NL7909338A - Apparatus for transferring heat by means of hollow wires and hollow wires to be used therefor. - Google Patents

Description

* 5 t AGW 1861

Apparatus for transferring heat by means of hollow wires and hollow wires to be used therefor.

The invention relates to a device for transferring heat by means of hollow wires and to hollow wires to be used therefor.

Hollow wire heat exchangers, also known as hollow fibers, are known in which the hollow wires are arranged in straight lines and parallel at a certain distance from each other.

Thin-walled hollow wires and their manufacture have previously been proposed.

For the purposes of the present invention, "thin-walled hollow wire" is understood to be a hollow cylindrical body of arbitrary length with, for example, a circular or elliptical cross-section, the wall thickness of which is substantially constant along its length and circumference and is less than about 15 % of the largest outer dimension of the cross section of the wire. With a circular cross-section, the largest external dimension corresponds to the outer diameter, while with an elliptical cross-section, the long axis determines the largest external diameter.

The thin-walled hollow wires according to the invention have a higher strength compared to the known thin-walled hollow wires, but nevertheless exhibit a large through-flow opening in the cross-section and a well-closed, i.e. intact wall. The hollow wires according to the invention are characterized in that they have a flow-through opening of 30 to 95% of the total cross-section and an elongation at break of less than 100%. Preference is given here to hollow wires with a flow-through opening of 60 to 95% of the total cross-section.

The thin-walled hollow wires can be obtained from all conventional melt-spinnable polymers. Particularly suitable for their use properties are, for example, polyamides, in particular polycaprolactam and polyhexamethylene adipamide polyesters, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polyolefins, in particular polyethylene and polypropylene; as well as polyvinyl chloride.

Due to their chemical resistance to, for example, foodstuffs / carbonated liquids and the like, polyesters, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, are particularly preferred. If, in addition to the chemical resistance, good temperature resistance is also desired, preference is given to hollow wires made of polyol-5-finens, in particular of polypropylene.

If higher strength is desired, the hollow threads are made from polyamides, especially from hexamethylene adipamide.

Stabilizers such as carbon black, pore-forming substances and other auxiliary substances can be added to the polymers.

10 The entire wires usually have a wall that does not allow liquids to pass through. However, it is advantageous for use as a filter element if the thin-walled hollow wires have a microporous wall.

The production of such thin-walled hollow wires as described above takes place by melt-spinning synthetic polymers according to a method characterized in that the draw-off speed is more than 3500 m / min. Preference is given here to draw-off speeds between 5000 and 7000 m / min. Namely, at these draw-off speeds, the thin-walled hollow threads exhibit strengths which could otherwise only be obtained by an additional and difficult to perform post-stretching.

In order to avoid large spinning heights (distance between spinneret subtractor), it has been proposed to use the phenomenon of natural wire deflection. This phenomenon generally occurs in melt spinning synthetic polymer threads spaced to a greater or lesser distance from the spinneret when the puller usually located perpendicularly below the spinneret is laterally moved out of its normal position. This is evident when, for example, a polyester monofilament with a final titer of 100 dtex is subtracted at 3700 m / min and the stripper (quick-spin winding device or 3q wire injector), which is initially perpendicular to the spinneret, is gradually removed in a horizontal direction. and, if necessary, simultaneously raise it in the vertical direction.

7909338-3 - $ 4

Despite the changed position of the pull-off member, the wire continues to move vertically downwards under the spinneret over a certain length and then bend in the direction of the pull-off member. This "natural" thread deflection, which adjusts without additional mechanical thread guides, is only a few centimeters long and does not significantly change its position, even when the position of the stripper is clearly changed.

In contrast, the location of the natural yarn deflection can be varied by changing the spinning conditions; thus this place moves away from the spinneret as the melt supply is increased. Said phenomenon also occurs in the melt spinning of thin-walled hollow wires.

With the aid of this phenomenon, the spin height can be kept low by laterally pulling away the stripper while maintaining the cooling zone required for the cooling of the freshly spun threads.

As previously suggested, the distance from the pull-off member to the zone of the natural wire deflection is increased. If chosen to be large, the hollow wire is post-stretched to two to three times its original length.

Although it is not possible, the rapidly spun thin-walled hollow wire within the zone of the natural wire deflection along mecha. bending, i.e. by deflecting by a deflector, deflection can be achieved by arranging a retaining plate perpendicularly below the spinneret, bringing the region of the natural wire deflection closer to the spinneret. The zone of the natural wire deflection can also be situated in a cooling liquid, whereby for instance a small water gutter can be provided instead of the said baffle plate.

In order to obtain stable hollow wires with large outer dimensions and very small wall thicknesses, as previously suggested, when leaving the spinneret, a cavity-forming fluid, in particular a gas, is blown into the hollow wire.

Such quick-spun thin-walled hollow wires are suitable for use as heat exchangers, for example, generally having a circular cross-section and an outside diameter of about 40 to 1000 µm or more, at wall thicknesses of about 5 µm. up to 50 ym or more.

The object of the present invention is to improve the known hollow wire heat exchangers in terms of both their heat transfer capacity and their use properties and to provide a heat transfer device which can be manufactured in a simple and rapid manner and which does not have the drawbacks of the known exhibits hollow wire heat exchangers.

According to the invention this object is achieved on the one hand by making use of the flexibility of the thin-walled hollow wires in the construction of the device and on the other hand by a special embodiment of the thin-walled hollow wires, wherein the heat conduction and / or the heat transmission is increases.

The device according to the invention for transferring heat by means of hollow wires is characterized in that the hollow wires are thin-walled hollow wires of a melt-spun processable synthetic polymer, the throughflow opening of which amounts to 20 to 95% of the total cross-section and the elongation at break is less than 100%.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention, each thin-walled hollow wire is arranged over the major part of its length, and preferably over its entire length, in the form of regular and / or irregular loops. Such a heat transfer device made of thin-walled hollow wires has a greater mechanical strength, so that it guarantees an undiminished heat transfer capacity even after longer use.

This embodiment of the device according to the invention does not show the drawbacks of the known hollow wires heat exchangers in which the hollow wires are arranged parallel to each other in a straight distance in a straight line. This known method of application, which is also common in heat exchangers from bundles of metal pipes, makes the production of such heat exchangers difficult and expensive. Moreover, in that known manner of applying the hollow wires, the bundle of hollow wires can already be damaged by outside mechanical effects, for example kinked.

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The loop-shaped or partially loop-shaped manner of applying the thin-walled hollow wires in a device according to the invention, which for the sake of simplicity is also referred to as a "heat exchanger". According to the invention, IQ is obtained in a simple manner by means of one or more endless thin-walled hollow wires by means of winding a winding or winding device with one or more thread guides reciprocated parallel to the axis of rotation of the reel device, for example on a perforated tubular reel support 15 (also called sleeve or reel) and in this way form one or more layers of existing coil or winding body.

This method of application is particularly advantageous since the thin-walled hollow wires in the ready-to-use state of the device herein take the form of a spatially extending helix, wherein the thin-walled hollow wires are advantageously divided into several layers in order to obtain an easily flowable and also form-resistant coil package. layers are applied such that the thin-walled. hollow wires of each layer touch the thin-walled hollow wires of the adjacent layers and cross, if necessary several times. This manner of applying the hollow wires ensures a large heat transfer surface within a small space since, although the thin-walled hollow wires touch at the intersections, only a small part of the heat transfer surface is lost.

3q The carrier element of the reel or winding body need not necessarily have a circular cross-section. The latter can for instance also be designed as a polygon, in particular as a rectangle with rounded corners. Likewise, the carrier element used for the manufacture of the reel or winding body can have a cross-section increasing or decreasing along its longitudinal axis. For example, a lateral surface can be conical, diabolic, like a truncated pyramid with rounded sides, barrel-shaped, etc., such that the thin-walled hollow wires wound on the carrier element thus formed generally have a shape with this carrier element. corresponding coil or winding body.

In another embodiment of the device according to the invention, the thin-walled hollow wires are in the form of a single-plane spiral.

However, the heat exchanger according to the invention can also be formed from one or more planar products, for example fabrics, knits, fleeces, etc., which have been produced by weaving, knitting or a special method of depositing. Such flat products, like the spool or winding bodies, can be obtained in a quick and simple manner.

In order to obtain a heat exchanger according to the invention from a coil or winding body, an extension piece of a curable material such as polyurethane casting resin, etc. can be cast at both ends of this body over a short part of its length. the casting mass penetrates completely over the said part into the wrapping body and optionally forms a flange-like edge outside the wrapping body which has a larger circumference than the wrapping body itself. However, such a flange-shaped extension piece can also be arranged at only one of the two ends of the winding body. By removing a portion from each of these flange-shaped attachments up to the area of the thin-walled hollow wires, the arcuate reversal points located at the ends of the winding body are also removed, and a body is obtained from the original winding body which consists of a plurality of multilayer spiral filaments and mutually intersecting hollow filaments, the apertures of which open to the generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the winding body the remaining portion 35 of each of the flange-shaped casting described above 7909338 * t - 7 - attachments.

In order to obtain a heat exchanger according to the invention from flat-shaped products, one or more edges of the possibly also superimposed flat-shaped products can be cast in a suitable manner, for example with casting resin, and the openings of the thin hollow wires can then be similar manner as described above for coil or winding bodies are released.

By properly winding, depositing or otherwise applying the thin hollow wires and cutting the wire package accordingly, it is possible to obtain a heat exchanger according to the invention in which the inlet and outlet openings of the thin hollow wires are in one and the same flat, but for example each time displaced 180 ° relative to each other and / or 15 ° P always the same or different distances from each other, in such a way that all inlet openings lie in one half of this plane and all outlet openings lie in the other part of this plane.

It is also possible to produce a heat exchanger according to the invention, which makes it possible to allow any number of fluids to participate in the heat transfer without mixing of the individual fluids.

A heat exchanger according to the invention formed from a coil or winding body can for instance be designed such that the inlet and outlet openings for a first fluid at one end of the heat exchanger and those for a second fluid at the other end of the heat exchanger lie.

According to the invention, for the production of a plurality of smaller heat exchangers, it is possible to divide the coil or winding bodies or flat products intended for the formation of the heat exchangers into units of tapes, discs, etc. of the desired size, the thin hollow wires being the parts thus obtained are expediently fixed, for example, as already indicated, by casting using casting resin, in a specific shape and position, and thus their openings are easily separated by division can be made.

In the context of the present invention, it is also possible to embed the thin hollow wires in a good thermally conductive material by casting in order to transfer heat from a fluid to said good thermally conductive material or vice versa. A heat exchanger according to the invention designed in this way, which in addition also has, for example, two separate circuits for two fluids to be kept separate, makes it possible, in the example of IQ, to first transfer heat from the first fluid to the thermally conductive casting body and hence to deliver to the second fluid. It is also possible by means of such a heat exchanger to transfer the heat absorbed, for example, by radiation by the thermally conductive casting body to two fluids simultaneously.

The heat exchanger according to the invention lends itself to solving the most complex heat transfer problems, such as those which can occur, for example, during evaporation or condensation. In particular, the heat exchanger according to the invention can be used anywhere where energy recovery can only utilize relatively small temperature differences, which necessarily require large heat transfer surfaces, which must of course be accommodated in the smallest possible space.

Due to the good corrosion resistance of the thin hollow wires usable for the production of the heat exchanger according to the invention, the heat exchanger according to the invention is particularly suitable for aggressive media such as acids, alkalis, etc.

By properly selecting the applicable thin hollow wires, it is possible, because of the known various surface properties thereof, to use the heat exchanger according to the invention also for fluids which tend to form deposits on the conventional metal tube heat exchangers. pipe walls.

The heat exchanger according to the invention is therefore also suitable 7909338

Jf% - 9 - for use in chemical processes, in energy production or transformation, in refrigeration and conditioning technology, in the food industry, in the heating of living and working areas, in land, water and air vehicles, in particular as an oil cooler, as a water cooler for the removal of engine heat or for heating the fresh air supplied to the interior of the vehicle, as a condenser and as an evaporator, in particular also as a relaxation evaporator. In particular, the heat exchanger according to the invention is suitable for heat pump devices in which, for example, heat from the ambient air or from the ground is used for the heating of living spaces or as a heat heat collector, in which in particular those embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invention have proved to be suitable. the thin hollow wires being arranged in only one layer and being black.

The heat exchanger according to the invention is therefore suitable for solving most heat transfer problems, ie in the transfer of heat from gaseous to gaseous fluids, from liquid to gaseous fluids, from liquid to gaseous fluids and vice versa, and from solids to gaseous and / or gaseous fluids. or liquid fluids and vice versa, it should be noted that the temperatures of the substances involved in the heat exchange are limited according to the physical and chemical properties of the thin hollow wires used.

With regard to the dimensions of the heat exchanger according to the invention, it should be noted that the heat transfer area achievable per available volume unit will be the larger the smaller the diameter of the thin hollow wires to be used. The amount of heat to be transferred at a constant total flow opening of the thin hollow wires and a constant amount of fluid generally also increases with a decreasing diameter of the hollow wires. It should be noted that in this case the pressure loss in the thin hollow wires also increases. It should also be noted that with a constant wall thickness, the buckling strength of the thin hollow wires generally decreases as the diameter increases. By properly selecting the type and dimensions of the thin hollow wires usable for the heat exchanger according to the invention, it is possible to achieve a heat transfer which is higher, in part even considerably higher, than that which can be achieved with conventional metal pipe heat exchangers. The choice of the correct thin hollow wires may possibly have to be done in such a way that the heat transmission resistance of the wall of the thin hollow wires is practically negligible with respect to the heat transfer resistances occurring inside and outside the thin walls. This means that thin hollow threads of a fabric with a high heat-conducting capacity may have a greater wall thickness than that whose capacity is very low.

In the context of the invention, cross-section of the thin hollow wires of the coil or winding body or of the carrier element is understood to mean the cutting surface as obtained when 12 has a thin hollow wire, coil or winding body or carrier element on any or further indicated perpendicular to its longitudinal or rotational axis. In this way a circular cross section is obtained with a round thin hollow wire. In the case of, for example, a coil or winding body wound on a support element with a rectangular cross section with rounded corners, by definition a rectangular annular cross section with rounded corners is obtained.

For the purposes of the present invention, loop shape is understood to mean any shape deviating from a rectilinear shape, especially any kind of flat or spatial curvature in which the radius of curvature is large enough to avoid a kink in the thin hollow wires. The radius of curvature is generally less than 1m, but may also be larger.

In order to achieve this object of the present invention, it is not necessary that all thin hollow wires have a loop shape along their entire length, but it is sufficient if most of the thin hollow wires are looped, ie if the individual thin hollow wires are wire of the device according to the invention each has a loop shape over most of its length and / or if both straight and loop-shaped thin hollow wires are present 7909338-11 - provided that the total length of all loop-shaped hollow wires and / or wire pieces is greater is the total length of all straight wires and / or wire pieces.

This looping of the thin hollow wires achieves that they cross each other several times at relatively short distances and thus support each other in such a way that each thin hollow wire is generally without support only over relatively short distances in length, so that the danger of kinking in the hollow wires is significantly reduced.

In the search for further possibilities for improving the known heat exchangers, it was surprisingly found that due to a special embodiment of the already proposed thin-walled hollow wires or by using the previously proposed embodiments in the device according to the invention, both a further enlargement of the heat transfer capability as a further improvement in the utilization properties of the hollow wire heat exchangers can be achieved.

Particularly good results are hereby achieved if the hollow wires of the heat transfer device according to the invention are 2Q-thin-walled hollow wires according to the invention: - A heat transmission efficiency of 2 at least 1500, preferably at least 4500 W / m K.

- Have an outside diameter of 0.04 to 4 mm.

- - Have a wall thickness of 5 to 100 µm, in particular 5 to 20 µm. 25 - Profiled internally and / or externally.

- Show a cross-section that changes regularly or irregularly in shape and / or size in the longitudinal direction.

- two or more components are manufactured, one or more of the components being porous.

Since the thin-walled hollow wires with the above-mentioned properties have not only proven their existence in a heat transfer device with the features of the invention, but can also lead to improvements in conventional hollow-wire heat exchangers, the invention also includes thin-walled 35 hollow wires exhibiting the above-mentioned properties of the invention 7909338 P *. The thin-walled hollow wires according to the invention can have the properties according to the invention individually in any combination.

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In addition, it has been found that an increase in the heat transfer capacity as well as an improvement in the utilization properties of the heat transfer device according to the invention can also be obtained by properly selecting very special embodiments of the already proposed thin-walled hollow wires. Particularly good results are hereby achieved if the thin-walled hollow wires contain fillers, stabilizers, additives, carbon black, pigments, etc., and / or have a substantially circular cross-section, and / or have an outer diameter of 0.04 to 1 mm, and / or have a wall thickness of 5 to 50 µm, and / or be porous.

Here too, thin-walled hollow wires 15 can be used according to the invention, which display the properties already proposed individually or in combination.

To increase the heat transfer capacity of the device. according to the invention it is particularly advantageous to use thin-walled hollow wires which contain thermally highly conductive substances such as metals, graphite and the like in dust or powder form. However, the thin-walled hollow wires can also still contain, for example, fillers, stabilizers, additives, pigments, etc.

The use of microporous thin-walled hollow wires makes it possible, in addition to the heat transfer taking place through the wall of the hollow wire, when a correspondingly high pressure is used, to additionally cool a liquid by part of this liquid on the surface. of the porous thin-walled hollow wire.

The low wall thickness of the thin-walled hollow wires leads to a 3Q heat exchanger with a large heat transfer capacity which can be increased because, due to the high strength of these hollow wires, the operating pressure prevailing therein and the quantity of fluid flowing through it is relatively large. to be.

For the manufacture of the heat exchanger according to the invention, use can be made of thin-walled hollow wires with, for example, an elliptical or triangular, quadrilateral, pentagonal, hexagonal or multi-angular, but especially with a round cross section, in which latter case in the case of the heat exchanger according to the invention manufactured from the hollow wires, the intersecting thin-walled hollow wires mainly touch each other in a pointed manner, so that only a small part of the total heat exchange surface is lost.

The thin-walled hollow wires can moreover be internally and / or externally profiled. Two, three or more thin-walled hollow wires arranged in parallel may also be firmly bonded together on their various contact surfaces, for example by fusing, welding or gluing them together. Use can also be made of a cross section which varies regularly or irregularly in the length direction of the wires. Such thin-walled hollow wires can advantageously influence the mode of operation of the heat exchanger according to the invention in various ways. For example, internally and / or externally correspondingly profiled thin-walled hollow wires can increase the internal or external heat-transfer surfaces, improve the kink resistance and / or reduce contact surfaces of the intersecting hollow wires. In addition, the heat transfer capacity is further increased by the fact that on the profiled surfaces of the thin-walled hollow wires the heat transfer is improved by the formation of an eddy current in the respective fluid. More compact and / or more shape-resistant devices can also be formed from thin-walled hollow wires with a non-circular cylindrical shape.

In order to ensure good heat conduction through the thin-walled hollow wires, the wall thereof must be as thin as possible, but nevertheless have a thickness sufficient to meet the mechanical strength requirements. In this connection, thin-walled hollow wires with a wall thickness of 5 to 100 µm have been found to be advantageous for most purposes, whereby good heat transfer values were obtained at a wall thickness of 5 to 50 µm and particularly good at a wall thickness from 5 to 20 µm, 5 In order to obtain a good heat transfer (k-value), the dimensions of the cross sections of the thin-walled hollow wires used must also be adapted to this. Thus, of the thin-walled hollow wires with round cross-section, especially those with an outer diameter between 0.04 and 5 mm, in particular between 0.04 and 1 mm, IQ can be advantageously used.

In the thin-walled hollow wires which can be used for manufacturing the heat exchanger according to the invention, the heat transfer coefficient of the wall of the thin-walled hollow wires must be at least 1500 W / m K and in particular at least 4500 W / m K.

The heat transfer coefficient of the thin-walled hollow wires is here understood to mean the quotient of the thermal conductivity of the material used for the thin-walled hollow wires measured in W / m K and the wall thickness of the thin-walled hollow wires in m.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a schematic drawing, in which fig. 1 to 7 show cross sections of differently shaped thin-walled hollow wires; Fig. 8.and 9 show longitudinal cross-sections of thin hollow wires which are not circularly cylindrical; . Fig. 10 and 11 schematically illustrate the manufacture of a multilayer thin-walled hollow wire coil body;

Fig. 12 is a simplified schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a coil body of thin-walled hollow wires at the ends of which flange-like edges are cast; 3Q Fig. 13 to 15 provide simplified schematic representations of longitudinal sections of differently shaped coil bodies at the ends of which flange-like edges are cast. Fig. 16 represents a simplified representation of a coil body of thin-walled hollow wires with a flange-shaped rim applied by casting at only one end.

7909338 - 15 -

Fig. 17 is a simplified schematic representation of a coil body at both ends whose flange-like edges are cast.

Fig. 18 to 21 represent simplified schematic representations of embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invention using a coil body of thin-walled hollow wires;

Fig. 22 to 24 represent simplified schematic representations of the manufacture of a coil body from two thin-walled hollow wires; FIG. 25 shows a simplified schematic representation of an embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention using one according to FIG. Bobbin body manufactured 22 to 24. Fig. 26 through 31 present simplified schematic representations of different embodiments of hollow wire bundles formed from coil bodies each with a different cross section;

Fig. 32 to 37 show simplified schematic representations in the manufacture of an embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention with a substantially disc-shaped winding body of thin-walled hollow wires.

* Figures 1 to 5 show, for example, cross sections of profiled thin-walled hollow wires suitable for use with the heat exchanger according to the invention.

In the form shown in Figure 1, the thin-walled hollow wire contains a substantially circular-cylindrical hollow space 27 and on the outside a longitudinally rib-shaped bulge 26, which may optionally consist of a different material than the wall of the hollow wire.

The thin-walled hollow wire shown in Figure 2 also contains a substantially circular-cylindrical cavity 27 and four longitudinally extending rib-shaped protuberances 26, optionally of different material.

The thin-walled hollow wire shown in Figure 3 has a substantially trilobal cross-section, the hollow space 27 being approximately the same shape as the wire wall 28 so that this thin-walled hollow wire has a substantially constant wall thickness over its entire circumference.

The thin hollow wire shown in Figure 4 has an externally substantially circular wall 28 which has four longitudinally extending rib-shaped protuberances 26 on the inside which may be made of a different material than the sheath 28.

Figure 5 shows a thin-walled hollow wire in which the sheath 28, like the hollow space 27, has a hexagonal annular cross-section 10.

Figure 6 shows a cross section of a hollow wire body, which can be formed by fusing three thin-walled hollow wires of round cross section at their common points of contact.

Figure 7 shows a cross-section of a thin-walled hollow wire through which an intermediate wall 29, which is arranged centrally and in the longitudinal directions, is provided. This thin-walled hollow wire therefore comprises two hollow spaces 27 which are separated from each other by the partition wall 29 and which run parallel to each other and whose cross-section has the shape of a semicircle.

Figure 8 shows a longitudinal section of a thin-walled hollow wire "whose outer diameter or outer circumference, seen in the longitudinal direction of the wire, increases and decreases successively at possibly regular distances, so that the thickness of the sheath 28 varies lengthwise.

Figure 9 shows a longitudinal section of a thin-walled hollow wire, the cross-section of which increases at regular intervals, while the wall thickness remains constant.

Figures 10 and 11 show a simplified schematic representation 3Q of a known device for the production of flushing bodies suitable for the heat exchanger according to the invention.

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The supplied endless thin-walled hollow wire 1 is wound on a rotating perforated sleeve 3 via a reciprocating wire guide 2, whereby a spool body 4 is formed, which consists of multiple layers of mutually intersecting windings of the continuously fed at a predetermined angle and wound thin-walled hollow wire 1 is assembled.

Figure 12 shows a longitudinal section of a coil body 4 formed by means of the device according to Fig. 10 and 11. The coil body 4 is provided at both ends 5 with flange-like edges 10 7 of a curable casting mass which has been brought into the desired shape by centrifugal casting. By part of the flanges 7 along the line A resp. B, the openings of the thin-walled hollow wire of the bobbin body 4 can be released. The perforated sleeve 3 allows radial flow through the coil body 4.

The process shown in FIG. 13 spool body 4 shown in longitudinal section is formed by uniformly winding an endless thin-walled hollow wire on a conically-shaped sleeve 3 and therefore has itself - also a conical shape. In this coil body, the ends of 2Q the individual thread pieces have come to lie by removing part of the flange-like edges 7 (as already described with reference to Figure 12).

The process shown in FIG. 14 spool body 4, shown in longitudinal section, is formed by uniformly winding an endless thin-walled hollow wire on the sleeve 3, which is designed diabolically, and is therefore itself also diabolically shaped. With this coil body 4, the ends of the individual thread pieces have become exposed by removing part of the flange-shaped edges 7 (as already described with reference to Figure 12).

3Q The process shown in FIG. Spool body 4 shown in longitudinal section is formed by uniformly winding an endless thin-walled hollow wire on a barrel-shaped sleeve 3 and is therefore itself barrel-shaped. In this coil body 4, the ends of the individual thread pieces have become exposed by removing part of the flange-like edges 7 (as already described with reference to Figure 12).

The process shown in FIG. 16, the coil body 4 shown is formed by uniformly winding an endless thin-walled wire on a circular-cylindrical sleeve and is therefore itself also circular-cylindrical. This coil body 4 is provided with a flange-shaped edge at only one end, the ends of the individual threaded pieces of the coil body 4 being exposed on this one side only by removing a part of the flange 7 already described.

The flow path of a fluid through the thin-walled hollow wire of such a coil body proceeds in much the same way as with a U-shaped tube. This means that the inlet and outlet openings for the fluid at this coil body lie in one and the same plane.

Fig. 17 shows a coil body which arises when, of the flange-shaped edges 7, as shown for example in figure 12, along the line A-A resp. B-B part is removed.

20 FIG. 18 shows the use of a coil body 4 formed according to FIGS. 10 to 12 in a heat exchanger according to the invention. The coil body 4 with the flange-like edges 7 is mounted in an adapted housing 10. A first fluid S flows through the connection 11 into the distribution space 16 of the heat exchanger and from there into the inlet openings of the thin-walled hollow wires of coil body 4, then this fluid flows through this coil body and leaves it at the other end, after which it enters the collecting space 17 of the heat exchanger and leaves it via the connection 12. It is also possible to cause the course of the fluid to take place in the reverse direction through the thin-walled hollow wires. A second fluid 9 flows through the connection 13 into the core space 1B of the coil body 4 which is sealed at its end 15, flows through the coil body 7909338 - 19 - from the inside outwards and enters the annular cylinder-shaped collection space 19, after which it leaves the heat exchanger via connection 14.

Fig. 19 shows a heat exchanger according to the invention, wherein the coil body 4 comprises a dividing wall 21, the latter, however, being arranged such that the free flow-through opening in the cross section of the individual thin-walled hollow wires is not interrupted. A first fluid 8 flows through the heat exchanger in the same manner as in FIG. 18. A second IQ fluid 9 then flows through the connection 13 of the heat exchanger into the annular cylindrical distribution space 20, then flows through the right half of the coil body 4 radially inwards and enters the core space 18 of the coil body 4 which is closed at both ends 15. Subsequently, the second fluid 9 traverses the left half of the coil body 4 in a radial direction from the inside to the outside and enters the annular cylinder-shaped collection space 19, after which it leaves the heat exchanger via the connection 14.

* Fig. 20 shows a heat exchanger according to the invention, in which 2Q the thin-walled hollow wires of the coil body 4 according to FIG. 16 connect to a flange-shaped rim 7 on one side only and are cut open, and the inlet and outlet openings of the individual thin-walled hollow wires are each displaced 180 ° relative to each other and thus lie opposite each other, i.e.

25 are arranged in a similar manner as is known in conventional U-tube heat exchangers. With this heat exchanger, a first fluid 8 flows via the connection 11 into the distribution space 16 and from there into the thin-walled hollow wires of the coil body 4, after which this fluid passes these wires first in the 3Q one and then in the substantially opposite direction and it then ends up in the collecting space 17, after which it leaves the heat exchanger again via the connection 12. A second fluid 9 flows through the connection 13 into the annular cylindrical distribution space 20, from which it flows radially from the outside inwards through the coil body to the core space 18 of the coil body 4 sealed at the end 15, after which the leaves the heat exchanger via connection 14.

Fig. 21 shows a heat exchanger according to the invention which combines the essential characteristics of the coil bodies according to FIGS. 19 and 21. The first fluid 8 flows through the thin-walled hollow wires of the coil body 4 in the manner as described with reference to Figure 20, while the second fluid 9 flows around these wires in the manner as described with reference to Figure 19.

Figures 22 to 24 show in a simplified schematic manner a device for forming a coil body from two coils 6 fed separately but simultaneously wound on a common sleeve 3 thin-walled hollow wires 1. Because the wire guides 2, as can be seen from 23 and 24 are arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of each other, it is possible to form a coil body 4 in which the individual layers of the two thin-walled hollow wires 1 are wound in the longitudinal direction, so that at 20 each of the ends of. the coil body 4 creates an area 22 which is formed by only one of the two thin-walled hollow wires. Removal of these two regions 22 results in a rinsing body, the supply and discharge openings for the first fluid of which are arranged at one end and those for a second fluid at the other end.

The use of such a coil body formed according to Figures 22 to 24 in a heat exchanger according to the invention is shown in Figure 25. Moreover, in this embodiment shown in Figure 25, the coil body 4 is located in a thermally conductive solid or liquid substance 23. Such a heat exchanger makes it possible, for example, thanks to the good thermal conductivity of the substance 23, the heat of a first fluid 8 to a second fluid 9, wherein the fluid 7909338-21 passes through the various layers of the spool body 4 formed of a thin-walled hollow wire, in a manner as shown, for example, in figure 20. In figure 25 this flow path is shown schematically by a broken line, while that of the second fluid thus mirroring it is shown by a solid line.

Figure 26 shows a coil body 4 with a flange-shaped edge 7 at both ends, the flange-like edges 7 (such as those of the coil-bodies shown in Figures 12 to 21) having an IQ larger outer diameter than the coil-body 4. The flange-shaped edges 7 and the coil body 4 in this case, however, have a cross-section in the form of an elliptical ring.

Fig. 27 shows that not only can a coil body be provided with an extension at its ends by casting and then cut through, but these operations can also take place in the longitudinal direction of a coil body. In the embodiment shown in Figure 27, the thin-walled hollow wires mouth for this purpose. correspondingly from cylindrical channels * 24 and 25 formed in two cast resin, which serve as distribution and collection spaces for the fluid flowing through 2Q the thin-walled hollow wires.

Figure 28 shows a cross section of a coil body 4 as it is obtained when thin-walled hollow wires are wound on a sleeve 3 of rectangular cross section with rounded corners.

Figure 29 shows a cross-section of a coil body 4 as it is obtained when a coil body 4 according to Figure 28 is provided in the longitudinal direction of two channels of casting resin, whereby the openings of the thin-walled hollow wires are then exposed in the manner already described.

3Q Figure 30 shows a cross-section of a coil body 4 which can also be formed from the coil body shown in Figure 28.

7909338 - 22 -

Figure 31 shows a similar embodiment to that shown in Figure 29, but with a circular cross section.

The embodiments according to the invention shown in Figs. 27 to 31 are eminently suitable for transferring heat from a liquid medium to a gaseous medium, for example as a car radiator, or vice versa, the liquid medium efficiently passing through the thin-walled hollow wires flow and the gaseous flows around these wires.

Figure 32 shows a cross section of an annular winding support IQ 31 for obtaining a disc-shaped winding body from thin-walled hollow wires.

Figure 33 shows a possible manner of applying the different wire pieces, for instance of a single wound thin hollow wire to the annular support 31. The wire pieces can herein be arranged in several layers which lie one on top of the other and cross each other several times. By pressing the outside of the ring. shaped winding support 31 by casting an extension from, for example, a curable substance and then removing a part of this annular extension into the region of the 20 reversal ends 32 of the wire pieces, the originally endless thin-walled hollow wire 1 is divided into a plurality of multi-layered and multi-layered thread pieces of equal length, whereby the receptacles of the individual thread pieces are exposed at each separation point. The outer diameter 25 of the untreated part of the annular molding attachment is generally equal or smaller than the outer diameter of the carrier ring 31.

Figure 34 shows a cross-sectional view of a disc-shaped embodiment of the heat exchanger according to the invention, in which use is made of a winding body 4 according to Figure 33. By fitting the inlet closures 11, the distribution spaces 16, the collection spaces correctly 17 and the outlet connections 7909338-23 - 12 for the first fluid as well as of the inlet connections 13 / the distribution spaces 20, the collection spaces 19 and the outlet connections 14 for the second fluid 9, a heat exchanger with a total of two inlet openings and two outlet openings for the two fluids 8 and 9. The fluid flow introduced through the one inlet into the heat exchanger is distributed in such a way that in each case only half of each partial flow of resp. the fluids 8 and 9 reach the two outlets communicating with the corresponding inlet and there are located with one of the halves of the other partial flow of resp. the fluids 8 and 9 merge.

In Fig. 34, this flow image is illustrated by arrows and four pieces of wire shown as thick lines.

Figure 35 shows a cross-section along the line XXVI-XXVI of Figure 34. This shows the annular winding carrier 31, the annular extension 7 of a hardenable cast material, the winding body a 4 as well as the two opposing distribution spaces 16 for the first fluid. , 8.

Figure 36 shows yet another way of applying an endless thin-walled hollow wire 1 to an annular winding support 31 to form a wire wrap for disc-shaped embodiments of the heat exchanger according to the invention.

Figure 37 shows a cross-section of a heat exchanger according to the invention in which a winding body according to Figure 30 was used. The openings of the individual wire layers were hereby cleared, as already described with reference to Figures 32-35. In this embodiment, the first fluid 8 flows through the connection 11 into the distribution space 16, after which it passes through the thin-walled hollow wires of the wrapping body 4, flows into the collection space 17 and leaves the heat exchanger via the connection 12. The other parts of this heat exchanger correspond to the parts indicated in Figure 34 by the same reference numerals. For example, a second fluid participating in the heat transfer flows through the heat exchanger shown in Figure 37 in an essentially axial direction 7909338-24.

Thus, while the heat exchanger shown in Figure 37 lends itself to transfer heat from one medium to another, a total of three media can participate in the heat exchange in the heat exchanger shown in Figures 34 and 35. At the in. 34 and 35, the third medium could be, for example, a thermally highly conductive solid or liquid surrounding the thin hollow wires on the outside, or a fluid 10 flowing axially through the heat exchanger.

The use of the disc-shaped winding bodies described by way of example with reference to Figures 33 and 36 is not only limited to the formation of substantially disc-shaped heat exchangers, but also extends according to the invention to the application of a plurality of superimposed these winding bodies, whereby any number of fluids can be made to participate in the heat transfer.

7909338

Claims (13)

1. Device for transferring heat by means of hollow wires, characterized in that the hollow wires are thin-walled and are formed from a melt-spinnable synthetic polymer, the through-flow of the hollow wires is from 30 to 95% of the total cross-section and that the elongation at break of the hollow wires is less than 100%. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that each thin-walled hollow wire is arranged over the major part of its length, preferably over its entire length, in the form of regular and / or irregular loops. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the thin-walled hollow wires are arranged in the form of a spatially extending helix and / or in a plane spiral. 15 Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thin-walled hollow wires are arranged in several layers, the thin-walled hollow wires of each layer optionally several times the thin-walled hollow wires of each of the adjacent layers. crosses. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is formed from a multilayer coil or winding body. 6. Device as claimed in one or more of the claims 1-5, characterized in that it is formed from a coil or winding body 25 with a round, elliptical or polygonal annular cross section with rounded corners. Device according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is formed from a coil or winding body with a rectangular annular cross section with rounded corners 7909338-26. 8. Device as claimed in one or more of the claims 1-7, characterized in that it is formed from a coil or winding body with an annular cross-section increasing and / or decreasing along its longitudinal axis. 9. Device according to one or more of claims 1-8, characterized in that it is formed from a woven, knitted or a flat-shaped product produced by a depositing process. 10. Device as claimed in one or more of the claims 1-9, characterized in that it has at least one inlet and one outlet for each of at least three fluids participating in the heat transfer. 11. Thin-walled hollow wire made of a melt-spinning synthetic polymer, characterized in that the flow-through opening is 30 to 95% of the total cross-section and the elongation at break is less than 100%, which is the heat transfer coefficient of the wall. 2 of the hollow wire is at least 1500, preferably 4500 W / m K, and / or that the outer diameter of the thin-walled hollow wire is between 0.04 and 4 mm, and / or that the wall thickness of the thin-walled hollow wire is between 5 and 100ylan, in particular between 5 and 20 / m, and / or that the thin-walled hollow wire is profiled internally and / or externally, and / or that the cross-section of the thin-walled hollow wire is optionally periodically regularly or changes irregularly in shape and / or size, and / or that the thin-walled hollow wire consists of two or more components and / or that only a part of the components of the thin-walled hollow wire is porous. 12. Device according to one or more of claims 1-10, characterized in that the thin-walled hollow wires have the features according to claim 11 individually or in any combination. 7909338 - 27 - 13. Device according to one or more of claims 1-10, characterized in that the thin-walled hollow wires contain fillers, stabilizers, additives, carbon black, coloring pigments or the like, and / or that the thin-walled hollow wires have a substantially circular cross section and / or that the outer diameter of the hollow wires is 0.04 to 1 mm, and / or that the wall thickness of the thin-walled hollow wires is 5 to SO / jcbx, and / or that the thin-walled hollow wires are porous wherein the thin-walled hollow wires may have the aforementioned features individually or in any combination. 7909378