NO122470B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO122470B
NO122470B NO433569A NO433569A NO122470B NO 122470 B NO122470 B NO 122470B NO 433569 A NO433569 A NO 433569A NO 433569 A NO433569 A NO 433569A NO 122470 B NO122470 B NO 122470B
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
weight percent
ammonium nitrate
activated carbon
gas
propellant
Prior art date
Application number
NO433569A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
G Marondel
W Siegelin
H Ratz
H Gawlick
W Spranger
Original Assignee
Dynamit Nobel Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19681806550 external-priority patent/DE1806550C3/en
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel Ag filed Critical Dynamit Nobel Ag
Publication of NO122470B publication Critical patent/NO122470B/no

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B31/00Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
    • C06B31/28Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
    • C06B31/30Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/04Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents for cooling the explosion gases including antifouling and flash suppressing agents

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Containers And Packaging Bodies Having A Special Means To Remove Contents (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)

Description

Drivsats for trykkpatroner. Drive set for pressure cartridges.

For frembringelse av trykkgass er det kjent patroner som som gassfrembringende forbindelser inneholder stoffer som er oppbygget enten på basis av nitrocellulose-forbindelser eller på basis av ammoniumnitrat med brennbare stoffer. For the production of compressed gas, cartridges are known which, as gas-producing compounds, contain substances which are built up either on the basis of nitrocellulose compounds or on the basis of ammonium nitrate with combustible substances.

Sistnevnte reagerer imidlertid bare når det til dem til-blandes spesielle reaksjonsakseleratorer. Som reaksjonsakseleratorer er det f.eks. kjent ammoniumdikromat, natriumtartrat, kobberoksyd, miloriblått og lignende. Ved anvendelse av disse stoffer virker det uheldig at de reagerer spontant med ammoniumnitrat og kan spalte dette eksplosivt. The latter, however, only react when special reaction accelerators are mixed with them. As reaction accelerators, there are e.g. known ammonium dichromate, sodium tartrate, copper oxide, milori blue and the like. When using these substances, it seems unfortunate that they react spontaneously with ammonium nitrate and can decompose this explosively.

En ytterligere ulempe ved disse kjente trykkgassfrembringende satser er at de ofte omsetter seg under flammeforeteelse; derved oppstår en meget varm drivgass som er uønsket for mange formål. A further disadvantage of these known compressed gas-producing batches is that they often react during flame occurrence; thereby creating a very hot propellant gas which is undesirable for many purposes.

Oppfinnelsen vedrører en trykkgassfrembringende drivsats på basis av ammoniumnitrat og kull og som gir kjølige gasser, idet drivsatsen er karakterisert ved at den inneholder 86-93 vektprosent av en binær blanding av 83-95 vektprosent ammoniumnitrat og 5-17 vektprosent aktivkull og J- lh vektprosent av en forbindelse som spalter seg endotermt eller sublimerer, og som ved sin spaltning og/eller sublimering forbruker varme og danner kjølige gasser. The invention relates to a pressurized gas-producing propellant based on ammonium nitrate and coal and which produces cool gases, the propellant being characterized by the fact that it contains 86-93 weight percent of a binary mixture of 83-95 weight percent ammonium nitrate and 5-17 weight percent activated carbon and J-lh weight percent of a compound which splits endothermically or sublimates, and which by its splitting and/or sublimation consumes heat and forms cool gases.

Det er riktignok allerede kjent å blande karbon i Admittedly, it is already known to mix carbon in

form av trekull, sot og lignende til ammoniumnitratholdige blandinger. Slike blandinger omsetter seg imidlertid ikke uklanderlig i den ønskede retning, således at det ikke kan anvendes som trykkgassfrembringende blandinger, de må alltid dessuten inneholde en reaksjonsakselerator. Det var derfor overraskende at aktivkull kunne overta rollen av reaksjonsakselerator, idet samtidig de til en drivgass stilte krav også ble oppfylt. Anvendelsen av aktivkull har videre den fordel at det ikke dessuten må tilsettes i tillegg et brennbart stoff til drivsatsen. in the form of charcoal, soot and the like for mixtures containing ammonium nitrate. However, such mixtures do not react impeccably in the desired direction, so that they cannot be used as pressurized gas-generating mixtures, they must also always contain a reaction accelerator. It was therefore surprising that activated carbon could take over the role of reaction accelerator, as at the same time the requirements set for a propellant gas were also met. The use of activated carbon also has the advantage that a combustible substance does not have to be added to the propellant.

En blanding som er oppbygget på disse stoffer kan ikke bringes til detonasjon ved hjelp av en sprengkapsel. Ved dens avbrenning oppstår gasser hvis temperatur ligger under 400°C. En flamme- eller gnistdannelse opptrer ikke. A mixture made up of these substances cannot be detonated by means of a detonating capsule. When it burns, gases occur whose temperature is below 400°C. A flame or spark does not occur.

Ved avbrenning oppstår av 1 g av en slik blanding 0,3-0,5 Nml drivgass som hovedsakelig består av nitrogen, karbondioksyd og vanndamp. Av enkelthetsgrunner betegnes i det følgende denne gass som kjølig gass. When burned, 0.3-0.5 Nml of propellant gas is produced from 1 g of such a mixture, which mainly consists of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapour. For reasons of simplicity, this gas is referred to in the following as cool gas.

For fremstilling av disse blandinger kan det anvendes de kjente typer av aktivkull. Gunstig er når den spesifikke indre overflate utgjør 3-12.10 fi cm 2/g. Videre skal aktivkullet for å For the production of these mixtures, the known types of activated carbon can be used. Favorable is when the specific internal surface is 3-12.10 fi cm 2 /g. Furthermore, the active coal must in order to

unngå separering ha samme kornstørrelse som ammoniumnitratet; fordelaktig er en kornstørrelse på 100$ 0,1 mm. avoid separation have the same grain size as the ammonium nitrate; a grain size of 100$ 0.1 mm is advantageous.

Til blandingene av ammoniumnitrat og aktivkull tilsettes for flegmatisering og til moderering av avbrannen dessuten stoffer som mildner omsetningen. Hertil egner det seg slike forbindelser som enten sublimerer under varmeforbruk eller fullstendig endotermt nedbrytes i ga3sformede, ikke synlige spaltningsprodukter som ikke har agressive eller sunnhetsskadelige egenskaper. Eksempel-vis lar det seg som slike forbindelser fremfor alt anvende ammonium- og/eller alkalisalter eller syreamider av alifatiske, fortrinnsvis rettlinjede dikarbonsyrer med 2-6, fortrinnsvis 2-4, C-atomer som eventuelt dessuten inneholder hydroksylgrupper. Eksem-pelvis skal det nevnes ammoniumoksalat, natriumoksalat, ammonium-adipinat, kaliumtartrat og oksamid. To the mixtures of ammonium nitrate and activated charcoal, for phlegmatization and to moderate the burning, substances that soften the turnover are also added. Suitable for this are compounds that either sublimate during heat consumption or completely endothermicly break down into gaseous, invisible decomposition products that do not have aggressive or health-damaging properties. For example, ammonium and/or alkali salts or acid amides of aliphatic, preferably linear dicarboxylic acids with 2-6, preferably 2-4, C atoms which optionally also contain hydroxyl groups can be used as such compounds. Examples include ammonium oxalate, sodium oxalate, ammonium adipinate, potassium tartrate and oxamide.

Det egner seg imidlertid også ammonium- og alkalisalter av karbon, som f.eks. natriumkarbonat og natriumbikarbonat. Også karbamater lar seg anvende. Som flegmatiseringstilsetninger egner det seg imidlertid også urinstoff og dets derivater. However, ammonium and alkali salts of carbon are also suitable, such as e.g. sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate. Carbamates can also be used. However, urea and its derivatives are also suitable as phlegmatizing additives.

De nevnte flegmatiseringstilsetninger kan helt eller delvis erstattes med grafitt. De skal hvis mulig ha en kornstørrelse som tilsvarer ammoniumnitratets for å unngå separering. Fordelaktig er en kornstørrelse hvor 100$ passerer en sikt på 0,1 mm maskevidde. The mentioned phlegmatizing additives can be completely or partially replaced with graphite. If possible, they should have a grain size that corresponds to that of the ammonium nitrate to avoid separation. Advantageous is a grain size where $100 passes a sieve of 0.1 mm mesh size.

Videre kan det til de ifølge oppfinnelsen fremstilte drivsatser også tilsettes V^O^ eller CuO som reaksjonsakseleratorer. Disse stoffers tilsetning skal imidlertid bare ligge mellom 0,1 Furthermore, V^O^ or CuO can also be added to the propellants produced according to the invention as reaction accelerators. However, the addition of these substances should only be between 0.1

til 2 vektprosent. to 2 percent by weight.

Det er gunstig når man innfører blandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen i en patron i upresset tilstand rundt en avgassingskanal; denne avgassingskanal skal hvis mulig ha form av en sylinder og befinne seg i patronens midte. It is advantageous when introducing the mixture according to the invention into a cartridge in an unpressurized state around a degassing channel; this degassing channel should, if possible, have the shape of a cylinder and be located in the center of the cartridge.

Eksempel. Example.

1. Det ble fremstilt en trykksats av følgende bestanddeler: 1. A pressure batch was prepared from the following components:

Disse bestanddeler ble blandet godt og ifylt i en patron. Etterat den ble tent ved en pyroteknisk tenning, ga blandingen 400 Nml/g gass, som hovedsakelig besto av nitrogen, karbondioksyd og vann. These ingredients were mixed well and filled into a cartridge. After being ignited by a pyrotechnic ignition, the mixture gave off 400 Nml/g of gas, which consisted mainly of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water.

Eksempel 2. Example 2.

Det ble fremstilt en blanding som hadde følgende sammensetning: A mixture was prepared which had the following composition:

Blandingen ble forarbeidet analogt eksempel 1 og ga 3^0 Nml/g gass, som hovedsakelig besto av nitrogen, karbondioksyd og vanndamp. The mixture was prepared analogously to example 1 and gave 3^0 Nml/g of gas, which mainly consisted of nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapour.

Claims (2)

1. Trykkgass frembringende drivsats på basis av ammoniumnitrat og kull og som gir kjølige gasser, karakterisert ved at den inneholder 86-93 vektprosent av en binær blanding av 83-95 vektprosent ammoniumnitrat og 5-17 vektprosent aktivkull og ' J- lH vektprosent av en forbindelse som spalter seg endotermt eller sublimerer, og som ved sin spaltning og/eller sublimering forbruker varme og danner kjølige gasser.1. Compressed gas producing propellant based on ammonium nitrate and coal and which produces cool gases, characterized in that it contains 86-93 weight percent of a binary mixture of 83-95 weight percent ammonium nitrate and 5-17 weight percent activated carbon and 'J-lH weight percent of a compound which splits endothermically or sublimates, and which by its splitting and/or sublimation consumes heat and forms cool gases. 2. Drivsats ifølge krav 1, karakterisert ved at den inneholder aktivkull med en spesifikk indre overflate på 3-12.IO<6> cm<2>/g.2. Propellant according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains activated carbon with a specific internal surface of 3-12.10<6> cm<2>/g.
NO433569A 1968-11-02 1969-11-01 NO122470B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19681806550 DE1806550C3 (en) 1968-11-02 Propellant charge that generates pressurized gas and delivers cool gases

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO122470B true NO122470B (en) 1971-06-28

Family

ID=5712131

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO433569A NO122470B (en) 1968-11-02 1969-11-01

Country Status (7)

Country Link
AT (1) AT289622B (en)
BE (1) BE741025A (en)
CH (1) CH530947A (en)
CS (1) CS156460B2 (en)
FR (1) FR2022468A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1219050A (en)
NO (1) NO122470B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA1048272A (en) * 1974-08-26 1979-02-13 Eugene F. Garner Low temperature gas generator propellant
WO1986002347A1 (en) * 1984-10-10 1986-04-24 Kurtz Earl F Explosive composition and method
US4728376A (en) * 1982-11-01 1988-03-01 Golden Power Of Texas, Inc. Explosive composition and method
US4997496A (en) * 1989-06-13 1991-03-05 Hoffmann-La Roche Inc. Explosive and propellant composition and method
DE69834107T2 (en) * 1998-07-13 2006-09-21 Nof Corp. Gas Generating Compositions
EP3107982B1 (en) * 2014-02-21 2017-12-13 Aerojet Rocketdyne, Inc. Hydroxylammonium nitrate monopropellant with burn rate modifier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1806550A1 (en) 1970-09-24
CS156460B2 (en) 1974-07-24
DE1806550B2 (en) 1976-07-22
BE741025A (en) 1970-04-01
FR2022468A1 (en) 1970-07-31
AT289622B (en) 1971-04-26
GB1219050A (en) 1971-01-13
CH530947A (en) 1972-11-30

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