NO126628B

NO126628B -

Info

Publication number: NO126628B
Application number: NO280271A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Ragnar Nokleby
Original assignee: Ardal Og Sunndal Verk
Priority date: 1971-07-22
Filing date: 1971-07-22
Publication date: 1973-03-05
Also published as: CA965223A; GB1375476A; FR2146505B3; IS2090A7; AU4472472A; JPS49107958A; IT961645B; BR7204898D0; DE2236030A1; NL7210074A; FR2146505A1

Description

Laste- og losseanordning for lastebiler. Loading and unloading device for trucks.

Denne oppfinnelse vedrører sådanne laste- og losse-anordninger for lastebil med en lagret svingbro som fra sin bakre ende med støtte mot bilchassiet kan svinges i bilens lengderetning, et løst til marken nedsenkbart lasteplan, som ved en vinsj anbragt på bilen og to derfra utgående kabler løpende på hver side av chassiet og fastgjort til lasteplanet trekkes opp på svingbroen i lastet tilstand for transport, og etter utført transport sammen med las-ten nedsenkes på marken, og en vippeanordning, som løfter den nedsenkbare svingbro sammen med lasteplanet i sådan stilling at lasteplanet når man lar vinsjens kabler løpe ut, senker seg til marken fra svingbroen ved sin egen tyngde. This invention relates to such loading and unloading devices for lorries with a stored swing bridge which can be swung from its rear end with support against the car chassis in the longitudinal direction of the car, a loading platform that can be lowered loosely to the ground, which by means of a winch placed on the car and two outgoing cables running on each side of the chassis and attached to the loading platform is pulled up onto the swing bridge in a loaded state for transport, and after completed transport together with the load is lowered to the ground, and a tilting device, which lifts the submersible swing bridge together with the loading platform into such a position that the loading platform when you let the winch's cables run out, it lowers to the ground from the swing bridge under its own weight.

Oppfinnelsen tilsikter nærmest ved laste- og losseanordninger, som arbeider etter det forannevnte konstruksjonsprin-sipp, å få vinsjens kabler til å arbeide uklanderlig såvel mens lasteplanet løftes som mens det senkes og samtidig også å gjøre selve lasteplanet lettere å manøvrere og forflytte enn tidligere. The invention aims mostly for loading and unloading devices, which work according to the aforementioned construction principle, to make the winch's cables work flawlessly both while the cargo plane is being lifted and while it is being lowered and at the same time also to make the cargo plane itself easier to maneuver and move than before.

Det som er mest karakteristisk for oppfinnelsen er at vinsjen er fastgjort ved sving-broen, hensiktsmessig i dens fremre del. What is most characteristic of the invention is that the winch is attached to the swing bridge, preferably in its front part.

Andre for oppfinnelsen karakteristiske trekk fremgår av den utførelsesform som er vist på tegningene i forbindelsene med beskrivelsen. Other characteristic features of the invention can be seen from the embodiment shown in the drawings in connection with the description.

,Fig. 1 viser i oppriss laste — og lossean-ordningen med lasteplan, og med sving-broen oppløftet. Visse deler er for tydelig-hets skyld utelatt på figurene. Fig. 2 viser lasteplanets understell sett i profil, fig. 3 , Fig. 1 shows in elevation the loading and unloading arrangement with the loading plane, and with the swing bridge raised. Certain parts have been omitted from the figures for the sake of clarity. Fig. 2 shows the undercarriage of the cargo plane seen in profile, fig. 3

samme sett ovenfra og fig. 4 gavlenden av understellet etter at lasteplanet er trukket opp på svingbroen. Fig. 5—7 viser lasteplanets langsgående bunnbjelkers konstruksjon sett i profil, forfra og ovenfra i større målestokk enn de foran nevnte figurer. Fig. 8 viser kurvepartiet for lasteplanets bunnbjeiker og de ved svingbroens bakre del lagrede styrerullers innbyrdes funksjon. Fig. 9 og 10 viser lasteplanets låseanordning, den første for låsning av planets bakre del, den siste for den forreste del. Fig. 11 viser en låsningsanord-ning som atskiller seg noe fra fig. 9. Fig. 12—14 viser vinsjens kabelspill, idet fig. 12 viser spillet med derpå oppviklet kabel sett mot tromlen, fig. 13 en detalj av den foregående ved spilltromlens ytterflate og fig. 14 et enderiss av spillet i mindre målestokk enn de andre figurer. same seen from above and fig. 4 the gable end of the undercarriage after the loading platform has been pulled up onto the swing bridge. Figs 5-7 show the construction of the loading platform's longitudinal bottom beams seen in profile, from the front and from above on a larger scale than the previously mentioned figures. Fig. 8 shows the curve section for the loading platform's bottom beams and the mutual function of the guide rollers stored at the rear part of the swing bridge. Fig. 9 and 10 show the cargo plane's locking device, the first for locking the rear part of the plane, the last for the front part. Fig. 11 shows a locking device which differs somewhat from fig. 9. Figs. 12-14 show the cable play of the winch, as fig. 12 shows the winch with the cable wound on it viewed against the drum, fig. 13 a detail of the previous one at the outer surface of the playing drum and fig. 14 an end view of the game on a smaller scale than the other figures.

På tegningen (se spesielt fig. 1) er 4 bilens chassi, på hvilket en svingbro fra sin bakre ende sammen med lengdebjelk-ene 3 er lagret i bilens lengderetning, idet svingbroen virker som understell for lasteplanet il. Som løfte og senkeorgan for svingbroen fungerer en på tegningen ikke vist vippeanordning som er plasert på bilen, som kan være hånd- eller maskindre-vet. In the drawing (see especially fig. 1) 4 is the car's chassis, on which a swing bridge from its rear end together with the longitudinal beams 3 is stored in the car's longitudinal direction, the swing bridge acting as a chassis for the loading platform 11. A tilting device, not shown in the drawing, which is placed on the car and can be hand- or machine-driven, functions as a lifting and lowering device for the swing bridge.

Ifølge oppfinnelsen er nu selve vinsjen fastgjort til svingbroen, i dette fall ved dens understell 3, for å kunne løftes og senkes med svingbroen. Vinsjens tromler 5 er best anbragt på samme tverrgående aksel på to sider av svingbroen, idet endene hos de om vinsj etromlene oppviklede og med krok 8 forsynte løfte- og senkekabler 6 er fastgjort til lasteplanets 1 understell 2. According to the invention, the winch itself is now attached to the swing bridge, in this case at its undercarriage 3, so that it can be raised and lowered with the swing bridge. The winch's drums 5 are best placed on the same transverse axle on two sides of the swing bridge, as the ends of the lifting and lowering cables 6 wound around the winch drums and equipped with hooks 8 are attached to the undercarriage 2 of the loading platform 1.

Vinsjens foran beskrevne fastgjøring muliggjør at man som drivanordning for vinsjens tromler kan anvende en i sving-broen fastgjort hydraulisk motor (ikke vist på tegningene), som bilmotoren driver ved formidling av en kompressor (ikke vist) og trykkslange 7 — rør eller på annen måte. Trykket kan formidles f. eks. av trykkluft eller trykkvæske. En hydraulisk motor kan f. eks. ved formidling av passende kraft-overføringsorganer drive vinsj tromlene. The attachment of the winch described above makes it possible to use as a drive device for the winch's drums a hydraulic motor fixed in the swing bridge (not shown in the drawings), which the car engine drives by means of a compressor (not shown) and pressure hose 7 — pipe or in some other way . The pressure can be conveyed, e.g. of compressed air or pressurized liquid. A hydraulic motor can e.g. by means of suitable power transmission means drive the winch drums.

Foruten den hydrauliske motor med trykkslange og kompressor kan vinsjens trommel også drives ved formidling av et på bilen anbragt passende mekanisk kraft-overføringsaggregat, enten manuelt eller ved bruk av bilmotoren som kraftkilde. In addition to the hydraulic motor with pressure hose and compressor, the winch's drum can also be operated by means of a suitable mechanical power transmission unit placed on the car, either manually or by using the car engine as a power source.

Da oppviklingen av kablene 6 på tromlene 5 må bli jevn kan deres overflate for-synes med spiralformet spor, langs hvilken kablen ledes inn på tromlene. As the coiling of the cables 6 on the drums 5 must be smooth, their surface can be provided with a spiral groove, along which the cable is guided onto the drums.

Da man imidlertid ved bare å anvende gjenger ikke alltid kan garantere at kablene tilstrekkelig effektivt ledes inn på tromlene, spesielt når den retning hvor-med kablene løper inn på tromlene avviker mer enn vanlig fra biléns lengderetning, tilsikter oppfinnelsen også i denne henseende å skaffe en forbedring ved for vinsjen å anvende et spesialkonstru-ert spill, hvorav en konstruksjonsform er vist av figurene 12 og 14. Since, however, by simply using threads, it is not always possible to guarantee that the cables are guided sufficiently efficiently onto the drums, especially when the direction in which the cables run into the drums deviates more than usual from the longitudinal direction of the car, the invention also aims in this respect to provide a improvement by using a specially constructed winch for the winch, a form of construction of which is shown by figures 12 and 14.

Oppviklingsanordningen har en trommel 30, som dreies av akslen 31, og om hvis ytre periferi er anordnet et skruespor 32, som allerede i og for seg styrer kablen. For å gjøre manøvreringen jevnere, er der til spillet ytterligere fastgjort en gjenge 33 som er utført f. eks. av ståltråd og omslutter tromlen 30. Antallet av vindinger på gjengen 33 er det samme som antallet av gjengens 32 vindinger, men diameteren er så meget større enn tromlens diameter at gjengen 33 når den er anbragt på plass omslutter tromlen uten å berøre dennes utside. Gjengen 33 er bare med sine ender fastgjort til tromlens flenslignende endeflenser 34. Gjengen 33 løper omkring tromlen utenpå de forhøyninger i dens ytterflate som danner skille mellom gjengene 32 og styrer derved kablen 6 som skal vikles omkring tromlen således, at den mellom gjengen 33 bedre løper langs gjengen 32 selv om kablens innløpsretning på tromlen ligger merkbart skrått. The winding device has a drum 30, which is rotated by the shaft 31, and around whose outer periphery is arranged a screw groove 32, which already in and of itself guides the cable. In order to make the maneuver smoother, a thread 33 is additionally attached to the winch, which has been made, e.g. of steel wire and surrounds the drum 30. The number of turns on the thread 33 is the same as the number of turns of the thread 32, but the diameter is so much larger than the diameter of the drum that the thread 33, when placed in place, surrounds the drum without touching its outside. The thread 33 is only attached with its ends to the drum's flange-like end flanges 34. The thread 33 runs around the drum outside the elevations in its outer surface which form a separation between the threads 32 and thereby guides the cable 6 which is to be wound around the drum so that it runs between the thread 33 better along the thread 32 even if the cable's entry direction on the drum is noticeably oblique.

For diameteren på den tråd som danner gjengen 33, har i praksis vist seg for-delaktig å anvende en sådan, som er ca. % av diameteren på den kabel 6 som skal vikles opp på spillet. Som følge av øknin-gen av gj en vindingen, kan avstanden mellom disse være sådan, at når kablen derfra løper inn på spillet, denne avstand åpner seg i tilsvarende grad og blir litt større på grunn av sin elastisitet. Når kabelen senere er plasert på tromlen, plaserer gjengen seg på dette sted i sin opprinnelige stilling og dekker da delvis de på spillet oppviklede kabelvindinger. For the diameter of the wire that forms the thread 33, in practice it has proved advantageous to use such, which is approx. % of the diameter of the cable 6 to be wound on the winch. As a result of the increase in gj en the winding, the distance between these can be such that when the cable from there runs into the winch, this distance opens up to a corresponding degree and becomes slightly larger due to its elasticity. When the cable is later placed on the drum, the thread is placed at this location in its original position and then partially covers the cable windings wound on the winch.

I visse tilfelle er gjengens 33 styrende innvirkning så pass tilstrekkelig, at gjengen 32 til og med kan utelates. In certain cases, the controlling influence of gang 33 is so sufficient that gang 32 can even be omitted.

Manøvreringen av kablen 6 om spillet kan ytterligere forbedres ved at man foran tromlen på den side hvor kablen løper inn lagrer en styrevalse 35 i tromlens retning, ved hvilken kablene dirigeres inn på tromlen, som det fremgår av fig. 14. Derved får man kablene, når den løper inn på tromlen til hele tiden å holde seg på samme tilløps-nivå. The maneuvering of the cable 6 about the winch can be further improved by storing a guide roller 35 in the direction of the drum in front of the drum on the side where the cable runs in, by which the cables are directed onto the drum, as can be seen from fig. 14. This allows the cables, when they run into the drum, to stay at the same inlet level all the time.

Oppfinnelsen går også ut på å skaffe sådanne fastgjøringsanordninger, som effektivt låser fast på sin plass det på bilens svingplattform opptrukne lasteplan 1, men som når lasteplanen senkes ned til marken lett tillater dette å befries fra sin låste tilstand, når man begynner å senke ned lasteplanet med støtte av kablene langs den opptrukne svingplattform. The invention also aims to provide such fastening devices, which effectively lock in place the loading platform 1 pulled up on the car's swing platform, but which, when the loading platform is lowered to the ground, easily allows it to be freed from its locked state, when you start to lower the loading platform with the support of the cables along the pulled-up swing platform.

Ved den i fig. 9 viste lasteanordning som hindrer lasteplanet fra å bevege seg bakover, er 19 i dette tilfelle en av vinkeljern utført tverrbjelke som er festet i det bakre parti av lasteplanets understell og fra hvis sentrale del stikker opp en plugg 20 med fremad hellende øvre side eller lignende. På midten av svingbroens tverrbjelke er igjen fastgjort en skivefjær 18, hvis frie bakre ende er forsynt med en åpning 21, gjennom hvilken pluggen 20 uhindret kan stikke seg inn. By the one in fig. 9 shown loading device which prevents the cargo plane from moving backwards, 19 in this case is a crossbeam made of angle iron which is fixed in the rear part of the cargo plane's undercarriage and from the central part of which a plug 20 with a forward-sloping upper side or the like sticks up. A disc spring 18 is again attached to the middle of the swing bridge's cross beam, the free rear end of which is provided with an opening 21, through which the plug 20 can insert itself unimpeded.

Når nu lasteplanet 1 trekkes opp på svingplanet, vil tappen 20, når den er kommet til fjærens 18 bakre del, med sin skrå øvre side løfte opp fjæren inntil denne når tappen er kommet til åpningen 21, senker seg ned til sin forrige stilling og tappen 20 stikker gjennom åpningen 21, hvorved lasteplanets glidning bakover blir helt for-hindret. Når lasteplanet igjen senkes ned, løftes spiralen 18 f. eks. med en sveiv ved formidling av en vendeplugg eller lignende 36 bort fra sin fastlagte stilling, hvorved lasteplanet uhindret kan bevege seg ned langs svingplanet. When the loading platform 1 is now pulled up onto the swing plane, the pin 20, when it has reached the rear part of the spring 18, will with its slanted upper side lift up the spring until this, when the pin has reached the opening 21, lowers down to its previous position and the pin 20 protrudes through the opening 21, whereby the sliding of the cargo plane backwards is completely prevented. When the loading platform is lowered again, the spiral 18 is lifted, e.g. with a crank by mediating a turning plug or the like 36 away from its fixed position, whereby the cargo plane can move unhindered down the swing plane.

I fig. 11 er vist en utførelsesform, som avviker endel fra den foregående. Her er den frie ende av den til svingplanet fastgjorde skivefjær 18 utformet således, at den min-ner om halvdelen av en spydspiss med sine skrå glideflater 22 og opprette sperreflater 23. Det organ som samvirker med fjæren 18 dannes av en av vinkeljernet i lasteplanets understell dannet tverrbjelke, mot hvis opprettstående side 24 fjærens sperreflate 23 trykker seg bakenfra, når lasteplanet er trukket på sin plass på svingplanet. Fjærens 18 skråflate 22 virker som styring for den nevnte tverrbjelke langs hvilken tverr-bjelkens vannrette side glir. Ved formidling av den til akslen 26 lagrede svingetapp 27 kan fjæren 18 fjernes fra sin fastlås-ningsstilling som vist strekpunktert i fig. 11. In fig. 11 shows an embodiment which deviates completely from the previous one. Here, the free end of the disc spring 18 attached to the swing plane is designed in such a way that it resembles half of a spearhead with its inclined sliding surfaces 22 and vertical locking surfaces 23. The body that interacts with the spring 18 is formed by one of the angle irons in the undercarriage of the loading platform formed cross beam, against whose upright side 24 the locking surface 23 of the spring presses from behind, when the loading platform is pulled into place on the swing plane. The inclined surface 22 of the spring 18 acts as a guide for the aforementioned cross beam along which the horizontal side of the cross beam slides. By moving the pivot pin 27 stored on the shaft 26, the spring 18 can be removed from its locking position as shown in dotted line in fig. 11.

Til svingplanet er ved den tverrbjelke som samarbeider med fjæren 18 foruten fjæren fastgjort også en av vinkeljern dannet tverrbjelke, men således, at den i forhold til den tidligere tverrbjelke 19 er vendt opp ned, hvorved dens vannrette side virker som sperreflate for den til lasteplanets fastgjorte bjelkes vannrette side og hindrer lasteplanets bakre ende fra å stige opp. For også å hindre lasteplanets 1 forreste del fra å stige opp, anvendes der samme slags låsningsorgan som vist i fig. 11. I det tilfelle som er vist i fig. 10 er svingbroens forreste del i dette tilfelle forsynt med en av vinkeljern gjort skrå tverrbjelke 28, mot hvis vannrette side den på motsvarende sted av lasteplanets understell værende og av vinkeljern gjorte tverrbjel-kes 29 vannrette side trykkes fra den nedre side, når lasteplanet er trukket på sin plass på svingplattformen. At the cross beam that cooperates with the spring 18, in addition to the spring, a cross beam made of angle iron is also attached to the swing plane, but in such a way that it is turned upside down in relation to the previous cross beam 19, whereby its horizontal side acts as a blocking surface for the one attached to the loading platform beam's horizontal side and prevents the cargo plane's rear end from rising. In order to also prevent the front part of the cargo plane 1 from rising, the same type of locking device as shown in fig. 11. In the case shown in fig. 10, the front part of the swing bridge is in this case provided with an inclined cross beam 28 made of angle iron, against whose horizontal side the horizontal side of the cross beam 29 made of angle iron located in the corresponding place of the loading platform's undercarriage is pressed from the lower side, when the loading platform is pulled in place on the swing platform.

I stedet for den kontinuerlige tverrbjelke 29 kan man som et med bjelken 28 samvirkende organ like godt anvende vin-keljernstykker, fastgjort ett på hver side av lasteplanet eller omvendt. Instead of the continuous transverse beam 29, angle iron pieces can just as well be used as a member cooperating with the beam 28, one attached to each side of the loading plane or vice versa.

For å lette lasteplanets 1 bevegelse på svingplattformen er der på hver side av svingplattformens understells bakre del mot den tverrgående bjelke lagret en rulle 15, som bærer lasteplanet og med sin med kanalgj engen 17 forsynte flens 16 samtidig styrer lasteplanets 1 bevegelse på svingplanet såvel i den tid dette løftes som når det senkes. In order to facilitate the movement of the loading platform 1 on the swing platform, a roller 15 is stored on each side of the rear part of the swing platform's undercarriage towards the transverse beam, which carries the loading platform and with its flange 16 provided with the channel thread 17 simultaneously controls the movement of the loading platform 1 on the swing plane as well as in the time this is raised as when it is lowered.

For å lette lasteplanets manøvrering er dets understells tverrbjelkers 2 kurvedel (fig. 8) forsynt med en fremadstikkende manøvreringsflate 12, som strekker seg ovenfra skrått nedad mot bilens ytre sider. Denne flate gjør det ved sin form lettere for lasteplanets tverrbjelker 2 å søke seg inn til rullene 15, som det spesielt fremgår av fig. 8. Denne viser det tilfelle at lasteplanets skinne 2 allerede har steget opp på bærerullen 15 mot dens styreflens 17. In order to facilitate the loading platform's maneuvering, the curved part of its undercarriage's transverse beams 2 (fig. 8) is provided with a projecting maneuvering surface 12, which extends from above obliquely downwards towards the outer sides of the car. Due to its shape, this surface makes it easier for the cross beams 2 of the cargo plane to find their way to the rollers 15, as is particularly clear from fig. 8. This shows the case that the loading platform's rail 2 has already risen on the carrier roller 15 towards its guide flange 17.

De fra spillet 5 utgående kabelender fastgjøres i krokene 8 som er anbragt i lasteplanets bjelker 2. Krokene er dog ikke som vanlig ubevegelig fastgjort til bjelkene, men de manøvreres fritt i de i bjelkene 2 fastgjorte holklignende deler 9 og er fra sine ender forenet med hverandre ved formidling av kablen 10 som løper fritt i en likså holklignende del 11 som ligger tvers over lasteplanets understell, hvorved hver av kablene 6 sammen med fastgjøringskro-ker så å si danner en kontinuerlig løfte- og senkekabel. The cable ends coming out of the winch 5 are fixed in the hooks 8 which are placed in the beams 2 of the loading platform. However, the hooks are not immovably fixed to the beams as usual, but they are maneuvered freely in the nest-like parts 9 fixed in the beams 2 and are joined to each other at their ends by mediating the cable 10 which runs freely in an equally hollow-like part 11 which lies across the undercarriage of the cargo plane, whereby each of the cables 6 together with fastening hooks forms a continuous lifting and lowering cable, so to speak.

På grunn av denne samvirkning hos kablene kan man lett løfte opp til og med Due to this interaction of the cables, you can even easily lift up

et lasteplan som har en retning avvikende fra bilens på lastebilens svingplan, uten at bilens retning behøver å endres. a load plane that has a direction deviating from the car's on the truck's turning plane, without the car's direction needing to change.

Kablen 6 føres ikke ved den her viste utførelsesform fra sine fastgjøringskroker direkte på spillet 5, men de dirigeres til bjelkene 2, ved hjelp av de mot bjelkenes ytre sider umiddelbart bakenfor manøv-reringsflaten fastgjorte manøvreringsstyk-ker 13, hvori kablen løper fra den nedre side i sporet 14. Gjengen 14 er gjort på et sådant sted i delen 13, at den befinner seg ved den tilsvarende spor 17 som er gjort i flensen i styrerrullen 15, når lasteplanets bjelker 2 har inntatt sin stilling mot de nevnte flenser. In the embodiment shown here, the cable 6 is not led from its fastening hooks directly onto the winch 5, but is directed to the beams 2 by means of the maneuvering pieces 13 attached to the outer sides of the beams immediately behind the maneuvering surface, in which the cable runs from the lower side in the groove 14. The thread 14 is made in such a place in the part 13 that it is located at the corresponding groove 17 which is made in the flange in the guide roller 15, when the beams of the cargo plane 2 have taken their position against the mentioned flanges.

Buktningen av styresporet 14 (se fig. 5) er avpasset således at kablen 6 under løft-ingen kan stige opp på styreflensen 17 av rullen 15. The bend of the guide track 14 (see fig. 5) is adjusted so that the cable 6 can rise onto the guide flange 17 of the roller 15 during lifting.

For at lasteplanet 1 under løftingen når løftebroen treffer det bakre parti fritt skal kunne flyttes over til rullens 15, er bjelkenes 2 nedre spiss avrundet som det spesielt fremgår av fig. 5. In order for the loading plane 1 to be able to be freely moved over to the roller 15 during lifting when the lifting bridge hits the rear part, the lower tip of the beams 2 is rounded, as can be seen in particular from fig. 5.

Lasteplanets bjelkers 2 innbyrdes avstand ved planets forreste del sammenlig-net med avstanden av de motsvarende bjelkedeler i svingplanet således avpasset, at lasteplanets bjelker utenfra trykkes mot svingbroens bjelker 3. Ved tilbakegang er avstanden mellom bjelkene 3 smalere enn avstanden mellom deres forreste del, så at lasteplanet skulle kunne manøvreres i sin førnevnte stilling. The distance between the beams 2 of the loading plane at the front part of the plane compared with the distance of the corresponding beam parts in the swing plane is adjusted so that the beams of the loading plane are pressed from the outside against the beams 3 of the swing bridge. When reversing, the distance between the beams 3 is narrower than the distance between their front parts, so that the cargo plane should be maneuverable in its aforementioned position.

Som sperring for lasteplanets bakre dels forskyvning til sidene virker bære-rullenes flenser. The flanges of the carrier rollers act as a barrier for the rear part of the loading platform to shift to the sides.

Oppfinnelsen er ikke begrenset til det som foran er forklart og vist på tegningene, men en laste- og losseanordning ifølge oppfinnelsen kan i konstruksjon, variere at-skillig fra den foran forklarte, uten derved å komme utenfor det vesentlige ved oppfinnelsen. The invention is not limited to what is explained above and shown in the drawings, but a loading and unloading device according to the invention may vary in construction from that explained above, without thereby deviating from the essence of the invention.

Claims

1. Loading and unloading device for lorries, where a swing platform supported from the rear against the car's chassis and pivotably stored in the car's longitudinal direction is placed, a loose loading platform, which can be lowered to the ground, and which, with the help of a winch arranged on the car and two cables exiting from there, fixed in the loading platform and running on each side of the undercarriage, in a loaded state, is pulled up onto the swing platform for transport and, after transport completed, is lowered , thence with load to the ground, and a tilting device that lifts the submersible swing platform with load level in such position, that the cargo plane, when the winch's cables are allowed to run out, lowers to the ground from the swing platform with its own weight, characterized by the fact that the winch is attached to the swing platform, appropriately in its front part.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the play of the winch is placed on the same in relation to the swing platform's transverse axis.

3. Device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the drum of the cable winch is surrounded by a spiral-like thread made of metal wire or similar, that the cable between the turns of the thread can be wound up on the winch drum.

4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the spiral-like thread runs around the drum at a certain distance from the surface of the drum and is only attached at its ends to the winch, preferably to the end flanges of the drum.

5. Device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the outer surface of the drum is also traversed by a spiral-like thread in the distances between the windings of the spiral-like thread.

6. Device according to claims 3-5, characterized in that on the side of the drum from which the cable runs into the drum in the direction of the drum at some distance from the drum, a roller with an extent of at least the length of the drum, a rod or the like is stored, by which the cable is maneuvered onto the drum.

7. Device according to claims 1-6, characterized in that one uses e.g. a disc helix or similar attached to the swing bridge's crossbeam, the free rear part of which is provided with an opening, and an e.g. from the crossbeam in the cargo plane's undercarriage protruding pin, to which the coil is attached after the pin has moved to the opening of the coil.

8. Device according to claim 7, paragraph characterized by the upper side of the pin being bevelled iiieu tojjn alens inc ciiuc, ucii mcu ain arnii upper side before it has reached the opening brings the coil into the tensioned position.

9. Device according to claim 1-6, characterized in that where a locking device is used, e.g. in the swing platform's crossbeam fixed disk spiral or similar, which at its free end has an upright blocking surface and a transverse angle iron rail attached to the loading platform's undercarriage, against whose upright side the spiral's blocking surface presses, whereby the horizontal side of the rail protrudes forwards.

10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the spiral from its rear end is provided with an inclined surface such that the angle iron rail, when it has come into contact with the free end of the spiral, leads the spiral into a tensioned position before it is locked.

11. Device according to claims 7-10, characterized in that a pin or the like is attached to the spiral in a transverse shaft, which when the shaft is driven, e.g. with a crank or similar release the spiral from the locked position for the loading plane to lower to the ground.

12. Device according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the angle iron rail cooperating with the spiral is attached to the swing platform another transverse, in relation to the first up and down angle iron rail so that the horizontal side of the loading platform's rail in a locked position is pushed under it horizontal side of the swing platform rail thus, that the rear part of the loading platform is prevented from rising upwards.

13. Device according to claim 1-12, characterized in that a transverse angle iron rail is attached to the front part of the swing platform and to the undercarriage of the cargo plane in the same place a rail made of angle iron in such a way that when the cargo plane is pulled up onto the swing platform, the horizontal side of the cargo plane rails is led under the horizontal side of the swing platform's rail in such a way that the front part of the loading platform is prevented from rising.

14. Device according to claims 1-13, characterized in that the distance of the swing platform's side beams from each other is adjusted in such a way and these side beams are constructed in such a way that the side beams of the loading platform's undercarriage bypass the side beams of the swing bridge and that when the loading platform is pulled up its sidebj spokes from their upper part are pressed against the swing platform's sidebj spokes in the corresponding place on the outer walls, so that the front part of the loading platform is prevented from shifting to the sides.

15. Device according to claim 1-14, characterized in that at the rear part of the swing platform on each side a carrier roller is stored by a transverse axle, the outer sides of which carrier roller are provided with a guide flange for the side wheels in the loading platform's undercarriage.

16. Device according to claim 1-15, characterized in that each cable's free end is on each side of the cargo plane freely or to some extent movably fixed in a socket-like part which is fixed in the side beam of the cargo plane's undercarriage.

17. Device according to claim 16, characterized in that the ends of the connection cable are led to each hook (8).

18. Device according to claims 1-17, characterized in that the curve in the cargo plane's undercarriage's side spokes is provided with forwards and from above downwards towards the outside inclined maneuvering surface which is to facilitate the said side bj spokes' maneuvering on the supporting rollers.

19. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that at the loading plane's undercarriage's side wheel in relation to its outer side immediately to the rear part of the maneuvering surface, a control device emanating from the loading plane is fixed at the expense of the cable, under which the cable is manoeuvred.

20. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the control body's cable thread has provided such a depth and such a bend that the cable, when the cargo plane is pulled up from the ground on the lift bridge, can move without hindrance in the thread on the two control flanges, which are itself in the bearing rollers which are placed in the rear part of the swing platform.