NO117277B - - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO117277B
NO117277B NO158658A NO15865865A NO117277B NO 117277 B NO117277 B NO 117277B NO 158658 A NO158658 A NO 158658A NO 15865865 A NO15865865 A NO 15865865A NO 117277 B NO117277 B NO 117277B
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
water
water glass
aluminum
solutions
complex compounds
Prior art date
Application number
NO158658A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Inventor
O Heinrich
Original Assignee
Lodge Cottrell Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lodge Cottrell Ltd filed Critical Lodge Cottrell Ltd
Publication of NO117277B publication Critical patent/NO117277B/no

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/0032Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions using electrostatic forces to remove particles, e.g. electret filters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/02Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
    • B01D46/04Cleaning filters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/42Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
    • B01D46/48Removing dust other than cleaning filters, e.g. by using collecting trays
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D46/00Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/66Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
    • B01D46/74Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element
    • B01D46/76Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by forces created by movement of the filter element involving vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/74Cleaning the electrodes
    • B03C3/76Cleaning the electrodes by using a mechanical vibrator, e.g. rapping gear ; by using impact
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C3/00Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect
    • B03C3/34Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof
    • B03C3/88Cleaning-out collected particles

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Description

Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av vannbestandige overtrekk eller sammenklebninger. Method for producing water-resistant coverings or bonding.

Vannglassoppløsninger blir ofte anvendt til overtrekk eller sammenklebninger, spesielt av papir og papp, da de ved avgivelse av lite vann hurtig danner en seig, sterkt bindende film på eller mellom overflatene av de materialer som er blitt behandlet. Vannavgivelsen kan skje på en-kel måte ved fordampning og/eller ved ad-sorpsjon av vannet gjennom det med sili-katoppløsningen fuktede materiale. En ulempe ved slike silikatovertrekk og sammenklebninger er at de har liten vannbe-standighet. Water glass solutions are often used for coverings or bonding, especially of paper and cardboard, as they quickly form a tough, strongly binding film on or between the surfaces of the materials that have been treated when a small amount of water is released. The release of water can take place in a simple way by evaporation and/or by adsorption of the water through the material moistened with the silicate solution. A disadvantage of such silicate coverings and adhesions is that they have little water resistance.

Det er kjent at alkalisilikatene kan It is known that the alkali silicates can

omsettes med flerverdige metallsalter til vannuoppløselige metallsilikater. Det er derfor allerede blitt gjort tallrike forsøk på å oppnå vannbestandige sammenklebninger og overtrekk under utnyttelse av denne reaksjon (tilsetning av metallsalter). Ulempen ved de fleste av disse frem-gangsmåter er imidlertid at de blandinger av metallsalter og vannglass som kommer til anvendelse er lite holdbare og stivner hurtig. Man har derfor også allerede fore-slått å arbeide med adskilte oppløsninger ved sammenklebninger, idet man f. eks. impregnerer en papirbane med et aluminiumsalt og på en annen papirbane på-fører en vannglassoppløsning og deretter kleber de således forbehandlede papirer sammen. Denne fremgangsmåte er om-stendelig for praksis. Dessuten opptrer det reacted with polyvalent metal salts to form water-insoluble metal silicates. Numerous attempts have therefore already been made to achieve water-resistant adhesions and coatings using this reaction (addition of metal salts). The disadvantage of most of these methods, however, is that the mixtures of metal salts and water glass that are used are not very durable and harden quickly. It has therefore also already been proposed to work with separate solutions when joining together, as one e.g. impregnates one paper web with an aluminum salt and applies a water glass solution to another paper web and then glues the thus pretreated papers together. This method is cumbersome for practice. Also, it acts

ved påføring av metallsaltoppløsninger, som f. eks. aluminiumsulfat, ofte korro-sjonsvanskeligheter på de maskiner som anvendes. when applying metal salt solutions, such as aluminum sulphate, often corrosion problems on the machines used.

Endelig er det også allerede blitt fore- Finally, it has also already been

slått å anvende vannglassoppløsninger med en tilsetning av komplekse ammo-niakkforbindelser av metaller, f. eks. av kobber og sink. På denne måte kan man riktignok få bestandige oppløsninger, men fremgangsmåten har den ulempe at man må arbeide med et overskudd av ammo-niakk, hvorved det opptrer ubehagelighe-ter med hensyn til lukt. Også blandingen av komponentene medfører ofte vanskelig-heter på grunn av for tidlig gelering. proved to use water glass solutions with an addition of complex ammonia compounds of metals, e.g. of copper and zinc. In this way, it is true that permanent solutions can be obtained, but the method has the disadvantage that you have to work with an excess of ammonia, which results in unpleasant odors. The mixing of the components also often causes difficulties due to premature gelation.

Oppfinnerne har funnet at de ovenfor angitte ulemper kan unngås og at man allikevel kan fremstille i vidtgående grad vannfaste overtrekk og sammenklebninger hvis man anvender vannglassoppløsninger som har et innhold av komplekse forbin-delser av aluminium med organiske oksysyrer eller disses vannoppløselige salter. Organiske oksysyrer, hvis aluminiumkom-pleksforbindelser kommer på tale for den foreliggende fremgangsmåte, er f. eks. sit-ronsyre, eplesyre, melkesyre og særlig vinsyre. Aluminiumkompleksforbindelsene kan f. eks. fremstilles på kjent måte ved å la de organiske oksysyrer eller disses vann-oppløselige salter innvirke på oppløsnin-ger av aluminiumsalter. Man går ved fremstillingen av overtrekk eller sammenklebninger i henhold til oppfinnelsen som regel frem på den måte at man først frem-stiller en oppløsning med aluminiumsalt og den organiske kompleksdanner. Da aluminiumsaltene, spesielt det i praksis over-veiende anvendte aluminiumsulfat, reage-rer surt, blir disse oppløsninger hensikts-messig nøytralisert. Derved unngås even-tuelle utfellinger ved blanding med vannglass, resp. ødeleggelse av vannglassets kolloidale struktur ved blandingen. De så- i ledes erholdte oppløsninger blir deretter blandet med en vannglassoppløsnirig. Ved i tilsetning av aluminiumsaltene i denne kompleksform unngår man utfellinger av aluminiumhydroksyd eller -silikat i vann-glassoppløsningene. Man får derfor på denne måte helt klare, bestandige blandinger uten at vannglassets klebekraft eller viskositet blir merkbart nedsatt her-ved. Først etter sammenklebningen, som skjer på vanlig måte ved oppvarming (f. eks. føring av papirbanene over opphe-tede valser), gjør tilsetningen av alumi-niumforbindelsen seg merkbar idet de således erholdte overtrekk eller sammenklebninger er i vidtgående grad vannfaste. De tilsetningsmengder av komplekse alu-miniumforbindelser som kommer til anvendelse er ikke store. Som regel er en tilsetning på ca. 1 pst. tilstrekkelig. Ek-sempelvis er en bølgepappsammenklebning som er blitt fremstilt med en vannglass-oppløsning som inneholder ca. 0,5 pst. aluminiumsulfat og 0,5 pst. vinsyre, bestandig i mere enn 48 timer ved henstand i ledningsvann av romtemperatur. The inventors have found that the above-mentioned disadvantages can be avoided and that it is still possible to produce largely waterproof coverings and bondings if water glass solutions are used that contain complex compounds of aluminum with organic oxyacids or their water-soluble salts. Organic oxyacids, whose aluminum complex compounds come into question for the present method, are e.g. citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid and especially tartaric acid. The aluminum complex compounds can e.g. is prepared in a known manner by allowing the organic oxyacids or their water-soluble salts to act on solutions of aluminum salts. In the production of coverings or adhesions according to the invention, as a rule, one proceeds in such a way that one first prepares a solution with aluminum salt and the organic complex former. As the aluminum salts, especially the predominantly used aluminum sulphate in practice, react acidly, these solutions are suitably neutralized. Thereby, any precipitation is avoided when mixing with water glass, resp. destruction of the colloidal structure of the water glass by the mixture. The solutions thus obtained are then mixed with a water glass solvent. By adding the aluminum salts in this complex form, precipitation of aluminum hydroxide or -silicate in the water-glass solutions is avoided. In this way, you therefore get completely clear, stable mixtures without the adhesive force or viscosity of the water glass being noticeably reduced by this. Only after gluing, which takes place in the usual way by heating (e.g. guiding the paper webs over heated rollers), does the addition of the aluminum compound become noticeable, as the covers or gluing thus obtained are largely waterproof. The addition amounts of complex aluminum compounds that are used are not large. As a rule, an addition of approx. 1 percent is sufficient. For example, a corrugated cardboard joint that has been produced with a water glass solution containing approx. 0.5 per cent aluminum sulphate and 0.5 per cent tartaric acid, permanent for more than 48 hours by standing in tap water at room temperature.

Vannglassoppløsningene i henhold til oppfinnelsen har foruten den fordel å være enkle å anvende og å være luktfrie, også den fordel likeoverfor vannglassoppløs-ninger som inneholder ammoniakkom-pleksforbindelser at de ikke ønskede misfarginger som ofte opptrer ved klebning med vannglass, praktisk talt blir unngått. Fremgangsmåten kan anvendes for alle vanlige vannglasskombinasjoner. Således er det f. eks. i praksis ofte vanlig å benytte vannglassoppløsninger som dessuten inneholder tilsetninger av stivelse, stivelses-produkter eller kunstharpikser. Spesielt blir det av tekniske grunner ofte anvendt blandinger av vannglass med leire. Også denne kombinasjon gir ved arbeidsmåten i henhold til oppfinnelsen meget vannfaste sammenklebninger. The water glass solutions according to the invention have, in addition to the advantage of being easy to use and being odorless, also the advantage over water glass solutions containing ammonia complex compounds that the unwanted discolorations that often occur when sticking with water glass are practically avoided. The procedure can be used for all common water glass combinations. Thus, it is e.g. in practice it is often common to use water glass solutions which also contain additions of starch, starch products or synthetic resins. In particular, for technical reasons, mixtures of water glass with clay are often used. This combination also produces very water-resistant adhesions in the working method according to the invention.

Eksempel 1: 490 g aluminiumsulfat (kryst.) og 300 g natriumtartrat løses opp ill. vann og tilsettes for nøytralisering av oppløsnin-gen 600 ml 20 pst.'s natronlut. Denne oppr løsning innrøres langsomt i 50 kg vann-glassoppløsning av 38,5 Bé. Man får en klar, bestandig lagringsdyktig oppløsning. Sammenklebningen av en med denne vannglassoppløsning sammenklebet bølge-papp av natronkraftpapir (180—200 g/m2) er bestandig i mere enn 48 timer ved henstand i ledningsvann av romtemperatur. Example 1: 490 g of aluminum sulphate (cryst.) and 300 g of sodium tartrate is dissolved in water and 600 ml of 20% caustic soda is added to neutralize the solution. This oppr solution is slowly stirred into 50 kg water-glass solution of 38.5 Bé. You get a clear, permanently storable solution. The adhesion of a corrugated board made of soda ash paper (180-200 g/m2) glued together with this water glass solution is permanent for more than 48 hours when standing in tap water at room temperature.

Eksempel 2: I en vannglassblanding av den i eksempel 1 angitte art innarbeides det yt-terligere 12 pst. kaolin. Man får en blanding som ikke bare er egnet til sammenklebning av meget sugedyktig papir og papp, men også for sammenklebning av papir, ved hvilke det i alminnelighet lett oppstår misfarginger («gjennomslag»), uten at disse ulemper oppstår. Example 2: In a water glass mixture of the kind specified in example 1, a further 12 percent kaolin is incorporated. You get a mixture that is not only suitable for gluing together highly absorbent paper and cardboard, but also for gluing together paper, in which discolouration ('bleed-through') usually easily occurs, without these disadvantages occurring.

Claims (4)

1. Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av i vidtgående grad vannbestandige overtrekk eller sammenklebninger som inneholder vannglassoppløsninger, karakterisert ved at det anvendes vannglassoppløs-ninger som inneholder kompleksforbindelser av aluminium med organiske oksysyrer eller disses vannoppløselige salter.1. Process for the production of largely water-resistant coverings or adhesions containing water glass solutions, characterized in that water glass solutions are used which contain complex compounds of aluminum with organic oxyacids or their water-soluble salts. 2. Fremgangsmåte ifølge påstand 1, karakterisert ved at aluminiumets kompleksforbindelser nøytraliseres før de blandes med vannglassoppløsningen.2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the aluminium's complex compounds are neutralized before they are mixed with the water glass solution. 3. Fremgangsmåte ifølge påstand 1 eller 2, karakterisert ved at det som alu-miniumkompleksforbindelser anvendes kompleksforbindelser av vinsyren.3. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that complex compounds of tartaric acid are used as aluminum complex compounds. 4. Fremgangsmåte ifølge påstand 1— 3, karakterisert ved at det anvendes vann-glassoppløsninger i hvilke det er innarbei-det leire i finfordelt form.4. Method according to claims 1-3, characterized in that water-glass solutions are used in which there is incorporated clay in finely divided form.
NO158658A 1964-06-27 1965-06-24 NO117277B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB26705/64A GB1098189A (en) 1964-06-27 1964-06-27 Improvements in or relating to gas cleaning

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO117277B true NO117277B (en) 1969-07-21

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ID=10247934

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO158658A NO117277B (en) 1964-06-27 1965-06-24

Country Status (3)

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CH (1) CH435943A (en)
GB (1) GB1098189A (en)
NO (1) NO117277B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110076002A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-08-02 中环清新人工环境工程技术(北京)有限责任公司 A kind of unpowered type two-period form electrostatic purifier

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE790914A (en) * 1971-11-05 1973-03-01 Nippon Kogei Kogyo Co METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COLLECTING DUST BY ELECTROSTATIC ROUTE
CN101417265B (en) * 2008-12-01 2012-01-04 中国重型机械研究院 Fan shaped scraper ash-transmission system
CN113828076B (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-09-09 莱芜钢铁集团泰东实业有限公司 Blast furnace flue gas sack dust arrester installation convenient to collect
CN114834421B (en) * 2022-05-13 2023-07-14 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 Air control valve

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110076002A (en) * 2019-06-11 2019-08-02 中环清新人工环境工程技术(北京)有限责任公司 A kind of unpowered type two-period form electrostatic purifier

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH435943A (en) 1967-05-15
GB1098189A (en) 1968-01-10

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