NO131592B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO131592B NO131592B NO3084/72A NO308472A NO131592B NO 131592 B NO131592 B NO 131592B NO 3084/72 A NO3084/72 A NO 3084/72A NO 308472 A NO308472 A NO 308472A NO 131592 B NO131592 B NO 131592B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- percent
- mixture
- gunpowder
- weight percent
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J dipotassium;tetrabromoplatinum(2-) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Pt+2] AXZAYXJCENRGIM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001487 potassium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940124024 weight reducing agent Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium tristearate Chemical group [Al+3].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CEGOLXSVJUTHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940063655 aluminum stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
- C06B29/02—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
- C06B29/08—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
- C06B33/06—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide the material being an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
Tennkruttblanding for faste rakett-drivkruttladninger. Gunpowder mixture for fixed rocket propellant charges.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrorer en tennkruttblanding for faste rakett-drivkrutt-ladninger av den type som omfatter a) minst et reduksjonsmiddel, b) minst et oksydasjonsmiddel samt c) et bindemiddel, og- det særegne ved tennkruttblandingen i henhold til oppfinnelsen er at blandingen består av The present invention relates to a gunpowder mixture for fixed rocket-propellant charges of the type that comprises a) at least one reducing agent, b) at least one oxidizing agent and c) a binder, and - the peculiarity of the gunpowder mixture according to the invention is that the mixture consists of
a) 30-40 vektprosent reduksjonsmidler- bestående, av 22-33 vektprosent aluminiumpulver og a) 30-40 weight percent reducing agents - consisting of 22-33 weight percent aluminum powder and
3-12 vektprosent zirkoniumpulver, 3-12 weight percent zirconium powder,
videre b) 59T69 vektprosent oksydasjonsmidler bestående av 51-62 vektprosent kaliumperklorat og further b) 59-69% by weight oxidizing agents consisting of 51-62% by weight potassium perchlorate and
3-12 vektprosent polytetrafluoretylen 3-12 percent by weight polytetrafluoroethylene
samt c) 0,5-2 vektprosent bindemiddel bestående av et as well as c) 0.5-2 weight percent binder consisting of a
fettsyresalt, fatty acid salt,
alt regnet på bais av vekten av den hele blanding. all calculated on the basis of the weight of the entire mixture.
Bindemidlet er fortrinnsvis aluminiumstearat, men andre fettsyre-salter kan anvendes. The binder is preferably aluminum stearate, but other fatty acid salts can be used.
Aluminiumet anvendes fortrinnsvis i form av pellets med en kornstorrelse mellom 2 og 5 ^im. Perkloratet har fortrinnsvis en midlere kornstorrelse på 30 yam. The aluminum is preferably used in the form of pellets with a grain size between 2 and 5 µm. The perchlorate preferably has an average grain size of 30 yam.
Polytetrafluoretylenet (ofte benevnt "Teflon") kan anvendes i form av vanlig stopepulver. The polytetrafluoroethylene (often referred to as "Teflon") can be used in the form of ordinary stoping powder.
Zirkoniumet anvendes fortrinnsvis i form av et pulver med en kornstorrelse meH,om 0,5 og 10 ^im, helst mellom 5 og 10 ^im. The zirconium is preferably used in the form of a powder with a grain size of between 0.5 and 10 µm, preferably between 5 and 10 µm.
De nye materialer fremstilles ved å blande bestanddelene i de angitte mengder ved hjelp av for eksempel en "Moritz"-blander, med liten rorehastighet i 1 time og i et klimarom ved 21-29°Cog 30-40% relativ fuktighet. De erholdte blandinger oppbevares i tette beholdere. De kan ved kompresjon tildannes tabletter eller andre formlegemer tilpasset den tilsiktede anvendelse. The new materials are produced by mixing the components in the indicated amounts using, for example, a "Moritz" mixer, with low stirring speed for 1 hour and in a climate room at 21-29°C and 30-40% relative humidity. The obtained mixtures are stored in tight containers. By compression, they can be formed into tablets or other shaped bodies adapted to the intended use.
Polytetrafluoretylenets rolle i denne type av materialer er av vesentlig betydning. The role of polytetrafluoroethylene in this type of material is of significant importance.
Det forbedrer de mekaniske egenskaper til den erholdte tennkruttblanding, noe som er særdeles interessant når blandingen komprimeres i form av tabletter. Det spiller også rollen som oksydasjonsmiddel ved at fluorinnholdet oker antallet av gassmolekyler som dannes fra en og samme kruttmasse. It improves the mechanical properties of the obtained gunpowder mixture, which is particularly interesting when the mixture is compressed in the form of tablets. It also plays the role of oxidizing agent in that the fluorine content increases the number of gas molecules that are formed from one and the same mass of gunpowder.
Tilsetning av polytetrafluoretylen minsker også tendensen til oppsmuldring av kruttet, noe som er farlig med henblikk på sikkerheten da slik oppsmuldring oker fSlsomheten overfor slag og friksjon. The addition of polytetrafluoroethylene also reduces the tendency for the gunpowder to crumble, which is dangerous in terms of safety, as such crumble increases susceptibility to impact and friction.
Hensikten med eh delvis erstatning av aluminium med zirkonium er The purpose of eh partial replacement of aluminum with zirconium is
å kompensere den okning av antall gassmolekyler som opptrer når det anvendes polytetrafluoretylen. Forbrenning av zirkonium frembringer zirkoniumoksyd som er et fast stoff ved den temperatur som oppnås ved forbrenning av tennkrutt-blandingen, mens aluminiumoksyd er gassformet ved denne-temperatur. Det er derfor npdvendig å begrense dannelsen av gassmolekyler .som oker trykket og folgelig påkjenningene i utskytningsoyeblikket. to compensate for the increase in the number of gas molecules that occurs when polytetrafluoroethylene is used. Combustion of zirconium produces zirconium oxide which is a solid substance at the temperature obtained by burning the gunpowder mixture, while aluminum oxide is gaseous at this temperature. It is therefore necessary to limit the formation of gas molecules, which increase the pressure and consequently the stresses at the moment of launch.
Zirkoniumet vil likeledes oke brennbarheten av kruttblandingen. The zirconium will also increase the combustibility of the gunpowder mixture.
I deri etterfølgende tabell ar kruttblandingen ifdlge oppfinnelsen sammenlignet blandt annet med aluminotermiske blandinger kalt "A1C10" henhv. "MI9" som begge er kjent for å gi gode resultater. Blandingenes sammensetning er uttrykt i vektprosent. In the following table, the gunpowder mixture according to the invention is compared, among other things, with aluminothermic mixtures called "A1C10" respectively. "MI9" both of which are known to produce good results. The composition of the mixtures is expressed as a percentage by weight.
Man ser således at, tross nærvær av teflon som forbedrer de mekaniske egenskaper, vil et forstandig valg av sammensetningen tillate oppnåelse av ydeevne som ligger meget nær opp til yde-evnen for "Al Cl 0" og "MI 9". It is thus seen that, despite the presence of Teflon which improves the mechanical properties, a wise choice of the composition will allow the achievement of performance which is very close to the performance of "Al Cl 0" and "MI 9".
På den annen side nedsettes folsomheten overfor slag og friksjon som det fremgår av den folgende tabell. On the other hand, sensitivity to impact and friction is reduced, as shown in the following table.
1) Fblsomhet i kg, målt på Julius Peters-apparat. 1) Density in kg, measured on a Julius Peters apparatus.
2) Målt på en slag-rambukk. 2) Measured on an impact ram.
Sammenlignes knusefastheten av "A1C10" med knusefastheten av tenn-kruttblandinger ifolge oppfinnelsen erholdes folgende resultater: If the crushing strength of "A1C10" is compared with the crushing strength of gunpowder mixtures according to the invention, the following results are obtained:
De nye tennmaterialer har, under bibeholdelse av like tilfreds-stillende yteevne som ved de kjente materialer "A1C10" og "MI9", folgende fordelaktige egenskaper: - en meget svakere fblsomhet overfor friksjon og slag, og de frembyr således en forbedret sikkerhet, - forbedrede mekaniske egenskaper når det gjelder pulvere beregnet til å bearbeides til formlegemer. The new ignition materials, while maintaining the same satisfactory performance as the known materials "A1C10" and "MI9", have the following advantageous properties: - a much weaker resistance to friction and impact, and they thus offer improved safety, - improved mechanical properties in the case of powders intended to be processed into shaped bodies.
Antennelsen av disse tennmaterialer kan foretas ved hjelp av en elektrisk tennanordning eller en mekanisk tennstift. Tennnings-forsinkelsen er av storrelsesordnen iO millisekunder. The ignition of these ignition materials can be carried out using an electric ignition device or a mechanical ignition pin. The ignition delay is of the order of 10 milliseconds.
Materialene kan anvendes som tennladninger for å antenne faste drivkruttladninger for raketter eller som overgangsladninger. The materials can be used as ignition charges to ignite solid propellant charges for rockets or as transition charges.
U.S. patentskrift 3.291.655 omhandler blandinger som ikke er svært forskjellige fra blandingene i henhold til foreliggende oppfinnelse, men det gir ingen anvisning på å oppnå de meget gode termodynamiske egenskaper som oppnås ved den foreliggende oppfinnelse, da alle fluorholdige elastomerer kan anvendes mens det ved den foreliggende oppfinnelse bare anvendes polytetrafluoretylen, og at det dernest bare kan anvendes zirkonium mens det ved den foreliggende oppfinnelse anvendes aluminium med et zirkoniuminnhold regnet på hele blandingen som ikke overstiger 12%. Det spesielle produkt som er omhandlet i det amerikanske patentskrift tillater folgelig ikke oppnåelse av en hoy U.S. patent document 3,291,655 deals with mixtures which are not very different from the mixtures according to the present invention, but it does not give any indication of achieving the very good thermodynamic properties achieved by the present invention, as all fluorine-containing elastomers can be used, while in the present invention invention only polytetrafluoroethylene is used, and that then only zirconium can be used, while in the present invention aluminum is used with a zirconium content calculated on the whole mixture that does not exceed 12%. The particular product referred to in the US patent therefore does not allow the achievement of a high
potentiell energi (jfr. den storre vannmengde ved dannelsen av aluminiumoksyd enn ved dannelsen av zirkoniumoksydo potential energy (cf. the larger amount of water in the formation of aluminum oxide than in the formation of zirconium oxide
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7131425A FR2151496A5 (en) | 1971-08-31 | 1971-08-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO131592B true NO131592B (en) | 1975-03-17 |
| NO131592C NO131592C (en) | 1975-06-25 |
Family
ID=9082356
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO3084/72A NO131592C (en) | 1971-08-31 | 1972-08-30 |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS4833008A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR195495A1 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE788258A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR7205980D0 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA981908A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH548348A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2242686A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK128676B (en) |
| ES (1) | ES406091A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2151496A5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1360333A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE36625B1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL40062A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT964929B (en) |
| LU (1) | LU65972A1 (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7211800A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO131592C (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA725998B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2474824B (en) * | 1981-11-17 | 2011-09-14 | Rheinmetall Ind Ag | Projectiles |
| DE3245907C2 (en) * | 1982-12-11 | 1986-10-30 | Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Process for the production of an incendiary mixture and its use in ammunition |
| RU2627409C1 (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-08 | Федеральное казенное предприятие "Государственный научно-исследовательский институт химических продуктов" (ФКП "ГосНИИХП") | Igniter composition |
-
0
- BE BE788258D patent/BE788258A/en unknown
-
1971
- 1971-08-31 FR FR7131425A patent/FR2151496A5/fr not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-08-03 GB GB3630672A patent/GB1360333A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-03 IE IE1093/72A patent/IE36625B1/en unknown
- 1972-08-07 IL IL40062A patent/IL40062A/en unknown
- 1972-08-11 IT IT69627/72A patent/IT964929B/en active
- 1972-08-21 CH CH1234072A patent/CH548348A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-08-24 CA CA150,144A patent/CA981908A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-25 ES ES406091A patent/ES406091A1/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-29 AR AR243785A patent/AR195495A1/en active
- 1972-08-29 LU LU65972A patent/LU65972A1/xx unknown
- 1972-08-30 NL NL7211800A patent/NL7211800A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1972-08-30 NO NO3084/72A patent/NO131592C/no unknown
- 1972-08-30 DK DK427972AA patent/DK128676B/en unknown
- 1972-08-30 BR BR005980/72A patent/BR7205980D0/en unknown
- 1972-08-30 DE DE2242686A patent/DE2242686A1/en active Pending
- 1972-08-31 ZA ZA725998A patent/ZA725998B/en unknown
- 1972-08-31 JP JP47086771A patent/JPS4833008A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1360333A (en) | 1974-07-17 |
| DE2242686A1 (en) | 1973-03-22 |
| CA981908A (en) | 1976-01-20 |
| IL40062A0 (en) | 1973-02-28 |
| ZA725998B (en) | 1973-06-27 |
| DK128676B (en) | 1974-06-17 |
| IT964929B (en) | 1974-01-31 |
| AR195495A1 (en) | 1973-10-15 |
| IE36625B1 (en) | 1977-01-19 |
| BR7205980D0 (en) | 1973-08-23 |
| CH548348A (en) | 1974-04-30 |
| NO131592C (en) | 1975-06-25 |
| IE36625L (en) | 1973-02-28 |
| FR2151496A5 (en) | 1973-04-20 |
| ES406091A1 (en) | 1976-05-16 |
| NL7211800A (en) | 1973-03-02 |
| LU65972A1 (en) | 1974-03-07 |
| BE788258A (en) | 1973-02-28 |
| IL40062A (en) | 1975-10-15 |
| JPS4833008A (en) | 1973-05-07 |
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