NO132973B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO132973B NO132973B NO4841/72A NO484172A NO132973B NO 132973 B NO132973 B NO 132973B NO 4841/72 A NO4841/72 A NO 4841/72A NO 484172 A NO484172 A NO 484172A NO 132973 B NO132973 B NO 132973B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- cartridge
- cartridges
- damming
- finely divided
- borehole
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011799 hole material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011088 parchment paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015927 pasta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/24—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor characterised by the tamping material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/20—Tamping cartridges, i.e. cartridges containing tamping material
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Control Of The Air-Fuel Ratio Of Carburetors (AREA)
Abstract
Fordemningspatron for fordemning av pprengladninger i borhull.Damming cartridge for damming of charge charges in boreholes.
Description
4 4
Ved utvinnelse av kull, malm eller mineraler såvel som When extracting coal, ore or minerals as well as
ved tunnelskyting i bergverksdrift blir brytingen hovedsakelig innledet med sprengning. Ved bryting av bergarter eller kull borer man hull, og i disse innforer man sprengladningene. in tunnel blasting in mining operations, the excavation is mainly preceded by blasting. When mining rocks or coal, holes are drilled, and explosive charges are inserted into these.
Av skytetekniske grunner er det nodvendig å fordemme ladningen etter innforing av sprengpatronene, og til dette benyttet man opprinnelig leiretilberedningen, den såkalte leirefordemmingen ("Lettenbesatz"). ' For shooting technical reasons, it is necessary to dam the charge after inserting the explosive cartridges, and for this originally clay preparation, the so-called clay damming ("Lettenbesatz") was used. '
I lang tid har man arbeidet i bergverksdriften med å minske de betydelige mengdene av kull- og stenstov som fås ved driften, da dette stov p.g.a. den eksplosive og sunhhetsskadende virkning representerer en alvorlig risiko for bergverksdriften og de som er engasjert i den. Disse bestrebelser omfatter også skytearbeidet da man nettopp ved dette arbeidet får vesentlige støvmengder. Et for losning av dette problem ofte anvendt middel er den såkalte "vannfordemningen" ("Wasserbesatz"). For a long time, mining operations have worked to reduce the significant amounts of coal and stone tailings that are obtained during operations, as this tailings were due to the explosive and health-damaging effect represents a serious risk for mining operations and those engaged in it. These efforts also include the shooting work, as it is precisely this work that produces significant amounts of dust. A means often used to solve this problem is the so-called "water dam" ("Wasserbesatz").
Herved blir etter sprengladningen dé med vann fylte og i begge ender lukkede slangestykker av kunststoff innfort i borhullet, In this way, after the explosive charge, the plastic hose pieces filled with water and closed at both ends are inserted into the borehole,
og slangestykkenes diameter er noe mindre enn borhullenes diameter. Ved hjelp av et ekstra etterstot fordemmes disse slangestykkene i borhullet. Istedenfor slangestykker anvendes også av kunststoff tilvirkede og med vann fylte ampuller, som p.g.a. sin fonn henholdsvis overflateform klemmes fast i borhullet og fordemmer dette. Slike med vann fylte og av kunststoff tilvirkede slangestykker eller ampuller betegnes vanligvis som "vannfordemningspatroner" ("Wasserbesatzpatronen"). For å oppnå en god fordemning bor disse vannfordemningspatroner oppvise et indre trykk på minst 0,1 ato. Av denne grunn og for i alt vesentlig å unngå en beskadigelse av vannfordemnings-patronene ved transport, må veggtykkelsen for disse vannfordemnings-patronene være minst 0,8 mm. Ved utlosning av de med vannfordemningspatroner fordemte skuddene opprives hylsene til vann-fordemningspatronene, og detderi forekommende vann blir fordelt i form av fine dråper i de erholdte og av forbrenningsgasser, karbon- og stenstov bestående skyte-tåken. De på denne måten erholdte vanndråpene skal felle ut stovet i skyte-tåken, hvorved stovet gjores sveveudyktig og avskilles på gulvet. Dessuten skal vanndråpene utvaske forbrenningsgassene av skytetåken og i det minste redusere den sunnhetsfårlige virkningen av denne gass. and the diameter of the hose pieces is somewhat smaller than the diameter of the drill holes. With the help of an additional aftershock, these pieces of hose are dammed in the borehole. Instead of pieces of hose, ampoules made of plastic and filled with water are also used, which due to its shape or surface shape is clamped firmly in the drill hole and dams it up. Such water-filled and plastic-made hose pieces or ampoules are usually referred to as "water-precipitation cartridges" ("Wasserbesatzpatronen"). To achieve good damming, these water damming cartridges must have an internal pressure of at least 0.1 ato. For this reason and to essentially avoid damage to the water-damping cartridges during transport, the wall thickness of these water-damping cartridges must be at least 0.8 mm. When firing the shots dammed with water damming cartridges, the sleeves of the water damming cartridges are torn open, and the water occurring therein is distributed in the form of fine droplets in the resulting shooting mist consisting of combustion gases, carbon and stone dust. The water droplets obtained in this way will precipitate the stove in the shooting mist, whereby the stove is rendered incapable of floating and separates on the floor. Moreover, the water droplets should wash out the combustion gases from the shooting mist and at least reduce the harmful effect of this gas.
Foruten disse vannfordemningspatroner anvendes også slike hvor vannfyIlingen ved hjelp av en gelédannende substans er fortykket til en pastamasse med ca. 95% vanninnhold. Da disse patronene ikke har noen bbyd form så oppnår man en fordemning i borhullet In addition to these water thickening cartridges, those are also used where the water filling is thickened to a paste with approx. 95% water content. As these cartridges do not have a predetermined shape, a dam is achieved in the borehole
og en borhullsavslutning bare ved at patronene blir stukket i Sj^^en ende. Ved å skyve etter med ladestangen trykkes noe pasta Bpf||^|v patronen. Forst da kan patronen forme seg slik at den ^fiiSsSBHwfc ut borhullstverrsnittet. and a borehole completion only by the cartridges being inserted at the Sj^^en end. By pushing with the charging rod, some paste is pressed Bpf||^|v the cartridge. Only then can the cartridge shape itself so that it ^fiiSsSBHwfc out the borehole cross-section.
Det har imidlertid vist seg at man med vann- henholdsvis pasta-fordemningspatronene bare får små virkninger i forhold til det som er tilsiktet. Også ved å anvende fordemningspatroner som istedenfor vann er skylt med natriumklorid- eller kalsiumklorid-losning fås en liten forbedring av stov- og gass-bindingen. Anvendelsen av disse vannholdige fordemningsmidlene kan dessuten fore til en uheldig forringelse av gruveklima ved at den relative fuktigheten i gruveluften stiger. However, it has been shown that with the water and pasta thickening cartridges you only get small effects in relation to what is intended. Also by using damming cartridges that are rinsed with sodium chloride or calcium chloride solution instead of water, a small improvement in dust and gas binding is obtained. The use of these water-containing damming agents can also lead to an unfortunate deterioration of the mine climate by increasing the relative humidity in the mine air.
Av denne grunn har man allerede foreslått å anvende fordemningspatroner som er fylt med finfordelt og fast kalsiumklorid. Dstte kalsiumkloridpulver kan for forbedring av den stov-bindende og gassbindende virkningen ytterligere tilsettes fukte-middel og alkaliske og/eller oksyderende stoffer. Med disse fordemningsmidlene kan man betydelig minske mengden av ved skytearbeidet erholdt gass og stov. For this reason, it has already been proposed to use damming cartridges which are filled with finely divided and solid calcium chloride. To this calcium chloride powder, to improve the dust-binding and gas-binding effect, a wetting agent and alkaline and/or oxidizing substances can be further added. With these damming agents, you can significantly reduce the amount of gas and dust produced during the firing process.
For virkningen av slike fordemningspatroner er det vesentlig For the effect of such damming cartridges it is essential
å plassere dem så fast i borhullet at de ved eksplosjonen ikke trykkes ut av borhullet igjen som hele patroner. Patronens kunststoffhylse skal derimot rives opp slik at patronens innhold kan fordele seg i eksplosjonsgassene. De med vann eller med vandige losninger fylte patroner har derfor ofte en lett boyd form. P.g.a. det lille overtrykket i væskefyllingen og veggens styrke, soker patronen å bibeholde denne form. Den trykker seg derfor fjærende til borhulisveggen og vil således holdes fast i sin posisjon. to place them so firmly in the borehole that, in the event of the explosion, they are not pushed out of the borehole again as whole cartridges. The cartridge's plastic sleeve, on the other hand, must be torn open so that the cartridge's contents can be distributed in the explosive gases. Cartridges filled with water or aqueous solutions therefore often have a slightly boyd shape. Because of. the small excess pressure in the liquid filling and the strength of the wall, the cartridge seeks to retain this shape. It therefore presses springily against the drill hole wall and will thus be held firmly in its position.
Når det gjelder de samme, men med finfordelte faststoffer fylte fordemningspatroner, så vil man bare kunne oppnå en ufullkommen formelastisitet, hvis man da oppnår elastisitet overhode, slik at fordemningen med slike patroner i borhullet bestandig skaper problemer. When it comes to the same damming cartridges, but filled with finely divided solids, you will only be able to achieve imperfect form elasticity, if you then achieve elasticity at all, so that damming with such cartridges in the borehole always creates problems.
Av denne grunn har man sokt fordemningspatroner som til tross for en fylling med finfordelte faststoffer lar seg lett og varig klemme fast i borhullene ved et ekstra stot. For this reason, damming cartridges have been sought which, despite being filled with finely divided solids, can be easily and permanently clamped in the drill holes with an additional shock.
Man har funnet fram til'en fordemningspatron for fordemning av sprengladninger i borhull, og da spesielt i bergvérksdrift under jord, hvilken består av en med finfordelte og faste stoffer fylt og på andre sider lukket, slangeformet kunststoffhylse. Denne kunststof fhylse har en veggtykkelse på 50-100 jm ,'} og fyllingen av-finfordelte faststoffer utfyller ikke patronens volum full-_ stendig. r A damming cartridge for damming explosive charges in boreholes, and especially in underground mining operations, has been found, which consists of a hose-shaped plastic sleeve filled with finely divided and solid substances and closed on other sides. This plastic sleeve has a wall thickness of 50-100 µm and the filling of finely divided solids does not completely fill the volume of the cartridge. r
En slik tynnvegget patron, hvis volum ikke er fullstendig Such a thin-walled cartridge, the volume of which is not complete
utfylt av de finfordelte faststoffene, innehar i motsetning til den tykkveggede, elastiske og.med vann fylte patronen, filled with finely divided solids, in contrast to the thick-walled, elastic and water-filled cartridge,
ingen formelastlisitet. Patronen er fleksibel og kan derfor, no form elasticity. The cartridge is flexible and can therefore,
når den innfores i borhullet og trykkes fast mot sprengpatronen, avpasse seg til formen og storrelsen av borhullet. Derved blir patronen presset fast mot borhullsveggen og derved fordemmet. when it is inserted into the drill hole and pressed firmly against the blasting cartridge, adapt to the shape and size of the drill hole. Thereby, the cartridge is pressed firmly against the borehole wall and thereby dammed.
Som spesielt fordelaktige har patroner vist seg hos hvilke de Cartridges have proven to be particularly advantageous in which they
finfordelte faststoffene akkurat utfyller patronens volum som the finely divided solids just complement the volume of the cartridge which
los fylling. Ved den lose fyllingen av de finfordelte faststoffene får man mellom de enkelte partiklene et rom som ikke er utfylt med faststoff, og som for en patron er stort nok for å gi nevnte patron de foran nevnte egenskaper. Dette volum som ikke er utfylt med faststoff, blir i det folgende betegnet som tomrom. loose filling. By the loose filling of the finely divided solids, a space is obtained between the individual particles which is not filled with solids, and which for a cartridge is large enough to give said cartridge the aforementioned properties. This volume, which is not filled with solid matter, is referred to in the following as void space.
Kunststoffhylsen kan igrunnen bestå av alle kunststoffer hvorav det uten tap av rivstyrke og fleksibilitet kan fremstilles et egnet produkt med en veggtykkelse på 50 til 100 ji. Spesielt har polyolefinkunststoffer vist seg å være egnet, som f.eks. poly-etylen. Andre egnede kunststoffer er f.eks. polystyrol ellei polyvinylklorid. The plastic sleeve can essentially consist of all plastics from which a suitable product with a wall thickness of 50 to 100 ji can be produced without loss of tear strength and flexibility. In particular, polyolefin plastics have proven to be suitable, such as e.g. polyethylene. Other suitable plastics are e.g. polystyrene or polyvinyl chloride.
Det er videre også mulig å fremstille patronhylser av pergament-papir, parafinimpregnert papir eller lignende,' såfremt disse materialene har tilstrekkelig rivstyrke og fleksibilitet. Imidlertid har anvendelsen av kunststoffolier vist seg fordelaktig. It is also possible to make cartridge sleeves from parchment paper, paraffin-impregnated paper or the like, provided these materials have sufficient tear strength and flexibility. However, the use of plastic foils has proven advantageous.
Diameteren til disse slangeformede produktene skal være noe The diameter of these snake-shaped products should be something
men bare litt mindre enn diameteren til borhullet hvor sprengladningen skal fordemmes. Det har videre vist seg fordelaktig at diameteren til det slangeformede produktet er noe storre enn diameteren til sprengladningen som skal fordemmes. Med de dimensjoner som i dag anvendes når det gjelder vanlige spreng- but only slightly smaller than the diameter of the borehole where the explosive charge is to be condemned. It has also proven advantageous that the diameter of the hose-shaped product is somewhat larger than the diameter of the explosive charge to be condemned. With the dimensions that are used today when it comes to ordinary explosive
patrotier så skal diameteren til de anvendte patronhyIsene ifolge oppfinnelsen Ugge mellom 25 og 35 mm. cartridges, the diameter of the cartridge cases used according to the invention must be between 25 and 35 mm.
Disse slangeformede hylsene kan være kappet i stykker på 15 til 30 mm lengde og lukket i den ene enden f.eks. ved sveising, These snake-shaped sleeves can be cut into pieces of 15 to 30 mm in length and closed at one end, e.g. when welding,
sammenklebing eller lignende. Man får således i den ene enden lukkede og slangeformede patroner hvori finfordelt faststoff kan fylles, og hvorved patronens indre volum ikke fullstendig utfylles. Det er fordelaktig å fylle patronen med en så stor mengde faststoff at patronens indre volum ved los fylling akkurat er utfylt. Deretter blir fordelningspatronens fyll-åpning likeledes sammenklebet eller sammensveiset eller på bonding or the like. You thus get, at one end, closed and snake-shaped cartridges in which finely divided solids can be filled, and whereby the inner volume of the cartridge is not completely filled. It is advantageous to fill the cartridge with such a large quantity of solids that the internal volume of the cartridge is just filled when filled. Then the filling opening of the distribution cartridge is likewise glued or welded together or on
annen måte lukket. otherwise closed.
Det består også den mulighet å forsyne patronen, som skal fylles, med en selvlukkende ventjil, som etter påfyllingen av finfordelt faststoff lukker seg selv i patronen, og som hindrer det finfordelte faststoffet fra å stromme ut fra patronen igjen. Spesielt har de ventiler vist seg å være bra som består av There is also the possibility of supplying the cartridge, which is to be filled, with a self-closing valve, which closes itself in the cartridge after the filling of finely divided solids, and which prevents the finely divided solids from flowing out of the cartridge again. In particular, the valves have proven to be good which consist of
et eventuelt traktformet slangestykke, som har samme diameter som patronen som skal lukkes, og som er brettet ned i dennes lukkbare åpning. De begge ytterkantene av ventilslangen og patronen, som skal lukkes, blir forbundet fast med hverandre. Det kan være fordelaktig å anordne en med denne patronen fast forbundet spennanordning ved eller i nærheten av denne for-bindelse, og som i alt vesentlig består av to stavformede kunststoffdeler, som er fast forbundet med patronen i tverrgående retning til patronens lengdeakse og i nærheten av innfyllings-åpningen og som er så elastisk at den bestandig har en tendens til å innta den storste lengdeutvidelsen. a possibly funnel-shaped piece of hose, which has the same diameter as the cartridge to be closed, and which is folded down into its closable opening. The two outer edges of the valve hose and the cartridge, which are to be closed, are firmly connected to each other. It can be advantageous to arrange a clamping device firmly connected to this cartridge at or near this connection, and which essentially consists of two rod-shaped plastic parts, which are firmly connected to the cartridge in a transverse direction to the longitudinal axis of the cartridge and in the vicinity of the filling opening and which is so elastic that it always tends to assume the greatest length expansion.
Dessuten er det-mulig å fylle ét lengre stykke av den i ene enden lukkede slangen med fyllgods, og ved hjelp av en til-svarende utformet anordning klemme av patroner i en lengde på 15 til 30 cm av det fylte slangestykket, hvorved man imidlertid må være sikker på at volumet til hvert delstykke av fyIlgodset ikke er fullstendig utfylt. Det er fordelaktig at fyllgodset utfyller dette volum som los fylling. Disse patroner blir deretter likeledes lukket tett i den åpne enden. In addition, it is possible to fill one longer piece of the hose closed at one end with filler material, and with the help of a correspondingly designed device, squeeze cartridges in a length of 15 to 30 cm from the filled piece of hose, whereby however one has to be sure that the volume of each part of the package is not completely filled. It is advantageous for the filler to fill this volume as loose filling. These cartridges are then likewise closed tightly at the open end.
De på alle kanter lukkede fordemningspatronene ifolge oppfinnelsen er til tross for sin lille veggtykkelse vel egnet for lagring og transport. Ved anvendelse blir forst ladningen med de nodvendige tenrunidler innfort i borhullet. Deretter blir så fordemningspatronen ifolge oppfinnelsen innfort i borhullet, The damming cartridges according to the invention, which are closed on all sides, are, despite their small wall thickness, well suited for storage and transport. When using, first the charge with the necessary tenrunids is inserted into the borehole. The damming cartridge according to the invention is then inserted into the borehole,
og ved hjelp av et ekstra stot og presset mot ladningen fordemningspatronen blir så sammenpresset at den boyer seg på flere steder. Derved forskyver de boyde delene av fordemningspatronen seg skrått i forhold til borhullets lengde- and with the help of an additional shock and pressure against the charge, the damming cartridge is so compressed that it bends in several places. Thereby, the drilled parts of the dam cartridge shift obliquely in relation to the length of the borehole
akse og klemmer seg fast til hullets vegg. P.g.a. det i patronen forekommende tomrom,så er denne formforandring permanent slik at fordemningspatronen fullstendig og permanent lukker borhullets tverrsnitt. axis and clings to the wall of the hole. Because of. the empty space in the cartridge, then this shape change is permanent so that the damming cartridge completely and permanently closes the cross-section of the borehole.
Figur 1 viser en skjematisk fremstilling av et snitt gjennom ett i fjell 1 innbragt, ladet og fordemmet borhull 2, hvori den med tennmidlet forsynte sprenglandingen 3 befinner seg, og som er fordemmet med fordemningspatronen 4 ifolge oppfinnelsen. Istedenfor en fordemningspatron kan, hvis nodvendig, også flere fordemningspatroner innbringes i borhullet og fordemmes. Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a section through a borehole 2 driven into rock 1, charged and dammed, in which the explosive landing 3 provided with the ignition agent is located, and which is dammed with the damming cartridge 4 according to the invention. Instead of one damming cartridge, if necessary, several damming cartridges can also be brought into the borehole and dammed.
Det er imidlertid også mulig og spesielt da fordelaktig når borhullsdiameteren er vesentlig storre enn fordemningspatronens diameter, å sammenpresse fordemningspatronen så sterkt at patronen rives i stykker på ett eller flere steder.. Fyllingen som består av finfordelt faststoff kommer således ut og lar seg ved trykk også så godt fordele over en storre borhulls-diameter at man oppnår en sikker fordemning. However, it is also possible and especially advantageous when the borehole diameter is significantly larger than the diameter of the dam cartridge, to compress the dam cartridge so strongly that the cartridge is torn to pieces in one or more places. The filling, which consists of finely divided solid matter, thus comes out and allows pressure also so well distributed over a larger borehole diameter that a secure dam is achieved.
Som finfordelt faststoff har spesielt finfordelt kalsium-og/eller magnesiumklorid vist seg som fylling i fordemningspatronene ifolge oppfinnelsen. Det har vist seg fordelaktig at fyllingen inneholder mer enn 80 vektsprosent partikler med en diameter på under 1 mm og mer enn 60 vektsprosent partikler med en diameter på under 0,3 mm. Disse saltene kan ha et vanninnhold opptil 55 vektsprosent samt inneholde alkalisk virkende forbindelser og/eller oksydasjonsmidler og/eller natriumklorid og/eller fuktemidler. Nærmere angivelse herom kan man finne i patentansokning nr. P 19 33 729.2). As a finely divided solid substance, particularly finely divided calcium and/or magnesium chloride has proven to be a filling in the damming cartridges according to the invention. It has proven advantageous that the filling contains more than 80% by weight of particles with a diameter of less than 1 mm and more than 60% by weight of particles with a diameter of less than 0.3 mm. These salts can have a water content of up to 55 percent by weight and contain alkaline-acting compounds and/or oxidizing agents and/or sodium chloride and/or wetting agents. Further information on this can be found in patent application no. P 19 33 729.2).
P.g.a\ det i fordemningspatronen ifolge oppfinnelsen forekommende tomrom^har man fått muligheter til å klemme fast fordemningspatroner, som er fylt med finfordelte faststoffer, i borhullene slik at fordemningen permanent lukker hele borhullets tverrsnitt. Dessuten er i motsetning til vannfordemningspatroner, hvorved p.g.a. foliens storre veggtykkelse en opprivning av ampullen og uttomning av innholdet i borhullet ubetinget kan unngås, en beskadigelse av den tynne folien hos fordemningspatronen ifolge oppfinnelsen og en uttomning av fyllingen i borhullet uten ufordelaktig inn-flytelse på fordemningens effekt. Because of the empty space in the dam cartridge according to the invention, it has been possible to clamp dam cartridges, which are filled with finely divided solids, in the boreholes so that the dam permanently closes the entire cross-section of the borehole. Also, in contrast to water-damaging cartridges, whereby due to the larger wall thickness of the foil, a tearing of the ampoule and emptying of the contents in the borehole can be absolutely avoided, a damage to the thin foil of the damming cartridge according to the invention and an emptying of the filling in the borehole without a disadvantageous influence on the effect of the damming.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19722203488 DE2203488C (en) | 1972-01-26 | Loading cartridge and method for loading explosive charges in boreholes |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO132973B true NO132973B (en) | 1975-11-03 |
NO132973C NO132973C (en) | 1976-02-11 |
Family
ID=5834012
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO4841/72A NO132973C (en) | 1972-01-26 | 1972-12-29 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3837280A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5333650B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE794363A (en) |
CS (1) | CS164793B2 (en) |
DD (1) | DD103318A5 (en) |
ES (1) | ES410387A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI56275C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2169148B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1387330A (en) |
NO (1) | NO132973C (en) |
PL (1) | PL79176B1 (en) |
SE (1) | SE400120B (en) |
TR (1) | TR17552A (en) |
YU (1) | YU34605B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA73309B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
HU185544B (en) * | 1982-06-04 | 1985-02-28 | Mecseki Szenbanyak | Method and mechanism for breaking by firedampproof blasting of large charge carried out in mine areas impossible to supervise |
WO2000060301A1 (en) * | 1999-03-31 | 2000-10-12 | Rocktek Ltd. | Cartridge and charging system incorporating same |
AUPQ591000A0 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2000-03-23 | Rockmin Pty Ltd | Cartridge shell and cartridge for blast holes and method of use |
AU2003200490B2 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2008-05-08 | Rocktek Ltd. | Apparatus and method for fracturing a hard material |
JP2010096419A (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-30 | Sb Kogyo Kk | Method of suppressing blasting dust in tunnel construction |
US11808559B2 (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2023-11-07 | River Front Services, Inc. | Tamp for explosive material |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE511446C (en) * | 1930-10-30 | Hermann Kruskopf | Cavity trim for boreholes | |
US229845A (en) * | 1880-07-13 | Method of blasting in oil-wells | ||
US2216067A (en) * | 1939-07-12 | 1940-09-24 | Isaac N Clark | Blasting bridge for oil wells |
US2787933A (en) * | 1954-05-24 | 1957-04-09 | Ingvar D Wester | Tamping stick |
FR1315051A (en) * | 1960-12-31 | 1963-01-18 | Stuffing cartridge for placing a stuffing plastic in the blastholes | |
DE1446964A1 (en) * | 1964-02-14 | 1968-12-05 | Hubert Lichtenberg | Stocking cartridge |
DE1808554A1 (en) * | 1967-09-09 | 1970-09-17 | Morhenn Dipl Ing Ernst | Borehole water stemming ampoule |
DE1933729C3 (en) * | 1969-07-03 | 1974-06-20 | Chemische Fabrik Kalk Gmbh, 5000 Koeln | Stocking procedure for combating dust and harmful gases during shooting in mining |
-
0
- BE BE794363D patent/BE794363A/en unknown
-
1972
- 1972-12-11 FI FI3508/72A patent/FI56275C/en active
- 1972-12-13 PL PL1972159495A patent/PL79176B1/pl unknown
- 1972-12-13 YU YU3108/72A patent/YU34605B/en unknown
- 1972-12-28 GB GB5989772A patent/GB1387330A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-12-29 NO NO4841/72A patent/NO132973C/no unknown
-
1973
- 1973-01-05 ES ES410387A patent/ES410387A1/en not_active Expired
- 1973-01-15 DD DD168242A patent/DD103318A5/xx unknown
- 1973-01-16 ZA ZA730309A patent/ZA73309B/en unknown
- 1973-01-23 FR FR7302260A patent/FR2169148B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-01-24 TR TR17552A patent/TR17552A/en unknown
- 1973-01-24 SE SE7300999A patent/SE400120B/en unknown
- 1973-01-25 CS CS73539A patent/CS164793B2/en unknown
- 1973-01-26 JP JP1035273A patent/JPS5333650B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-01-26 US US00327181A patent/US3837280A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES410387A1 (en) | 1976-04-16 |
YU310872A (en) | 1979-04-30 |
FI56275C (en) | 1979-12-10 |
FI56275B (en) | 1979-08-31 |
FR2169148A1 (en) | 1973-09-07 |
JPS5333650B2 (en) | 1978-09-16 |
YU34605B (en) | 1979-10-31 |
GB1387330A (en) | 1975-03-12 |
DE2203488B1 (en) | 1972-11-09 |
CS164793B2 (en) | 1975-11-28 |
TR17552A (en) | 1975-07-23 |
ZA73309B (en) | 1973-11-28 |
PL79176B1 (en) | 1975-06-30 |
JPS4886701A (en) | 1973-11-15 |
NO132973C (en) | 1976-02-11 |
SE400120B (en) | 1978-03-13 |
BE794363A (en) | 1973-05-16 |
FR2169148B1 (en) | 1977-09-02 |
US3837280A (en) | 1974-09-24 |
DD103318A5 (en) | 1974-01-12 |
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