NO126870B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO126870B NO126870B NO00159400A NO15940065A NO126870B NO 126870 B NO126870 B NO 126870B NO 00159400 A NO00159400 A NO 00159400A NO 15940065 A NO15940065 A NO 15940065A NO 126870 B NO126870 B NO 126870B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- elastomer
- rope
- cord
- antifouling
- core
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000237536 Mytilus edulis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000020638 mussel Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007903 penetration ability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/20—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0058—Biocides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0673—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration
- D07B1/068—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration characterised by the strand design
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0693—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a strand configuration
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
- D07B1/162—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B5/00—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form
- D07B5/007—Making ropes or cables from special materials or of particular form comprising postformed and thereby radially plastically deformed elements
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/06—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core
- D07B1/0673—Ropes or cables built-up from metal wires, e.g. of section wires around a hemp core having a rope configuration
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
- D07B2201/1028—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands
- D07B2201/1036—Rope or cable structures characterised by the number of strands nine or more strands respectively forming multiple layers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2019—Strands pressed to shape
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2024—Strands twisted
- D07B2201/2027—Compact winding
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2042—Strands characterised by a coating
- D07B2201/2044—Strands characterised by a coating comprising polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
- D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
- D07B2201/2015—Strands
- D07B2201/2042—Strands characterised by a coating
- D07B2201/2045—Strands characterised by a coating comprising multiple layers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2401/00—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage
- D07B2401/20—Aspects related to the problem to be solved or advantage related to ropes or cables
- D07B2401/202—Environmental resistance
- D07B2401/2025—Environmental resistance avoiding corrosion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/905—Odor releasing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/907—Resistant against plant or animal attack
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
- Y10T428/2942—Plural coatings
- Y10T428/2949—Glass, ceramic or metal oxide in coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2967—Synthetic resin or polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
Description
Fremgangsmåte til å gjøre et tau, en kordel eller en Procedure for making a rope, a cord or a
kjerne motstandsdyktig mot begroning i marint miljø. core resistant to fouling in the marine environment.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår grohindrende belegning The present invention relates to an antifouling coating
av stålkordeler, -tau og -kjerner som kan ha hvilken som helst dia-meter og oppbygning, og som til stadighet eller med mellomrom befinner seg i et marint miljø som er egnet til å forårsake en fremadskridende begroning med fauna eller flora. of steel cords, ropes and cores which may have any diameter and structure, and which are permanently or intermittently in a marine environment suitable to cause a progressive fouling of fauna or flora.
En slik begroning og de uheldige forhold den medfører, blir når det gjelder skipsskrog og undervannskonstruksjoner ved anlegg uten-for kysten, i alminnelighet søkt forebygget ved hjelp av langsomt-virkende gifter i form av en dispersjon i en flytende eller halvt-flytende bærer som kan påføres på samme måte som en maling. Den nevnte behandling er effektiv, men anvendt på kordeler, tau eller kjerner av stål lider den av følgende mangler: 1. Virkningen er meget god til å begynne med, men holder seg ikke konstant og går forholdsvis hurtig tapt. Tau og lignende er integrerende vitale deler av undervannsinnstalla- sjoner, og det kreves ofte at de skal forbli på plass- i mange år med lite eller intet tilsyn, så denne mangel blir In the case of ship hulls and underwater structures at off-shore facilities, such fouling and the unfortunate conditions it entails are generally sought to be prevented by means of slow-acting poisons in the form of a dispersion in a liquid or semi-liquid carrier that can applied in the same way as a paint. The aforementioned treatment is effective, but applied to cord parts, ropes or steel cores it suffers from the following shortcomings: 1. The effect is very good at first, but does not last constantly and is lost relatively quickly. Ropes and the like are integral and vital parts of underwater installations tions, and they are often required to remain in place for many years with little or no supervision, so this deficiency becomes
meget alvorlig. very serious.
2. Eksisterende grohindrende belegg til formålet er fysikalsk beslektet med malingshinner og er ikke motstandsdyktige mot slitasje eller kraftig bøyning, ting som er vesentlige når 2. Existing antifouling coatings for the purpose are physically related to paint films and are not resistant to abrasion or strong bending, things that are essential when
det gjelder tau under håndtering og bruk. it applies to ropes during handling and use.
3. Mange alminnelig anvendte grohindrende blandinger inneholder metalloksyder som ville ha en ødeleggende elektro-galvanisk virkning hvis man tillot dem å komme i direkte kontakt med 3. Many commonly used antifouling compounds contain metal oxides which would have a destructive electro-galvanic effect if allowed to come into direct contact with
stål i marint miljø. steel in a marine environment.
4. Por de fleste grohindrende blandinger gjelder at overflaten som skal beskyttes, må neddykkes innen meget'kort tid etter påføringen foråt bærermediet skal hindres i å tørke ut og herdne, da der ellers ville inntre innkapsling av de reaktive 4. For most antifouling compounds, the surface to be protected must be submerged within a very short time after application, in order to prevent the carrier medium from drying out and hardening, otherwise encapsulation of the reactive substances would occur
partikler. particles.
5. Vanlig anvendte grohindrende materialer påføres som overflate-hinner med liten eller ingen inntrengningsévne, og hvis en del av det beskyttende areal blir slitt, kan angrep på de 5. Commonly used antifouling materials are applied as surface films with little or no penetration ability, and if part of the protective area is worn, attacks on the
ubeskyttede underliggende lag skride frem uhindret. unprotected underlying layers advance unimpeded.
6. Maling og lignende hinner er gjennomtrengelige når de er varig neddyppet. 6. Paint and similar films are permeable when permanently immersed.
Fra britisk patentskrift nr. 9^6.324 er det kjent å belegge metallflater med et elastomert materiale, nærmere bestemt en etylen-polymer eller copolymer inneholdende forskjellige former for pulver. Blant mulige anvendelser for belegget nevnes anti-groning og belegning av ståltråd, foruten at der også nevnes innblanding av sinkpulver. Imidlertid omtales ikke direkte noen anvendelse som grohindrende middel på ståltau, ennsi slike i marint miljø. Som hovedgrunn til å anvende de blandinger som der gis anvisning på, anfører patentskriftet deres gode bindingsevner til metaller. From British patent document No. 96,324 it is known to coat metal surfaces with an elastomeric material, more specifically an ethylene polymer or copolymer containing different forms of powder. Possible uses for the coating include anti-fouling and coating of steel wire, besides the fact that the mixing of zinc powder is also mentioned. However, there is no direct mention of any use as an antifouling agent on steel ropes, let alone such in a marine environment. As the main reason for using the mixtures for which instructions are given, the patent document cites their good bonding abilities to metals.
Dersom blandingen ifølge det ovenstående skulle anvendes If the mixture according to the above should be used
som et grohindrende belegg i marint miljø og i den forbinde lse med innblandet sink, ville man måtte påføre blandingen direkte på'metallet. Følgen ville da være at sinken hvis den ble anvendt i blanding med andre elementær-metaller og deres forbindelser, ville forårsake kraftig elektrolytisk angrep på stålet som skulle beskyttes. Blandingen med sinkpulver alene ville heller ikke egne seg til det foreliggende formål, da slike marine organismer som kan forårsake begroning, lett kan utvikle as an antifouling coating in a marine environment and in conjunction with mixed zinc, one would have to apply the mixture directly to the metal. The consequence would then be that the zinc, if used in a mixture with other elemental metals and their compounds, would cause severe electrolytic attack on the steel that was to be protected. The mixture with zinc powder alone would also not be suitable for the present purpose, as such marine organisms which can cause fouling can easily develop
resistens, slik at dér for en varig beskyttelse trenges en blanding av flere metaller som vil bryte den metaboliske likevekt og hindre de marine organismer i å bli akklimatisert. resistance, so that for lasting protection a mixture of several metals is needed which will break the metabolic equilibrium and prevent the marine organisms from becoming acclimatised.
Til grunn for oppfinnelsen ligger den oppgave å gjøre det mulig på betryggende måte til å gjøre et tau, en kordel eller en kjerne av stål'motstandsdyktig mot begroning i marint miljø ved på-føring av et dertil egnet belegg. Til formålet benyttes et belegg bestående av en elastomer inneholdende dispergerte fine partikler av grohindrende materiale, som utgjøres av en blanding av forskjellige metaller i elementær og/eller bunden form og er istand til suksessivt å oppløses av det omgivende vann og derved tillate dette å trenge inn i elastomeren, og en løsning av den stillede oppgave oppnås i den forbindelse i første rekke ved at dette belegg påføres ved ekstrudering utenpå en kappe som danner en igjennomtrengelig barriere til å beskytte tauet, kordelen eller kjernen mot inntrengende vann eller annet korroderende fluidum og mot galvanisk virkning fra det dispergerte materiale . The invention is based on the task of making it possible in a satisfactory manner to make a rope, a cord or a steel core resistant to fouling in the marine environment by applying a suitable coating. For this purpose, a coating consisting of an elastomer containing dispersed fine particles of antifouling material is used, which is made up of a mixture of different metals in elemental and/or bound form and is capable of being successively dissolved by the surrounding water and thereby allowing it to penetrate in the elastomer, and a solution to the stated task is achieved in that connection in the first place by this coating being applied by extrusion on the outside of a sheath which forms a permeable barrier to protect the rope, the cord part or the core against penetrating water or other corrosive fluid and against galvanic effect from the dispersed material.
Et annet karakteristisk trekk ved oppfinnelsen er at der Another characteristic feature of the invention is that there
som beskyttende kappe benyttes en elastomer som påføres ved ekstrudering. an elastomer is used as a protective cover, which is applied by extrusion.
Elastomeren med det grohindrende materiale blir altså ekstrudert over tauet, kordelen eller kjernen etter at dette på forhånd The elastomer with the antifouling material is thus extruded over the rope, cord part or core after this has been
er belagt med et ekstrudert lag av en elastomer til å danne korrosjons-beskyttelse ,5 så tauet, kordelen eller kjernen blir innkledd i en dobbelt plastkappe hvor den indre plastkappe skaffer motstand mot inntrengning av vann og andre korrocteJende medier, mens den utvendige kappe av den samme eller æn annen plast-type og inneholdende de giftige reagenser vil danne den ytre barriere mot begroning. is coated with an extruded layer of an elastomer to form corrosion protection,5 so the rope, cord or core is encased in a double plastic jacket where the inner plastic jacket provides resistance to the ingress of water and other corrosive media, while the outer jacket of the the same or another type of plastic and containing the toxic reagents will form the outer barrier against fouling.
Man har funnet at det ofte er nyttig å bruke sammensatte elastomere. F.eks. gir en blanding i forholdet 60 : 40 vektdeler av polypropylen og polyeten seighet og bedret slitestyrke, mens en blanding i forholdet 60 : Ho vektdeler av polyvinylklorid og polyeten gir bedrede eketrtaderingsegenskaper og krever en lavere ekstruderings-temperatur etter tilblanding av det grohindrende materiale. It has been found that it is often useful to use composite elastomers. E.g. gives a mixture in the ratio of 60:40 parts by weight of polypropylene and polyethylene toughness and improved wear resistance, while a mixture in the ratio of 60:Ho parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene gives improved eketratada properties and requires a lower extrusion temperature after mixing the antifouling material.
I praksis vil man fra først av ommantle de enkelte stålkordeler med en ugjennomtrengelig elastomer med lav elektrisk lednings-evne for å beskytte den omgitte stålkordel fullstendig mot enhver elektrokjemisk virkning som kunne forårsakes av det grohindrende materiale. Et ekempel på en slik elastomer er polyeten med høy tetthet . In practice, from the outset, the individual steel cord parts will be sheathed with an impermeable elastomer with low electrical conductivity in order to protect the surrounded steel cord completely against any electrochemical effect that could be caused by the antifouling material. An example of such an elastomer is high-density polyethylene.
Partiklene av det grohindrende materiale kan dispergeres i elastomeren ved anvendelse av en tromle-teknikk hvor middelet i pulver-form blandes intimt med granuler av elastomeren. Et drøye- eller mykningsmiddel kan tromles sammen med granulene før det grohindrende materiale tilsettes. Eller også kan drøye- eller mykningsmiddelet ' blandes intimt med det grohindrende materiale før dette tromles sammen med granulene av elastomer. The particles of the antifouling material can be dispersed in the elastomer using a drum technique where the agent in powder form is intimately mixed with granules of the elastomer. A softening or softening agent can be drummed together with the granules before the antifouling material is added. Alternatively, the softening or softening agent can be mixed intimately with the antifouling material before this is drummed together with the granules of elastomer.
Granulene som tromles, kan man varme opp for å myke opp overflaten og sette partiklene istand til å hefte. The granules that are tumbled can be heated to soften the surface and prepare the particles to bond.
Det forlangte grohindrende materiale blir først veiet opp The required antifouling material is first weighed
i de ønskede mengdeforhold. Midlene er stort sett enten selve metallene, oksydene av, eller organo-metalliske forbindelser av kobber, tinn, bly, kvikksølv, beryllium, barium, sink o.s.v. in the desired quantity ratios. The agents are mostly either the metals themselves, the oxides of, or organo-metallic compounds of copper, tin, lead, mercury, beryllium, barium, zinc, etc.
Mengdeforholdene av de respektive reagenser varieres for å passe til de spesielle miljøer eller tilstander de skal bekjempe. De valgte reagenser blir så blandet intimt, og mellom 5 og 60 vektprosent av blandingen settes til de valgte elastomere. The proportions of the respective reagents are varied to suit the particular environments or conditions they are to combat. The selected reagents are then mixed intimately, and between 5 and 60 percent by weight of the mixture is added to the selected elastomers.
Før tilsetningen av det grohindrende materiale til den valgte elastomer, f.eks. polyvinylklorid, polyeten, polypropylen, nylon, polyvinylacetat o.s.v., blir en passende mengde av elastomergranulene anbragt i en roterende trommel eller tromlemaskin og jevnt belagt med en tynn hinne av mykningsmiddel, f.eks. dioktylftalat eller et annet egnet reagens. Before the addition of the antifouling material to the chosen elastomer, e.g. polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyvinyl acetate, etc., an appropriate amount of the elastomer granules are placed in a rotating drum or drum machine and evenly coated with a thin film of plasticizer, e.g. dioctyl phthalate or another suitable reagent.
Den forlangte charge av grohindrende materiale blir så tilsatt og blandeoperasjonen fortsatt inntil det grohindrende materiale er blitt jevnt fordelt over overflaten av elastomergranulene, så en fullstendig homogenitet er sikret under den påfølgende ekstrudering. Dette er viktig fordi den høye spesifikke vekt av det grohindrende materiale ellers ville føre til at de ble skilt fra elastomergranulene, noe som ville influere ikke bare på selve det ekstruderte belegg, men også på det effektive arbeide av selve ekstruderingsapparatet. The required charge of antifouling material is then added and the mixing operation continued until the antifouling material has been evenly distributed over the surface of the elastomer granules, so complete homogeneity is ensured during the subsequent extrusion. This is important because the high specific gravity of the antifouling material would otherwise cause them to separate from the elastomer granules, which would influence not only the extruded coating itself, but also the effective operation of the extrusion apparatus itself.
En annen mulighet består i å dispergere blandingen av grohindrende materiale i en egnet mengde mykningsmiddel eller drøye-middel og sette det hele til den foretrukne elastomer samt sluttelig tromle inntil der er oppnåd en jevn blanding. Another possibility consists in dispersing the mixture of antifouling material in a suitable amount of plasticizer or softening agent and adding the whole to the preferred elastomer and finally drumming until a uniform mixture is obtained.
Man kan også sette det valgte grohindrende materiale til You can also add the selected anti-fouling material
den forlangte vektmengde elastomer i en roterende trommel, og, mens blandeoperasjonen skrider frem, varme opp beholderen til en temperatur meget nær nykningspunktet for den valgte elastomer for dermed å sette en jevn dispersjon av de giftige agenser istand til å hefte fast til overflaten av plastgranulene og å forebygge tyngdekraftseparering the required weight of elastomer in a rotating drum and, as the mixing operation progresses, heat the container to a temperature very close to the yield point of the selected elastomer so as to enable a uniform dispersion of the toxic agents to adhere to the surface of the plastic granules and to prevent gravity separation
under tilførselen til ekstruderingsapparatets mateskrue. during the feed to the extruder feed screw.
Ved denne sistnevnte blandemåte vil det i visse spesielle tilfeller bli funnet ønskelig å vedlikeholde en inert gassatmosfære i en lukket trommel mens blandeoperasjonen pågår, for å forhindre enhver reaksjon ved de anvendte forhøyede temperaturer. In this latter method of mixing it will in certain special cases be found desirable to maintain an inert gas atmosphere in a closed drum while the mixing operation is in progress, in order to prevent any reaction at the elevated temperatures used.
Tegningen viser en del eksempler på utførelser av kordeler og tau ommantlet i overensstemmelse med oppfinnelsen. Det vil forstås at disse utførelser, bare er anført som eksempler og ikke skal betegne noen begrensning. The drawing shows a number of examples of designs of cord parts and rope sheathed in accordance with the invention. It will be understood that these embodiments are only listed as examples and should not denote any limitation.
Fig. 1 viser en enkel handelsmessig kordel-utførelse med seks tråder 11 som er snodd skrueformet over en sentral kjerne 12 Fig. 1 shows a simple commercial cord design with six threads 11 which are twisted helically over a central core 12
og deretter omkledd med en kappe 13 i en ugjennomtrengelig elastomer, f.eks. polyeten av høy tetthet. and then covered with a jacket 13 in an impermeable elastomer, e.g. high density polyethylene.
En ytterligere mantel 14 av gjennomtrengelig elastomer som inneholder en dispersjon av det utvalgte grohindrende materiale, er så påført for å danne det sluttelige ytre dekke. Fig. 2 viser et tau slått med seks kordeler som har en ut-førelse som vist på fig. 1 og er behandlet på samme måte. Tauet innbefatter også en kjernestreng 16 som er behandlet på lignende måte. Fig. 3 viser et tau av utførelse 9/9/1 med innerkappen 13 og den ytre mantel 14 av gj:ennomtrengelig elastomer med en dispersjon av grohindrende materiale. Fig. 4 viser et tau av utførelse 12/6/1 med innlagte fyll-tråder 17 og med dobbelt kappe 13, 14. Fig. 5 viser et tau i likhet med det som er vist på fig. 2, når unntas at kjernestrengen 16 er erstattet med en metalltaukjerne 18 hvor hver kordel har en indre kappe 19 i likhet med kappen 13 og hele kjernen dessuten har en annen kappe 20 i likhet med mahtélenllU. Fig. 6 viser enda en modifikasjon av tauet på fig. 2, hvor kjernen er dannet av et tau 21 med tre kordeler av syntetisk eller naturlig fiber samt med en utvendig kappe 22 av elastomer med dispergert grohindrende materiale. Fig. 7 til 9 viser forskjellige utførelser av kordeler som etter slagningen er presset sammen for fjernelse av tomrom. I begge tilfeller er kappene 13 og 14 påført etter tur etter sammenpresningen. Fig. 7 viser en kordel av typen 6/1, fig. 8 en kordel av typen 9/9/1 og fig. 9 en kordel av typen 12/6/1. Fig. 10 viser et tau laget av seks kordeler av utførelsen på fig. 8 snodd rundt"en kjerne av samme utførelse. A further jacket 14 of permeable elastomer containing a dispersion of the selected antifouling material is then applied to form the final outer cover. Fig. 2 shows a rope made with six cord parts which has a design as shown in fig. 1 and is treated in the same way. The rope also includes a core strand 16 which is similarly treated. Fig. 3 shows a rope of version 9/9/1 with the inner sheath 13 and the outer sheath 14 of impermeable elastomer with a dispersion of antifouling material. Fig. 4 shows a rope of design 12/6/1 with inserted filling threads 17 and with a double sheath 13, 14. Fig. 5 shows a rope similar to that shown in fig. 2, except that the core string 16 is replaced with a metal rope core 18 where each cord part has an inner sheath 19 similar to the sheath 13 and the entire core also has another sheath 20 similar to the mahtélenllU. Fig. 6 shows yet another modification of the rope in fig. 2, where the core is formed by a rope 21 with three cord parts of synthetic or natural fiber and with an external sheath 22 of elastomer with dispersed antifouling material. Fig. 7 to 9 show different designs of cord parts which, after beating, are pressed together to remove voids. In both cases, the jackets 13 and 14 are applied in turn after the compression. Fig. 7 shows a cord part of type 6/1, fig. 8 a cord part of the type 9/9/1 and fig. 9 a cord part of the type 12/6/1. Fig. 10 shows a rope made of six cord parts of the embodiment in fig. 8 twisted around a core of the same design.
Den spesielle type grohindrende materiale som dispergeres The special type of antifouling material that is dispersed
i en spesiell elastomer eller blanding av elastomere, avhenger i høy grad av forholdene med. hensyn'til miljø, men er i første rekke basert på anvendelsen av blandinger av metaller, deres oksyder eller organo-metalliske forbindelser av metallene. in a particular elastomer or mixture of elastomers, depends to a large extent on the conditions with. environmental considerations, but is primarily based on the use of mixtures of metals, their oxides or organo-metallic compounds of the metals.
Typiske eksempler på de metaller som vanligvis anvendes som sådanne eller som oksyder, er kobber, tinn, sink, beryllium, bly, barium og kvikksølv, mens tributyloksyder av tinn kan anføres som eksempel på en organo-metallisk forbindelse. Typical examples of the metals that are usually used as such or as oxides are copper, tin, zinc, beryllium, lead, barium and mercury, while tributyl oxides of tin can be cited as an example of an organo-metallic compound.
Den følgende oppskrift har gitt tilfredsstillende resultater ved temperert havvannsmiljø: 'Etter dispersjon i polyvinylklorid etterfulgt av"ekstrudering• var sammensetningen av det endelige belegg: The following recipe has given satisfactory results in a temperate seawater environment: 'After dispersion in polyvinyl chloride followed by "extrusion" the composition of the final coating was:
Prosentmengden av oksydene i blandingen kan varieres for å passe til forskjellige betingelser med hensyn.til miljø, og det samme gjelder forholdet mellom samlet andel av oksyder og elastomer. The percentage of the oxides in the mixture can be varied to suit different conditions with respect to the environment, and the same applies to the ratio between the total proportion of oxides and elastomer.
Den angitte spesielle oppskrift har vist seg effektiv mot klistring av slammer og begroning med tang, andeskjell og muslinger. The specified special recipe has proven effective against sludge sticking and fouling with seaweed, duck scales and mussels.
De forlangte vektmengder.av det valgte grohindrende materiale blir først blandet intimt sammen vied vilkårlige midler, f.eks. i kule-mølle. The required amounts by weight of the selected antifouling material are first intimately mixed together by arbitrary means, e.g. in a ball mill.
Reagensene blir så dispergert i. elastomeren på vilkårlig egnet måte. Typiske, eksempler er som følger: a) 15 deler av det grohindrende materiale blandet i mølle settes til 85 deler av den valgte elastomer og blandes intimt ved tromling i ca. 30 minutter med 100 - 120 omdreininger pr. minutt. The reagents are then dispersed in the elastomer in any suitable manner. Typical examples are as follows: a) 15 parts of the antifouling material mixed in a mill are added to 85 parts of the selected elastomer and mixed intimately by drumming for approx. 30 minutes with 100 - 120 revolutions per minute.
b) De forlangte mengder av grohindrende. materiale behandles tørt i mølle i f.eks. 30 minutter med 100 - 120 omdreininger b) The requested amounts of anti-fouling. material is processed dry in a mill in e.g. 30 minutes with 100 - 120 revolutions
pr. minutt, og 5 vektdeler av et drøye- eller mykningsmiddel f.eks. dioktylftalat, blir tilsatt og blandeoperasjonen fort- per minute, and 5 parts by weight of a softening or softening agent, e.g. dioctyl phthalate, is added and the mixing operation continues
satt i ytterligere 30 minutter. set for another 30 minutes.
Tilblandingen av forhåndsblandet materiale- til den forlangte mengde og art av elastomer blir så utført på samme måte som anført under a). The addition of pre-mixed material to the required amount and type of elastomer is then carried out in the same way as stated under a).
c) Som alternativ-kan den forlangte mengde mykingsmiddel tromles sammen med den riktige mengde av elastomer for å skaffe en c) Alternatively, the required amount of plasticizer can be drummed together with the appropriate amount of elastomer to obtain a
klebrig overflate på elastomer-granulene. Det forhåndsbe-handlede grohindrende materiale blir så siktet ned i massen og tromlingen fortsatt til et tidspunkt da det grohindrende materiale er jevnt spredt over granulene. sticky surface on the elastomer granules. The pre-treated antifouling material is then sifted down into the mass and the drumming continued until a time when the antifouling material is evenly spread over the granules.
d) Et alternativ til eksemplene b) og c) består i å bruke en roterende trommel opphetet til en temperatur som ligger i d) An alternative to examples b) and c) consists in using a rotating drum heated to a temperature that lies in
området for, men litt under mykningspunktet for den anvendte elastomer, f.eks. 60 - 80° C for polyvinylklorid, for å opp-nå dypere inntrengning og bedre vedheftning av det grohindrende materiale til overflaten av elastomer-granulene. e) Enda en modifikasjon kan bestå i å bruke elastomere som er tilbøyelige til å undergå partiell dekomposisjon når de opp-hetes til sitt mykningspunkt under atmosfæriske forhold. I slike tilfeller vil det være nødvendig å anvende en fullstendig lukket trommel som under driften apyles med en inert gass, f.eks. kullsyre eller nitrogen. Denne modifikasjon er anvendelig for eksempel d). the area for, but slightly below the softening point of the elastomer used, e.g. 60 - 80° C for polyvinyl chloride, to achieve deeper penetration and better adhesion of the antifouling material to the surface of the elastomer granules. e) Yet another modification may consist in using elastomers which are prone to undergo partial decomposition when heated to their softening point under atmospheric conditions. In such cases, it will be necessary to use a completely closed drum which during operation is apyled with an inert gas, e.g. carbonic acid or nitrogen. This modification is applicable for example d).
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB3403964A GB1116923A (en) | 1964-08-20 | 1964-08-20 | Improvements in or relating to ropes, strands and cores |
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NO126870B true NO126870B (en) | 1973-04-02 |
Family
ID=10360601
Family Applications (1)
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NO00159400A NO126870B (en) | 1964-08-20 | 1965-08-19 |
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BE (1) | BE668492A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1116923A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6510811A (en) |
NO (1) | NO126870B (en) |
Cited By (1)
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DK153764B (en) * | 1977-09-17 | 1988-08-29 | Saar Gmbh Drahtseilwerk | Wire rope |
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DE1955873A1 (en) * | 1969-11-06 | 1971-06-09 | Kabel Metallwerke Ghh | Tow rope for sea measuring cable |
US3646748A (en) * | 1970-03-24 | 1972-03-07 | Frederic A Lang | Tendons for prestressed concrete and process for making such tendons |
US3988884A (en) * | 1974-10-10 | 1976-11-02 | Shigeharu Kikugawa | Method of making a wire rope |
GB2023683B (en) * | 1977-10-05 | 1982-05-06 | Cable Belt Ltd | Ropes |
US4169186A (en) * | 1978-04-17 | 1979-09-25 | Asahi-Dow Limited | Molding material structure |
US5015372A (en) * | 1990-02-07 | 1991-05-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Toxin containing perforated antifouling polymer nozzle grommet |
US5213644A (en) * | 1991-03-20 | 1993-05-25 | Southwire Company | Method of and apparatus for producing moisture block stranded conductor |
JPH0823052B2 (en) * | 1991-04-16 | 1996-03-06 | 日本碍子株式会社 | Antifouling structure and antifouling method |
US5456201A (en) * | 1992-01-16 | 1995-10-10 | Bobst; Glen L. | Air bubble lubricated boat hull |
US6401871B2 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 2002-06-11 | Otis Elevator Company | Tension member for an elevator |
DE69929587T3 (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 2015-03-19 | Otis Elevator Co. | elevator system |
US7874404B1 (en) | 1998-09-29 | 2011-01-25 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator system having drive motor located between elevator car and hoistway sidewall |
US6142104A (en) * | 1998-04-20 | 2000-11-07 | Equibrand Corporation | Lariat rope body |
IL132299A (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2003-10-31 | Inventio Ag | Stranded synthetic fiber rope |
SG78407A1 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2001-02-20 | Inventio Ag | Sheathed synthetic fiber rope |
US7137483B2 (en) * | 2000-03-15 | 2006-11-21 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Rope and elevator using the same |
JP2004528488A (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2004-09-16 | ナムローゼ・フェンノートシャップ・ベーカート・ソシエテ・アノニム | Structure composed of metal ropes and metal ropes |
DE102004061385B4 (en) * | 2004-12-21 | 2007-11-29 | W.H. Küster GmbH & Co KG | Pulling rope with plastic filling and plastic outer sheath |
FR2909107B1 (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2010-01-01 | Herve Gidon | CABLE SHEATH. |
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WO2012087315A1 (en) * | 2010-12-22 | 2012-06-28 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator system belt |
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DE102019117471A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-31 | Rwe Renewables Gmbh | Maritime rope structure as well as a wind turbine with a maritime rope structure |
CN110685046B (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2022-04-22 | 浙江海洋大学 | Anti-fouling and anti-fatigue multi-strand monofilament mixed-twisted net wire and preparation method thereof |
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US2666755A (en) * | 1948-03-05 | 1954-01-19 | Gen Tire & Rubber Co | Vulcanizable composition |
US2509894A (en) * | 1948-03-22 | 1950-05-30 | Ind Metal Protectives Inc | Wire rope and process of manufacturing same |
GB789163A (en) * | 1953-05-05 | 1958-01-15 | British Ropes Ltd | Improvements in or relating to ropes, rope splices, rope strands or rope cores |
US2856750A (en) * | 1955-06-02 | 1958-10-21 | American Viscose Corp | Vinyl resin impregnated rayon cordage |
US2894366A (en) * | 1958-04-07 | 1959-07-14 | Leckie Claude Perrin | Lead lines for fish nets |
US3096183A (en) * | 1959-03-12 | 1963-07-02 | Bayer Ag | Bacteria-resistant plastic materials |
US3154460A (en) * | 1960-02-29 | 1964-10-27 | William R Graner | Anti-fouling coating |
US3064414A (en) * | 1960-03-14 | 1962-11-20 | Akira Usni | Method of producing wirecord for heavy-duty rubber products |
GB998266A (en) * | 1961-05-05 | 1965-07-14 | Alfred Dietz | Improvements in stranded spiral ropes |
US3137990A (en) * | 1961-09-29 | 1964-06-23 | William L Carranza | Baling twine |
NL293592A (en) * | 1962-06-06 | |||
US3296000A (en) * | 1966-04-06 | 1967-01-03 | Fmc Corp | Shaped regenerated cellulose products having bacteriostatic properties |
-
1964
- 1964-08-20 GB GB3403964A patent/GB1116923A/en not_active Expired
-
1965
- 1965-08-09 US US47806365 patent/US3395530A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1965-08-18 NL NL6510811A patent/NL6510811A/xx unknown
- 1965-08-19 NO NO00159400A patent/NO126870B/no unknown
- 1965-08-19 BE BE668492D patent/BE668492A/xx unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DK153764B (en) * | 1977-09-17 | 1988-08-29 | Saar Gmbh Drahtseilwerk | Wire rope |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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NL6510811A (en) | 1966-02-21 |
BE668492A (en) | 1965-12-16 |
US3395530A (en) | 1968-08-06 |
GB1116923A (en) | 1968-06-12 |
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