NO129833B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO129833B NO129833B NO01229/72*[A NO122972A NO129833B NO 129833 B NO129833 B NO 129833B NO 122972 A NO122972 A NO 122972A NO 129833 B NO129833 B NO 129833B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- blood
- dialysis
- pump
- pressure
- unit
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000036772 blood pressure Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010016717 Fistula Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000003890 fistula Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000036765 blood level Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001631457 Cannula Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000385 dialysis solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3639—Blood pressure control, pressure transducers specially adapted therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
- A61M2205/3344—Measuring or controlling pressure at the body treatment site
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
- A61M2205/3351—Controlling upstream pump pressure
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Description
Dialyseapparat for bloddialyse. Dialysis machine for blood dialysis.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår et dialyseapparat for bloddialyse, særskilt for dialysering av blodet for nyresyke pasienter ved hjelp av en dialyse-enhet. Denne enhet fungerer som en kunstig nyre, idet blod tas ut fra arterie-siden av pasientens blodomlbp og tilfores dialyse-enheten gjennom en drivpumpe med innstillbar, variabel hastighet; hvoretter det dialyserte blod tilfores venesiden av nevnte blodomlbp. The present invention relates to a dialysis machine for blood dialysis, in particular for dialysis of the blood for kidney disease patients using a dialysis unit. This unit functions as an artificial kidney, as blood is taken from the arterial side of the patient's blood circulation and supplied to the dialysis unit through a drive pump with an adjustable, variable speed; after which the dialyzed blood is supplied to the venous side of said blood omlbp.
I praksis har det vist seg hensiktsmessig å tappe ut og tilbake-føre blodet ved hjelp av kanyler som stikkes inn i blodårene i nærheten av en såkalt "fistel", som nærmest utgjor en kortslutning In practice, it has proven appropriate to drain and return the blood using cannulas that are inserted into the blood vessels near a so-called "fistula", which almost constitutes a short circuit
mellom en arterie og en vene, f.eks. i pasientens arm. between an artery and a vein, e.g. in the patient's arm.
Det er' herunder viktig at blodtrykket på innlopssiden av pumpen holdes; innenfor forut bestemte grenser. Dette er ikke så vanskelig å oppnå i praksis så lenge pasienten ligger stille. Da en blod-dialysering imidlertid vanligvis varer 6-7 timer og mer er det naturli-g at pasienten har behov for å bevege seg og skifte stilling. Blodtrykket vil da forandre seg med den folge at de på forhånd innstilte alarmgrenser vil overskrides om ikke betjeningen ved manuell regulering av pumpens hastighet raskt sorger for en etterinnstilling av det onskede trykknivå. Det er således ved kjente dialyseapparater nodvendig med en stadig overvåkning fra betjeningens side, hvilket ofte kan stille seg vanskelig ved den nåværende personal- og plass-mangel i sykehusene. It is also important that the blood pressure on the inlet side of the pump is maintained; within predetermined limits. This is not so difficult to achieve in practice as long as the patient lies still. However, since a blood dialysis usually lasts 6-7 hours or more, it is natural that the patient needs to move and change position. The blood pressure will then change with the consequence that the pre-set alarm limits will be exceeded if the operation by manual regulation of the pump's speed does not quickly ensure a readjustment of the desired pressure level. With known dialysis machines, it is therefore necessary to have constant monitoring from the operator's side, which can often be difficult due to the current lack of staff and space in hospitals.
For å overvinne denne ulempe har det vært foreslått å innstille pumpens hastighet automatisk ved hjelp av en kontrollenhet for å opprettholde et trykk som avfoles foran pumpen, innenfor forut bestemte grenser. To overcome this disadvantage, it has been proposed to set the speed of the pump automatically by means of a control unit in order to maintain a pressure sensed in front of the pump, within predetermined limits.
Det har imidlertid vist seg vanskelig å oppnå en pålitelig og drifts-sikker trykkavfoling i selve blodstrømmen, og det er derfor et formål for oppfinnelsen å fremskaffe et dialyseapparat hvori denne vanskelighet er overvunnet, således at den nodvendige bloddialyse om nodvendig kan foregå i pasientens hjem, uten spesiell overvåkning av sakkyndig personale. However, it has proved difficult to achieve a reliable and reliable pressure sensing in the blood flow itself, and it is therefore an object of the invention to provide a dialysis device in which this difficulty is overcome, so that the necessary blood dialysis can take place in the patient's home if necessary, without special supervision by expert staff.
Dette oppnås i henhold til oppfinnelsen ved at kontrollenheten for avfoling av nevnte trykk er forbundet med gassrummet i en i og for seg kjent, lukket boblefelle anordnet foran pumpen. This is achieved according to the invention in that the control unit for sensing said pressure is connected to the gas space in a known per se, closed bubble trap arranged in front of the pump.
Fortrinnsvis er herunder nevnte kontrollenhet anordnet og innrettet for avfoling av trykket i boblefellens gassvolum, som et uttrykk for blodtrykket på pumpens innlbpsside. Preferably, the below-mentioned control unit is arranged and arranged for sensing the pressure in the gas volume of the bubble trap, as an expression of the blood pressure on the pump's inlet side.
Ved et enkelt tilleggs-arrangement oppnås således et vesentlig teknisk fremskritt, som muliggjor sikker hjemmebehandling av f.eks. nyresyke pasienter, således at sykehus og sakkyndig personale avlastes. With a simple additional arrangement, a significant technical advance is thus achieved, which enables safe home treatment of e.g. kidney disease patients, so that hospitals and specialist staff are relieved.
Oppfinnelsen vil nå bli nærmere forklart og under henvisning The invention will now be explained in more detail and by reference
til den vedfoyde tegning, som skjematisk viser en foretrukket utforelse av oppfinnelsens apparat. to the attached drawing, which schematically shows a preferred embodiment of the apparatus of the invention.
Overst på tegningen er det skjematisk antydet hvorledes en At the top of the drawing, it is schematically indicated how one
arterie A og en vene V ved hjelp av et operativt inngrep er sammenkoblet i pasientens arm for dannelse av en fistel F. artery A and a vein V by means of an operative procedure are connected in the patient's arm to form a fistula F.
Kanyler Kl og K2 er fort inn i venen V nær fistelen for henholdsvis uttapping av blod for dialysebehandling og tilbakeforing av det behandlete blod til pasientens kretslop. Needles Kl and K2 are quickly inserted into vein V near the fistula for withdrawing blood for dialysis treatment and returning the treated blood to the patient's circulation, respectively.
Fra kanylen Kl strommer blodet gjennom en plastslange Sli From the cannula Kl, the blood flows through a plastic tube Sli
pilens retning til en boblefelle Bl, og derfra gjennom en ytterligere slange S2 til en sirkulasjonspumpe P med innstillbar, variabel hastighet og som driver blodstrommen i den ytre krets. the direction of the arrow to a bubble trap Bl, and from there through a further hose S2 to a circulation pump P with adjustable, variable speed and which drives the blood flow in the external circuit.
Boblefellen u tgores av et lukket kammer som bare delvis er fylt The bubble trap is created by a closed chamber that is only partially filled
med blod, således at gassen G ovenfor blodnivået N antar en trykkverdi som er representativ for trykkforholdene på pumpens innlopsside. with blood, so that the gas G above the blood level N assumes a pressure value that is representative of the pressure conditions on the pump's inlet side.
Fra pumpen P drives blodet gjennom en tredje plastslange S3 til selve dialyse-enheten D, hvori blodet dialyseres ved hjelp av dialysevæske som ferdigblandes og bringes til riktig temperatur i en blande-enhet M, som er tilsluttet dialyseenheten D over en egen krets C. Dialyseenhetens og blandeenhetens virkemåte berores ikke av oppfinnelsen og skal "derfor ikke bli nærmere forklart her. Fra dialyseenhetens utgangsside tilbakefores imidlertid det ferdige dialyserte blod over en ytterligere plastslange S4 og en ytterligere boblefelle B2 i pilens retning til utlopskanylen K2. From the pump P, the blood is driven through a third plastic hose S3 to the dialysis unit D itself, in which the blood is dialysed using dialysis fluid that is premixed and brought to the correct temperature in a mixing unit M, which is connected to the dialysis unit D via a separate circuit C. The dialysis unit's and the operation of the mixing unit is not affected by the invention and shall therefore not be explained in more detail here. However, from the output side of the dialysis unit, the finished dialyzed blood is fed back via a further plastic tube S4 and a further bubble trap B2 in the direction of the arrow to the outlet cannula K2.
Som antydet med en stiplet pil-linje, er det anordnet en spesiell kontrollenhet Q for avfoling av det herskende trykk i det gassvolum G som er innesluttet i den lukkete boblefelle Bl ovenfor blodnivået N. Dette trykk er betegnende for trykkforholdene mellom kanylen Kl og pumpen P. Videre er kontrollenheten Q, som antydet ved en ytterligere stiplet pil-linje, innrettet for å regulere hastigheten av pumpen P på grunnlag av det avfblte trykk, på en slik måte at nevnte trykk i gassvolumet G til enhver tid holdes innenfor sådanne forut bestemte grenser som erfaringsmessig har vist seg å medfbre sikker drift av dialyse-apparatet og dets tilslutninger til pasienten. As indicated by a dashed arrow line, a special control unit Q is arranged for sensing the prevailing pressure in the gas volume G enclosed in the closed bubble trap Bl above the blood level N. This pressure is indicative of the pressure conditions between the cannula Kl and the pump P Furthermore, the control unit Q, as indicated by a further dashed arrow line, is arranged to regulate the speed of the pump P on the basis of the detected pressure, in such a way that said pressure in the gas volume G is kept within such predetermined limits at all times which experience has shown to result in safe operation of the dialysis machine and its connections to the patient.
Da kontrollenheten Q automatisk sorger for opprettholdelse av korrekt blodtrykk selv om pasienten beveger seg moderat eller skifter stilling, unngås enhver manuell overvåkning av apparatet. As the control unit Q automatically ensures that the correct blood pressure is maintained even if the patient moves moderately or changes position, any manual monitoring of the device is avoided.
Enheten Q er som antydet på tegningen, hensiktsmessig sammenbygget med blande-enheten, for samling av alt kontrollutstyr i en enhet. The unit Q is, as indicated in the drawing, suitably combined with the mixing unit, for the collection of all control equipment in one unit.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO01229/72*[A NO129833B (en) | 1972-04-11 | 1972-04-11 | |
CH510673A CH561071A5 (en) | 1972-04-11 | 1973-04-10 | |
DE2318296A DE2318296A1 (en) | 1972-04-11 | 1973-04-11 | BLOOD DIALYSIS DEVICE |
FR7313075A FR2179980A1 (en) | 1972-04-11 | 1973-04-11 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO01229/72*[A NO129833B (en) | 1972-04-11 | 1972-04-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO129833B true NO129833B (en) | 1974-06-04 |
Family
ID=19878058
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO01229/72*[A NO129833B (en) | 1972-04-11 | 1972-04-11 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CH (1) | CH561071A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2318296A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2179980A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO129833B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1104032A (en) * | 1977-05-09 | 1981-06-30 | Marc Bellotti | Integral hydraulic circuit for hemodialysis apparatus |
FR2469928A1 (en) * | 1979-11-23 | 1981-05-29 | Thomasset Auguste | APPARATUS FOR THE CONTROL OF HEMODIALYSIS SESSIONS |
NL8801400A (en) * | 1988-06-01 | 1990-01-02 | Akzo Nv | Apparatus for withdrawing an optimum amount of blood per unit time from a donor. |
JP2974429B2 (en) * | 1991-02-04 | 1999-11-10 | 徹 新里 | Blood purification device |
-
1972
- 1972-04-11 NO NO01229/72*[A patent/NO129833B/no unknown
-
1973
- 1973-04-10 CH CH510673A patent/CH561071A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-04-11 FR FR7313075A patent/FR2179980A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1973-04-11 DE DE2318296A patent/DE2318296A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2318296A1 (en) | 1973-10-25 |
FR2179980A1 (en) | 1973-11-23 |
CH561071A5 (en) | 1975-04-30 |
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