NO131644B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO131644B
NO131644B NO1902/71A NO190271A NO131644B NO 131644 B NO131644 B NO 131644B NO 1902/71 A NO1902/71 A NO 1902/71A NO 190271 A NO190271 A NO 190271A NO 131644 B NO131644 B NO 131644B
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Norway
Prior art keywords
weight
percent
neutralizing
lubricating oil
acid
Prior art date
Application number
NO1902/71A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO131644C (en
Inventor
B Cinti
Original Assignee
Agip Spa
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Publication date
Application filed by Agip Spa filed Critical Agip Spa
Publication of NO131644B publication Critical patent/NO131644B/no
Publication of NO131644C publication Critical patent/NO131644C/no

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    • C10M133/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
    • C10M133/52Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms
    • C10M133/54Amines
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    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
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    • C10M2203/102Aliphatic fractions
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    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/04Groups 2 or 12
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252Diesel engines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/252Diesel engines
    • C10N2040/253Small diesel engines
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255Gasoline engines
    • C10N2040/26Two-strokes or two-cycle engines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Syrenøytraliserende smøreoljeblanding. Acid neutralizing lubricating oil mixture.

Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrorer en syrenoytraliserende smoreoljeblanding, omfattende: The present invention relates to an acid neutralizing lubricating oil mixture, comprising:

a) 60 -■ 80 vektprosent av en mineralsk eller syntetisk smoreolje a) 60 -■ 80 percent by weight of a mineral or synthetic lubricating oil

p) 3~5 vektprosent mettet eller umettet organisk eventuelt hy-droksylert monokarboksylsyre med 10-30 karbonatomer i kjeden og/ p) 3~5% by weight of saturated or unsaturated organic or possibly hydroxylated monocarboxylic acid with 10-30 carbon atoms in the chain and/

eller estere og/eller jordalkalimetallsalter derav, or esters and/or alkaline earth metal salts thereof,

c) 18-25 vektprosent nøytraliserende renseaiiddel bestående av noytrale eller ove.rbasiske jordalkalisulf onater, fenater og c) 18-25 percent by weight neutralizing cleaning agent consisting of neutral or over-basic alkaline earth sulfonates, phenates and

sulfofenater med molekylvekt kOO - 600, og sulfophenates with molecular weight kOO - 600, and

d) 1-3 vektprosent av et askefritt rense- og dispergeringsmiddel av polymertype, og det særegne ved smqreoljeblandingen i henhold til oppfinnelsen er at det askefrie rense- og dispergeringsmiddel har den generelle formel hvori R er hydrogen eller et alkylradikal, n er et helt tall mellom 2 og 10, X er oleofile karboksylsyregrupper med alkylradikaler med h- ho karbonatomer i kjeden og Y er en av de folgende polare grupper: d) 1-3 percent by weight of an ash-free polymer-type cleaning and dispersing agent, and the distinctive feature of the lubricating oil mixture according to the invention is that the ash-free cleaning and dispersing agent has the general formula in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical, n is an integer between 2 and 10, X is oleophilic carboxylic acid groups with alkyl radicals with h-ho carbon atoms in the chain and Y is one of the following polar groups:

hvori R har den ovennevnte betydning og R^ og R2 er forskjellige men har samme betydning som R, og n er et tall fra 1-3. wherein R has the above meaning and R 1 and R 2 are different but have the same meaning as R, and n is a number from 1-3.

Det er kjent at den åpne krets-smoring av sylindrene i store, langsomtgående, totakts skipsmotorer i mange år har vært basert på bruk av "syrenoytraliserende" oljer med et stort innhold av tilsetningsmidler (additiver, nemlig av størrelsesorden 25 vektprosent eller mer. It is known that the open circuit lubrication of the cylinders in large, slow-moving, two-stroke marine engines has for many years been based on the use of "acid neutralizing" oils with a high content of additives (additives, namely of the order of 25% by weight or more.

Grunnen til at disse oljer brukes, avhenger av det anvendte The reason these oils are used depends on the application

drivstoff. For å redusere lopende omkostninger drives disse motorer med tungoljer som har et hoyt prosentvist svovelinnhold. fuel. In order to reduce running costs, these engines are run with heavy oils that have a high percentage of sulphur.

Det er klart at under slike betingelser må de sure forbrennings-produkter, hovedsakelig svovelsyre, nøytraliseres slik at de ikke får tid til å korrodere metallet i sylinderforingene som de kommer i kontakt med. It is clear that under such conditions the acidic combustion products, mainly sulfuric acid, must be neutralized so that they do not have time to corrode the metal in the cylinder liners with which they come into contact.

Selv om den nøytraliserende funksjon, ved siden av smorefunk- Although the neutralizing function, next to the smorefunc-

sjonen, åpenbart er hovedfunksjonen for disse oljer, er det viktig å ha i erindring at oljen samtidig må virke som et rensemiddel, idet motorslammet og brennstoffets og smoremidlets termiske nedbrytningsprodukter ikke kan tillates å samle seg som et belegg på steder hvor det er nodvendig å opprettholde fri bevegelse av mekaniske deler. tion, obviously the main function of these oils, it is important to bear in mind that the oil must also act as a cleaning agent, since the engine sludge and the thermal decomposition products of the fuel and lubricant cannot be allowed to accumulate as a coating in places where it is necessary to maintain free movement of mechanical parts.

De mer kritiske soner i denne forbindelse er stempelringsporene The more critical zones in this regard are the piston ring grooves

hvor det som et resultat av nærvær av lakk- og tjæreprodukter fremkommet ved spaltning er muligheter for at stempelringene helt eller delvis vil skjære seg fast. I slike tilfeller vil stempelringene ikke kunne.utfore sin tettende funksjon og vil dessuten bli mer utsatt for mekaniske påkjenninger. where, as a result of the presence of varnish and tar products produced by splitting, there is a possibility that the piston rings will completely or partially cut. In such cases, the piston rings will not be able to perform their sealing function and will also be more exposed to mechanical stresses.

En ulempe som ofte forekommer ved mange vanlige syrenoytrali- A disadvantage that often occurs with many common acid neutralization

serende oljer som folge av deres hoye innhold av tilsetnings- healing oils as a result of their high content of additives

midler er dannelsen av store mengder reststoffer avledet fra selve tilsetningsmidlene. agents is the formation of large amounts of residual substances derived from the additives themselves.

Mengden og den fysikalske tilstand av disse reststoffer kan The amount and the physical state of these residues can

påvirke motorens gang idet innsprøytnings-, spyle- og ekshaust-ventilene vil kunne tilstoppes med hardt material som er vanske- affect the operation of the engine, as the injection, flushing and exhaust valves can be clogged with hard material which is difficult

lig å fjerne. body to remove.

Oljerestenes hardhet kan i forbindelse med brennstoffets fysi- The hardness of the oil residues can, in connection with the fuel's physical

kalske egenskaper bevirke slitasje og dannelse av riper på cal properties cause wear and the formation of scratches on

stempelskjortet, stempelringene og sylinderforingen. the piston shirt, the piston rings and the cylinder liner.

Ved bruken av spesielle råoljer har det i den senere tid vært tilgjengelig tunge brennstoffer med relativt lavt svovelinnhold (opp til et maksimum på 1$). Bruken av disse brennstoffer har vist seg uforenlig med smoreoljer som har et hoyt totalt syretall, idet de bevirker slitasje og fastbrenning under spesielle motorbelastningsforhold. Fra det foregående skulle det være klart at en syrenoytraliserende olje bor omfatte en egnet kombinasjon av komponenter, 'som hver er tiltenkt en bestemt funksjon og som ikke bringer forstyrrelser i de andre komponenters funksjoner, men derimot hvis mulig forbedrer dem. Hva angår den rensende funksjon er tilsetningsmidlene i syrenoytraliserende When using special crude oils, heavy fuels with a relatively low sulfur content (up to a maximum of $1) have recently been available. The use of these fuels has proven to be incompatible with lubricating oils that have a high total acid number, as they cause wear and sticking under special engine load conditions. From the foregoing, it should be clear that an acid neutralizing oil should include a suitable combination of components, each of which is intended for a specific function and which does not interfere with the functions of the other components, but on the other hand, if possible, improves them. As far as the cleansing function is concerned, the additives in antacids

oljer for skipsmotorer meget lik dem som anvendes for mindre motorer. Den nøytraliserende funksjon skyldes generelt bruken av kalsium- og magnesiumsalter av organiske syrer eller av svake uorganiske syrer. oils for marine engines very similar to those used for smaller engines. The neutralizing function is generally due to the use of calcium and magnesium salts of organic acids or of weak inorganic acids.

Det er ved fremstilling av komplekse og avbalanserte additiver for syrenoytraliserende oljer vel kjent å bruke overbasiske kalsiumsulfonater av naturlig eller syntetisk opprinnelse (alkarylsulfonater) som inneholder kalsium som en fin dispersjon av kalsiumforbindelser. Den oppnådde dispersjon er slik at produktet synes å bli grundig lost i oljen og den er også tilsynelatende loselig i de fleste kjente organiske losnings-midler. In the production of complex and balanced additives for acid neutralizing oils, it is well known to use overbasic calcium sulphonates of natural or synthetic origin (alkaryl sulphonates) which contain calcium as a fine dispersion of calcium compounds. The achieved dispersion is such that the product appears to be thoroughly dissolved in the oil and it is also apparently soluble in most known organic solvents.

Fremstillingsprosessene for slike dispersjoner er vel kjent og omfatter enten bruken av kalsiumderviater av fenol- og komplekse midler og som når de er passende saltdannet, også tjener som rense- og dispergeringsmidler. The manufacturing processes for such dispersions are well known and include either the use of calcium derivatives of phenolic and complexing agents which, when suitably salted, also serve as cleaning and dispersing agents.

Formålet med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å tilveiebringe en syrenoytraliserende smoreoljeblanding for åpen krets-smoring av sylindrene i store, langscmtgående, totakts skipsmotorer på en slik måte at rense-, nøytraliserings- og smoringsegenskapene er vel avbalansert og at de agglomererte reststoffer blir tilstrek-kelig spro og dermed lett fjernbare. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an acid-neutralizing lubricating oil mixture for open-circuit lubrication of the cylinders in large, long-stroke, two-stroke marine engines in such a way that the cleaning, neutralizing and lubricating properties are well balanced and that the agglomerated residues become sufficiently porous and thus easily removable.

Anvendbare organiske syrer omfatter mettede og umettede eventuelt hydroksylerte monokarboksylsyrer med 10 til 30 karbonatomer i kjeden, deres salter med jordalkalimetaller som kalsium og barium, eller deres estere, f.eks. estere avledet fra etyl-, propyl-, isopropyl-, butyl-, amyl-, oleyl-, stearyl- eller palmityl-alkohol, eller mono-, di- og triestere avledet fra glycerol, Useful organic acids include saturated and unsaturated optionally hydroxylated monocarboxylic acids with 10 to 30 carbon atoms in the chain, their salts with alkaline earth metals such as calcium and barium, or their esters, e.g. esters derived from ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, amyl, oleyl, stearyl or palmityl alcohol, or mono-, di- and triesters derived from glycerol,

eller mono- og diestere avledet fra etylenglykol. or mono- and diesters derived from ethylene glycol.

Som noytraliseringsmidler anvendes sulfonater og sulfofenater As neutralizing agents, sulfonates and sulfophenates are used

som ved siden av sin nøytraliserende virkning også utover en rensende virkning, i form av noytrale eller overbasiske jord-kalisulfonater, ferater (fenolater) og sulfenater (sulfofenolater) av typer som er kommersielt tilgjengelige. which, in addition to its neutralizing effect, also beyond a purifying effect, in the form of neutral or overbasic earth potassium sulphonates, ferrates (phenolates) and sulphenates (sulphophenolates) of types that are commercially available.

Disse produkter anvendes i slike mengder at de sikrer en sterkt nøytraliserende virkning, samtidig med en antioksyderende og antikorroderende virkning. These products are used in such quantities that they ensure a strong neutralizing effect, at the same time as an antioxidant and anti-corrosive effect.

Molekylvekten av de alkarylsulfonater, som er en foretrukket The molecular weight of the alkaryl sulfonates, which is a preferred one

form for sulfofenatene, og som er spesielt egnet for tilførsel av kalsiumderivater og i stand til effektivt å bidra til sta-bilisering av en meget hoy overalkalitet, varierer fra ^t-00-600, særlig omkring 500. form of the sulfophenates, and which is particularly suitable for the supply of calcium derivatives and capable of effectively contributing to the stabilization of a very high overalkalinity, varies from ^t-00-600, especially around 500.

Den mest effektive sulfofenoler (som ved saltdannelse omdannes til jordalkalisulfofenater) er karakterisert ved at de har to alkylaryl-kjerner bundet sammen ved hjelp av 1-3 svovelatomer i molekylet og har den generelle formel: The most effective sulfophenols (which are converted to alkaline earth sulfophenates during salt formation) are characterized by the fact that they have two alkylaryl nuclei bound together by means of 1-3 sulfur atoms in the molecule and have the general formula:

hvori n som nevnt er 1-3? fortrinnsvis 1 eller 2. where n as mentioned is 1-3? preferably 1 or 2.

Mens svovelet forhoyer sulfofenolens antikorroderende egenskaper, kan lengden av sidekjedene påvirke selve produktenes loselighet. While the sulfur increases the sulfophenol's anti-corrosive properties, the length of the side chains can affect the solubility of the products themselves.

De fenoler som kommer til anvendelse kan også være de enkleste med formel R - CgH^ - OH, eventuelt med forskjellige substitu-enter i kjernen eller fenoler som har to eller flere kjerner og substituentkjeder bundet sammen med f.eks. hydrokarbonbroer. The phenols that are used can also be the simplest ones with the formula R - CgH 2 - OH, possibly with different substituents in the core or phenols that have two or more cores and substituent chains bound together with e.g. hydrocarbon bridges.

På grunn av de voksende krav til de moderne skipsdieselmotorer tilsettes også komponenter som ved siden av deres rensende egenskaper også har dispergerende egenskaper, idet slike komponenter er nod-vendige i smoreoljeblandinger hvori de anvendte nbytraliserings- og rensemidler som i det foreliggende tilfelle har et hoyt T.S.T. (totalt syretall). Due to the growing demands on modern marine diesel engines, components are also added which, in addition to their cleaning properties, also have dispersing properties, as such components are necessary in lubricating oil mixtures in which the neutralizing and cleaning agents used, which in the present case have a high T.S.T. (total acid number).

De tidligere nevnte askefrie rense- og dispergeringsmidler av polymertype med den generelle formel: The previously mentioned polymer-type ashless cleaners and dispersants with the general formula:

hvori R er hydrogen eller et alkylradikal, n er et helt tall mellom 2 og 10, X er oleofile karboksylsyregrupper med alkylradikaler med h- kO karbonatomer i kjeden, og Y er en av de tidligere angitte polare grupper, kan greit fremstilles fra et stort antall monomerer som er istand til å danne en struktur som sikrer loseligheten i olje, f.eks. estere av akryl- og metakrylsyrer, estere av umettede polykarboksylsyrer (maleinater, fumarater, itakonater), vinyl- og alkyl-estere. in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical, n is an integer between 2 and 10, X is oleophilic carboxylic acid groups with alkyl radicals with h-kO carbon atoms in the chain, and Y is one of the previously indicated polar groups, can be easily prepared from a large number monomers that are able to form a structure that ensures solubility in oil, e.g. esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids, esters of unsaturated polycarboxylic acids (maleates, fumarates, itaconates), vinyl and alkyl esters.

Rekkefolgen hvori de forskjellige komponenter eller bestanddeler tilsettes, har vanligvis liten betydning og bestemmes på grunnlag av egenskapene og av det anvendte anleggs driftsmuligheter. Det er nødvendig å være spesielt forsiktig med bruken av sure for-bindelser i kombinasjon med sulfonater og overbasiske sulfofenater på grunn av disses innhold av kalsium, idet salter av svake organiske syrer eller karbonsyre kan reagere og bindes til den tilsatte syre, og dette kan gi grunnlag for en ny forbindelse som ikke alltid har tilfredsstillende leselig- The sequence in which the various components or constituents are added is usually of little importance and is determined on the basis of the properties and the operating possibilities of the plant used. It is necessary to be particularly careful with the use of acidic compounds in combination with sulfonates and overbasic sulfophenates due to their calcium content, since salts of weak organic acids or carbonic acid can react and bind to the added acid, and this can give basis for a new connection which does not always have satisfactory legibility

het eller dispergerbarhet. heat or dispersibility.

I det tilfelle at frie organiske syrer anvendes og det blir nødvendig å nøytralisere dem, utfores denne operasjon generelt med ca ^\</>\ av hele mengden av mineralolje ved å tilsette den nodvezidige mengde kalsiumoksyd sammen med den sure forbindelse under kraftig omrøring ved hjelp av en turbinroreanordning, og under tilsetning av den nødvendige mengde vann. Produktet oppvarmes og omrøres i et temperaturområde mellom 70°C og 110°C og i et tidsrom nødvendig for fjernelse av det vann som ble til-satt for fullførelse av reaksjonen. In the event that free organic acids are used and it becomes necessary to neutralize them, this operation is generally carried out with about ^\</>\ of the entire amount of mineral oil by adding the required amount of calcium oxide together with the acid compound under vigorous stirring by of a turbine rudder device, and with the addition of the required amount of water. The product is heated and stirred in a temperature range between 70°C and 110°C and for a period of time necessary to remove the water that was added to complete the reaction.

Til det således oppnådde produkt tilsettes de andre komponenter ettec at produktet har antatt den vanlige temperatur som .anvendes for enkle blandeoperasjoner. The other components are added to the product thus obtained until the product has assumed the normal temperature used for simple mixing operations.

De folgende eksempler illustrerer noen smoreoljeblandinger i henhold til oppfinnelsen. The following examples illustrate some lubricating oil mixtures according to the invention.

Eksempel J__ Example J__

Eksempel 2.Example 2.

For vurdering av egenskapene til de syrenoytraliserende smoreoljeblandinger for bruk i skipsmotorer er det kjent at det er nodvendig å utfore lange og vanskelige undersokelser som hovedsakelig må utfores på motorer installert ombord i skip , eller i mer fordelaktige tilfeller i termoelektriske anlegg. Det er kjent at disse store motorer under vanlig gang er utsatt for et bemerkelsesverdig antall variable betingelser som gjor det vanskelig å tyde forsøksresultatene. Ytterligere vanskelig-heter er bundet til logiske og okonomiske grunner. Det er derfor vanligvis ikke mulig å utfore en forste vurdering direkte på motoren, men laboratorieapparater som er i stand til å si-mulere de mulige betingelser i praksis, må anvendes. Bare efcter et langt og omhyggelig vurderingsarbeide i laboratoriet ble smoreoljeblandingen i henhold til oppfinnelsen anvendt for forsok på motorer installert ombord i tankskip ved å anvende grupper på 2 - 3 sylindre på samme motor for å gjore det mulig å utfore flere forsok på samme tid. In order to assess the properties of the acid-neutralizing lubricating oil mixtures for use in marine engines, it is known that it is necessary to carry out long and difficult investigations which must mainly be carried out on engines installed on board ships, or in more advantageous cases in thermoelectric plants. It is known that during normal operation these large engines are exposed to a remarkable number of variable conditions which make it difficult to interpret the test results. Further difficulties are linked to logical and economic reasons. It is therefore usually not possible to carry out an initial assessment directly on the engine, but laboratory equipment capable of simulating the possible conditions in practice must be used. Only after a long and careful assessment work in the laboratory was the lubricating oil mixture according to the invention used for tests on engines installed on board tankers by using groups of 2 - 3 cylinders on the same engine to make it possible to carry out several tests at the same time.

Forst etter ea. ett års prover hvorunder motorene gikk nærmest kontinuerlig (ca. 7.500 timers gange) ble motorene kontrollert under de normale vedlikeholdsoperasjoner. Only after ea. one year of trials during which the engines ran almost continuously (approx. 7,500 hours of operation), the engines were checked during the normal maintenance operations.

Resultatene oppnådd med smoreoljeblandinger i henhold til oppfinnelsen syntes meget tilfredsstillende, hvilket fremgår av den folgende tabell: The results obtained with lubricating oil mixtures according to the invention seemed very satisfactory, as can be seen from the following table:

Claims (1)

Syrenoytraliserende smoreoljeblanding, omfattende:Acid neutralizing lubricating oil mixture, comprising: a) 6O-8O vektprosent av en mineralsk eller syntetisk smoreolje, b) 3-5 vektprosent mettet eller umettet organisk, eventuelt hy-droksylert monokarboksylsyre rned 10-30 karbonatomer i kjeden, og/eller estere og/eller jordalkalimetallsalter derav, c) 18-25 vektprosent nøytraliserende rensemiddel bestående av noytrale eller overbasiske jordalkalisulfonater, fenater og sulfofenater med molekylvekt ^00 - 600, og d) 1~3 vektprosent av et askefritt rense- og dispergeringsmiddel av polymertype, karakterisert ved at det askefrie rense- og dispergeringsmiddel har den generelle formel hvori R er hydrogen eller et alkylradikal, n er et helt tall mellom 2 og 10, X er oleofile karboksylsyregrupper med alkylradikaler med h- ko karbonatomer i kjeden, og Y er en av de j folgende polare grupper: hvori R har den ovennevnte betydning^og R^ og R,-, er forskjellige, men har samme betydning som R, og n er et tall fra 1-3.a) 60-80 percent by weight of a mineral or synthetic lubricating oil, b) 3-5 percent by weight saturated or unsaturated organic, possibly hydroxylated monocarboxylic acid with 10-30 carbon atoms in the chain, and/or esters and/or alkaline earth metal salts thereof, c) 18 -25 percent by weight neutralizing cleaning agent consisting of neutral or overbasic alkaline earth sulfonates, phenates and sulfophenates with a molecular weight ^00 - 600, and d) 1~3 percent by weight of an ash-free cleaning and dispersing agent of polymer type, characterized in that the ash-free cleaning and dispersing agent has the general formula in which R is hydrogen or an alkyl radical, n is an integer between 2 and 10, X is oleophilic carboxylic acid groups with alkyl radicals with h- or carbon atoms in the chain, and Y is one of the j following polar groups: wherein R has the above meaning^and R^ and R,-, are different but have the same meaning as R, and n is a number from 1-3.
NO1902/71A 1970-05-19 1971-05-19 NO131644C (en)

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DK144336B (en) 1982-02-22
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FR2090130B1 (en) 1974-03-08
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