NO131644B - - Google Patents
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- NO131644B NO131644B NO1902/71A NO190271A NO131644B NO 131644 B NO131644 B NO 131644B NO 1902/71 A NO1902/71 A NO 1902/71A NO 190271 A NO190271 A NO 190271A NO 131644 B NO131644 B NO 131644B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- percent
- neutralizing
- lubricating oil
- acid
- Prior art date
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- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 alkaline earth metal salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002762 monocarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical class [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 3
- IULJSGIJJZZUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybenzenesulfonic acid Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O IULJSGIJJZZUMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001669 calcium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940069428 antacid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003159 antacid agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MVIOINXPSFUJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MVIOINXPSFUJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L fumarate(2-) Chemical class [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C([O-])=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N itaconic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002688 maleic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oleyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCCCO XMLQWXUVTXCDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004707 phenolate Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005691 triesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/52—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
- C10M133/54—Amines
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/027—Neutral salts thereof
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
- C10M2207/128—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids containing hydroxy groups; Ethers thereof
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/129—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of thirty or more carbon atoms
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol or ester thereof; bound to an aldehyde, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/06—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid
- C10M2209/062—Vinyl esters of saturated carboxylic or carbonic acids, e.g. vinyl acetate
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
- C10M2209/086—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type polycarboxylic, e.g. maleic acid
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- C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10M2209/103—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups
- C10M2209/109—Polyethers, i.e. containing di- or higher polyoxyalkylene groups esterified
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Description
Syrenøytraliserende smøreoljeblanding. Acid neutralizing lubricating oil mixture.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrorer en syrenoytraliserende smoreoljeblanding, omfattende: The present invention relates to an acid neutralizing lubricating oil mixture, comprising:
a) 60 -■ 80 vektprosent av en mineralsk eller syntetisk smoreolje a) 60 -■ 80 percent by weight of a mineral or synthetic lubricating oil
p) 3~5 vektprosent mettet eller umettet organisk eventuelt hy-droksylert monokarboksylsyre med 10-30 karbonatomer i kjeden og/ p) 3~5% by weight of saturated or unsaturated organic or possibly hydroxylated monocarboxylic acid with 10-30 carbon atoms in the chain and/
eller estere og/eller jordalkalimetallsalter derav, or esters and/or alkaline earth metal salts thereof,
c) 18-25 vektprosent nøytraliserende renseaiiddel bestående av noytrale eller ove.rbasiske jordalkalisulf onater, fenater og c) 18-25 percent by weight neutralizing cleaning agent consisting of neutral or over-basic alkaline earth sulfonates, phenates and
sulfofenater med molekylvekt kOO - 600, og sulfophenates with molecular weight kOO - 600, and
d) 1-3 vektprosent av et askefritt rense- og dispergeringsmiddel av polymertype, og det særegne ved smqreoljeblandingen i henhold til oppfinnelsen er at det askefrie rense- og dispergeringsmiddel har den generelle formel hvori R er hydrogen eller et alkylradikal, n er et helt tall mellom 2 og 10, X er oleofile karboksylsyregrupper med alkylradikaler med h- ho karbonatomer i kjeden og Y er en av de folgende polare grupper: d) 1-3 percent by weight of an ash-free polymer-type cleaning and dispersing agent, and the distinctive feature of the lubricating oil mixture according to the invention is that the ash-free cleaning and dispersing agent has the general formula in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical, n is an integer between 2 and 10, X is oleophilic carboxylic acid groups with alkyl radicals with h-ho carbon atoms in the chain and Y is one of the following polar groups:
hvori R har den ovennevnte betydning og R^ og R2 er forskjellige men har samme betydning som R, og n er et tall fra 1-3. wherein R has the above meaning and R 1 and R 2 are different but have the same meaning as R, and n is a number from 1-3.
Det er kjent at den åpne krets-smoring av sylindrene i store, langsomtgående, totakts skipsmotorer i mange år har vært basert på bruk av "syrenoytraliserende" oljer med et stort innhold av tilsetningsmidler (additiver, nemlig av størrelsesorden 25 vektprosent eller mer. It is known that the open circuit lubrication of the cylinders in large, slow-moving, two-stroke marine engines has for many years been based on the use of "acid neutralizing" oils with a high content of additives (additives, namely of the order of 25% by weight or more.
Grunnen til at disse oljer brukes, avhenger av det anvendte The reason these oils are used depends on the application
drivstoff. For å redusere lopende omkostninger drives disse motorer med tungoljer som har et hoyt prosentvist svovelinnhold. fuel. In order to reduce running costs, these engines are run with heavy oils that have a high percentage of sulphur.
Det er klart at under slike betingelser må de sure forbrennings-produkter, hovedsakelig svovelsyre, nøytraliseres slik at de ikke får tid til å korrodere metallet i sylinderforingene som de kommer i kontakt med. It is clear that under such conditions the acidic combustion products, mainly sulfuric acid, must be neutralized so that they do not have time to corrode the metal in the cylinder liners with which they come into contact.
Selv om den nøytraliserende funksjon, ved siden av smorefunk- Although the neutralizing function, next to the smorefunc-
sjonen, åpenbart er hovedfunksjonen for disse oljer, er det viktig å ha i erindring at oljen samtidig må virke som et rensemiddel, idet motorslammet og brennstoffets og smoremidlets termiske nedbrytningsprodukter ikke kan tillates å samle seg som et belegg på steder hvor det er nodvendig å opprettholde fri bevegelse av mekaniske deler. tion, obviously the main function of these oils, it is important to bear in mind that the oil must also act as a cleaning agent, since the engine sludge and the thermal decomposition products of the fuel and lubricant cannot be allowed to accumulate as a coating in places where it is necessary to maintain free movement of mechanical parts.
De mer kritiske soner i denne forbindelse er stempelringsporene The more critical zones in this regard are the piston ring grooves
hvor det som et resultat av nærvær av lakk- og tjæreprodukter fremkommet ved spaltning er muligheter for at stempelringene helt eller delvis vil skjære seg fast. I slike tilfeller vil stempelringene ikke kunne.utfore sin tettende funksjon og vil dessuten bli mer utsatt for mekaniske påkjenninger. where, as a result of the presence of varnish and tar products produced by splitting, there is a possibility that the piston rings will completely or partially cut. In such cases, the piston rings will not be able to perform their sealing function and will also be more exposed to mechanical stresses.
En ulempe som ofte forekommer ved mange vanlige syrenoytrali- A disadvantage that often occurs with many common acid neutralization
serende oljer som folge av deres hoye innhold av tilsetnings- healing oils as a result of their high content of additives
midler er dannelsen av store mengder reststoffer avledet fra selve tilsetningsmidlene. agents is the formation of large amounts of residual substances derived from the additives themselves.
Mengden og den fysikalske tilstand av disse reststoffer kan The amount and the physical state of these residues can
påvirke motorens gang idet innsprøytnings-, spyle- og ekshaust-ventilene vil kunne tilstoppes med hardt material som er vanske- affect the operation of the engine, as the injection, flushing and exhaust valves can be clogged with hard material which is difficult
lig å fjerne. body to remove.
Oljerestenes hardhet kan i forbindelse med brennstoffets fysi- The hardness of the oil residues can, in connection with the fuel's physical
kalske egenskaper bevirke slitasje og dannelse av riper på cal properties cause wear and the formation of scratches on
stempelskjortet, stempelringene og sylinderforingen. the piston shirt, the piston rings and the cylinder liner.
Ved bruken av spesielle råoljer har det i den senere tid vært tilgjengelig tunge brennstoffer med relativt lavt svovelinnhold (opp til et maksimum på 1$). Bruken av disse brennstoffer har vist seg uforenlig med smoreoljer som har et hoyt totalt syretall, idet de bevirker slitasje og fastbrenning under spesielle motorbelastningsforhold. Fra det foregående skulle det være klart at en syrenoytraliserende olje bor omfatte en egnet kombinasjon av komponenter, 'som hver er tiltenkt en bestemt funksjon og som ikke bringer forstyrrelser i de andre komponenters funksjoner, men derimot hvis mulig forbedrer dem. Hva angår den rensende funksjon er tilsetningsmidlene i syrenoytraliserende When using special crude oils, heavy fuels with a relatively low sulfur content (up to a maximum of $1) have recently been available. The use of these fuels has proven to be incompatible with lubricating oils that have a high total acid number, as they cause wear and sticking under special engine load conditions. From the foregoing, it should be clear that an acid neutralizing oil should include a suitable combination of components, each of which is intended for a specific function and which does not interfere with the functions of the other components, but on the other hand, if possible, improves them. As far as the cleansing function is concerned, the additives in antacids
oljer for skipsmotorer meget lik dem som anvendes for mindre motorer. Den nøytraliserende funksjon skyldes generelt bruken av kalsium- og magnesiumsalter av organiske syrer eller av svake uorganiske syrer. oils for marine engines very similar to those used for smaller engines. The neutralizing function is generally due to the use of calcium and magnesium salts of organic acids or of weak inorganic acids.
Det er ved fremstilling av komplekse og avbalanserte additiver for syrenoytraliserende oljer vel kjent å bruke overbasiske kalsiumsulfonater av naturlig eller syntetisk opprinnelse (alkarylsulfonater) som inneholder kalsium som en fin dispersjon av kalsiumforbindelser. Den oppnådde dispersjon er slik at produktet synes å bli grundig lost i oljen og den er også tilsynelatende loselig i de fleste kjente organiske losnings-midler. In the production of complex and balanced additives for acid neutralizing oils, it is well known to use overbasic calcium sulphonates of natural or synthetic origin (alkaryl sulphonates) which contain calcium as a fine dispersion of calcium compounds. The achieved dispersion is such that the product appears to be thoroughly dissolved in the oil and it is also apparently soluble in most known organic solvents.
Fremstillingsprosessene for slike dispersjoner er vel kjent og omfatter enten bruken av kalsiumderviater av fenol- og komplekse midler og som når de er passende saltdannet, også tjener som rense- og dispergeringsmidler. The manufacturing processes for such dispersions are well known and include either the use of calcium derivatives of phenolic and complexing agents which, when suitably salted, also serve as cleaning and dispersing agents.
Formålet med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å tilveiebringe en syrenoytraliserende smoreoljeblanding for åpen krets-smoring av sylindrene i store, langscmtgående, totakts skipsmotorer på en slik måte at rense-, nøytraliserings- og smoringsegenskapene er vel avbalansert og at de agglomererte reststoffer blir tilstrek-kelig spro og dermed lett fjernbare. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an acid-neutralizing lubricating oil mixture for open-circuit lubrication of the cylinders in large, long-stroke, two-stroke marine engines in such a way that the cleaning, neutralizing and lubricating properties are well balanced and that the agglomerated residues become sufficiently porous and thus easily removable.
Anvendbare organiske syrer omfatter mettede og umettede eventuelt hydroksylerte monokarboksylsyrer med 10 til 30 karbonatomer i kjeden, deres salter med jordalkalimetaller som kalsium og barium, eller deres estere, f.eks. estere avledet fra etyl-, propyl-, isopropyl-, butyl-, amyl-, oleyl-, stearyl- eller palmityl-alkohol, eller mono-, di- og triestere avledet fra glycerol, Useful organic acids include saturated and unsaturated optionally hydroxylated monocarboxylic acids with 10 to 30 carbon atoms in the chain, their salts with alkaline earth metals such as calcium and barium, or their esters, e.g. esters derived from ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, amyl, oleyl, stearyl or palmityl alcohol, or mono-, di- and triesters derived from glycerol,
eller mono- og diestere avledet fra etylenglykol. or mono- and diesters derived from ethylene glycol.
Som noytraliseringsmidler anvendes sulfonater og sulfofenater As neutralizing agents, sulfonates and sulfophenates are used
som ved siden av sin nøytraliserende virkning også utover en rensende virkning, i form av noytrale eller overbasiske jord-kalisulfonater, ferater (fenolater) og sulfenater (sulfofenolater) av typer som er kommersielt tilgjengelige. which, in addition to its neutralizing effect, also beyond a purifying effect, in the form of neutral or overbasic earth potassium sulphonates, ferrates (phenolates) and sulphenates (sulphophenolates) of types that are commercially available.
Disse produkter anvendes i slike mengder at de sikrer en sterkt nøytraliserende virkning, samtidig med en antioksyderende og antikorroderende virkning. These products are used in such quantities that they ensure a strong neutralizing effect, at the same time as an antioxidant and anti-corrosive effect.
Molekylvekten av de alkarylsulfonater, som er en foretrukket The molecular weight of the alkaryl sulfonates, which is a preferred one
form for sulfofenatene, og som er spesielt egnet for tilførsel av kalsiumderivater og i stand til effektivt å bidra til sta-bilisering av en meget hoy overalkalitet, varierer fra ^t-00-600, særlig omkring 500. form of the sulfophenates, and which is particularly suitable for the supply of calcium derivatives and capable of effectively contributing to the stabilization of a very high overalkalinity, varies from ^t-00-600, especially around 500.
Den mest effektive sulfofenoler (som ved saltdannelse omdannes til jordalkalisulfofenater) er karakterisert ved at de har to alkylaryl-kjerner bundet sammen ved hjelp av 1-3 svovelatomer i molekylet og har den generelle formel: The most effective sulfophenols (which are converted to alkaline earth sulfophenates during salt formation) are characterized by the fact that they have two alkylaryl nuclei bound together by means of 1-3 sulfur atoms in the molecule and have the general formula:
hvori n som nevnt er 1-3? fortrinnsvis 1 eller 2. where n as mentioned is 1-3? preferably 1 or 2.
Mens svovelet forhoyer sulfofenolens antikorroderende egenskaper, kan lengden av sidekjedene påvirke selve produktenes loselighet. While the sulfur increases the sulfophenol's anti-corrosive properties, the length of the side chains can affect the solubility of the products themselves.
De fenoler som kommer til anvendelse kan også være de enkleste med formel R - CgH^ - OH, eventuelt med forskjellige substitu-enter i kjernen eller fenoler som har to eller flere kjerner og substituentkjeder bundet sammen med f.eks. hydrokarbonbroer. The phenols that are used can also be the simplest ones with the formula R - CgH 2 - OH, possibly with different substituents in the core or phenols that have two or more cores and substituent chains bound together with e.g. hydrocarbon bridges.
På grunn av de voksende krav til de moderne skipsdieselmotorer tilsettes også komponenter som ved siden av deres rensende egenskaper også har dispergerende egenskaper, idet slike komponenter er nod-vendige i smoreoljeblandinger hvori de anvendte nbytraliserings- og rensemidler som i det foreliggende tilfelle har et hoyt T.S.T. (totalt syretall). Due to the growing demands on modern marine diesel engines, components are also added which, in addition to their cleaning properties, also have dispersing properties, as such components are necessary in lubricating oil mixtures in which the neutralizing and cleaning agents used, which in the present case have a high T.S.T. (total acid number).
De tidligere nevnte askefrie rense- og dispergeringsmidler av polymertype med den generelle formel: The previously mentioned polymer-type ashless cleaners and dispersants with the general formula:
hvori R er hydrogen eller et alkylradikal, n er et helt tall mellom 2 og 10, X er oleofile karboksylsyregrupper med alkylradikaler med h- kO karbonatomer i kjeden, og Y er en av de tidligere angitte polare grupper, kan greit fremstilles fra et stort antall monomerer som er istand til å danne en struktur som sikrer loseligheten i olje, f.eks. estere av akryl- og metakrylsyrer, estere av umettede polykarboksylsyrer (maleinater, fumarater, itakonater), vinyl- og alkyl-estere. in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical, n is an integer between 2 and 10, X is oleophilic carboxylic acid groups with alkyl radicals with h-kO carbon atoms in the chain, and Y is one of the previously indicated polar groups, can be easily prepared from a large number monomers that are able to form a structure that ensures solubility in oil, e.g. esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, esters of unsaturated polycarboxylic acids (maleates, fumarates, itaconates), vinyl and alkyl esters.
Rekkefolgen hvori de forskjellige komponenter eller bestanddeler tilsettes, har vanligvis liten betydning og bestemmes på grunnlag av egenskapene og av det anvendte anleggs driftsmuligheter. Det er nødvendig å være spesielt forsiktig med bruken av sure for-bindelser i kombinasjon med sulfonater og overbasiske sulfofenater på grunn av disses innhold av kalsium, idet salter av svake organiske syrer eller karbonsyre kan reagere og bindes til den tilsatte syre, og dette kan gi grunnlag for en ny forbindelse som ikke alltid har tilfredsstillende leselig- The sequence in which the various components or constituents are added is usually of little importance and is determined on the basis of the properties and the operating possibilities of the plant used. It is necessary to be particularly careful with the use of acidic compounds in combination with sulfonates and overbasic sulfophenates due to their calcium content, since salts of weak organic acids or carbonic acid can react and bind to the added acid, and this can give basis for a new connection which does not always have satisfactory legibility
het eller dispergerbarhet. heat or dispersibility.
I det tilfelle at frie organiske syrer anvendes og det blir nødvendig å nøytralisere dem, utfores denne operasjon generelt med ca ^\</>\ av hele mengden av mineralolje ved å tilsette den nodvezidige mengde kalsiumoksyd sammen med den sure forbindelse under kraftig omrøring ved hjelp av en turbinroreanordning, og under tilsetning av den nødvendige mengde vann. Produktet oppvarmes og omrøres i et temperaturområde mellom 70°C og 110°C og i et tidsrom nødvendig for fjernelse av det vann som ble til-satt for fullførelse av reaksjonen. In the event that free organic acids are used and it becomes necessary to neutralize them, this operation is generally carried out with about ^\</>\ of the entire amount of mineral oil by adding the required amount of calcium oxide together with the acid compound under vigorous stirring by of a turbine rudder device, and with the addition of the required amount of water. The product is heated and stirred in a temperature range between 70°C and 110°C and for a period of time necessary to remove the water that was added to complete the reaction.
Til det således oppnådde produkt tilsettes de andre komponenter ettec at produktet har antatt den vanlige temperatur som .anvendes for enkle blandeoperasjoner. The other components are added to the product thus obtained until the product has assumed the normal temperature used for simple mixing operations.
De folgende eksempler illustrerer noen smoreoljeblandinger i henhold til oppfinnelsen. The following examples illustrate some lubricating oil mixtures according to the invention.
Eksempel J__ Example J__
Eksempel 2.Example 2.
For vurdering av egenskapene til de syrenoytraliserende smoreoljeblandinger for bruk i skipsmotorer er det kjent at det er nodvendig å utfore lange og vanskelige undersokelser som hovedsakelig må utfores på motorer installert ombord i skip , eller i mer fordelaktige tilfeller i termoelektriske anlegg. Det er kjent at disse store motorer under vanlig gang er utsatt for et bemerkelsesverdig antall variable betingelser som gjor det vanskelig å tyde forsøksresultatene. Ytterligere vanskelig-heter er bundet til logiske og okonomiske grunner. Det er derfor vanligvis ikke mulig å utfore en forste vurdering direkte på motoren, men laboratorieapparater som er i stand til å si-mulere de mulige betingelser i praksis, må anvendes. Bare efcter et langt og omhyggelig vurderingsarbeide i laboratoriet ble smoreoljeblandingen i henhold til oppfinnelsen anvendt for forsok på motorer installert ombord i tankskip ved å anvende grupper på 2 - 3 sylindre på samme motor for å gjore det mulig å utfore flere forsok på samme tid. In order to assess the properties of the acid-neutralizing lubricating oil mixtures for use in marine engines, it is known that it is necessary to carry out long and difficult investigations which must mainly be carried out on engines installed on board ships, or in more advantageous cases in thermoelectric plants. It is known that during normal operation these large engines are exposed to a remarkable number of variable conditions which make it difficult to interpret the test results. Further difficulties are linked to logical and economic reasons. It is therefore usually not possible to carry out an initial assessment directly on the engine, but laboratory equipment capable of simulating the possible conditions in practice must be used. Only after a long and careful assessment work in the laboratory was the lubricating oil mixture according to the invention used for tests on engines installed on board tankers by using groups of 2 - 3 cylinders on the same engine to make it possible to carry out several tests at the same time.
Forst etter ea. ett års prover hvorunder motorene gikk nærmest kontinuerlig (ca. 7.500 timers gange) ble motorene kontrollert under de normale vedlikeholdsoperasjoner. Only after ea. one year of trials during which the engines ran almost continuously (approx. 7,500 hours of operation), the engines were checked during the normal maintenance operations.
Resultatene oppnådd med smoreoljeblandinger i henhold til oppfinnelsen syntes meget tilfredsstillende, hvilket fremgår av den folgende tabell: The results obtained with lubricating oil mixtures according to the invention seemed very satisfactory, as can be seen from the following table:
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT2482570 | 1970-05-19 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO131644B true NO131644B (en) | 1975-03-24 |
NO131644C NO131644C (en) | 1975-07-02 |
Family
ID=11214845
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO1902/71A NO131644C (en) | 1970-05-19 | 1971-05-19 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE767342A (en) |
DD (1) | DD96502A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2124943C3 (en) |
DK (1) | DK144336C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2090130B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1353034A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7106895A (en) |
NO (1) | NO131644C (en) |
SE (1) | SE383642B (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA713242B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0094814B1 (en) * | 1982-05-14 | 1989-04-19 | Exxon Research And Engineering Company | Lubricating oil additives |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB709903A (en) * | 1950-04-06 | 1954-06-02 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Lubricating oil composition |
US2830952A (en) * | 1955-03-01 | 1958-04-15 | Pure Oil Co | Gear oil compositions |
DE1594416A1 (en) * | 1964-01-04 | 1969-08-21 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | lubricant |
GB1131925A (en) * | 1967-03-10 | 1968-10-30 | Shell Int Research | Improvements in or relating to ester-based lubricants |
-
1971
- 1971-05-18 DK DK240371A patent/DK144336C/en active
- 1971-05-18 DD DD155168A patent/DD96502A5/xx unknown
- 1971-05-18 FR FR7117921A patent/FR2090130B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-05-18 GB GB1565071*[A patent/GB1353034A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-05-19 ZA ZA713242A patent/ZA713242B/en unknown
- 1971-05-19 NO NO1902/71A patent/NO131644C/no unknown
- 1971-05-19 SE SE7106513A patent/SE383642B/en unknown
- 1971-05-19 BE BE767342A patent/BE767342A/en unknown
- 1971-05-19 DE DE2124943A patent/DE2124943C3/en not_active Expired
- 1971-05-19 NL NL7106895A patent/NL7106895A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK144336C (en) | 1982-07-26 |
GB1353034A (en) | 1974-05-15 |
DE2124943B2 (en) | 1978-01-05 |
SE383642B (en) | 1976-03-22 |
FR2090130A1 (en) | 1972-01-14 |
NO131644C (en) | 1975-07-02 |
DK144336B (en) | 1982-02-22 |
DD96502A5 (en) | 1973-03-20 |
ZA713242B (en) | 1972-01-26 |
NL7106895A (en) | 1971-11-23 |
DE2124943C3 (en) | 1978-10-26 |
DE2124943A1 (en) | 1971-12-09 |
FR2090130B1 (en) | 1974-03-08 |
BE767342A (en) | 1971-10-18 |
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