NL8003441A - Weaving unsized staple fibre yarns as warp - by swelling with water at the beam and maintaining humidity - Google Patents

Abstract

The fibres of ends of staple fibre yarn in the unsized condition are caused to swell, so that the yarn can be used as warp threads; and the fibres are maintained in this condition during the weaving process. Pref. the process is applied to making staple fibre yarn wearable as warp, for all types of looms, but esp. it applied to the yarn in water jet looms. To make possible the weaving of staple fibre yarns without their being sized, so that all the inconveniences of extra operations together with the need for large amts. of water followed by energy outlay for drying, are eliminated. In the swollen condition, the tensile strength, the stretch and the resistance to wear of the yarns is improved.

Description

- "1- ΚΕΤΤΙ YARN.

The invention relates to a method for making non-woven, single staple fiber yarns woven as warp yarns.

During weaving, a warp yarn is exposed on the one hand to a combination of static and dynamic loads, inter alia by striking the weaving reed on the formed cloth edge, while on the other hand the yarns and the reed rods and the heddles have a frictional (abrasive) effect thereon exerted.

In order to be able to process single-spun staple fiber yarn as warp yarn in the weaving mill, it is generally customary that these yarns 10 are reinforced: that is, they are provided with an adhesive usually based on starch, p.a. or c.m.c.

This known method has a number of drawbacks. After the tissue has finished, the sizing must e.g. are removed from the woven cloth by enzymatic degradation and washing and then form an important part of the total water pollution of the textile industry, but moreover this requires the use of relatively much clean water. Also, drying the yarn after sizing, which in itself forms an additional operation, and of the cloth after washing out the sizing requires a lot of energy.

A further drawback is that by stretching the elongation of the reinforced yarn is reduced to about half of the elongation originally present in the unreinforced yarn. In the imposed length changes of the yarn during weaving e.g. upon opening the compartment and upon striking the weaving reed, this increases the stresses occurring in the yarn 25, thereby increasing the chance of thread breaks occurring and increasing the shrinkage introduced latently into the fabric.

Weaving with a reinforced warp beam furthermore necessitates that this operation must be carried out in an air-conditioned room, in particular keeping the moisture content of the surrounding air at an appropriate level.

The weaving mills also experience a lot of nuisance from the dust, which is created there by the weaving and which, besides fiber, consists for the most part of strong particles. The nuisance of this is counteracted by means of suction directions. However, in order to achieve a dust removal that is necessary for the quality of the fabric 80034 41 - 2 - and for the health of the personnel working in the weaving mill, extraction installations are required whose engine power is greater than that of the existing production machines.

The object of the invention is to provide a method for making a single staple fiber yarn woven as warp yarn, in which the described disadvantages and drawbacks are not experienced or are encountered to a much lesser extent.

To this end, the method according to the invention is characterized in that the fibers of an unreinforced staple fiber yarn are brought into a swollen state and are kept in this swollen state during the passage from the ironing beam up to the reaching of the cloth edge, as it passes through the the weaving reed is formed.

It has been found that the swelling of the fibers in the staple fiber yarn fully takes over the function of the staple in weaving the single staple fiber yarn and, in particular, increases the abrasion resistance of the yarn such that it swells in these condition can be processed as warp yarn without further additives. The elongation and strength of the puffy fiber staple fiber yarn is generally significantly greater than that of the original non-swollen fiber yarn; dust formation during weaving is completely suppressed; air-conditioning of the weaving hall is unnecessary; environmental pollution is avoided; a significant energy saving is achieved.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing, which schematically shows an embodiment of an apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention. The given embodiment relates to a cotton and / or cotton blending yarn with other staple fibers, the cotton being the fiber being swollen.

The warp yarns are passed directly from the warp beam (1) through a bath (2) in which in this case there is water with a humidifier, the latter of which ensures rapid absorption of the water as swelling agent.

The time that the warp yarn remains in the bath can be adjusted as required by adjusting the position of the shaft (3) in height. The excess amount of liquid is returned to the bath (2) through the boom (4).

Depending on the weaving speed, the climatic conditions of the surrounding air and the movement of the yarn, this loses 800 3441 *> £ - 3 - during the passage from the ironing beam (4) to the cloth beam (5) by drying part of the amount of liquid absorbed.

In order to ensure that the fibers remain sufficiently swollen and in this case continue to contain sufficient water, it is possible by means of e.g. atomizers (6) to maintain the moisture content of the fibers at the desired level. An example (6) is given in the schematic drawing. The frequency and spray time of the atomizers can be adjusted as required by a simple control mechanism.

Using the described apparatus, the following results were achieved by the examples given below.

EXAMPLE 1

A single cotton fiber yarn (40 tex) was passed through the fluid bath (2) at a rate of 10 cm per minute, allowing it to absorb sufficient swelling liquid for about 2 minutes. The yarn thus treated was then subjected to a comparative laboratory test.

The untreated yarn, the puffy yarn and the reinforced yarn were successively measured for tensile strength, elongation at break and 20 V.I. wear value.

The V.I. wear number has been determined according to the method described by ir. K. van Harten and ir. N.J. Faassen in "Transactions of the General Textile Institute 57 (1966) T 275".

The wear resistance determined according to this method is a measure of the wear actually occurring during weaving.

Table A shows the results obtained.

TABLE A

Cotton yarn Tensile strength Elongation at break Wear value 1/40 Tex cN / Tex in% (median) 30 untreated 10.4 8.5 360 swollen 13 »2 10.4 4000 reinforced 11.8 5» 0 1750 ftflfl Xi 41 - k - EXAMPLE 2

A cotton / polyester blending yarn (42 tex) in the composition of 50¾ cotton, 50 werd polyester was passed through the fluid bath (2) at a rate of about 10 cm per minute, allowing the cotton component 5 to swell for about 2 minutes. liquid.

The tensile strength, elongation at break and wear value were determined on the yarns thus treated in comparison with the untreated yarn. The results are shown in Table B.

10 TABLE B

Cotton / polyester- Tensile strength Elongation at break Yarn wear value 50/50; 42 Tex cN / Tex in ¾ (median) original 11.9 10.0 225 yarn 15 wet-swollen 14.7 11.7 4500 yarn EXAMPLE 3

The results of the laboratory tests reported in Examples 1 and 2 demonstrate the principle of interwovenability of a swollen staple fiber yarn. A necessary condition is fulfilled here.

However, this is not yet sufficient to ensure good weaving machine efficiency when applying the new method.

Laboratory testing is generally based on a limited amount of yarn, with no assurance that the rare variations in the yarn are accounted for.

As a verifying closing piece, a technical weaving test was carried out with an unreinforced single cotton yarn on an existing shuttle loom, adapted in accordance with the schematic drawing. The fabric to be manufactured was selected (yarn 42 x 42 tex; 27 x 22.5 dr / cm) so that relatively high demands were made on the weaveability of the warp yarn.

In a long weaving test, the average warp thread breakage figure was determined to be 1.8 breakage per 1000 warp threads / 10 weft threads, which figure can be qualified as very satisfactory.

80034 41

Claims (2)

A method for making staple fiber yarn woven as warp yarn, characterized in that in the unreinforced yarn the fibers are brought into a swollen state and kept in this state during the weaving process. 5 2. Method for making staple fiber yarn woven as warp yarn as claimed in claim 1 and applying it to all types of looms, but preferably to water jet looms. enn 3 4 41