NO129557B - - Google Patents

Description

Sonar device.

The invention relates to a sonar apparatus with a recording device by which a writing device is periodically moved over a writing surface, as well as with a triggering device that can be continuously adjusted in relation to the writing device for periodically triggering sound pulses.

Sonar devices of the aforementioned kind are known, in which the speed of rotation of the recording device for producing the echo recording from a sub-area that can be moved continuously within the collected solder area is increased so that in the time between two transmissions it passes once over the recording strip. Underneath, it has been ensured that echoes can only be recorded during one of these passages. Furthermore, this sonar device is equipped with a device for continuously setting the time for the sound emission within the total sounding area. The setting of the time for triggering the sound pulses takes place with the help of a cam disk that is driven from the writing device's drive device. It is continuously adjustable in relation to the writing device, so that it affects a contact to trigger the sound pulses at an earlier or later time.

In order to enable a particularly simple setting of the triggering device for periodic triggering of sound pulses, according to the invention, the triggering device is connected to the drive device for the writing element via a worm or planetary gearbox, during which setting of the triggering device in relation to the writing element either takes place by displacement of a worm screw in the axial direction, or by introducing a co-operating drive with the orbiting planet wheels. The most important advantage of a device according to the invention is the possibility of continuous setting of the partial area, while the recording or reading device is in operating condition.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, a known per se movable film scale is arranged for reading the soldering depth, which extends over the writing surface of the recording device and is movable in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the writing strip and which film scale is preferably adjusted in meters and is movable corresponding to the setting of the time of the audio broadcast.

A further embodiment of the invention consists in that there is arranged a contact mechanism which interacts with the device for triggering the sound pulse and is connected to the device for continuously setting the time for the sound emission and is adjustable at the same time as this and which affects the writing device electrically so that a writing strip is applied marks to indicate the sub-area that is registered at any time.

This embodiment has the particular advantage that no additional recording device is needed to indicate the partial area, as the necessary writing device is also used for this purpose.

The invention shall be described in more detail

in the following in connection with two design examples shown in the drawing.

Fig. 1 to 5 show a reading device for echo sounder devices, with the help of which a sub-area that can be moved continuously over a total area can be read by shifting the time of the sound emission. The reading device consists of a recording device and a cathode ray oscillograph. Both the recording device and the cathode ray oscillograph can be individually set so that their sub-areas are located at the same or at different locations of the total soldering area.

Figs 1 and 2 show the recording device's writing surface 1 as well as the cathode ray tube's picture screen 2. Above the writing surface 1 of the recording device, a film scale 3 sqm is arranged that can be moved perpendicularly to the direction of movement of the writing strip so that it moves together with the displacement of the sub-area and allows immediate reading of the soldering distance or the solder depth that comes to registration. Marks have been applied to the writing surface, e.g. lines 4, which indicate in which sub-area the echo is recorded. The registration's distance from one of these lines indicates below the exact measurement value. This makes it possible to analyze the registrations also at a later time.

On the cathode ray tube's picture screen 2, the currently received echo is projected on an enlarged scale so that the shape of the echo allows inferences with regard to the nature and nature of the object that reflects the echo. The displacement of the time of the sound emission in relation to the position of the writing device on the recording device is made possible by means of a special design of a worm gearbox. This worm gearbox is driven by the drive device of the writing body and serves to operate a cam disc 5.

In the movement path of the cam disc 5 there are two switch contacts 6 and 7 which are arranged for triggering the sound pulse. On the shaft 8 for this cam disc, a worm wheel 9 is placed which engages with a worm screw 10. The worm screw 10 is connected via its shaft 11 to the writing device's drive device. On the shaft 11 there is a cylindrical gear 12 which engages with another , equally large, cylindrical gear wheel 13. On the shaft 14 of the gear wheel 13 there is likewise arranged a worm screw 15 which has a similar design to the worm screw 10. The worm screw 15 is located in engagement with a worm wheel 16 corresponding to the worm wheel 9, and on the shaft of the worm wheel 16, a cam 17 is attached which, in a similar way to the cam disk 5, affects two contacts 18 and 19. The latter contacts 18 and 19 serve to trigger the cathode ray tube's time base.

Each of the self-tapping screws 10 and 15 can, by means of a rack 20 and 35, be

pushed in the direction of its axis of rotation. During this displacement, the cam disc 5 is rotated, resp. the comb 17 such that in relation to the contacts and also in relation to the writing means that either the time for the sound emission is shifted or the time for triggering the cathode ray tube's time base is shifted.

On the shaft 8 for the cam disc 5, there is likewise arranged one coupling drum 21. On this is placed parallel running

metarliiSter 22 that engages

with contact spring pairs 23, 24 and 25, thereby ending the current circuit for one of these contact pairs. The metallists are gathered in groups

with different numbers of lists in each group.

The groups are arranged with a mutual angular distance of 60°. The number of metallists in each group is such that it increases gradually from one to five, i.e. the smallest group consists of one metallist and the largest group of five metallists. Between the group consisting of one strip and the group consisting of five strips, there is an angular distance of 120°. The length of the metal stones is such that the individual groups do not overlap each other seen in the longitudinal direction of the drum.

The individual contact springs in the contact spring pairs 23 to 25 are positioned relatively displaceable. All the contact spring pairs are further arranged on a slide 26 that can be moved parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum 21. This slide is moved in steps by means of a step switching mechanism 27. The step switching mechanism further affects a switch 27'. This switch comes into operation as soon as the zero echo is applied to the writing strip.

On the shaft 8 for the clutch drum 21 or the comb 5 is likewise arranged with a worm screw 28 which affects a further switch contact 29 above a comb 30. This switch contact is affected when, instead of full marking lines, it is desired to apply broken marking lines. Such broken marking lines are preferable in cases where a registration coincides with a marking line.

The aforementioned rack 20 for the worm screw 10 is in engagement with a drive 31. The drive is fixed on a shaft 32. A handle, not shown, is also placed on this shaft by means of which the drive 31 and the rack 20 can displace the worm screw 10 axially direction. The shaft 32 extends through a hollow shaft 33 on which a handle, not shown, is also placed. Furthermore, on this hollow shaft 33 is attached a drive 34 with the same dimensions as the drive 31 and which engages with a toothed rack 35 designed in the same way as the rack 20. Above the drive 34 and the rack 35, the worm screw 15 can be displaced in an axial direction in a similar way to the worm screw 10. When the worm screw 15 is displaced, the cam 17 is adjusted in relation to the contact 18 and 19, so that the triggering of the cathode ray tube occurs earlier or later in relation to the writing device.

One end 36 of each of the tooth stones 20 and 35 is designed as part of a switch. This switch contact engages with a spring contact 37 when soldering in the lower part of the assembled soldering area. If you move the screw 10 or 15 relatively far to the left in fig. 3, the contact parts 36 and 37 come out of engagement, and the contacts 6 resp. 19 is released so that with each revolution of the cam 17 only one time-based release takes place.

On the setting shaft 32 for the drive 31, the step switching mechanism 27 is also arranged in the form of a drum. In this drum, a guide track 38 is arranged which gradually adjusts the slide 26 which carries the contact spring pairs 23-25. The step-by-step displacement occurs when the marking line that marks a certain section of the overall soldering area wanders out of the writing surface.

The contact spring pairs 23 to 25 are connected in the current circuit for the writing device. When one of the contact spring pairs is closed by means of one of the metal bars 22, the writing device receives an electrical pulse which causes a recording to take place on the writing paper. Corresponding to the number of metal bars in a group, one or more records are made one after the other which together with the relative movement of the writing strip gives parallel running lines. The number of lines corresponds to an assigned stretch of the total soldering area. The width of the marking lines depends on the position of the two spring ends of a pair of contact springs in relation to each other.

If the spring ends are the same length, the relevant current circuit will remain closed for a longer time than when the spring ends are offset in relation to each other in the longitudinal direction of the springs. In the latter case, the time during which both spring ends touch the rutal strips is shorter than when the spring ends simultaneously come into contact with the rutal strips.

In the relative adjustment of the cam disk 5 by axial displacement of the worm screw 10, the coupling drum 21 is likewise rotated in relation to the writing device, so that the pulsation effected by means of the metal stones occurs earlier or later. This causes the lines that mark a certain depth or distance to wander across the writing strip. Below, it has been ensured that there can be no overlapping of the drawing of the marking lines. As already mentioned earlier, they are different

-groups of metal slats distributed along the perimeter in such a way that they have an angular distance of 60° between them. As the width of the writing surface makes up one third of the overall path of the writing element, three contacts can act one after the other on the writing element without an overlapping of the writing down of the marks taking place below. Namely, if a group of marking lines moves from above, resp. from below into the writing surface, the other simultaneously leaves the writing surface. As soon as now the time of the pulse shaking wanders so that the sub-area exceeds the limit of the section for the overall soldering area which is characterized by the largest resp. smallest of the three groups of Imetallists that are in function, the slide 26 with the help of the step switching mechanism 27

is automatically set forward, so that the next group of metallists that comes into consideration can intervene with the contact teachings. However, if no marking in the form of closed lines is to be recorded, as they would possibly reduce the clarity of the echo registration, it can be achieved with the help of the switch 29 that the writing device only periodically records markings of the solder depth or the distance.

On the shaft 32, in addition to the drive 31 and the step switching mechanism 27, the setting wheel 40 for the film scale 3 is also placed. With this arrangement of the aforementioned parts on one and the same shaft, it is achieved that the displacement of the part area, the adjustment of the film scale and the setting of the contact mechanism for the marking lines take place simultaneously, as that these different elements of the recording apparatus remain in the correct position in relation to each other. The operation of the described device is as follows: If the recording device is in operation, the writing member 41 rotates at a constant speed. The device connected to the operation of the writing device by means of the worm gearbox 9 and 10 for triggering the sound pulse runs at a number of revolutions which is conditioned by the translation ratio of the gearbox. Underneath, the cam 5 closes at each revolution first both contacts 6 and 7, which means that per rotation of the writing element, a sound pulse is emitted as the cam 5 rotates at half the number of revolutions of the writing element..

It shall now be assumed that soldering first takes place in the lowest part of the overall soldering area. The zero echo is thus noted on the writing surface 1. In this case, the step switching mechanism 27 can influence the switch 27' whereby the contact sensors 23 are put out of action and only the contact spring pairs 24 and 25 give a pulse to the writing device.

If the shaft 32 is now turned, the drive 31 will cause displacement of the rack 20 and thereby the worm screw 10 will be displaced in the direction towards the gear wheel 12, i.e. to the left in fig. 3, during which at the same time the cam disc 5 is turned. Thereby, the time for triggering the sound pulse moves out of the writing surface so that the zero echo no longer appears on the writing stem.

Together with the cam disc 5, the coupling drum 21 with its metal bars 22 is also adjusted in relation to the writing device. While the zero echo as already mentioned was still being recorded, a marking 4 consisting of a line was already recorded at the lower end at the end of the contact pair 25 by means of a metal, which marking e.g. corresponds to a distance of 100 meters.

As soon as the zero-echo line moves out of the writing surface as a result of prepositioning the cam disc 5, it moves onto the writing surface by means of the line or marking 4 recorded by the contact drum. If the depth or distance to the area being soldered is now increased, the marking 4 consisting of one line also eventually moves out from the writing surface in an upward direction, while the marking consisting of two lines moves into the writing surface. Below this, the step switching mechanism is turned so far that a step-by-step adjustment of the slide 26 is made, so that the pair of contact springs 23 can engage with the group consisting of four metal bars. At the same time, however, all three pairs of contact springs have moved one metal ladder group forward. As a result, the contact spring pair 25 no longer interacts with the group consisting of one metal, but with the group consisting of two metals. This movement of the marking line 4, which indicates the soldering depth, takes place continuously corresponding to the adjustment of the time of the sound emission as well as the displacement of the film scale 3 above the writing surface. However, while the film scale allows accurate reading of the solders recorded at any given time, the recorded markings 4 allow an analysis of the described writing strip at a later time. It must be noted below that with this constant displacement of the sub-area, this sub-area always remains the same size as it is necessarily dependent on the width of the writing strip. The partial area determined with regard to its size, which can be indicated by the cathode ray oscillograph, can be displaced in a similar way in relation to the writing device, as described above. Thereby, this sub-area can be directed towards main lot registrations, resp. against side-ordered registrations, against so-called double echoes, where the shape of the image on the cathode ray oscillograph's screen allows an accurate interpretation as to the nature and form of the soldered object, or inferences as to the cause of the echo.

Fig. 6 and 7 show a further drive device for operating a resp. two cam discs which can also be adjusted in relation to a writing device so that the time of the sound transmission or the triggering of the cathode ray tube time base can be shifted using this precaution. This drive device is designed as a planetary gearbox. It is driven by a cylindrical gear 46 which is arranged on the shaft 47

and is operated from the drive device for the writing member. A rotatable sun gear 48 is located with its outer ring gear in engagement with the gear wheel 46. The sun gear is supported on a ball bearing and rotatably arranged on a shaft 56, 57 fixed in the housing. It has on both sides of its pitch an internally toothed ring gear 49 and 50. Planet wheels 51 and 52 run in both of these ring gears. Each of these planet wheels is stored on

a separate, rotatably arranged disk 53, resp. 54. The storage of these two disks 53 and 54 acting as steps for the planet wheels each consists of a ball bearing 55. Through the ball bearing for both disks, the fixed shafts 56 and 57 extend in the housing, on each of which is placed a fixed cylindrical gear 58 resp. . 59. The planet wheels 51 and 52 roll on the tooth rings of the aforementioned gears 58 and 59. The shafts 56 and 57 can be manually turned in their bearings and in relation to the disks 53 and 54.

A comb 60 is arranged on the disk 53 which serves to influence the two scanning contacts 61 and 62 placed symmetrically opposite each other. These contacts serve to trigger the time base.

On the disk 54, a corresponding cam 63 is attached which is arranged to actuate the two diametrically opposite contacts 64 and 65. These switch contacts trigger the release of the sound pulses. The gear ratio for the two-sided planetary gear is 2:1. Consequently, with each revolution of the writing element, the cam disks 53 and 54 make half a revolution. With each revolution of the writing device, only one sound is emitted.

When soldering in a larger area, however, both a switch contact and a scanning contact can be switched off, which means that soldering is only done once for every other revolution of the writing device.

By turning the steering shaft 57, the stationary gear 59 is turned. The planet gear 52, which is carried by the gear 59, rotates below it in engagement with the internal ring gear 50 on the sun gear 48 and adjusts the cam 63 on the cam disc 54 in relation to the writing device. This pretense therefore causes a later or earlier emission of sound pulses. The situation is similar on the other side of the planetary exchange. Here, the toothed wheel 58 is also turned by turning the setting shaft 56. This also has the effect that the planet wheel 51 rotates in engagement with the internal ring gear 49 on the sun wheel 48 and the cam on the disc 53 is adjusted in relation to its contacts, but also in relation to the writing element. This arrangement is such that triggering of the cathode ray oscillograph, which is effected at the end of one of the scanning contacts 61 and 62, takes place earlier or later in relation to the sound emission.

With the help of this double-sided planet changer, it is thus possible to place a partial area within an overall soldering area by continuously shifting the time of the sound transmission. Furthermore, it is possible to shift the sub-area that is soldered, in relation to this adjustable sub-area, so that when recording several echoes, the nature of the recording can be examined in more detail by setting the cathode ray oscillograph.

It will be understood that this planetary gear can be connected with a device for applying marking lines to the writing strip. Likewise, at the same time as adjusting the gears 58 and 59, a film scale arranged above the writing surface can be moved.

Claims (17)

1. Sonar device with a recording device in which a writing device is periodically moved over a writing surface, as well as with a triggering device that can be continuously adjusted in relation to the writing device for periodic triggering of sound pulses, characterized in that the triggering device is connected to the drive device for the writing device via a screw or planetary gear, and that the setting of the release device in relation to the writing the body either occurs by displacement of a worm screw in the axial direction, or by adjusting a co-operating drive with the orbiting planet wheels. 2. Sonar device as specified in claim 1, characterized in that for reading the depth of the plume above the writing surface of the recording device, a movable film scale known per se is arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement of the writing strip, which is preferably divided into meters and can be moved corresponding to the setting of the time of the audio broadcast. 3. Sonar device as stated in claim 1, characterized in that a contactor is arranged that interacts with the device for triggering the sound pulse, which is connected to the device for continuously setting the time for the sound emission and can be set simultaneously with this and which affects the writing device electrically, so that marks are indicated on a writing strip to mark the sub-area that is registered at any time. 4. Sonar device as specified in claims 1-3, characterized in that the exchange between the release device and the drive device for the writing element is a worm gear which consists of a worm wheel (9) and a worm screw (10) that can be displaced in the axial direction, that on the shaft (8) of the worm wheel a cam disc (5) arranged to act on two fixed contacts (6 and 7), which contacts, when closed, cause the emission of a sound pulse, so that the worm screw (10) above a cylindrical gear (12) and another cylindrical gear (13) is forcibly connected with another worm screw (15) which is likewise displaceably arranged in the axial direction and is located in engagement with a worm wheel (16) on the shaft of which a cam (17) arranged to influence two fixed sensing contacts (18 and 19) is arranged. 5. Sonar device as specified in claim 4, characterized in that one worm screw (10) is connected to a rack (20), so that this cannot be displaced axially in relation to the worm screw, which rack is in engagement with a drive (31) which is arranged on the setting shaft (32) for a handle for displacing the auger (10). 6. Sonar device as specified in claim 5, characterized in that one end of the rack (20) which can be moved parallel to the axis of rotation of the worm screw (10) is designed as a contact part (36) which can be brought into and out of engagement with a timing spring (37) whereby one release; contact (6) is placed in resp. out of function. 7. Sonar device as stated in claims 4-6, characterized in that a coupling drum (21) is fixed on the shaft (8) for the cam disc (5) on which contact elements are arranged in the form of metal strips running parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum (22), that the metal strips are gathered in groups and that they do not overlap each other seen in the direction of the coupling drum's axis of rotation. 8. Sonar device as specified in claims 4-7, characterized in that three pairs of contact springs (23-25) can come into contact with the contact elements (22) under which, in the event of contact between two springs in a pair, a current circuit is closed . 9. Sonar device as stated in claim 8, characterized in that the springs in the pairs of contact springs are displaceably arranged in relation to each other in the longitudinal direction. 10. Sonar device as specified in claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the contact spring pairs (23-25) are arranged on a slide that can be moved parallel to the axis of rotation of the coupling drum (21) and which can be adjusted step by step by means of a step switch mechanism (27). 11. Sonar apparatus as specified in claims 4-10, characterized in that an interrupter contact (27') is arranged which is affected by the step switching mechanism when the zero echo is applied to the writing strip. 12. Sonar device as specified in claims 7-10, characterized in that several metal strips (22) are arranged one after the other in the direction of rotation of the coupling drum and in sequence causes the contact spring pairs to close and that the contact spring pairs belong to the writing device's current circuit, so that upon closing of one of the contacts is recorded on the writing paper using the writing device. 13. Sonar device as stated in claims 7-11, characterized in that a worm screw (28) is placed on the shaft (8) for the coupling drum (21) by means of which a cam (30) is influenced which in turn ends, respectively opens a contact (29) whereby the recording of registration marks caused by the clutch drum (21) and contact springs (23-25) is periodically interrupted. 14. Sonar device as specified in claims 4-13, characterized in that the drive (31) which is in engagement with the toothed rack which serves for axial displacement of the worm screw (10), the step coupling mechanism and the setting wheel (40) [ for the film scale (3) is arranged jointly on the setting shaft (32). 15. Sonar device as stated in claims 4-14, characterized in that the setting shaft (32) extends through a hollow shaft (33) on which a drive (34) is placed which engages with a toothed rod (35) and that the rack (35) is connected to the other worm screw (15) so that it cannot be axially displaced in relation to the worm screw, but that the worm screw can rotate in relation to the rack. 16. Sonar apparatus as specified in claims 1-3, characterized in that there is a double-sided planetary gear between the triggering device for sending out the sound pulses and for triggering the time base for a cathode ray oscillograph and the recording device's drive device, that this planetary gear has a gear ratio of 2:1, that the essential constituent part of the planetary gearbox is a sun gear (48) which is equipped with two identical internal gear rings (49 and 50), that a planet gear (51) engages with the one internal gear ring (49 ), while another planet wheel (52) engages with the other internal ring gear (50), that one planet wheel (51) is rotatably arranged on a disc (53) which is provided with a cam (60) for influencing the scanning contacts (61 and 62) for triggering the cathode ray tube's time base, that the second planet wheel (52) is rotatably arranged on another disc (54), on which a cam (63) is arranged for influencing the triggering contacts (64, 65) for release of the sound pulses, that furthermore one planet wheel (51) engages with a fixed, cylindrical gear (58), and that the other planet gear (52) engages with another, analogously designed, fixed cylindrical gear (59), and that one gear (58) can be pre-adjusted in relation to one cam disk (53) and the other gear (59) in relation to the other cam disk (54) by means of a manually influenced setting part. 17. Sonar device as specified in claim 15, characterized in that one cam disc (53) is rotatably arranged on the shaft (56) for one gear (58) and the other cam disc (54) is rotatably arranged on the shaft (57) for the second gear (59).