NO123096B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO123096B NO123096B NO2826/69A NO282669A NO123096B NO 123096 B NO123096 B NO 123096B NO 2826/69 A NO2826/69 A NO 2826/69A NO 282669 A NO282669 A NO 282669A NO 123096 B NO123096 B NO 123096B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- biotin
- glutamic acid
- nutrient medium
- fermentation
- microorganism
- Prior art date
Links
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000186226 Corynebacterium glutamicum Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 5
- KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxoglutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(=O)C(O)=O KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000276498 Pollachius virens Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- HWXBTNAVRSUOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxyglutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CCC(O)=O HWXBTNAVRSUOJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940009533 alpha-ketoglutaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101710088194 Dehydrogenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000192041 Micrococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010261 cell growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 238000006268 reductive amination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
- D02G1/16—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using jets or streams of turbulent gases, e.g. air, steam
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av 1-glutaminsyre. Process for the production of 1-glutamic acid.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår The present invention concerns
en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av 1-glutaminsyre i et bemerkelsesverdig høyt utbytte ved dyrking av Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC nr. 13.058 i et næringsmedium inneholdende saccharider, nitrogen-kilder og organiske stoffer. a method for producing 1-glutamic acid in a remarkably high yield by cultivating Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC No. 13,058 in a nutrient medium containing saccharides, nitrogen sources and organic substances.
I beskrivelsen til patent nr. 96 744 In the description of patent no. 96,744
innlevert samtidig med nærværende er det omtalt en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling og anrikning av 1-glutaminsyre direkte i dyrkningsmediet ved dyrkning av mikroorganismer som oppfyller to nærmere an-gitte biokjemiske betingelser. submitted at the same time as the present, a method for the production and enrichment of 1-glutamic acid directly in the culture medium by cultivation of microorganisms that fulfill two specified biochemical conditions is described.
Den ene av disse betingelser er mi-kroorganismens evne til å produsere a-ke-toglutarsyre av saccharider, og den annen betingelse er tilstedeværelsen av 1-glutaminsyre-dehydrogenase med stor aktivitet i mikroorganismen, navnlig en sterk aktivitet til reduktiv aminering av a-keto-glutarsyre ved den reversible enzymatiske reaksjon. Den nevnte patentbeskrivelse inneholder også opplysninger om at gjæ-ringsbetingelsene i stor utstrekning inn-virker på utbyttet, og at pH-verdien av dyrkningsmediet alltid bør holdes mellom 6,0 og 9,0 ved en passende gjæringskontroll, såsom ved tilsetning av nøytralisa-sjonsmidler til gjæringsmediet. One of these conditions is the ability of the microorganism to produce α-ketoglutaric acid from saccharides, and the other condition is the presence of 1-glutamic acid dehydrogenase with great activity in the microorganism, in particular a strong activity for reductive amination of α-keto -glutaric acid by the reversible enzymatic reaction. The aforementioned patent description also contains information that the fermentation conditions to a large extent affect the yield, and that the pH value of the culture medium should always be kept between 6.0 and 9.0 by appropriate fermentation control, such as by adding neutralizing agents to the fermentation medium.
Det har nå vist seg at 1-glutaminsyre It has now been shown that 1-glutamic acid
kan fremstilles ved i et næringsmedium å dyrke mikroorganismen Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC nr. 13.058, idet pH-verdien av næringsmediet innstilles på 6—9 ved tilsetning av nøytralisasjonsmidler, og fremgangsmåten karakteriseres ved at der til can be produced by growing the microorganism Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC No. 13,058 in a nutrient medium, the pH value of the nutrient medium being set to 6-9 by adding neutralizing agents, and the method is characterized by the fact that
næringsmediet tilsettes biotin i en mengde på 0,5—5,0 y Pr- liter næringsmedium. Biotin is added to the nutrient medium in an amount of 0.5-5.0 y per liter of nutrient medium.
Det vil forstås at en gjæring av den omhandlede art såsom 1-glutaminsyregjæ-ringen, består av forskjellige biokjemiske trinn for nedbrytning og syntese av substratet. En omhyggelig gjæringskontroll er særlig nødvendig til oppnåelse av et høyt utbytte av syren. Til dette formål har det særlig vist seg hensiktsmessig å anvende en mikroorganismeart som krever et eller flere vitaminer for å kunne vokse. It will be understood that a fermentation of the kind in question, such as the 1-glutamic acid fermentation, consists of different biochemical steps for the breakdown and synthesis of the substrate. Careful fermentation control is particularly necessary to achieve a high yield of the acid. For this purpose, it has particularly proven appropriate to use a species of microorganism that requires one or more vitamins in order to grow.
Det er velkjent at der finnes noen arter blant mikroorganismer som krever særlige vitaminer eller særlige aminosyrer til deres vekst, og sådanne arter utviser som regel en skarp vekstreaksjon overfor meng-den av vitaminer eller aminosyrer som finnes i dyrkningsmediet. Hvis der følgelig anvendes sådanne næringskrevende stam-mer eller arter av mikroorganismer, kan veksten av mikroorganismene og følgelig den enzymatiske aktivitet av cellene innstilles på den nødvendige størrelse ved passende tilsetning av de nødvendige vitaminer eller aminosyrer. Gjæringens for-løp kan derfor hensiktsmessig kontrolleres etter ønske. It is well known that there are some species among microorganisms that require special vitamins or special amino acids for their growth, and such species usually show a sharp growth reaction to the amount of vitamins or amino acids found in the culture medium. Consequently, if such nutrient-demanding strains or species of microorganisms are used, the growth of the microorganisms and consequently the enzymatic activity of the cells can be adjusted to the required size by suitable addition of the necessary vitamins or amino acids. The progress of the fermentation can therefore be appropriately controlled as desired.
Oppfinnelsen er basert på undersøkel-ser over og valg av mikroorganismearter under hensyntagen til deres vitaminbe-hov, og det har vist seg, at den nevnte biotin-krevende mikroorganisme er egnet til det omhandlede formål. Det er ennå en del uklart om biotinets biokjemiske funk-sjon, men det antas at biotinets virkning er særlig viktig ved gjæringen av 1-glutaminsyre under hensyntagen til de under-søkelser, som er offentliggjort i følgende publikasjoner: Arch. Sei. Physiol. 7, 85 (1953), J. Sei. Ind. Research, 13B, 110 (1954), J.B.C. 177, 125, (1949). (Disse avhandlinger viser, at biotin deltar i spaltningen og syntesen av proteinstoffer). The invention is based on research into and selection of microorganism species taking into account their vitamin needs, and it has been shown that the aforementioned biotin-requiring microorganism is suitable for the intended purpose. It is still somewhat unclear about biotin's biochemical function, but it is assumed that biotin's effect is particularly important in the fermentation of 1-glutamic acid, taking into account the studies published in the following publications: Arch. Pollock. Physiol. 7, 85 (1953), J. Sci. Ind. Research, 13B, 110 (1954), J.B.C. 177, 125, (1949). (These theses show that biotin participates in the cleavage and synthesis of protein substances).
Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 55, 307 (1955), J.B.C. 212, 217 (1955), Trans. N.Y. Acad. Sei. 15, 159, (1953), Physiol. Revs. 21, 1 Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 55, 307 (1955), J.B.C. 212, 217 (1955), Trans. NEW. Acad. Pollock. 15, 159, (1953), Physiol. Rev. 21, 1
(1941). (1941).
(Disse artikler viser, at biotinet har nær tilknytning til sukkerstoffskiftet, særlig i forbindelse med reaksjoner til binding og frigivelse av kulldioksyd). (These articles show that biotin is closely related to sugar metabolism, particularly in connection with reactions to the binding and release of carbon dioxide).
Ved anvendelse av den biotin-krevende organisme og ved kontroll av biotininnhol-det i dyrkningsmediet er det mulig å opp-nå en meget effektiv og hensiktsmessig gjæringskontroll ved den meget kompli-serte gjæring til dannelse av 1-glutaminsyre. By using the biotin-requiring organism and by controlling the biotin content in the culture medium, it is possible to achieve a very effective and appropriate fermentation control in the very complicated fermentation to form 1-glutamic acid.
Det er velkjent at biotin finnes i forskjellige naturlig forekommende stoffer, og slike naturlig forekommende stoffer eller deres ekstrakter, hydrolysater, for-døyelsesprodukter eller liknende stoffer kan anvendes istedenfor rent biotin med praktisk talt samme- resultat. Oppfinnelsen er således ikke begrenset utelukkende til anvendelse av rent biotin. It is well known that biotin is found in various naturally occurring substances, and such naturally occurring substances or their extracts, hydrolysates, digestion products or similar substances can be used instead of pure biotin with practically the same result. The invention is thus not limited exclusively to the use of pure biotin.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen The method according to the invention
skal i det følgende nærmere forklares ved hjelp av et utførelseseksempel. shall be explained in more detail in the following with the help of an embodiment example.
Eksempel. Example.
Sammensetningen av dyrkningsmediet: The composition of the culture medium:
Biotin tilsettes dette dyrkningsmedium i forskjellige konsentrasjoner. Av jordprø-ver isoleres en biotinkrevende art av Micrococcus, som ble kalt Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC 13.058, og som ble anvendt ved prøvene. Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC 13.058 skiller seg fra Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC 13.032, som er nærmere beskrevet i patent nr. 96 744 ved å være biotin-krevende, men den har praktisk talt samme morfologiske, fysiologiske og andre egenskaper som den nevnte mikroorganisme. 1-glutaminsyreproduksjon i rystekulturer ved forskjellig innhold av biotin bestemmes. Tabell I angir resulta-tene etter tre dagers dyrkning ved 28° C, hvorunder pH-verdien av dyrkningsmediet opprettholdes i et område på 6,5—8,5 ved gjentatte tilsetninger av urinstoff. Biotin is added to this culture medium in different concentrations. A biotin-requiring species of Micrococcus is isolated from soil samples, which was called Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC 13.058, and which was used in the tests. Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC 13.058 differs from Micrococcus glutamicus ATCC 13.032, which is further described in patent no. 96 744, by being biotin-requiring, but it has practically the same morphological, physiological and other properties as the mentioned microorganism. 1-Glutamic acid production in shaking cultures at different contents of biotin is determined. Table I indicates the results after three days of cultivation at 28° C, during which the pH value of the cultivation medium is maintained in a range of 6.5-8.5 by repeated additions of urea.
Av ovennevnte tabell fremgår det at cellevekten økes med stigende innhold av biotin, mens den dannete mengde 1-glutaminsyre ikke er proporsjonal med cellevekten. Der finnes et optimalt punkt for forholdet mellom celleveksten og dannel-sen av 1-glutaminsyre. Ved passende inn-stilling av biotin-innholdet på 0,5—5 y/ l fåes derfor de største utbytter av 1-gluta-minsyren. From the above table it appears that the cell weight is increased with increasing content of biotin, while the amount of 1-glutamic acid formed is not proportional to the cell weight. There is an optimal point for the relationship between cell growth and the formation of 1-glutamic acid. With a suitable setting of the biotin content of 0.5-5 µl/l, the greatest yields of 1-glutamic acid are therefore obtained.
Den følgende tabell II viser konsen-trasjonen av glutaminsyre i substratet etter bestemt tidsavsnitt etter fermen-teringens begynnelse. The following table II shows the concentration of glutamic acid in the substrate after a certain period of time after the beginning of the fermentation.
Slik som det klart fremgår av denne tabell var 1-glutaminsyredannelsen ved kon-trolleksperimentet bare liten og skjedde As is clear from this table, the formation of 1-glutamic acid in the control experiment was only small and occurred
kun langsomt, mens den ved de forsøk som only slowly, while the at the attempts which
gjennomførtes med den optimale biotin - was carried out with the optimal biotin -
mengde etter oppfinnelsen skjedde hur-tig og med stort utbytte. quantity after the invention happened quickly and with great yield.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19681760957 DE1760957A1 (en) | 1968-07-24 | 1968-07-24 | Method for intermingling the individual threads of multifilament yarns |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO123096B true NO123096B (en) | 1971-09-27 |
Family
ID=5696308
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO2826/69A NO123096B (en) | 1968-07-24 | 1969-07-05 |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3609835A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4833422B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT318792B (en) |
BE (1) | BE735829A (en) |
CH (1) | CH485884A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1760957A1 (en) |
ES (2) | ES369806A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI49327C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2013625A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1232716A (en) |
IL (1) | IL32583A (en) |
LU (1) | LU59094A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6911292A (en) |
NO (1) | NO123096B (en) |
RO (1) | RO57729A (en) |
SE (1) | SE347033B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3805344A (en) * | 1972-09-14 | 1974-04-23 | Enterprise Machine & Dev | Variable feed means for jet texturing apparatus |
IT1064326B (en) * | 1975-12-24 | 1985-02-18 | Basf Farben & Fasern | PROCEDURE FOR TEXTURING AND CONTEMPORARY VORTICOUS MOVEMENT BRAIDING OF WIRE BAND CAPILLARIES |
US4080777A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1978-03-28 | Akzona Incorporated | Novelty yarns |
US4184316A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1980-01-22 | Akzona Incorporated | Production of novelty yarns |
US4209881A (en) * | 1978-03-21 | 1980-07-01 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Knitting intermittently drawn yarns |
US4467594A (en) * | 1981-03-05 | 1984-08-28 | Milliken Research Corporation | Spun-like textured yarn |
US5221059A (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1993-06-22 | Basf Corporation | Uniform yarn tensioning |
-
1968
- 1968-07-24 DE DE19681760957 patent/DE1760957A1/en active Pending
-
1969
- 1969-07-05 NO NO2826/69A patent/NO123096B/no unknown
- 1969-07-07 GB GB1232716D patent/GB1232716A/en not_active Expired
- 1969-07-07 FI FI692007A patent/FI49327C/en active
- 1969-07-07 SE SE09599/69A patent/SE347033B/xx unknown
- 1969-07-09 BE BE735829D patent/BE735829A/xx unknown
- 1969-07-09 IL IL32583A patent/IL32583A/en unknown
- 1969-07-14 LU LU59094D patent/LU59094A1/xx unknown
- 1969-07-18 AT AT694769A patent/AT318792B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-07-18 JP JP44056496A patent/JPS4833422B1/ja active Pending
- 1969-07-21 CH CH1110769A patent/CH485884A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-07-23 NL NL6911292A patent/NL6911292A/xx unknown
- 1969-07-23 US US844054A patent/US3609835A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-07-23 RO RO60602A patent/RO57729A/ro unknown
- 1969-07-23 ES ES369806A patent/ES369806A1/en not_active Expired
- 1969-07-24 FR FR6925343A patent/FR2013625A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
1971
- 1971-08-13 ES ES71394225A patent/ES394225A1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE347033B (en) | 1972-07-24 |
IL32583A (en) | 1972-07-26 |
JPS4833422B1 (en) | 1973-10-13 |
FR2013625A1 (en) | 1970-04-03 |
BE735829A (en) | 1969-12-16 |
RO57729A (en) | 1974-12-15 |
NL6911292A (en) | 1970-01-27 |
LU59094A1 (en) | 1969-11-21 |
ES369806A1 (en) | 1971-12-16 |
US3609835A (en) | 1971-10-05 |
IL32583A0 (en) | 1969-09-25 |
ES394225A1 (en) | 1973-12-01 |
FI49327C (en) | 1975-05-12 |
SU380018A3 (en) | 1973-04-20 |
GB1232716A (en) | 1971-05-19 |
DE1760957A1 (en) | 1971-12-30 |
AT318792B (en) | 1974-11-11 |
FI49327B (en) | 1975-01-31 |
CH485884A (en) | 1970-02-15 |
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