NO132022B - - Google Patents
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- NO132022B NO132022B NO2645/70A NO264570A NO132022B NO 132022 B NO132022 B NO 132022B NO 2645/70 A NO2645/70 A NO 2645/70A NO 264570 A NO264570 A NO 264570A NO 132022 B NO132022 B NO 132022B
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- bark
- extract
- kidney
- blood pressure
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 244000226021 Anacardium occidentale Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000001274 Anacardium occidentale Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 235000020226 cashew nut Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000693997 Anacardium Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001271 Anacardium Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930182555 Penicillin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N Penicillin G Chemical group N([C@H]1[C@H]2SC([C@@H](N2C1=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)C(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JGSARLDLIJGVTE-MBNYWOFBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004872 arterial blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004531 blood pressure lowering effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001631 hypertensive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002218 hypoglycaemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QIJRTFXNRTXDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-carboxy-2-sulfanylethyl)azanium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl.SCC(N)C(O)=O QIJRTFXNRTXDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNXIKVLOVZVMQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3beta,16beta,17alpha,18beta,20alpha)-17-hydroxy-11-methoxy-18-[(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoyl)oxy]-yohimban-16-carboxylic acid, methyl ester Natural products C1C2CN3CCC(C4=CC=C(OC)C=C4N4)=C4C3CC2C(C(=O)OC)C(O)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 DNXIKVLOVZVMQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGNGWHSBYQYVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 BGNGWHSBYQYVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001093951 Ailanthus altissima Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000208223 Anacardiaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000322677 Haematomyzus elephantis Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000013016 Hypoglycemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006705 Pistacia terebinthus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008075 Pistacia terebinthus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006711 Pistacia vera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003447 Pistacia vera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000700157 Rattus norvegicus Species 0.000 description 1
- LCQMZZCPPSWADO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Reserpilin Natural products COC(=O)C1COCC2CN3CCc4c([nH]c5cc(OC)c(OC)cc45)C3CC12 LCQMZZCPPSWADO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-SFWBKIHZSA-N Reserpine Natural products O=C(OC)[C@@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@H](OC(=O)c2cc(OC)c(OC)c(OC)c2)C[C@H]2[C@@H]1C[C@H]1N(C2)CCc2c3c([nH]c12)cc(OC)cc3 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-SFWBKIHZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003797 alkaloid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CJCSPKMFHVPWAR-JTQLQIEISA-N alpha-methyl-L-dopa Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@](N)(C)CC1=CC=C(O)C(O)=C1 CJCSPKMFHVPWAR-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003276 anti-hypertensive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940030600 antihypertensive agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002220 antihypertensive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229960001305 cysteine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- -1 di-hydroxyphenyl Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N eosin Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C(O)=C(Br)C=C21 YQGOJNYOYNNSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ACGDKVXYNVEAGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanethidine Chemical compound NC(N)=NCCN1CCCCCCC1 ACGDKVXYNVEAGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003602 guanethidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002475 indoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940083251 peripheral vasodilators purine derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N picric acid Chemical compound OC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O OXNIZHLAWKMVMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020233 pistachio Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000003212 purines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 206010038464 renal hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BJOIZNZVOZKDIG-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C([C]5C=CC(OC)=CC5=N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 BJOIZNZVOZKDIG-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003147 reserpine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MDMGHDFNKNZPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N roserpine Natural products C1C2CN3CCC(C4=CC=C(OC)C=C4N4)=C4C3CC2C(OC(C)=O)C(OC)C1OC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 MDMGHDFNKNZPAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002820 sympathetic nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000035488 systolic blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001323 two-dimensional chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/22—Anacardiaceae (Sumac family), e.g. smoketree, sumac or poison oak
Description
Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et ekstrakt av Anacardium occidentale L. Method for the preparation of an extract of Anacardium occidentale L.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse dreier seg om et nytt plante-ekstrakt fremstilt fra anacardie-barken (Anacardium occidentale L), også kjent under navnet Anacardium senegalensis. Anacaridietreet tilhører familien anacardiaceae som også omfatter sumaktreet, pis-tacie-treet og terpentin-treet. The present invention relates to a new plant extract made from cashew bark (Anacardium occidentale L), also known under the name Anacardium senegalensis. The cashew tree belongs to the family anacardiaceae which also includes the sumac tree, the pistachio tree and the turpentine tree.
Anacardium occidentale L er et tre som stammer fra Nord-Amerika og som nå dyrkes i Senegal. Frukten: anacardien, elefant-lus eller cajusnøtten har visse ytre medisinske anvendelser, som behandling av byller og vorter. Den mest utbredte terapeutiske an-vendelsen for frukten er som utvortes anti-lepraid middel. Man lar saften fra mellomkjøttet renne nedad på flekkene og, ved hjelp av blæredannelse, påfører man på de kunstig frembrakte sår et antile-praid middel. Anacardium occidentale L is a tree that originates from North America and is now cultivated in Senegal. The fruit: the cashew, elephant louse or cashew nut has certain external medicinal uses, such as the treatment of boils and warts. The most widespread therapeutic use for the fruit is as an external anti-lepraid agent. The juice from the middle meat is allowed to run down onto the spots and, with the help of blister formation, an antile-praid agent is applied to the artificially produced wounds.
Barken inneholder en gummi som flyter ut når man skjærer i barken og som stivner idet den går over fra rødfarge til gult. Denne gummi benyttes ikke i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse. The bark contains a gum that flows out when the bark is cut and hardens as it changes from red to yellow. This rubber is not used according to the present invention.
Man kjenner til, særlig ifølge en publikasjon av Costa de Aguiar i det brasilske tidskrift "Anais da Faculdade de Medecina da Universidade do Recife", bind 18 nr. 2 side 193-197 (1958), at barken av Anacardium occidentale L inneholder en aktiv forbindelse som fremkaller hypoglykemi. Ifølge ovenstående forfatter er disse hypoglykemiske egenskaper vist hos rotte behandlet med et utkok av 50 g bark i 1 liter vann, konsentrert til 25/» og fortynnet i for-holdet 1/10 med en oppløsning av fysiologisk serum til 8, 5% > med slutt-pH lik 7. It is known, particularly according to a publication by Costa de Aguiar in the Brazilian journal "Anais da Faculdade de Medecina da Universidade do Recife", volume 18 no. 2 pages 193-197 (1958), that the bark of Anacardium occidentale L contains an active compound that induces hypoglycemia. According to the above author, these hypoglycaemic properties have been shown in rats treated with a decoction of 50 g of bark in 1 liter of water, concentrated to 25/" and diluted in the ratio 1/10 with a solution of physiological serum to 8.5% > with final pH equal to 7.
Foreliggende ansøker har nå overraskende funnet at barken av Anacardium occidentale L inneholder en blodtrykkssenkende forbindelse som kan ekstraheres ifølge foreliggende fremgangsmåte som skiller seg fra tidligere teknikk ved at opp.bløtingen og utvasking-en av barken skjer under utelukkelse av lys og ved lav temperatur The present applicant has now surprisingly found that the bark of Anacardium occidentale L contains a blood pressure-lowering compound which can be extracted according to the present method which differs from prior art in that the soaking and washing out of the bark takes place under the exclusion of light and at a low temperature
(0 til 5°C). Den uventede virkning av ekstraktet ifølge oppfinnelsen illustreres av at et utkok som er fremstilt ved å slippe barken opp i kaldt vann som kokes opp i løpet av en viss tid, ikke har noen slik blodtrykksenkende (antihypertensiv) virkning. (0 to 5°C). The unexpected effect of the extract according to the invention is illustrated by the fact that a decoction made by dropping the bark into cold water which is boiled for a certain time has no such blood pressure-lowering (antihypertensive) effect.
Oppfinnelsen angår således en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av et blodtrykkssenkende ekstrakt av barken av Anacardium occidentale L som er karakterisert ved at den friske bark, renset for nevnte gummimasse og finpulverisert, underkastes en ekstraksjon med vann under utelukkelse av lys ved lav temperatur mellom 0 og 5°Cj og ved en konsentrasjon av finknust bark på mellom 20 og 50 g/liter destillert vann. Ekstraksjon følges av en filtrering og konsentrering til et ekstrakt som inneholder 2o til 30% tørrstoff i forhold til vekten av finknust bark. The invention thus relates to a method for producing a blood pressure-lowering extract of the bark of Anacardium occidentale L, which is characterized in that the fresh bark, cleaned of said gum mass and finely powdered, is subjected to an extraction with water under the exclusion of light at a low temperature between 0 and 5° Cj and at a concentration of finely crushed bark of between 20 and 50 g/litre of distilled water. Extraction is followed by filtration and concentration to an extract containing 20 to 30% dry matter in relation to the weight of finely crushed bark.
Suspensjonen av den finknuste og pulveriserte bark i et siktknuseapparat kan f.eks. foretas i destillert vann ved 15 til The suspension of the finely crushed and pulverized bark in a sieve crusher can e.g. carried out in distilled water at 15 to
25°C under røring. Etter denne operasjon gjennomføres ekstraksjonen under utelukkelse av lys ved en temperatur mellom 0 og 5°C. Etter ekstraksjonen filtreres suspensjonen, stadig i mørke og ved lav temperatur mellom 0 og 5°C. Den konsentreres i vakuum, og etter lagring i mørke ved lav temperatur frysetørkes væsken. 25°C with stirring. After this operation, the extraction is carried out under the exclusion of light at a temperature between 0 and 5°C. After the extraction, the suspension is filtered, constantly in the dark and at a low temperature between 0 and 5°C. It is concentrated in a vacuum, and after storage in the dark at a low temperature, the liquid is freeze-dried.
De følgende eksempler skal illustrere oppfinnelsen: Eksempel 1 The following examples shall illustrate the invention: Example 1
Anvendt bark: 100 g. Man knuser barken på en siktduk og oppsamler 88 g*finpulverisert produkt, finere enn. sagmugg. Barkpulveret suspenderes i 4,4 liter destillert vann ved 20°O, dvs. 20 g pr. liter. Man rører i ca. 5 minutter. Suspensjonen eksrahere i kulden ved +2°C under utelukkelse av lys i 48 timer, og man rører med 2 til 4 timers mellomrom. Man filtreret kaldt ved +2°C og under utelukkelse av lys på et første filter (uklart filtrat), og deretter på et finere filter (klart, rosafarget ekstrakt). Bark used: 100 g. The bark is crushed on a sieve and 88 g* finely powdered product is collected, finer than. sawdust. The bark powder is suspended in 4.4 liters of distilled water at 20°C, i.e. 20 g per litres. Stir for approx. 5 minutes. Incubate the suspension in the cold at +2°C under the exclusion of light for 48 hours, and stir every 2 to 4 hours. It was filtered cold at +2°C and under the exclusion of light on a first filter (cloudy filtrate), and then on a finer filter (clear, pink-coloured extract).
Filtratet har volum 3,8 liter og karakteriseres ved pH = 5,8 og en konsentrasjon på 0,68$ tørrstoff, dvs. en total oppløst mengde tørrstoff på 25,64 g. Man konsentrerer ekstraktet i vakuum ved 25°C til et volum på 380 ml, dvs. et innhold på 6, 8% tørrstoff. Etter henstand ved +2°C finner det sted en utfelling. Man filtrerer på foldefilter. Fellingen på filteret omdannes ved oppvarming til en gummiaktig brun lakk-liknende masse. Resten av oppløsningen, dvs. 320 ml, fylles på et plate-frysetørringsapparat. Man får 20 g produkt av blekgul farge og meget lav egenvekt. The filtrate has a volume of 3.8 liters and is characterized by pH = 5.8 and a concentration of 0.68$ dry matter, i.e. a total dissolved amount of dry matter of 25.64 g. The extract is concentrated in vacuum at 25°C to a volume of 380 ml, i.e. a content of 6.8% dry matter. After standing at +2°C, precipitation takes place. You filter on a folding filter. The precipitate on the filter is converted by heating into a rubbery brown varnish-like mass. The remainder of the solution, i.e. 320 ml, is filled onto a plate freeze-dryer. You get 20 g of product of a pale yellow color and a very low specific gravity.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
Anvendt mengde bark: 90 g. Under knusingen viser det Amount of bark used: 90 g. During crushing it shows
seg vanskligheter ved at utgangsmaterialet er for fuktig (svak ten-dens til karamelliseringsdannelse i knuseapparatet)• I dette tilfelle gjennomføres to siktinger på sikteduken. Det oppsamlede finknuste produkt veier 90 kg. Barkpulveret suspenderes i 4,5 liter destillert vann ved 20°C, hvilket gir 20 g/liter, under manuell røring i ca. 5 minutter. Deretter settes suspensjonen i kjøleskap-et ved +2°C og under utelukkelse av lys i 9 timer idet man rører to ganger i timen noen minutter. Man filtrerer i kulden ved +2°C og i mørke på et første filter (uklart filtrat), og på mere finporøst filter (klart rosafarget ekstrakt). difficulties due to the starting material being too moist (slight tendency to caramelization in the crusher) • In this case, two screenings are carried out on the screening cloth. The collected finely crushed product weighs 90 kg. The bark powder is suspended in 4.5 liters of distilled water at 20°C, which gives 20 g/litre, with manual stirring for approx. 5 minutes. The suspension is then placed in a refrigerator at +2°C and under the exclusion of light for 9 hours, stirring twice an hour for a few minutes. Filter in the cold at +2°C and in the dark on a first filter (cloudy filtrate), and on a finer porous filter (clear pink colored extract).
Filtratet utgjør 4,2 liter og har pH : 5,25 samt et tørr-stoffinnhold på 0,62 %• Man konsenterer under vannstrålevakuum ved 25°C til 400 ml, dvs. ca. 6,5$ tørrstoffinnhold, og hensetter ekstraktet ved +2°C hvorved det finner sted en utfelling. Man filtrerer til klarhet på foldefilter, idet massen som fanges opp på filteret under tilbakegange til værelsestemperatur omdannes til en brun gummimasse. Resten av oppløsningen utgjør 320 ml og fryse-tørres. Man får 25 g blekgult produkt, med meget lav egenvekt. The filtrate amounts to 4.2 liters and has a pH of 5.25 and a solids content of 0.62% • Concentrate under a water jet vacuum at 25°C to 400 ml, i.e. approx. 6.5% dry matter content, and stores the extract at +2°C, whereby a precipitation takes place. It is filtered to clarity on a folding filter, as the mass that is captured on the filter during return to room temperature is converted into a brown rubber mass. The rest of the solution amounts to 320 ml and is freeze-dried. You get 25 g of pale yellow product, with a very low specific gravity.
Man har studert ekstraktets sammensetning ved hjelp av todimensjonal kromatografi på cellulosepulver under en vandrings-tid på 5 timer, ved bruk av forskjellige oppløsningsmidler og far-gestoffer alt etter de aktive forbindelser som ble funnet. The composition of the extract has been studied by means of two-dimensional chromatography on cellulose powder during a migration time of 5 hours, using different solvents and dyes according to the active compounds found.
Denne fraksjon er ikke av protein-natur og inneholder meget lite aminosyrer. This fraction is not of a protein nature and contains very little amino acids.
Man har fastslått 'indol-kjerne ved behandling med p-dime-tylaminobenzaldehyd i 1 N saltsyreoppløsning. Man fikk rosafiolette flekker. An indole nucleus has been established by treatment with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde in 1 N hydrochloric acid solution. You got rose-violet spots.
Ekstraktet synes ikke å inneholde purinderivater (rosa-fiolett farging med eosin), heller ikke reduserende sukkerforbind-elser eller deres fosfatestere (ingen orange flekker med pikrinsyre). Imidlertid må det nevnes at ekstraktets egenfarge vanskeliggjør bestemmelsen av visse fargetoner, særlig for reduserende sukkere. The extract does not appear to contain purine derivatives (pink-violet staining with eosin), nor reducing sugar compounds or their phosphate esters (no orange spots with picric acid). However, it must be mentioned that the intrinsic color of the extract makes it difficult to determine certain hues, particularly for reducing sugars.
Man har derimot funnet desoksyribosider, hvilket er be-stemt ved hjelp av en cystein-hydrokloridoppløsning i 3 N svovel-syre, tioler i meget store mengder, disulfid, forbindelser som inneholder fosfor og endelig spor av aminosyrer. However, deoxyribosides have been found, which is determined using a cysteine hydrochloride solution in 3 N sulfuric acid, thiols in very large quantities, disulphide, compounds containing phosphorus and finally traces of amino acids.
Med Draggendorf-reagens konstanteres fravær av alkaloid-reaksj on. With the Draggendorf reagent, the absence of an alkaloid reaction is ascertained.
Kromatogrammene fra ekstraktet av Anacardium occidentale L er sammenliknet med kromatogram fra nyre- ekstrakt ifølge eng-elsk patent nr. 991.491. De rosa flekker som skylles indolkjernene i ekstraktet synes å tilsvare de fiolette flekker i nyrefraksjonen. De to ekstrakter har analoge flekker når det gjelder desoksyrebos-ider. Derimot har nyreekstraktet reduserende sukkere, små mengder disulfider og ingen tioler. The chromatograms from the extract of Anacardium occidentale L are compared with chromatograms from kidney extract according to English patent no. 991,491. The pink spots washed away by the indole nuclei in the extract seem to correspond to the violet spots in the kidney fraction. The two extracts have analogous spots in terms of deoxyacid bosides. In contrast, the kidney extract has reducing sugars, small amounts of disulphides and no thiols.
Planteekstraktet ifølge oppfinnelsen har vært underkastet farmakologiske forsøk som har klarlagt produktets egenskaper som antihypertensivt middel. The plant extract according to the invention has been subjected to pharmacological tests which have clarified the product's properties as an antihypertensive agent.
Man har benyttet en teknikk som ifølge Page-Patton-Ogden består i å pensle den frittlagte nyre med kollodium, og fjerne den motsatte nyre etter 1 til 4 uker. Denne teknikk gir kronisk høyt blodtrykk hos 2/3 av de opererte dyr. A technique has been used which, according to Page-Patton-Ogden, consists in brushing the exposed kidney with collodion, and removing the opposite kidney after 1 to 4 weeks. This technique causes chronic high blood pressure in 2/3 of the operated animals.
Anvendt dyremateriale: Animal material used:
Wistar-rotter som i middel veier 230 g ved første inn-grep . Wistar rats weighing an average of 230 g at the first intervention.
Måleapparat for blodtrykket: Measuring device for blood pressure:
Man benyttet et oscillometer av typen Giono-Chevillard-Krauthamer som muliggjør indirekte måling av arterietrykket idet man benytter tilbakestrømmende veneblod i et fjerntliggende organ, i dette tilfelle rottehalens basis, under langsom oppslipping av mansjett-trykket omkring halen. An oscillometer of the Giono-Chevillard-Krauthamer type was used, which enables indirect measurement of the arterial pressure by using backflowing venous blood in a distant organ, in this case the base of the rat tail, while slowly releasing the cuff pressure around the tail.
Dyret holdes ca. 30 minutter ved en temperatur omkring 30°C for å oppnå en karutvidelse, og den oscillometriske mansjett anbringes. Por å foreta pålitelige målinger må dyret være abso-lutt i ro, hvilket ofte nødvendiggjør meget lang ventetid-. Man benytter med fordel et anneksbur hvor man kan holde flere rotter ved 30°C og således spare betraktelig tid. The animal is kept approx. 30 minutes at a temperature of about 30°C to achieve a vessel dilation, and the oscillometric cuff is placed. In order to make reliable measurements, the animal must be absolutely still, which often necessitates a very long waiting time. It is advantageous to use an annex cage where several rats can be kept at 30°C and thus save considerable time.
Operasj onsteknikk: Operative technique:
Rottene bedøves med eter, deretter gjennomskjæres huden og muskellagene, nyren frigjøres, nyrehinnen fjernes forsiktig uten å skade parenchymet. Etter å ha tørket nyren forsiktig pensles et lag av kollodium på hele overflaten idet nyren.er hengt opp i en tråd. Man påfører flere lag av kollodium og deretter skjæres trå-den over i høyde med parenchymet. Man innsprøyter neste dag 10 000 enheter penicillin og 8000 enheter penicillin, og 10 til 15 dager senere fjernes den ubehandlede nyre. The rats are anesthetized with ether, then the skin and muscle layers are incised, the kidney is freed, the renal membrane is carefully removed without damaging the parenchyma. After carefully drying the kidney, a layer of collodion is brushed over the entire surface as the kidney is suspended by a thread. Several layers of collodion are applied and the thread is then cut at the level of the parenchyma. The next day, 10,000 units of penicillin and 8,000 units of penicillin are injected, and 10 to 15 days later the untreated kidney is removed.
Resultater: Results:
Man har foretatt to serier målinger, en serie ved en dose på 1 ml/kg av en vandig oppløsning inneholdende 50 g pr. liter vegetabilsk ekstrakt fremstilt ifølge oppfinnelsen, og den andre serie målinger etter en dose vandig oppløsning inneholdende 100 g/liter ekstrakt. Resultatene sammenliknes med resultatene fra forsøk med hypertensive rotter som er behandlet som ovenfor angitt, men som bare har fått identiske oppløsninger med fysiologisk salt-vann. Two series of measurements have been carried out, one series at a dose of 1 ml/kg of an aqueous solution containing 50 g per liter of vegetable extract prepared according to the invention, and the second series of measurements after a dose of aqueous solution containing 100 g/litre of extract. The results are compared with the results from experiments with hypertensive rats which have been treated as above, but which have only received identical solutions with physiological saline.
Man har observert en nettosenkning av arterietrykket (TA) på 1 til 3 enheter for det systoliske trykk (Tm) og 2 til 4 enheter for det diastoliske trykk (TM). Denne senkning av trykket som mål-es femte time etter administrasjon av preparatet holder seg flere dager etter siste injeksjon. Disse forsøk illustrert ved neden-stående tabeller gjør at man sikkert kan fastslå en blodtrykksenkende virkning på dyr som er ekspreimenelt hypertensivert (nyrehyp-ertensjon). A net reduction in arterial pressure (TA) of 1 to 3 units for systolic pressure (Tm) and 2 to 4 units for diastolic pressure (TM) has been observed. This lowering of the pressure, which is the target of the fifth hour after administration of the preparation, persists for several days after the last injection. These tests, illustrated in the tables below, ensure that a blood pressure-lowering effect can be reliably established on animals that are experimentally hypertensive (renal hypertension).
I tabellene Ia og Ib er det oppført resultater fra to kontrollgrupper som har fått doser på 1 ml/kg 5%- ig fysiologisk saltoppløsning, og tabellene Illa og Illb inneholdet resultater fra kontrollgrupper som har fått 1 ml/kg fysiologisk saltoppløsning, 1058-ig. Tables Ia and Ib list results from two control groups that have received doses of 1 ml/kg of 5% physiological saline solution, and tables Illa and Illb contain results from control groups that have received 1 ml/kg of physiological saline solution, 1058 .
Dyr behandlet med ekstraktet fremstilt ifølge oppfinnelsen er delt i seks grupper. Tre grupper har fått 1 ml/kg ekstrakt Anacardium occidentale L i vandig oppløsning inneholdende 50 g/liter (tabellene IIa,IIb og lic), de tre andre grupper har fått 1 ml/kg ekstrakt Anacardium ifølge oppfinnelsen i vandig opp-løsning med styrke 100 g/liter (tabellene IVa,IVb og IVc). Animals treated with the extract prepared according to the invention are divided into six groups. Three groups have received 1 ml/kg extract Anacardium occidentale L in an aqueous solution containing 50 g/litre (tables IIa, IIb and lic), the other three groups have received 1 ml/kg extract Anacardium according to the invention in an aqueous solution with strength 100 g/litre (tables IVa, IVb and IVc).
Sammenliknet med resultater oppnådd med reserpin i doser på 1 ml/kg subkutant, doser av a-metyl-dopa, L-a-metyl-g-(3>4 di-hydroksyfenyl)-alanin i doser på 200 mg/kg, guanetidin i doser på 30 mg/kg, synes den blodtrykksenkende virkning å være mere varig for foreliggende blodtrykksenkende ekstrakt enn for de nevnte kjente stoffer som utøver virkningen via det sympatiske nervesys-tem. Compared with results obtained with reserpine in doses of 1 ml/kg subcutaneously, doses of α-methyl-dopa, L-α-methyl-g-(3>4 di-hydroxyphenyl)-alanine in doses of 200 mg/kg, guanethidine in doses of 30 mg/kg, the blood pressure-lowering effect seems to be more lasting for the present blood pressure-lowering extract than for the aforementioned known substances which exert the effect via the sympathetic nervous system.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB3642769 | 1969-07-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO132022B true NO132022B (en) | 1975-06-02 |
NO132022C NO132022C (en) | 1975-09-10 |
Family
ID=10388045
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO2645/70A NO132022C (en) | 1969-07-19 | 1970-07-04 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5414166B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT300185B (en) |
BE (1) | BE752966A (en) |
CA (1) | CA940454A (en) |
CH (1) | CH523688A (en) |
CS (1) | CS150633B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2034708C3 (en) |
DK (1) | DK125624B (en) |
ES (1) | ES381750A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI50297C (en) |
GB (1) | GB1303817A (en) |
IL (1) | IL34901A (en) |
LU (1) | LU61356A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL7010735A (en) |
NO (1) | NO132022C (en) |
OA (1) | OA03643A (en) |
RO (1) | RO58857A (en) |
SE (1) | SE360563B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA704836B (en) |
-
1969
- 1969-07-19 GB GB3642769A patent/GB1303817A/en not_active Expired
-
1970
- 1970-07-03 BE BE752966D patent/BE752966A/en unknown
- 1970-07-04 NO NO2645/70A patent/NO132022C/no unknown
- 1970-07-13 IL IL34901A patent/IL34901A/en unknown
- 1970-07-13 DE DE2034708A patent/DE2034708C3/en not_active Expired
- 1970-07-14 ZA ZA704836A patent/ZA704836B/en unknown
- 1970-07-14 ES ES381750A patent/ES381750A1/en not_active Expired
- 1970-07-14 CA CA088,102A patent/CA940454A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-07-16 CH CH1093870A patent/CH523688A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1970-07-16 OA OA53982A patent/OA03643A/en unknown
- 1970-07-16 CS CS5022A patent/CS150633B2/cs unknown
- 1970-07-16 AT AT647370A patent/AT300185B/en active
- 1970-07-17 SE SE09929/70A patent/SE360563B/xx unknown
- 1970-07-17 FI FI702015A patent/FI50297C/en active
- 1970-07-17 LU LU61356D patent/LU61356A1/xx unknown
- 1970-07-17 DK DK371370AA patent/DK125624B/en unknown
- 1970-07-18 JP JP6275670A patent/JPS5414166B1/ja active Pending
- 1970-07-18 RO RO63965A patent/RO58857A/ro unknown
- 1970-07-20 NL NL7010735A patent/NL7010735A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2034708B2 (en) | 1980-02-07 |
LU61356A1 (en) | 1970-09-21 |
RO58857A (en) | 1975-10-15 |
DE2034708C3 (en) | 1980-10-09 |
ZA704836B (en) | 1971-04-28 |
FI50297B (en) | 1975-10-31 |
CH523688A (en) | 1972-06-15 |
GB1303817A (en) | 1973-01-24 |
AT300185B (en) | 1972-07-10 |
FI50297C (en) | 1976-02-10 |
ES381750A1 (en) | 1972-11-16 |
BE752966A (en) | 1970-12-16 |
NL7010735A (en) | 1971-01-21 |
JPS5414166B1 (en) | 1979-06-05 |
SE360563B (en) | 1973-10-01 |
CS150633B2 (en) | 1973-09-04 |
CA940454A (en) | 1974-01-22 |
IL34901A (en) | 1973-03-30 |
DK125624B (en) | 1973-03-19 |
NO132022C (en) | 1975-09-10 |
OA03643A (en) | 1971-12-24 |
IL34901A0 (en) | 1970-09-17 |
DE2034708A1 (en) | 1971-02-04 |
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