NO118972B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO118972B NO118972B NO169645A NO16964567A NO118972B NO 118972 B NO118972 B NO 118972B NO 169645 A NO169645 A NO 169645A NO 16964567 A NO16964567 A NO 16964567A NO 118972 B NO118972 B NO 118972B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- mercury
- alkali
- splitter
- vertical slits
- washing part
- Prior art date
Links
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 21
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002730 mercury Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
- C25B1/36—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis in mercury cathode cells
- C25B1/42—Decomposition of amalgams
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Description
Innretning til adskillelse av kvikksølv og Device for separating mercury and
alkalihydroksyd i vertikalspaltere.alkali hydroxide in vertical splitters.
Oppfinnelsens gjenstand er en innretning til adskillelseThe object of the invention is a device for separation
av med alkalimetall forurenset kvikksølv og alkalilut i vertikalspaltere. of alkali metal-contaminated mercury and alkali lye in vertical splitters.
Det ved alkalikloridelektrolyse i den såkalte primær-By alkali chloride electrolysis in the so-called primary
celle frembragte alkaliamalgam spaltes i en spalter (sekundærcelle)cell produced alkali amalgam is split in a splitter (secondary cell)
ved omsetning med vann på en katalysator, f.eks. grafitt, i alkali-by reacting with water on a catalyst, e.g. graphite, in alkali-
lut og hydrogen, mens det på alkalimetall utarmede kvikksølv, i det følgende benevnt kvikksølv, igjen kommer inn i primærcellen. Det er kjent horisontal- og vertikalspaltere, hvorav vertikalspalteren har den fordel at den har bedre tilpasningsevne til primærcellens ytelse. lye and hydrogen, while the alkali metal-depleted mercury, hereafter referred to as mercury, again enters the primary cell. Horizontal and vertical splitters are known, of which the vertical splitter has the advantage that it has better adaptability to the performance of the primary cell.
I en.vertikal spalter ifylles amalgamet øverst i motstrøm In a vertical slot, the amalgam is filled in at the top in countercurrent
til vann, risler over en fylling av grafittbruddstykker ellerto water, trickles over a filling of graphite fragments or
-kuler og tilbakeføres fra spalterens bunn til primæreellen. -balls and are returned from the bottom of the slit to the primary cell.
Spaltningen er desto fullstendigere jo finere form amalgamet foreligger i ved reaksjonén. Dette oppnås ved formen resp. størrelsen av grafittlegemene og deres laghøyde. Den vidt-gående oppspaltning av amalgamet i smådråper har imidlertid den ulempe at kvikksølvet og alkalihydroksydét bare vanskelig lar seg adskille fra hverandre ved spalterens bunn. Resultatet er at en del av produsert alkalihydroksyd fra spalteren kommer med kvikksølvet i primærcellen. Her fører den alkaliserende alkalikloridsol til uønsket hypoklorit- resp. kloratdannelse, som ikke bare betinger en nedsettelse av utbyttet av klor, men også et forsterket angrep på anoden. The cleavage is all the more complete the finer the form the amalgam is in during the reaction. This is achieved by the form or the size of the graphite bodies and their layer height. However, the widespread splitting of the amalgam into small droplets has the disadvantage that the mercury and the alkali hydroxide can only be separated from each other with difficulty at the bottom of the splitter. The result is that part of the produced alkali hydroxide from the splitter comes with the mercury in the primary cell. Here, the alkalizing alkali chloride sol leads to unwanted hypochlorite or chlorate formation, which not only causes a reduction in the yield of chlorine, but also an increased attack on the anode.
Som en følge av høyere strømtettheter i primærcelleneAs a result of higher current densities in the primary cells
enn tidligere, blir det nødvendig å bygge fcompakte, kvikksølv-sparendé spaltningsanlegg som er i stand til å adskille kvikksølvet tilstrekkelig fra alkalihydroksyd. than before, it will be necessary to build compact, mercury-sparing decomposition plants capable of separating the mercury sufficiently from alkali hydroxide.
Man har hittil hjulpet seg ved at man enten øker kvikk-sølvets oppholdstid i spalterens bunndel eller har foreskrevet en ekstra vaskekasse mellom celle og spalter for kvikksølvet. So far, this has been helped by either increasing the residence time of the mercury in the bottom part of the separator or prescribing an additional washing box between the cell and the separators for the mercury.
Det er fra tysk patent nr. 938.966 kjent å bringe kvikk-sølv forurenset med alkalilut etter uttreden fra spalteren i berøring med spaltningsvannet i et spesielt kammer eller avdeling.- Kammeret er lukket mot spaltningskammeret ved hjelp av en med tilbakeslags-ventiler eller vannlås for lut, gass resp. damp og kvikksølv utstyrt mellomvegg. En slik utformet mellomvegg skal hindre at den høyprosentige lut kommer fra spaltningskammeret ved diffusjon inn i vaskekammeret. Kvikksølvet trer inn gjennom en vannlås og passerer nedad over et antall vekselsidig anordnede blikk, mens spaltningsvannet strømmer i motstrøm gjennom tilbakeslagsventilen i spalteren. På tross av den tekniske kompliserte bygning innen vertikalspalteren oppnås ikke en tilstrekkelig optimal adskillelse av kvikksølv og alkalilut.. It is known from German patent no. 938,966 to bring mercury contaminated with alkaline lye after exiting the splitter into contact with the splitting water in a special chamber or compartment. , gas or steam and mercury equipped partition. An intermediate wall designed in this way must prevent the high-percentage lye from coming from the splitting chamber by diffusion into the washing chamber. The mercury enters through a water trap and passes downwards over a number of alternately arranged screens, while the splitting water flows countercurrently through the non-return valve in the splitter. Despite the technically complicated construction within the vertical splitter, a sufficiently optimal separation of mercury and alkaline liquor is not achieved.
Det er nå funnet en vertikalspalter som består av en med grafitt, som katalysator fylt spaltningsdel og en med mellomblikk utstyrt vaskedel, hvori det med alkalilut og eventuelt med alkalimetall forurensede kvikksølv utvaskes i motstrøm med spaltningsvann og hvor vaskedelen er avgrenset fra spaltningsdelen ved hjelp av en silbunn, hvorigjennom kvikksølvet flyter jevnt over spalterens hele tverrsnitt og, spalteren erkarakterisert vedat vaskedelen har alternerende stående kjegler og hengende kjeglestumper som mellomblikk. A vertical splitter has now been found which consists of a splitting part filled with graphite, as a catalyst, and a washing part equipped with an intermediate tin, in which the mercury contaminated with alkali liquor and possibly alkali metal is washed out in a counter current with splitting water and where the washing part is separated from the splitting part by means of a sieve bottom, through which the mercury flows evenly over the entire cross-section of the splitter and, the splitter is characterized by the washing part having alternating upright cones and hanging cone stubs as intermediate glances.
Mellomblikkene heller hensiktsmessig 1,5 til 2,5 mmThe intervals rather appropriately 1.5 to 2.5 mm
pr. 100 mm, og avstanden til omstyringsstedene er innstilt således at det opprettholdes en alkalilutkonsentrasjon på maksimalt 5!? i vaskedelen. De stående kjegler er utstyrt med stråleformede føringsribber. per 100 mm, and the distance to the diversion points is set so that an alkalinity concentration of a maximum of 5!? in the laundry section. The upright cones are equipped with radial guide ribs.
Fremgangsmåten og innretningen ifølge oppfinnelsen til adskillelse av kvikksølv og alkalilut skal forklares ved hjelp av tegningens figurer .1 og 2, eksempelvis. Fig. 1 viser et skjematisk tverrsnitt gjennom spalteren. Fig. 2 viser en spesielt fordelaktig utformning av den stående kjegle i oppriss. The method and device according to the invention for separating mercury and alkaline lye shall be explained with the help of figures 1 and 2 of the drawing, for example. Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-section through the slit. Fig. 2 shows a particularly advantageous design of the standing cone in elevation.
Amalgamet strømmer ved 1 inn i spalteren 18 og kommer over. grafittfyllingen 17, hvori det spaltes, til siktbunnen 16 hvorigjennom det strømmer i retning av pilen over de 4 mellomblikk 2 - 5> som alternerende er utformet som stående kjegler 3 og 5 og hengende kjeglestumper 2 og 4 til utløpsstussen 6. Spaltningsvannet strømmer inn ved. 7 og møter kvikksølvet. Alkaliluten fjernes ved 8 og hydrogenet ved 9. For å sikre en jevn utbredning av kvikksølv-filmen i vaskedelen 19 er det. på mellombunnene 3 og 5 anbragt føringsribber 14 (fig. 2), som eksempelvis står loddrett. På mellomblikket 3 står det en aksialt rettet stuss 10-til utluftning. Spaltene 11 - 13, hvorigjennom det med alkalilut forurensede kvikk-sølv og spaltningsvannet strømmer i motstrøm blir dannet ved hjelp av mellomblikkenes avstand. The amalgam flows at 1 into the slit 18 and comes over. the graphite filling 17, in which it splits, to the sieve bottom 16 through which it flows in the direction of the arrow over the 4 intermediate screens 2 - 5> which are alternately designed as standing cones 3 and 5 and hanging cone truncates 2 and 4 to the outlet nozzle 6. The splitting water flows in wood. 7 and meets the mercury. The alkaline solution is removed at 8 and the hydrogen at 9. To ensure an even spread of the mercury film in the washing part 19, it is. on the intermediate bases 3 and 5 placed guide ribs 14 (fig. 2), which for example stand vertically. On the intermediate plate 3, there is an axially directed spigot 10 for venting. The slits 11 - 13, through which the mercury contaminated with alkaline liquor and the cleavage water flow in countercurrent, are formed by means of the distance between the slits.
Eksempel.Example.
Ved en strømbelastning av primærcellen på l40,til 160 KA. utgjorde kvikksølv-ompumpningen 50 t/h. Spaltningstårnet var 120 cm høyt og hadde en diameter på 80 cm. På omstyringsstedet 15 var avstanden av mellomblikkene 14 til 16 mm, deres helning utgjorde ca. 2 mm pr. 100 mm. Ved denne anordning oppnår man i spylesonen en alkalilutkonsentrasjon på 0,1 til 5%. Ved spalterens hode ble det fjernet 40 til 50J-ig lut, mens det ved spalterens bunn utstrømmende kvikksølv inneholder mindre enn 0,5$ alkalilut, referert til den ved spalterene hode fjernede lutmengde. At a current load of the primary cell of l40, to 160 KA. the mercury re-pumping amounted to 50 t/h. The splitting tower was 120 cm high and had a diameter of 80 cm. At the turning point 15, the distance between the eyes was 14 to 16 mm, their inclination was approx. 2 mm per 100 mm. With this device, an alkaline lye concentration of 0.1 to 5% is achieved in the flushing zone. At the head of the splitter, 40 to 50 µg of lye was removed, while at the bottom of the splitter the flowing mercury contains less than 0.5$ of alkali lye, referred to the amount of lye removed at the head of the splitter.
For å oppnå samme resultat tilsvarende teknikkens stand ved økning av kvikksølvets oppholdstid i spalteren er det nødvendig med 35 til 50? kvikksølv i tillegg. Også ved innbygning av en vaskekasse kreves i tillegg 20 til J>0% kvikksølv, og 'det fremkommer fortynnet natronlut inntil 5?.av produksjonen. To achieve the same result corresponding to the state of the art by increasing the residence time of the mercury in the slit, it is necessary to 35 to 50? mercury in addition. Also when installing a washing box, an additional 20 to J>0% mercury is required, and diluted caustic soda is produced up to 5% of the production.
Fordelen ved vertikalspalteren ifølge oppfinnelsen overfor de tidligere, ligger i at vaskedelen bare krever liten plass i spalteren og at ved minimalt kvikksølvbehov sikres en omtrent full-stendig utvasking av alkalihydroksydet fra kvikksølvet. The advantage of the vertical splitter according to the invention over the previous ones lies in the fact that the washing part only requires a small space in the splitter and that with a minimal mercury requirement, an almost complete washing out of the alkali hydroxide from the mercury is ensured.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEF0050272 | 1966-09-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO118972B true NO118972B (en) | 1970-03-09 |
Family
ID=7103670
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO169645A NO118972B (en) | 1966-09-23 | 1967-09-06 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3512220A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4927957B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT272378B (en) |
BE (1) | BE704247A (en) |
CH (1) | CH499462A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1533447B2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES345211A1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI47586C (en) |
GB (1) | GB1204145A (en) |
NL (1) | NL156757B (en) |
NO (1) | NO118972B (en) |
SE (1) | SE331983B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3736724A (en) * | 1972-01-13 | 1973-06-05 | E Wygasch | Method of drying and demercurizing hydrogen |
IT1113803B (en) * | 1977-12-05 | 1986-01-27 | Oronzio De Nora Impianti | NEW CATALYTIC MATERIALS FOR THE DECOMPOSITION OF AMALGAMS OF ALKALINE METALS |
US4204937A (en) * | 1978-01-24 | 1980-05-27 | Oronzio Denora Impianti Elettrochimici S.P.A. | Novel electrolytic amalgam denuder apparatus |
US4230486A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1980-10-28 | Olin Corporation | Process for removal and recovery of mercury from liquids |
JPS5647997U (en) * | 1980-08-15 | 1981-04-28 | ||
AU559284B2 (en) * | 1982-07-08 | 1987-03-05 | Takeda Chemical Industries Ltd. | Adsorption of mercury vapour |
US5824210A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1998-10-20 | Kuryluk; Michael H. | Separation of minerals |
ITMI20022420A1 (en) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-05-16 | De Nora Elettrodi Spa | METAL AMALGAM DECOMPOSITOR FOR MERCURY CATHODE ELECTROLYTIC CELLS. |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL60274C (en) * | 1944-02-18 | |||
US2801163A (en) * | 1956-09-17 | 1957-07-30 | Pintsch Bamag A B | Apparatus and method for decomposing an amalgam |
-
1966
- 1966-09-23 DE DE19661533447 patent/DE1533447B2/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1967
- 1967-08-28 FI FI672299A patent/FI47586C/en active
- 1967-09-05 NL NL6712151.A patent/NL156757B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-09-06 NO NO169645A patent/NO118972B/no unknown
- 1967-09-19 US US668817A patent/US3512220A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1967-09-20 ES ES345211A patent/ES345211A1/en not_active Expired
- 1967-09-21 CH CH1319667A patent/CH499462A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1967-09-21 AT AT859867A patent/AT272378B/en active
- 1967-09-22 SE SE13042/67A patent/SE331983B/xx unknown
- 1967-09-23 JP JP42060901A patent/JPS4927957B1/ja active Pending
- 1967-09-25 BE BE704247D patent/BE704247A/xx unknown
- 1967-09-25 GB GB43553/67A patent/GB1204145A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES345211A1 (en) | 1969-01-01 |
DE1533447B2 (en) | 1972-04-06 |
DE1533447A1 (en) | 1969-12-18 |
FI47586C (en) | 1974-01-10 |
US3512220A (en) | 1970-05-19 |
CH499462A (en) | 1970-11-30 |
GB1204145A (en) | 1970-09-03 |
AT272378B (en) | 1969-07-10 |
SE331983B (en) | 1971-01-25 |
NL156757B (en) | 1978-05-16 |
BE704247A (en) | 1968-03-25 |
JPS4927957B1 (en) | 1974-07-22 |
FI47586B (en) | 1973-10-01 |
NL6712151A (en) | 1968-03-25 |
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