NL8720242A - NEW COMPOSITIONS AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING AND CLEANING OF HARMFUL ACID WASTE. - Google Patents

Description

-1-27038 / Vk / tj 8720242

Short designation: New compositions and method for controlling and cleaning up harmful acid waste.

This patent application is an improvement on US patent application 859,532, which can be considered incorporated herein.

Background of the invention.

1. Field of the invention.

This invention relates to new compositions and to new methods of being used to neutralize and clean up harmful and / or hazardous acidic waste or contaminating material.

2. Known state of the art.

Various compositions have been known in the past to be used for cleaning up harmful organic waste materials. Some known literature references describe methods for neutralizing acid waste. Some references describe compositions for neutralizing and solidifying liquid waste, especially raw sewage. However, these known compositions and methods for neutralizing acid waste have certain drawbacks. US Patent 3,994,821 (Seidenberger) relates to the control and clean-up of waste containing mineral acid using a granular composition containing 36.5 to 47.5 wt. % ground marble flakes, about 35 to 45.5 wt. % granular caustic, about 16.5 to 21.5 wt. % granular magnesium oxide and about 0.008 to 0.012 wt. % of an appropriate normal solid pH-25 indicator. Ground marble flakes are composed of calcium carbonate. The granular composition for controlling this waste according to this patent is used to control and clean up substantially all of the fouling mineral acid by applying the granular or granular composition to the surface of the fouling material from the periphery of the contaminating material in an amount sufficient to absorb all the polluting acid. Although the waste is generally neutralized by these granular compositions, the acids with a high heat of neutralization cannot be completely neutralized, thus continuing the threat of threat. Furthermore, this method necessitates the application of the composition whereby the workers are exposed to the waste 87 2 02 4 2 -2-27038 / Vk / tj.

U.S. Patent 4,210,460 (Seidenberger) relates to a composition for controlling and cleaning up spilled or contaminated hydrogen fluoride. The composition can be in one of two forms, namely an aqueous solution and a powdered composition. The aqueous composition consists of about 20 to 29 wt. % calcium acetate and about 71-65 wt. % water. The powdered composition consists of about 99.90 to 99.99 wt. % powdered magnesium oxide and about 0.01 to 0.1 wt. % of a suitable normally fixed pH indicator for this purpose. The powdered magnesium oxide composition can be spread on the contaminating hydrogen fluoride. Due to the color change, the pH indicator will indicate when a virtually safe pH condition has been reached. This composition also has the disadvantages of less than total neutralization and the risk of being exposed to the waste.

U.S. Patent No. 4,207,116 (Been et al.) Describes a granular absorbent material composed of cement, an inorganic water absorbent swelling agent, sand or crushed stone, water and optionally dyes and other additives. The composition 20 is mixed to form a paste, the paste is cured and the cured material is dried and granulated. The cement hardens with the water and acts as a skeleton-forming substance which gives a hardness to the granulated material. The sand or ground stone acts as an inert additive to reduce the cost of the granulated material. The water-absorbing swelling agent, which can be a clay type, serves to support the absorption of liquids such as water, oil and to absorb odors. All kinds of clays can be used as inorganic swelling agents such as sepiolite, montmorillonite, kaolin, diatomaceous earth and concreteite. This composition is intended more for use in cat straw than for absorbing, neutralizing and solidifying harmful acid waste.

United States Patent 3,980,558 (Thompson) relates to a method of controlling liquid or semi-liquid waste containing soluble toxic materials containing the waste and a solidifying agent consisting of a hydraulic cement it will harden after storage to a stony solid consistency.

t8720242 -3- 27038 / Vk / tj

This prevents the waste from leaking out. The term "hydraulic cement" refers to all mixtures of lime, silicon oxide and aluminum oxide or of lime and magnesium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and iron oxide and other such mixtures of substances. A particularly preferred mixture is Portland cement type I. This patent discloses that the process of this invention is particularly useful in processing aqueous sludge-containing wastes from chemical processes to produce phosphoric acids, especially water-containing filter and sludges that normally contain high levels of arsenic and dissolved arsenic-10 compounds as well as hydrogen sulfide and other sulfur compounds. Although this composition contains and solidifies the waste, it is not necessarily a neutralizing composition. Furthermore, the solidification requires mixing with the waste materials. This is impractical when a fouling has occurred that is not suitable for mixing.

U.S. Patent 4,518,508 (Conner) describes a method of treating aqueous liquid and semi-liquid waste by solidifying it. The process of the present invention necessitates that a dry, water-reactive solidification agent containing cement, a dry, water-absorbent material and a powdered alkali metal silicate is sufficient to convert the mixture to a solid, chemical and physical stable consolidated product added to an aqueous liquid or to a semi-aqueous waste. The debris can be solidified and cured to form a synthetic stony material. This composition partially neutralizes the acid from the waste. However, it does not provide complete neutralization.

Another drawback is that it has to be mixed with the waste.

US Patent 4,547,290 (Pichat) describes a method for solidifying strongly acidic or alkaline liquid waste. According to this patent, clays can be used directly with highly acidic or highly alkaline aqueous waste materials to allow this waste to be converted into stable solid materials. According to the invention, a clayey material is dispersed in the waste by stirring and the waste is neutralized.

Then follows the addition of a hydraulic and / or calcium-containing binder. All kinds of fresh or dried clays can be added, 87: c. ·.

-4-27038 / Vk / tj suitable as pure clays, mixtures including attapulgite and metal carbonates. During neutralization, lime, ground limestone, calcium carbonate-containing waste, calcium silicate and / or aluminates can be added, especially to acidic waste. The third step of the method ensures that the material is able to solidify. Materials such as Portland cement can be added to the pasty mass that is formed. Again, this composition must be mixed to form a slurry to neutralize and solidify the waste, requiring close contact with the waste.

This method is therefore not practical when it is to be applied to acidic waste.

US Pat. No. 3,837,872 (Conner) describes an aqueous solution of an alkali metal silicate mixed with waste material and a silicate as a curing agent through which the silicate and waste material can react with each other. This invention particularly relates to the treatment of raw human waste. According to the invention, the waste is mixed with an alkali metal silicate such as sodium silicate which, in the presence of a silicate curing agent, causes the mixture to consolidate and solidify. The curing agents include acids or acidic materials that cause gelation of the silicate. Curing agents include Portland cement, lime, gypsum and calcium carbonate and aluminum, iron, magnesium, nickel, chromium, manganese or copper compounds. This method also has the drawback that close contact with the waste is required to solidify it, as well as an actual mixing to be performed. This method cannot be used for waste control.

U.S. Patent 4,297,304 (Scheffler et al.) Describes a method for solidifying strong and medium radioactive waste and / or actinide-containing aqueous waste concentrate 30 for fine granular solid waste suspended in water so that it cannot eventually become contaminating kept. The waste-containing concentrates or suspensions are cured by evaporation to form a product after evaporation with a water content between 40 and 80 wt. % and a solid content with a metal, iron and / or metal oxide component between 10 and 30 wt. % of the evaporated material. The clays include silica, alumina, and Portland ether. The metal oxides, 872 e-4 2 -5-27038 / Vk / tj, may include MgO. The pH of the evaporated material is then adjusted between 5 and 10 and mixed with a clay-like substance containing a small amount of cement or a mixture of a clayey substance with a small amount of cement containing an additive to reduce the volatility of suppress alkaline substances. Objects are then formed from the kneaded mass, which is heated, roasted and heated. The objects are then surrounded on all sides in a dense, continuous ceramic or metallic matrix. This method has no advantages when acid waste has to be processed because the composition has to be mixed with the waste to make it solid.

This shows that the known methods have several drawbacks when applied to noxious acidic waste materials. A composition which can neutralize different kinds of acids, which can be adjusted from a safe distance without danger to the people who have to clean up the waste, is not apparent from the known prior art.

Summary of the invention.

This invention is directed to new compositions and methods of using compositions to neutralize and solidify noxious organic waste so as to prevent the waste from spreading further during neutralization and solidification. The compositions and methods of this invention can be applied from a safe distance and limit the degree of neutralization. Thus, it becomes possible for virtually all waste to be reacted and neutralized.

The new compositions of the invention contain: about 0 to 80% alkaline earth metal oxide, about 0 to 30% alkali metal carbonate, about 0 to 10% highly absorbent silica or clay, about 5 to 30% less absorbent clay, about 0.5 to 2% 30 hydrophobic lubricant and about 10 to 50% Portland cement.

The alkaline earth metal oxides that can be used in the compositions of the invention include, for example, magnesium oxide and calcium oxide. These compounds serve as neutralizing agents for the harmful acidic waste to be treated.

Portland cement is a form of magnesium oxide, which is highly reactive and serves to neutralize the acidic components in the harmful acid waste S 8 7 i-l'i - -6-27038 / Vk / tj. For example, it can neutralize less reactive acids.

The alkali metal carbonate compounds used in the compositions of this invention also act as neutralizing agents. Potassium carbonate and sodium carbonate are preferably used. These compounds also act as solubilizers to maintain the solubility of the neutralizing bases. Bicarbonates and sesquicarbonates can also be used for these purposes in the composition.

Highly absorbent silicon oxides or clays such as calcium silicate are used in the compositions of the invention as fibrous absorbents. Calcium silicate absorbs a considerable amount of liquid compared to its own weight. Silicon oxides and clays can also be used as absorbents.

These absorbents serve to support the neutralization reaction by absorbing a certain amount of the less acidic materials during neutralization. This allows the water from the neutralization to continue the neutralization reaction to the end, therefore virtually all the acid will be neutralized and solidified instead of only the most reactive acids.

Other absorbent clays having a lower absorption rate than the group to which calcium silicate belongs, such as attapul gas clay, are also preferably used in the compositions of this invention. Fuller earth and perlite are other examples of less absorbent clays.

By varying the absorption rates as a result of the different clays present in the composition, the neutralization rate of the unabsorbed acids can be increased. When the more reactive acids are neutralized and the products are absorbed, the less reactive acids will desorb and react with the residual base. This allows the neutralization reaction to be carried out continuously until complete without reaching equilibrium. This is due to the variable availability of the reactants.

A small amount of hydrophobic lubricant such as magnesium stearate, sodium or aluminum stearates, tricalcium phosphate, octoates and * 87 2 02 4 2 -7- 27038 / Vk / tj, such may be added to the compositions to aid particulate formation of the free-flowing composition . The lubricant works as such by giving the particles a hydrophobic character and preventing them from sticking together.

The compositions of this invention contain different alkaline materials with varying degrees of reactivity such as magnesium oxide. This allows for a controlled and complete neutralization reaction. This also allows the compositions of the invention to be used to neutralize a large number of acids, each of which requires a different amount of energy for the neutralization. Using the compositions of this invention, reactive acids will be quickly neutralized so that a heat of neutralization can be developed which in turn promotes neutralization of the less reactive materials. The presence of magnesium oxides with varying degrees of reactivity allows this to take place gradually.

An example of a preferred composition according to the invention is the following: 73.79% MgO, 5% ^ 200 ^, 10% CaO, 5.5% attapulgas clay, 5.12% calcium silicate and 0.5% magnesium stearate.

Of this composition, 45.25 pounds can neutralize an amount of sulfuric acid from 2.95 gallons and raise the pH to 7.30. Also, this composition can neutralize hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric, perchloric acid, acetic acid and hydrogen fluoride inter alia.

The compositions of this invention are preferably applied to noxious waste materials using a vessel resembling a fire extinguisher. They are preferably applied in the dry form in which they are stored. They can be stored under pressure in a sealed vessel until applied and / or the pressure can be added through an external gas using an external cartridge 30 that releases gas.

The particle size distribution of the compositions of this invention allows them to be applied to the waste in a "soft" pattern, namely relatively dispersed to cover the waste as it spreads without dispersing it. waste splashes and poses a danger to the people who carry out the method. The compositions must be from a distance of. 8 7 i-, ... l -8- 27038 / Vk / tj approximately 10 to 15 feet. The velocity at the nozzle should be between about 30 and 50 feet / second. In order to achieve this speed, the particles must have a size distribution between about -40 and +200 Tyler screen size.

The particulate compositions of this invention can be applied using a gaseous nitrogen stream.

The particular size distribution will virtually ensure the desired flow rate and application pattern.

The manner of application in the method according to the invention 10 enables the control and neutralization of harmful waste materials from a distance without spattering of the harmful materials during neutralization.

The compositions and methods of this invention will be further illustrated by the following examples.

It will be clear that these should not be construed as limiting but only to further illustrate the scope of the invention.

Examples.

The following compositions were prepared and tested to determine their suitability in the method of the invention in the following manner.

Substantially two gallons (gal.) Of acid were mixed with approximately 26-30 pounds (lb) of the composition. The composition / acid mixture was then mixed to allow the neutralization reaction to take place. Ten grams of the mixture was diluted with 100 ml of deionized water. The pH was measured.

Compositions A-R as indicated below were tested in this manner. Compositions A-R are described based on the weight percent of each element. The designation 20x100 represents the distribution of the particle size of MgO in accordance with "Fine Grade-100". The term "attaklei" refers to attapulgus clay. Silanox is a silicone-containing material available from Cabot Co., Boston, Mass.

The results of the experiments are shown in Table A.

From the left, given the number of the example, Table A shows the amount of acid to be neutralized, the amount of acid to be neutralized, the initial weight of the composition before it is fed (in lbs.-. 8720242-9- 27038 / Vk / tj OZS .), the final weight of the composition actually discharged (in Ibs.-OZS.), the percentage composition actually discharged, the starting pH and the final pH of the mixture of the composition / acid and the observations related to the test itself.

The percentage of the composition discarded indicates the ability of the composition to be effectively dispersed on the waste material. The difference in pH of the initial reading and the final reading indicates the ability of the composition to neutralize the waste. Table A indicates that the compositions of the invention have excellent ability to absorb and neutralize the acidic waste. They are also easy to disperse over the waste from a distance.

COMPOSITIONS.

Composition A: 73.39 MgO (20x100)

15 10.00 CaO

5.00 Na2C0j (closed) 5.21 CaSi03 5.50 attaklei coarse 0.50 magnesium stearate 20

Composition B: 73.79 MgO (20x100)

10.00 CaO

10.00 Na 2 CO 5 5.71 CaSiO 3 25 0.50 magnesium stearate

Composition C: 65.00 MgO (20x100) 5.00 MgO (10-40)

15.26 CaO

5.00 Na2 CO3 dense 4.00 attaklei coarse; 5.21 CaSiO 3 0.50 magnesium stearate

Composition D: 62.50 MgO (20x100) 10.00 Mg Chem (10-49)

35 10.26 CaO

5.00 Na2C03-dense 4.03 attaklei-coarse 7.71 CaSiO, 87 Π ri 9 -3 / ύ v & 0.50 magnesium stearate -10-27038 / Vk / 1 y

Composition E: 73.79 MgO (20x100)

10.00 CaO

5.00 Na ^ CO ^ tight 5.50 attaklei 5 5.21 CaSiO3 0.50 magnesium stearate

Composition F: 39.00 MgO (20x100) 39.00 MgO- (Fine Grade-100) 10 9.00 Na2CO3 ~ dense 10.00 attaklei coarse 3.00 magnesium stearate

Composition G: 79.00 MgO (20x100)

15 10.00 CaO

10.00 attaklei coarse 1.00 tricalcium phosphate

Composition H: 39.00 MgO (20x100) 20 39.00 MgO (Fine Grade-100) 9.00 Na ^ COj-dense 10.00 Attaklei coarse 3.00 Tricalcium phosphate 25 Composition I: 39.50 MgO (20x100) 39.50 MgO (Fine Grade-100)

10.00 CaO

5.00 Na ^ CO ^ -proof 5.50 attaklei coarse 30 0.50 magnesium stearate

Composition K: 36.00 MgO (20x100) 36.00 MgO (Fine Grade-100) 20.00 Na ^ CO ^ -proof 35 5.00 attaklei coarse 3.00 tricalcium phosphate. 87 L,.

-11- 27038 / Vk / tj

Composition L: 36.00 MgO (20x100) 36.00 MgO (Fine Grade-100)

5.00 CaO

10.00 Na ^ CO ^^ icht 5 10.00 attaklei coarse 2.50 tricalcium phosphate 0.50 Silanox

Composition M: 39.50 MgO (20x100) 10 39.50 MgO (Fine Grade-100)

8.00 CaO

5.00 NagCO ^ -proof 5.00 attaklei coarse 3.00 tricalcium phosphate 15 0.50 Silanox

Composition N: 49.00 MgO (20x100) 29.00 MgO (Fine Grade-100) 9.00 Na ^ CO ^ closed 20 10.00 attaklei coarse 3.00 magnesium stearate

Composition P: 36.50 MgO (20x100) 36.50 MgO (Fine Grade-100)

5.00 CaO

9.00 NagCO ^ -proof 12.50 attaklei coarse 0.50 magnesium stearate 30 Composition Q: 36.50 MgO (20x100) 36.50 MgO (Fine Grade-100)

5.00 CaO

9.00 Na2C02 ~ closed 12.50 attaklei coarse 35 0.50 magnesium stearate, 8720242 -12- 27038 / Vk / tj

Composition R: 31.50 MgO (20x100) 31.50 MgO (Fine Grade-100)

4.00 CaO

7.50 Na ^ CO ^ -proof 5 25.00 attaklei coarse 0.50 magnesium stearate -TABLE A-. 87 f. C? 4 2 -13- 27038 / Vk / tj

TABLE A

pre-acidic amount drain drain pH (i) pHCf) observations

image weight weight X

I A H, SO4 2 gal. 26-3 26-3 97.0 0.99 8.85 very hard 11 A H, SO. 2 gal. 27-0 26-9 98.4 0.86 8.57 hard after stirring 5 minutes after application III B H, S0. 2 gal. 30-0 28-7 94.8 0.82 9.26 'Sensible' 'remained in vessel but absorbed after stirring IV C H2SO2 gal. 30-0 29-9 98.5 0.98 9.26 absorbed with stirring V D H 2 SO 4 2 gal. 22-14 21-12 95.1 0.31 8.34 bulk of liquid remained VI A h, SO 4 2 gal. 24-1 23-9 97.9 0.52 8.82 9 ° ed solid VI1 E «Cl 2.5 gal | 25.0 24-12 99.0 6.00 8.81 semi-solid; 1 "cures in 12 hours; can be scooped VIII E HCl 2 gal. 29-0 27-14 96.1 9.39 9.46 absorbed with stirring IX E HCl 2 gal. 27-0 26-5 97.4 8.90 9.14 weakly hardened X E H2 SO4 2 gal. 29-0 27-10 95.3 0.52 9.35 good XI E HjSO * 2 gal. 29-12 29-4 98.3 0.52 9.07 granular material XII E H3PO4 2 gal. 29-0 28-6 97.9 5.02 7.87 easy to absorb XIII G H3PO4 2 gal. 30-0 28-4 94.2 4.79 5.59 some liquid remained reasonable after mixing reasonable XIV H H, SO 4 2 gal. 28-0 26-11 95.3 1.57 9.36 absorption with good solid material XV H HCl 2 gal. 27-12 25-15 93.5 9.03 9.08 soup-like '' but cures within 24 hours XVI H H3PO4 2 gal. 28-8 27-4 95.6 4.96 6.74 good XVII H, HNOj 2 gal. 28-0 26-4 93.8 9.16 9.37 good XVIII H ^ 00 ”2 gal. 26-0 24-14 95.7 4.39 9.60 9ood XIX H CHjCOOH 2 gal. 28-0 26-10 95.1 5.84 9.32 9ood with „HCIO. 2 gal. 28-0 26-8 94.6 5.97 9.30 good XX H 1 XXII H, S0 2 gal. 29-0 26-14 92.7 1.05 9.43 9oed XXII H HCIO * 2 gal. 26-0 24-8 94.23 8.23 8.90 exquisite _ absorbed XXIII I HCl 2 9 * 1 · 30 "° 28-16 95'4 9'08 9'n when mixed XXIV I H3PO4 2 gal. 30-0 28-6 94.6 5.27 7.36 absorbed on mixing, 87: .0242 -14- 27038 / Vk / tj TABLE A continued acid acid amount drain drain pH (i) pH (f) observations image weight weight% XXV I HN03 2 gal. 30-0 30-10 95.4 9.14 9.29 mild reaction; good solid XXVI I CHjCOOH 2 gal. 30-0 20-6 94.6 9.62 9/72 very good absorption and reaction XXVIII ^ 2 e · 1 * ^ 2fWJ 95r ° 5/23 ° »55 some post-reaction when mixed XXVIII I HC10« 2 gal. 30-0 28-2 93.8 8.48 9.06 very good absorption XXIX H H, SO4 2 gal. 28-0 20 71.4 0.06 8.76 weak XXX H H2S0 2 gal. 28-0 26-4 93.8 1.30 9.39 9ood XXXI Η I HCl 2 gal. 28-0 26-0 92.9 9.05 9.17 soupy XXXII Η H3PO4 2 gal. 28-0 26-8 94.6 5.06 8.83 good XXXIII H HlS0 <2 gal. 26-8 26-0 96.2 1.35 1.19 9 ° ed XXXIV H h 2 SO 4 2 gal. 28-0 26-7 94.4 1.01 9.47 good absorption with high reactivity XXXV H «Cl 2 gal. 28-0 25-8 91.1 8.81 9.18 good reaction XXXVI H H3P0 2 gal. 28-0 26-6 94.2 5.10 8.74 good absorption with mixing XXXVII K HjSO 2 2 gal. 28-0 26-2 93.3 1.10 9.30 good reaction characteristics XXXVIII K H, SO4 2 gal. 28-0 26-4 93.8 8.83 9.27 soupy XXXIX K H3P0 2 gal. 28-0 25-11 91.8 5.19 9.05 9ood XXXX H „NO, 2 gal. 28-0 22-0 78.6 9.19 9.40 first osting fluid XXXXI H CH3C00H 2 gal. 28-0 26-8 94.6 5.84 9.34 very fast reaction XXXXII H HC00H 2 gal. 28-0 26-4 93; 8 4.96 9.44 all liquid absorbed XXXXIII H HCIO4 2 gal. 28-0 27-1 96.4 2.60 9.01 any liquid left XXXXIV L H3S0 2 gal. 28-0 27-1 96.6 1.23 9.31 liquid remained unsatisfactory after discharge silanox XXXXV L HCl 2 gal. 28-0 26-5 94.0 9.09 9.32 good reaction and absorption after 5 minutes XXXXVI L H3W4 2 gal. 28-0 26-16 95.1 5.13 7.69 mild reaction silanox inhibits absorption XXXXVII L HISO 2 2 gal. 30-0 28-11 95.6 1.36 9.12 very mild reaction 4 8 7 c! ^ z -15- 27038 / Vk / tj TABLE A continued acid acid amount drain drain pHCi5 pH (f) observations image weight weight% 5 XLVIII I HCl 2 gal. 30-0 28-10 95.4 9.21 9.44 slow reaction and absorption XLIX M HCl 2 9 * 1. 28-0 26-10 95.0 9.21 9.28 ^ Seristic? LNH, S0 2 gal. 28-0 26-15 96.2 1.25 9.48 9ood LI N HCI 2 gal 28- 0 26-7 94.4 8.90 8.97 soup, 9 1Q LIIP H.SOa 2 gal 3M 28-13 96.0 1.26 9.59 faster reaction LUI P KI 2 gal 30-0 28- 10 95.4 9.29 9.41 We LIV Q h3P0 2 gal 30-0 28-11 95.6 6.87 8.78 good absorption LV Q ΗΝ0 2 gal 30-0 29-1 96. 9 9.06 9.01 mild to moderate reaction LVI Q CH3C00H 2 gal. 30-0 29-0 96.7 9.10 9.99 9 ° ed absorption, VII Q HCOOH 2 gal. 30-0 28-7 94.8 4.51 9.49 15 _. «« Very good LVIII Q HCL0 «2 gal. 30-0 28-0 93.3 8.85 9.26 absorption mild LIX R HCI 2.5 gal. 28-4 24-13 87.8 9.13 9.44 ”^ * ^ Jivende 20 The distributions of the sieve sample for the different compositions are listed in Table B. The distributions may vary slightly in accordance with the given example The composition is shown on the left The "bulk" column indicates the average size of the particles. The "sieve" columns indicate the size of the sieve used to measure the distribution of the particles.

TABLE B

composition bulk 20 40 100 200 335 pan H 105 1.5 30.6 51.6 10.9 3.6 1.9 30 I 99 1.4 26.9 45.6 8.8 3.0 13.9 M 106 track 23.4 45.0 11.5 10.4 9.4 * 87 2 0 114 *

Claims (9)

A composition for neutralizing and solidifying harmful acid waste, characterized in that this composition consists of 1 to 80% alkaline earth metal oxide, 0 to 30% alkali metal carbonate, 5. to 10% highly absorbent silica or clay, 5 to 30 % less absorbent clay, 0.5 to 2% hydrophobic lubricant and 0 to 50% Portland cement. 2. A composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, sodium carbonate, attapul gas clay, calcium silicate and magnesium stearate. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnesium oxide is present in coarse and fine form. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises about 74% magnesium oxide, about 10% calcium oxide, about 5% sodium carbonate, about 5% calcium silicate, about 6.5% attapulgas clay and about 0.50% magnesium stearate contains. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises about 31 to about 39% coarse MgO, about 31 to about 39% fine MgO, between about 5 and about 9% sodium silicate, between about 20. and about 10% attapulgas clay and contains between about 1 and about 3% tricalcium phosphate. The composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains about 31.5% coarse MgO, about 31.5% fine MgO, about 4% CaO, about 7.5% ^ 2 ^, about 25% attapulgas clay and about 0 .5% magnesium sterate. 7. Method for neutralizing and solidifying harmful acid waste, characterized in that a composition is applied to the waste, which composition consists of about 0 to 80% alkaline earth metal oxide, 0 to 30% alkali metal oxide, 0 to 10% 30 highly absorbent silica or clay, 5 to 30% less absorbent clay, 0.5 to 2% hydrophobic lubricant and 0 to 50% Portland cement, causing application of neutralization and solidification. 8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the application is carried out by supplying the composition to the waste material under pressure of gaseous nitrogen as a propellant using an apparatus resembling a fire extinguisher. > 8 7 a * l -17- 27038 / Vk / tj Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that it is in the form of dry particles with a size distribution between about -40 and +200 Tyler screen size. .872 02 4¾