post-treatment substances is shifted to the precipitation range for the zirconium dioxide hydrate. Each of the compounds used for finishing can be used in normal amounts. The zirconium salt is already effective in an amount of 0.2% by weight, calculated as ZrOg and calculated on the pigment used. Above that, the amount that can be used is not sharply delimited but generally, for price reasons, does not exceed 1 weight-?. A quantity of approx. 0.5 weight-? is particularly preferred. A titanium dioxide pigment produced in any way can be used in the method according to the invention. This pigment can be produced according to a variety of methods, e.g. e.g. according to the so-called sulfate process or chloride process. In detail, e.g. the post-treatment is carried out in the following way - titanium dioxide pigment is suspended in water, optionally with the addition of a dispersant, and then optionally subjected to a wet grinding and/or grading. A zirconium salt, e.g. zirconyl chloride or zirconium sulfate. After any subsequent addition of a neutralizing agent, an aluminum salt and optionally one or more further metal salts and/or optionally a water-insoluble silicate, e.g. alkali silicate, in any order. All compounds are preferably added in the form of aqueous solutions. An alkaline-reacting compound (e.g. alkali or ammonia and/or alkali aluminate) is added to the mixture, possibly in the case of an acidic reaction of the suspension, until the reaction is at least neutral. In the case of an alkaline reaction in the suspension, on the other hand, an acid-reacting compound (e.g. an acid and/or an acid-reacting salt) is added until the reaction is at least neutral. The thus treated pigment is filtered, washed, dried and ground. Optionally, after coating with inorganic compounds, the pigment can be treated in a manner known per se with organic compounds. ;For testing the titanium dioxide pigment produced according to the present invention, it was incorporated into a varnish and its chalking and gloss, depending on the time it is exposed to weathering, measured. The procedure was as follows: To produce a paste, 75 g of titanium dioxide pigment and 50 g of a fatty acid-modified alkyd resin with medium oil length were run twice in a three-roll mill. 75 g of this paste was mixed with a further 94 g of the resin and 21+, 7 g of a solution consisting of 160 parts of white spirit, 2+0 parts of ethyl glycol acetate and 21+ parts of ethyl glycol, which had in the usual way been added siccative and a small amount of a silicone oil and an anti-tan agent. The mixture was applied to a steel plate, dried for 1 hour and fired for 1 hour at 90°C. The paint was subjected to 20 minute cycles in a weatherometer with carbon arc light, where in each cycle the sample was irradiated for 17 minutes and sprayed with water for 3 minutes. The chalking was measured according to DIN 53 159* The number of days until the chalking could be visually detected served as a measurement value for the chalking resistance. Gloss was determined with a Gardener 20° gloss meter. The number of days until the gloss had decreased to 25% of the maximum served as a measurement value for gloss retention.
I de folgende eksempler skal oppfinnelsen utdypes nærmere. Efter-behandlingsforbindelsene ble, når intet annet er anfort, tilfort i form av vandige oppløsninger av zirkonylklorid, tåtanylsulfat, vannglass, aluminiumsulfat og zinksulfat med et innhold på 100 g pr. liter, beregnet som det respektive oxyd. In the following examples, the invention will be elaborated in more detail. The post-treatment compounds were, when nothing else stated, added in the form of aqueous solutions of zirconyl chloride, totanyl sulfate, water glass, aluminum sulfate and zinc sulfate with a content of 100 g per liter, calculated as the respective oxyd.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
Et rutilpigment, fremstilt efter sulfatprosessen, ble oppslemmet med avsaltet vann under tilsetning av natriumhydroxyd, natrium-hexametafosfat og monoisopropanolamin som dispergeringsmiddel. For efterbehandling ble 17 1 av suspensjonen (tilsvarende 5 kg TiOg) med en pH på 9,5 oppvarmet til 60°C. Under stadig omroring pg opprettholdelse av temperaturen ble derpå 150Uml zirkonylkloridopplosning, tilsvarende 0, 3% ZrO^, beregnet på pigmentet, tilsatt og efter tilsetningen ble der rort i 10 minutter. pH falt derved til 2. A rutile pigment, produced after the sulphate process, was slurried with desalted water while adding sodium hydroxide, sodium hexametaphosphate and monoisopropanolamine as a dispersant. For post-treatment, 17 1 of the suspension (corresponding to 5 kg of TiOg) with a pH of 9.5 was heated to 60°C. With constant stirring to maintain the temperature, 150 Uml of zirconyl chloride solution, corresponding to 0.3% ZrO^ calculated on the pigment, was then added and after the addition was stirred for 10 minutes. The pH thereby fell to 2.
Derefter ble folgende tilsetninger tilfort efter hverandre: The following additions were then added one after the other:
1. 500 ml titanylsulfatopplosning, tilsvarende 1% TiOg, beregnet på pigmentet, og derefter 10 minutter omroring, 2. 500 ml vannglassopplosning, tilsvarende 1% SiO^, beregnet på pigmentet og derefter 10 minutter omroring, 3. 1000 ml aluminiumsulfatopplosning, tilsvarende 2% Al^O^, beregnet på pigmentet, og derpå 10 minutter omroring, 1. 500 ml titanyl sulfate solution, corresponding to 1% TiOg, calculated for the pigment, and then 10 minutes stirring, 2. 500 ml water glass solution, corresponding to 1% SiO^, calculated for the pigment and then 10 minutes stirring, 3. 1000 ml aluminum sulfate solution, corresponding to 2 % Al^O^, calculated on the pigment, and then stirring for 10 minutes,
k> fortynnet ammoniakkopplosning til en pH på 8, kt hvorefter k> dilute ammonia solution to a pH of 8, kt after which
det ble omrort i 30 minutter. it was stirred for 30 minutes.
Suspensjonen ble filtrert, gjentagne ganger vasket med avsaltet vann og torret i et torreskap 15 - 20 timer ved 120°C. Pigmentet ble derefter finmalt på en strålemblle. The suspension was filtered, repeatedly washed with desalted water and dried in a drying cabinet for 15-20 hours at 120°C. The pigment was then finely milled on a jet roller.
Eksempel la Example la
Det samme rutilpigment som i Eksempel 1 ble, som beskrevet i Eksempel 1, forberedt til efterbehandling. Derpå ble folgende tilsetninger foretatt efter hverandre, 'hvor der for hver videre tilsetning ble rort i 10 minutter: The same rutile pigment as in Example 1 was, as described in Example 1, prepared for finishing. The following additions were then made one after the other, where each further addition was stirred for 10 minutes:
1. §00 ml titanylsulfatopplosning, 1. §00 ml titanyl sulfate solution,
2. 500 ml vannglassopplosning, 2. 500 ml water glass solution,
3» 1000 ml aluminiumsulfatopplosning, 3» 1000 ml aluminum sulfate solution,
k' fortynnet natronlut til pH 9, k' diluted caustic soda to pH 9,
5. 150 ml zirkonylkloridopplosning, 5. 150 ml zirconyl chloride solution,
6. fortynnet ammoniakkopplosning til pH 8, k> 6. dilute ammonia solution to pH 8, k>
Tilsetningene tilsvarte 1% TiO£, 1% SiOg, 2% ^- 2°3 og 0,3$ Zr02' beregnet på det anvendte pigment. The additions corresponded to 1% TiO£, 1% SiOg, 2% ^- 2°3 and 0.3$ ZrO 2' calculated on the pigment used.
Pigmentet ble derefter viderebehandlet som i Eksempel 1. The pigment was then further processed as in Example 1.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
Det ble arbeidet som i Eksempel 1, meil med den forskjell at mengden av tilsatt zirkonylkloridopplosning var 500 ml, tilsvarende 1% Zr0g, beregnet på det anvendte pigment. The work was carried out as in Example 1, with the difference that the quantity of added zirconyl chloride solution was 500 ml, corresponding to 1% Zr0g, calculated on the pigment used.
Eksempel 2a Example 2a
Eksempel 2 ble gjentatt med den forskjell at zirkonylkloridtil-setningen, som i Eksempel la, skjedde efter tilsetningen av aluminium -sulfatet og natronluten, men i en mengde tilsvarende 1%, beregnet som ZrOg og beregnet på det anvendte pigment. Example 2 was repeated with the difference that the addition of zirconyl chloride, as in Example 1a, took place after the addition of the aluminum sulphate and the caustic soda, but in an amount corresponding to 1%, calculated as ZrOg and calculated on the pigment used.
Eksempel 2b Example 2b
Det ble arbeidet som i Eksempel Sa men med den forskjell at tilsetningen av natronlut og zirkonylklorid ble utelatt og at mengden av den tilsatte aluminiumsulfatopplosning var 1500 ml, tilsvarende 3% AlgO^ beregnet på det anvendte pigment. The work was carried out as in Example Sa, but with the difference that the addition of caustic soda and zirconyl chloride was omitted and that the quantity of the added aluminum sulphate solution was 1500 ml, corresponding to 3% AlgO^ calculated on the pigment used.
Alle produkter ble, som beskrevet ovenfor, testet med hensyn til glansretensjon og kritningsresistens. Resultatene er angitt i All products were, as described above, tested with regard to gloss retention and resistance to chalking. The results are indicated in
tabellen. the table.
Av tabellen fremgår det at selv om en efterbehandling med zirkonylklorid gir en viss forbedring av kritningsresistens og glansretensjon når det tilsettes efter de ovrige efterbehandlingsforbindelser (sammenlign Eksempel 2a med Eksempel 2b) er denne forbedring imidlertid liten og rettferdiggjor ikke omkostningene for zirkonium From the table it appears that even if a finishing treatment with zirconyl chloride gives a certain improvement in chalking resistance and gloss retention when it is added after the other finishing compounds (compare Example 2a with Example 2b), this improvement is however small and does not justify the costs for zirconium
-saltet og det tekniske merarbeidet ved tilsetningen. 1 motsetning til dette oppnådde man overraskende en sterk forbedring av kritningsresistens og glansretensjon ved å tilsette zikonylkloridet, ikke til slutt, men for de ovrige efterbehandlingsforbindelser - the salt and the additional technical work involved in the addition. In contrast, a strong improvement in chalking resistance and gloss retention was surprisingly achieved by adding the ziconyl chloride, not at the end, but before the other finishing compounds
(sammenlign Eksempel 1 og 2 med Eksemplene la og 2a). (compare Examples 1 and 2 with Examples la and 2a).
I det folgende gis ytterligere eksempler på gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten ifolge oppfinnelsen: In the following, further examples of implementation of the method according to the invention are given:
Eksempel 3 Example 3
Et rutilpigment, fremstilt efter kloridprosessen, ble klargjort for efterbehandling som i Eksempel 1. Derefter ble folgende tilsetninger gjort: A rutile pigment, produced after the chloride process, was prepared for finishing as in Example 1. Then the following additions were made:
1. 250 ml zirkonylkloridopplosning, 1. 250 ml zirconyl chloride solution,
2. 500 ml titanylsulfatopplosning, 2. 500 ml titanyl sulfate solution,
3» 1500 ml aluminiumsulfatopplosning. 3» 1500 ml aluminum sulphate solution.
De tilsatte mengder tilsvarte 0,5? Zr02.» ^ Ti02°s ^ A12°3' beregnet på det anvendte pigment. The added amounts corresponded to 0.5? Zr02.” ^ Ti02°s ^ A12°3' calculated on the pigment used.
Efter hver tilsetning ble der rort i 10 minutter. Tilsetningen av ammoniakk og den videre opparbeidelse av pigmentet fortsatte som i Eksempel 1. After each addition, it was stirred for 10 minutes. The addition of ammonia and the further processing of the pigment continued as in Example 1.
Eksempel 4 Example 4
Eksempel 3 ble gjentatt med den forskjell at i tilslutning til aluminiumsulfattilsetningen og for ammoniakktilsetningen ble 250 mm zinksulfatopplosning, tilsvarende 0,5? ZnO, beregnet på det anvendte pigment, tiléatt. Example 3 was repeated with the difference that in connection with the addition of aluminum sulphate and for the addition of ammonia, 250 mm of zinc sulphate solution, corresponding to 0.5? ZnO, calculated on the pigment used, added.
Eksempel 5 Example 5
Et rutil-pigment som var fremstilt efter kloridprosessen ble gjort klart til efterbehandling, som beskrevet i Eksempel 1. Til 20 liter av suspensjonen (tilsvarende 6 kg rutil-pigment) ble folgende tilsetninger gjort efterhverandre: A rutile pigment that had been produced after the chloride process was made ready for post-treatment, as described in Example 1. To 20 liters of the suspension (equivalent to 6 kg of rutile pigment) the following additions were made one after the other:
1. 300 ml zirkonylkloridopplosning, 1. 300 ml zirconyl chloride solution,
2. 600 ml titanylsulfatopplosning, 2. 600 ml titanyl sulfate solution,
3. 770 ml av en natriumaluminatopplosning med et innhold på 3. 770 ml of a sodium aluminate solution with a content of
175 g A12°3 Pr. liter, 175 g A12°3 Per litre,
J+. 450 ml av en opplosning som inneholdt aluminiumsulf at og J+. 450 ml of a solution containing aluminum sulphate and
zinksulfat i mengder på 100 g AlgO^ og 66,7 g ZnO pr. liter. zinc sulphate in quantities of 100 g AlgO^ and 66.7 g ZnO per litres.
Efter hver tilsetning ble der rort i 10 minutter. Suspensjonen hadde efter disse tilsetningen en pH på 7,5 slik at tilsetning av ammoniakk var unodvendig. Den ble bearbeidet videre som i Eksempel 1. Mengden av tilsatt efterbehandlingsforbindelser tilsvarte 0,5? Zr02> ^ Ti02» 3# A12°3 (total) og 0,5? ZnO, beregnet på det anvendte pigment. After each addition, it was stirred for 10 minutes. After these additions, the suspension had a pH of 7.5 so that the addition of ammonia was unnecessary. It was processed further as in Example 1. The amount of added finishing compounds corresponded to 0.5? Zr02> ^ Ti02» 3# A12°3 (total) and 0.5? ZnO, calculated on the pigment used.
Eksempel 6 Example 6
Eksempel 5 ble gjentatt med den forskjell at istedenfor oppløs-ningen som inneholdt aluminiumsulfat og zinksulfat ble anvendt 2+50 ml av den i Eksemplene 1 til 2+ anvendte aluminiumsulf atopp-losning. Mengdene av anvendte efterbehandlingsforbindelser tilsvarte 0,5? Zr02» ^% Ti02 OS' 3% A12°3» beregnet på det anvendte pigment. Example 5 was repeated with the difference that instead of the solution containing aluminum sulfate and zinc sulfate, 2+50 ml of the aluminum sulfate solution used in Examples 1 to 2+ was used. The amounts of finishing compounds used corresponded to 0.5? Zr02» ^% Ti02 OS' 3% A12°3» calculated on the pigment used.
Også de i Eksemplene 3 til 6 fremstilte pigmenter oppviste en fremragende værbestandighet. The pigments produced in Examples 3 to 6 also showed excellent weather resistance.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2223524A DE2223524C2 (en) | 1972-05-13 | 1972-05-13 | Process for producing a coated titanium dioxide pigment |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NO133276B true NO133276B (en) | 1975-12-29 |
NO133276C NO133276C (en) | 1976-04-07 |
Family
ID=5844873
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NO1348/73A NO133276C (en) | 1972-05-13 | 1973-04-03 |
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JP (1) | JPS565270B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE799446A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7303426D0 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2223524C2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES414668A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI58506C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2184694B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1435718A (en) |
IT (1) | IT987274B (en) |
NL (1) | NL175637C (en) |
NO (1) | NO133276C (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA733085B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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GB1479988A (en) * | 1975-07-17 | 1977-07-13 | Tioxide Group Ltd | Treatment of pigment |
GB1481151A (en) * | 1975-08-14 | 1977-07-27 | Tioxide Group Ltd | Treatment of pigment |
DE2738805A1 (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1979-03-08 | Basf Ag | LOW EVAPORATION, EASILY OVERLAMINABLE, HARDABLE, UNSATATURATED POLYESTER RESINS |
DE2835880A1 (en) * | 1978-08-16 | 1980-02-28 | Bayer Ag | METHOD FOR PRODUCING TITANIUM DIOXIDE PIGMENTS WITH HIGH WEATHER RESISTANCE |
JPS5937305B2 (en) * | 1980-11-18 | 1984-09-08 | 石原産業株式会社 | titanium dioxide pigment |
DE3137384A1 (en) * | 1981-09-19 | 1983-04-07 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | FLOCKABLE STABILITY MIXED-PHASE PIGMENTS WITH RUTILE STRUCTURE, METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND THEIR USE |
GB2108097B (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1985-01-03 | Tioxide Group Plc | Improved pigments and their preparation |
GB2108098B (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1985-03-20 | Tioxide Group Plc | Improved pigments and their preparation |
DE10205920A1 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2003-08-21 | Itn Nanovation Gmbh | Nanoscale rutile and process for its production |
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NL298822A (en) * | 1962-10-05 | |||
NL300720A (en) * | 1962-11-20 | |||
FR1426766A (en) * | 1964-03-20 | 1966-01-28 | American Potash & Chem Corp | Enhancements with titanium dioxide pigments |
-
1972
- 1972-05-13 DE DE2223524A patent/DE2223524C2/en not_active Expired
- 1972-12-15 FI FI3559/72A patent/FI58506C/en active
-
1973
- 1973-04-03 NO NO1348/73A patent/NO133276C/no unknown
- 1973-05-02 GB GB2074473A patent/GB1435718A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-05-07 ZA ZA733085A patent/ZA733085B/en unknown
- 1973-05-10 FR FR7317010A patent/FR2184694B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-05-10 IT IT23944/73A patent/IT987274B/en active
- 1973-05-11 BR BR3426/73A patent/BR7303426D0/en unknown
- 1973-05-11 NL NLAANVRAGE7306622,A patent/NL175637C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-05-11 ES ES414668A patent/ES414668A1/en not_active Expired
- 1973-05-11 BE BE131044A patent/BE799446A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-05-14 JP JP5346273A patent/JPS565270B2/ja not_active Expired
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Publication number | Publication date |
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GB1435718A (en) | 1976-05-12 |
BE799446A (en) | 1973-08-31 |
JPS565270B2 (en) | 1981-02-04 |
FI58506B (en) | 1980-10-31 |
NO133276C (en) | 1976-04-07 |
FR2184694A1 (en) | 1973-12-28 |
ZA733085B (en) | 1974-04-24 |
JPS4941424A (en) | 1974-04-18 |
FR2184694B1 (en) | 1976-11-12 |
FI58506C (en) | 1981-02-10 |
NL175637C (en) | 1984-12-03 |
DE2223524C2 (en) | 1987-01-02 |
NL7306622A (en) | 1973-11-15 |
BR7303426D0 (en) | 1974-07-18 |
NL175637B (en) | 1984-07-02 |
AU5547573A (en) | 1974-11-14 |
DE2223524A1 (en) | 1973-11-22 |
ES414668A1 (en) | 1976-01-16 |
IT987274B (en) | 1975-02-20 |
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