NO120843B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO120843B
NO120843B NO158193A NO15819365A NO120843B NO 120843 B NO120843 B NO 120843B NO 158193 A NO158193 A NO 158193A NO 15819365 A NO15819365 A NO 15819365A NO 120843 B NO120843 B NO 120843B
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
spreader
fuel
springs
cartridge according
spring
Prior art date
Application number
NO158193A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
C Glandin
E Jansson
Original Assignee
Asea Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE6722/64A external-priority patent/SE313123B/xx
Application filed by Asea Ab filed Critical Asea Ab
Publication of NO120843B publication Critical patent/NO120843B/no

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
    • G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
    • G21C3/334—Assembling, maintenance or repair of the bundles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
    • G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
    • G21C3/34—Spacer grids
    • G21C3/348—Spacer grids formed of assembled non-intersecting strips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/30—Assemblies of a number of fuel elements in the form of a rigid unit
    • G21C3/32—Bundles of parallel pin-, rod-, or tube-shaped fuel elements
    • G21C3/34—Spacer grids
    • G21C3/356—Spacer grids being provided with fuel element supporting members
    • G21C3/3566—Supporting members formed only of elements fixed on the strips
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S376/00—Induced nuclear reactions: processes, systems, and elements
    • Y10S376/90—Particular material or material shapes for fission reactors
    • Y10S376/901—Fuel
    • Y10S376/902—Fuel with external lubricating or absorbing material

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
  • Quick-Acting Or Multi-Walled Pipe Joints (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Description

Anordning for kjernereaktorer.Device for nuclear reactors.

Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en brenselpatron for atom-reaktorer som omfatter et antall innbyrdes parallelle brenselstaver og minst én spreder for fiksering av avstanden mellom brenselstavene, hvilken spreder omfatter et stivt og i forhold til brenselstavene tverrgående sprederstativ og adskilte sprederfjaerer festet til stativet og innrettet til å ligge an mot brenselstavene. The present invention relates to a fuel cartridge for nuclear reactors comprising a number of mutually parallel fuel rods and at least one spreader for fixing the distance between the fuel rods, which spreader comprises a rigid spreader stand transverse to the fuel rods and separate spreader springs attached to the stand and arranged to lie towards the fuel rods.

En brenselpatron av lignende art er tidligere kjent fra belgisk patent 625 250, men denne kjente brenselpatron har en spreder som har en rekke ulemper. Sprederstativet er bygget opp av en ramme og et antall langsmale, innbyrdes parallelle mellomvegger, hvis ender er festet til rammen. Mellom disse festepunkter får mellomveggene stbtte bare i sideretningen av mellom veggene krys- sende, langsmale sprederfjærer, hvis ender er festet i rammen og som har innbyrdes parallell hovedretning. I og med at sprederstativet, bortsett fra et område nærmest rammen, ikke er helt stivt, oppstår store vanskeligheter med å avpasse sprederfjærenes f jæringsevne på en sådan måte at fjærenes stbttetrykk mot brenselstavene virkelig holder disse i sine tilsiktede stillinger. Særlig betenkelig er det i denne forbindelse at sprederfjærene ligger an mot hverandre for å få stbtte hvor ingen mellomvegg finnes. Dette medfbrer også at mer enn én stav vil bli berbrt av et eventuelt fjærbrudd. Videre at den del av en sprederfjær som ligger mellom to tilstbtende stbttepunkter blir temmelig kort, hvilket har stor negativ virkning på den bnskede f jaeringsevne og avpasset stbttetrykk mot brenselstavene. Dessuten ligger hver sprederfjær ikke an én, men to ganger mot én og samme brenselstav for å stbtte den radialt i to forskjellige retninger som danner en i det vesentlige rett vinkel med hinannen, hvilket medfbrer at konsekvensene av et fjærbrudd blir ennå alvorligere. A fuel cartridge of a similar nature is previously known from Belgian patent 625 250, but this known fuel cartridge has a spreader which has a number of disadvantages. The spreader rack is made up of a frame and a number of narrow, mutually parallel intermediate walls, the ends of which are attached to the frame. Between these attachment points, the intermediate walls are supported only in the lateral direction by narrow spreader springs crossing between the walls, the ends of which are attached to the frame and which have a mutually parallel main direction. As the spreader frame, apart from an area closest to the frame, is not completely rigid, great difficulties arise in adjusting the suspension capacity of the spreader springs in such a way that the spring's firm pressure against the fuel rods really keeps them in their intended positions. In this connection, it is particularly worrisome that the spreader springs rest against each other in order to obtain stability where there is no intermediate wall. This also means that more than one rod will be damaged by a possible spring break. Furthermore, the part of a spreader spring that lies between two adjacent support points becomes rather short, which has a large negative effect on the desired spring performance and adjusted support pressure against the fuel rods. Moreover, each spreader spring rests not once, but twice against one and the same fuel rod to support it radially in two different directions which form an essentially right angle with each other, which means that the consequences of a spring break are even more serious.

Disse ulemper avhjelpes ved at brenselpatronen ifblge oppfinnelsen får de i patentkravet l's karakteristikk angitte sær-trekk. Derved oppnås at sprederstativet blir fullstendig stivt og er istand til å gi sprederfjærene en veldefinert stbtte, og at sprederfjærene kan gis en tilstrekkelig lengde for lett oppnåelse av den bnskede f jaeringsevne og vel avveiet stbttetrykk mot brenselstavene, således at sprederen ettergivende holder brenselstavene i de tilsiktede stillinger selv når de utsettes for vibrasjoner som folge av et hurtig forbistrbmmende kjblemedium. Sprederstativet kan med fordel bygges opp av sirkulære rbrelementer, men andre tverrsnitt kan også tenkes. Rbrelementet med firesidig eller poly-gonalt tverrsnitt kan for eksempel ganske enkelt frembringes ved at en ramme forsynes med et antall mellomvegger som krysser hverandre og fortrinnsvis er gruppevis parallelle. These disadvantages are remedied by the fact that the fuel cartridge according to the invention has the special features indicated in the characteristics of patent claim 1. Thereby, it is achieved that the spreader stand becomes completely rigid and is capable of giving the spreader springs a well-defined support, and that the spreader springs can be given a sufficient length to easily achieve the desired spring capacity and well-balanced support pressure against the fuel rods, so that the spreader compliantly holds the fuel rods in the intended positions positions even when exposed to vibrations as a result of a fast-stressing cooling medium. The spreader stand can advantageously be built up of circular rbr elements, but other cross-sections can also be thought of. The rib element with a four-sided or polygonal cross-section can, for example, be simply produced by providing a frame with a number of intermediate walls that cross each other and are preferably parallel in groups.

Oppfinnelsen skal beskrives i det fblgende under henvis-ning til tegningene som viser skjematisk forskjellige utfbrelser av oppfinnelsen, idet fig. 1 viser et aksialt snitt av en sprader i henhold til en fbrste utfbrelse, fig. 2 viser et sidesnitt av et av de på fig. 1 viste rbrelementer for sprederen, fig. 3 viser et snitt etter linjen A - A på fig. 1 og fig. 4 viser i stbrre målestokk et sidesnitt av én type sprederfjærer; fig» 5 og 6 viser sprederfjærer av en annen type og fig. 7 viser et aksialt snitt av en spreder bestemt for sprederfjærer ifblge fig. 6. The invention will be described in the following with reference to the drawings which schematically show different embodiments of the invention, as fig. 1 shows an axial section of a spreader according to a first embodiment, fig. 2 shows a side section of one of those in fig. 1 showed rbr elements for the spreader, fig. 3 shows a section along the line A - A in fig. 1 and fig. 4 shows to a larger scale a side section of one type of spreader springs; fig» 5 and 6 show spreader springs of a different type and fig. 7 shows an axial section of a spreader intended for spreader springs according to fig. 6.

På figurene betegner 1 brenselstavene og 2 sprederstativets ytre ramme. Innenfor rammen 2 opptar sprederstativet et antall sirkulære, rektangulære eller kvadratiske rbrelementer 3 som er anordnet i til hinannen vinkelrett forlbpende rader og er loddet eller sveiset til hverandre ved kontaktpunktene samt også på samme måte forbundet med rammen 2. Loddingen ut f bres best ved o.vnslod-ding. På fig. 1 og 7 er rbrele mentene 3 sirkulære, men de kan også være rektangulære og/eller kvadratiske. In the figures, 1 denotes the fuel rods and 2 the outer frame of the spreader stand. Within the frame 2, the spreader stand occupies a number of circular, rectangular or square wire elements 3 which are arranged in mutually perpendicular continuous rows and are soldered or welded to each other at the contact points and also connected in the same way to the frame 2. The soldering is best done at o. vnslod thing. In fig. 1 and 7, the elements 3 are circular, but they can also be rectangular and/or square.

På fig. 1 er bare et fåtall brenselstaver 1 inntegnet i sine respektive rbrelementer. Stavene 1 er fiksert i sentrum av rbrelementene 3 ved hjelp av sprederfjærer 4, av hvilke fire er festet til hvert rbrelement. Sprederstativet fremstilles best av et materiale med lav neutron-absorberingsevne, f.eks. av legeringen Zircaloy 2. Også rustfritt stål er i visse reaktortyper et godt materiale. In fig. 1 is only a small number of fuel rods 1 recorded in their respective rbrelements. The rods 1 are fixed in the center of the rib elements 3 by means of spreader springs 4, four of which are attached to each rib element. The spreader stand is best made of a material with low neutron absorption capacity, e.g. of the alloy Zircaloy 2. Stainless steel is also a good material in certain reactor types.

Fig. 2 viser et rbrelement 3 med kvadratisk tverrsnitt sett fra siden. I rbrets ene endekant er der i hver vegg en utspa-ring 5 for periferisk fiksering av sprederfjærene. 1 midten av rbrelementet finnes der i hver vegg en åpning 6, gjennom hvilken en på vedkommende sprederfjær anordnet anleggsdel er fbrt for anlegg mot brenselstaven. Fig. 2 shows a rib element 3 with a square cross-section seen from the side. At one end edge of the rib, there is a recess 5 in each wall for circumferential fixing of the spreader springs. 1 in the middle of the fuel element there is an opening 6 in each wall, through which a mounting part arranged on the spreader spring in question is provided for mounting against the fuel rod.

Monteringen av sprederfjærene fremgår tydeligere av fig.The installation of the spreader springs can be seen more clearly from fig.

3. Ved den viste utfbrelse er sprederfjærene 4 montert på rbrele-mentets 3 utside og anleggsdelen 8 fbrt gjennom åpningen 6. 3. In the embodiment shown, the spreader springs 4 are mounted on the outside of the element 3 and the installation part 8 is removed through the opening 6.

Fig. 4 viser i stbrre målestokk sprederfjæren 4 i henhold til fig. 1 og sett fra siden. Den består av en boyd plateremse av et passende fjærmateriale, f.eks. en herdet nikkel-krom-jern-leger-ing. Anleggsdelen 8 er ved utfbrelsen på fig. 4 fremstilt som en utbbyd del av fjærplaten. Ved denne utforming oppnås den fordel at også selve anleggdelen blir fjærende og at mindre bevegelser såvel i aksial som i radial retning kan opptas av sprederfjæren uten at der oppstår noen glidning ved selve anleggsflaten mot brenselstaven. For at sprederfjæren skal kunne oppta aksiale bevegelser er det ve-vesentlig at forbindelsen mellom anleggdelen 8 og fjærens bevegelse er relativt svak. Dette er oppnådd ved at anleggdelen 8 har fått en soppiignende form, hvorved den dessuten blir fjærende i radial retning. Man kan selvfblgelig også tenke seg å utforme sprederfjæren med en separat påmontert anleggdel i stedet for utbbyningen 8, hvis dette på noen måte skulle være fordelaktigere. Sprederfjæren er i endene forsynt med gripeflenser 9, av hvilke i det minste den ene vanligvis bbyes i rett stilling fbrst ved monteringen. I slike tilfelle har fjæren den form som er vist med strekede linjer ved 10 Fig. 4 shows on a larger scale the spreader spring 4 according to fig. 1 and seen from the side. It consists of a Boyd plate strip of a suitable spring material, e.g. a hardened nickel-chromium-iron alloy. The installation part 8 is in the embodiment in fig. 4 produced as an extended part of the spring plate. With this design, the advantage is achieved that the contact part itself also becomes springy and that minor movements both in axial and radial direction can be absorbed by the spreader spring without any slippage occurring at the contact surface itself against the fuel rod. In order for the spreader spring to be able to accommodate axial movements, it is essential that the connection between the contact part 8 and the movement of the spring is relatively weak. This has been achieved by the construction part 8 having been given a mushroom-like shape, whereby it also becomes springy in the radial direction. One can of course also think of designing the spreader spring with a separately mounted installation part instead of the extension 8, if this would be more advantageous in any way. The spreader spring is provided at the ends with gripping flanges 9, of which at least one is usually forced into the correct position first during assembly. In such cases, the spring has the shape shown in dashed lines at 10

innen den monteres på sprederstativets rbrelement. Såvidt utbby-before it is mounted on the rbr element of the spreader stand. As far as utby-

ningen 8 tillater at sprederfjæren kan tas ut aksialt, er det mulig at gripeflensene 9 kan være ferdige fbr monteringen. Monteringen av fjærelementene ved en brenselstavposisjon kan skje etter at brenselstaven er satt inn i denne posisjon eller også kan brensel- ning 8 allows the spreader spring to be taken out axially, it is possible that the gripping flanges 9 can be finished for assembly. The assembly of the spring elements at a fuel rod position can take place after the fuel rod has been inserted in this position or the fuel can also

stavene skytes inn i den komplette spreder. Sistnevnte fremgangs-the rods are shot into the complete spreader. The latter progress-

måte krever imidlertid at brenselstavene beskyttes mot risping,method, however, requires that the fuel rods be protected from scratching,

f.eks. ved anvendelse av beskyttende mellomlegg av plast eller lig-e.g. when using protective spacers made of plastic or lig-

nende, som tas bort etter at monteringen er ferdig. Det kan ogsånende, which is removed after assembly is complete. It can too

være hensiktsmessig å sikre fjærenes innfesting ved lodding eller kanskje sveising. be appropriate to secure the springs' attachment by soldering or perhaps welding.

Fig. 5 viser en sprederfjær av en annen konstruksjon.Fig. 5 shows a spreader spring of a different construction.

Denne fjær er bestemt til å tres over rbrelementet. Denne fjærformThis spring is intended to be threaded over the rib element. This spring form

kan lett modifiseres så den blir dobbeltvirkende som vist på fig. 6.can be easily modified so that it becomes double-acting as shown in fig. 6.

Fjæren er her utformet med to anleggsdeler 8a og 8b i form av utbby-The spring is here designed with two installation parts 8a and 8b in the form of

de buer. Denne fjærtype anvendes hensiktsmessig i slike tilfelle,they bow. This type of spring is used appropriately in such cases,

hvor fjæren anbringes ved kontaktlinjen mellom to nærliggende rbr-where the spring is placed at the contact line between two adjacent rbr-

elementer 3a og 3b. Et eksempel på en spreder av denne type er vist på fig. 7. Særlig ved denne type spredere kan andre tverrsnitt på elements 3a and 3b. An example of a spreader of this type is shown in fig. 7. Especially with this type of spreader, other cross-sections can be used

rbrelementene enn det sirkulære være hensiktsmessig, f.eks. gir sekskantet form et relativt stivt sprederstativ. the rbr elements than the circular be appropriate, e.g. gives the hexagonal shape a relatively rigid spreader stand.

Claims (7)

1. Brenselpatron for kjernereaktorer som omfatter et antall innbyrdes parallelle brenselstaver (1) og minst én spreder (2 - 4)1. Fuel cartridge for nuclear reactors comprising a number of mutually parallel fuel rods (1) and at least one spreader (2 - 4) for fiksering av avstanden mellom brenselstavene, hvilken spreder omfatter et stivt og i forhold til brenselstavene (1) tverrgående sprederstativ (2 - 3) og adskilte sprederfjærer (4) festet til stativet og innrettet til å ligge an mot brenselstavene, karakterisert ved at sprederstativet (2 - 3) omfatter et antall véd siden av hverandre anordnede, stive rbrelementer (3) som hvert er «tivt forbundet med tilstbtende rbrelementer (30) og gjennom-løpes av bare, in brenselstav ilh som ved ein pns.s»sjer gjennom .ror-elementet^(3>), sLGttaa radialt av minst tre»£ ortrinnj£i-*> f ire ed*-skilteistdl: rBrelementct' ffefl£«cte: og..i forhold?tit^&vaøtfel Btayene,-n«. (i) langsgående:pprederfjærer (4). for fixing the distance between the fuel rods, which spreader comprises a rigid spreader stand (2 - 3) transverse to the fuel rods (1) and separate spreader springs (4) attached to the stand and arranged to rest against the fuel rods, characterized in that the spreader stand ( 2 - 3) comprises a number of side-by-side, rigid tubular elements (3) each of which is tightly connected to adjacent tubular elements (30) and is passed through only, in a fuel rod ilh which, in the case of a tire, passes through. the rudder element^(3>), sLGttaa radially of at least three»£ ortrinnj£i-*> f ire ed*-skylteistdl: rBrelementct' ffefl£«cte: and..in relation?tit^&vaøtfel Btayene,-n« . (i) longitudinal:ppreder springs (4). 2. Brenselpatron i henhold til krav 1, karakterisert ved at sprederfjærene (4) er anbragt på rbrelementenes (3) utside og forsynt med en anleggdel (8) som er fbrt gjennom en åpning (6) i rbrelementet (3) for anlegg mot brenselstaven (1). 2. Fuel cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the spreader springs (4) are placed on the outside of the fuel elements (3) and provided with a contact part (8) which is inserted through an opening (6) in the fuel element (3) for contact with the fuel rod (1). 3. Brenselpatron i henhold til krav 1, karakterisert ved at sprederfjærene (4) er formet som klemmer og trædd over rbrelementenes mantel. 3. Fuel cartridge according to claim 1, characterized in that the spreader springs (4) are shaped like clamps and threaded over the jacket of the fuel elements. 4. Brenselpatron i henhold til krav 2 eller 3, karakterisert ved at hver sprederfjær (4) består av et bbyd platebånd av fjærmateriale og ved sitt midtparti er forsynt med en anleggsdel (8, 8a, 8b). 4. Fuel cartridge according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that each spreader spring (4) consists of a folded sheet band of spring material and is provided with a mounting part (8, 8a, 8b) at its middle part. 5. Brenselpatron i henhold til krav 4, karakterisert ved at hver sprederfjær (4) er forsynt med en gripeflens (9) avpasset til å gripe om kanten av et rbrelement (3). 5. Fuel cartridge according to claim 4, characterized in that each spreader spring (4) is provided with a gripping flange (9) adapted to grip the edge of a rib element (3). 6' Brenselpatron i henhold til et av kravene 1-5, karakterisert ved at rbrelementene (3) ved sine ender er forsynt med aksiale innskjæringer (5) for periferisk fiksering av sprederfjærene (4). 6' Fuel cartridge according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the fuel elements (3) are provided at their ends with axial incisions (5) for circumferential fixation of the spreader springs (4). 7. Brenselpatron i henhold til et av kravene 1-5, karakterisert ved at sprederfjærene (4) er fastloddet eller fastsveiset i sprederstativet.7. Fuel cartridge according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the spreader springs (4) are soldered or welded to the spreader stand.
NO158193A 1964-06-03 1965-05-24 NO120843B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE6722/64A SE313123B (en) 1964-06-03 1964-06-03
SE1592364 1964-12-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO120843B true NO120843B (en) 1970-12-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO158193A NO120843B (en) 1964-06-03 1965-05-24

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US (2) US3380890A (en)
DE (1) DE1489632C3 (en)
DK (1) DK121616B (en)
FI (1) FI43325C (en)
FR (1) FR1436977A (en)
GB (1) GB1100706A (en)
NO (1) NO120843B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1436977A (en) 1966-04-29
US3431171A (en) 1969-03-04
FI43325B (en) 1970-11-30
GB1100706A (en) 1968-01-24
DE1489632A1 (en) 1969-04-17
US3380890A (en) 1968-04-30
DE1489632B2 (en) 1973-02-08
DE1489632C3 (en) 1973-09-27
FI43325C (en) 1971-03-10
DK121616B (en) 1971-11-08

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