NL2033671A - A method for determining the effect of oriented structures of shale on its micromechanical properties - Google Patents
A method for determining the effect of oriented structures of shale on its micromechanical properties Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
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- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of shale mechanical analysis. A method for determining the influence of shale oriented structures on its micromechanical properties is disclosed. It includes: The nano indentation technique is applied to measure the micromechanical properties of shale grains. Meanwhile, the method of the Mori—Tanaka model is used to upgrade the scale of micromechanical parameters. Then, the relationship between oriented structures and elastic modulus of shale can be analyzed in the same sample. Last, we can determine the influence of oriented structures of rock on its mechanical properties. It explores a new way for studying the influence of shale structural characteristics on its mechanical properties.
Description
A METHOD FOR DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF ORIENTED STRUCTURES CF
SHALE ON ITS MICROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES
The invention belongs to the technical field of shale mechan- ical analysis. It particularly refers to a method for determining the influence of oriented structures of shale on its micromechan- ical properties.
Background technology
The oriented structure of shale reservoirs can contribute to the significant anisotropies of rock physical parameters (i.e., permeability) and mechanical parameters (i.e., deformation charac- teristics, tensile strength, and fracture toughness), which has a far-reaching effects on the sophisticated fracture network, reser- voir evaluation, and drilling engineering designs. It is challeng- ing to quantitatively characterize the oriented structure of shale reservoirs due to the highly heterogeneous and tiny grain size of the shale reservoirs, as well as the grain varying in form, orien- tation, and combination type. Therefore, correct understanding of the effects of oriented structure to their mechanical behaviors are crucial for the successful development of shale reservoirs.
Considering the above analysis, the prior technology has the following problems and defects: The current technology lacks a de- termination method of influence of oriented structures of shale on its micromechanical properties.
Contents of the invention
In view of the problems existing in the existing technology, this invention provides a determination method of influence of oriented structures of shale on its micromechanical properties.
The invention is realized in this way: " a method for deter- mining the influence of oriented structures of shale on its micro- mechanical properties." includes:
The nano indentation technique is applied to measure the mi- cromechanical properties of shale grains. Meanwhile, the method of the Mori-Tanaka model is used to upgrade the scale of micromechan- ical parameters. Then, the relationship between oriented struc- tures and elastic modulus of shale can be analyzed in the same sample. Last, we can determine the influence of oriented struc- tures of rock on its mechanical properties.
Furthermore, the a method for determining the influence of oriented structures of shale on its micromechanical properties includes the following steps:
Step 1: A shale sample is collected from the direction of vertical lamination. The microstructure characteristics of the sample are characterized by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) method. Based on the obtained microstructure parameters of shale samples, the degree of oriented structures of shale can be calculated by the structure directional entropy (SOE) model.
Step 2: The elastic modulus of single grain of sample is ac- curately measured by the method of dot-matrix nanoindentation. Be- sides, the mineral composition of the sample is determined by XRD diffraction analysis.
Step 3: The micromechanical parameters is upgraded from the point to plane by the Mori-Tanaka model based on the results of nano-indentation test and XRD diffraction analysis.
Step 4: The relations between SOE value and the upscaled mi- cromechanical parameters of shale samples in the same FE-SEM image are analyzed to determine the variation of mechanical parameters under different grain arrangement structures.
Furthermore, the microstructure characteristics of the sample obtained by FE-SEM stitching method in step 1 include:
A total of 49 sample images, 7 horizontal and 7 vertical groups of images, are obtained by the FE-SEM stitching method.
Furthermore, the SOE model in step 1 are shown in as follows:
E= 1/3 (E+E ao Fy)
Ed: represents the fractal dimension of grain orientation; E‚: represents the fractal dimension of grain size; E.; represents the fractal dimension of pore orientation.
Furthermore, the measurement method of dot-matrix nanoinden-
tation in step 2 includes: The 100 measuring points are set by 10x10 matrix, and the interval between each indentation point is 40um.
Furthermore, the micromechanical parameters are upgraded from point to plane by the Mori-Tanaka model based on the nanoindenta- tion data of mineral grains in Step 3 includes:
The mineral micromechanical parameters are obtained through nanoindentation experiment. The parameters are upgraded from the micrometer to centimeter, as well as from the mechanical proper- ties of points to that of planes with the application of Mori-
Tanaka method. In combination with the mineral three-component shale micromechanical model, the influence of oriented structures on mechanical properties can be determined.
Furthermore, upgrading the scale of micromechanical parame- ters by the method of Mori-Tanaka model on the basis of the nanoindentation data of mineral grains also includes: 1) Based on the micromechanical parameters of mineral grains, mineral grains are divided into three categories. The low hardness minerals in shale are regarded as matrix phase, and the high hard- ness minerals and medium hardness minerals are considered as in- clusion phase. 2) Based on Mori-Tanaka model, the upgrading mechanical pa- rameters are calculated by the volume fraction of different miner- als and nanoindentation experiment parameters.
Furthermore, the three categories of mineral grains include high hardness mineral (pyrite), medium hard mineral (quartz, feld- spar, dolomite and calcite), low hardness mineral (organic matter and clay).
A further objective of this invention is to provide computer equipment with a memory and a processor that saves an application.
When the aforementioned computer program is performed by the aforementioned processor, the aforementioned processor carries out the steps of the technique for determining the influence of shale oriented structures on its micromechanical properties.
Another purpose of this invention is to provide a computer readable storage medium that stores a computer program. When the aforesaid computer program is executed by the processor, the aforesaid processor executes the steps of the determination method of influence of shale oriented structure on its micromechanical properties.
Another purpose of this invention is to provide an infor- mation data processing terminal, and the aforesaid information da- ta processing terminal is used to execute the steps of the deter- mination method of influence of shale oriented structures on its micromechanical properties.
Combining with technical solutions and solved technical prob- lems, please analyze the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions that is protected by the invention from the following aspects:
Firstly, the innovative technical are as follows:
The micromechanical properties of different shale grains are analyzed by nanoindentation experiment. The invention adopts Mori-
Tanaka model method to upgrade the scale of micromechanical param- eters and determine the influence of oriented structures on me- chanical properties.
Secondly, from the perspective of the product, or regarding technical solutions as a whole, the technical effects and ad- vantages of technical solutions to be protected by the invention are described as follows:
The invention analyzes the influence of oriented structures on rock mechanical properties. The Mori-Tanaka model is utilized to upgrade the micromechanical parameters. Then, the relationship between the oriented structures of shale and elastic modulus in the same horizon can be determined. Results indicate that the elastic modulus of shale decreases as the degree of the oriented structure improves. This technique opens up a new avenue for stud- ying the influence of shale oriented structures on their mechani- cal properties. Thirdly, the innovative supporting evidence, as the claim of right of this invention, is reflected in the follow- ing important aspects:
The technical method presented in the invention addresses a previously unmet need in the relevant domestic and international industries. The innovation examines the impact of oriented struc- tures on its mechanical characteristics from a microscopic view-
point. The process applies a mathematical model for directional entropy and upscaling mechanical properties methods, both of which are technologically innovative in their own right and offer a fresh perspective on the field of geomechanics fundamental re- 5 search.
Description of the attached drawing
Figure 1 is the flow chart of determination method of influ- ence of shale oriented structure on its micromechanical proper- ties.
Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the 10x10 nanoindenta- tion dot-matrix measurement mode.
Figure 3 is the histograms of elastic modulus with error bar.
Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the shale physical model and the three-phase equivalent model.
Figure 5 is the schematic diagram showing the procedure for calculating modulus of elasticity.
Figure 6 is the scatter diagram of structure directional en- tropy and elastic modulus of shale sample.
Concrete implementation mode
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and ad- vantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be elaborated in combination with embodiments described here- in. It should be pointed out that the specific embodiments de- scribed herein are only used to elaborate the present invention and are not intended to define the present invention.
I. Explanation of embodiment. To make the technical personnel in this field fully understand the concrete performance of this invention, this part is an explanatory example of the technical solution of claims.
The determination method of influence of shale oriented structures on its micromechanical properties provided by the em- bodiment of the invention includes:
The nano indentation experiment is applied to measure the mi- cromechanical properties of shale grains. Besides, the Mori-Tanaka model is used to upgrade micromechanical parameters from the point to plane, while the structure directional entropy formula is used to calculate the degree of directional arrangement. The influence of orientated structures on rock mechanical properties is deter- mined by analyzing the relationship between shale oriented struc- tures and elastic modulus within the same FE-SEM horizon.
As shown in Figure 1, the method of determining the effect of oriented structures of shale on its micromechanical properties provided by the embodiment of the invention includes the following steps: 5101: A shale sample is obtained from the direction of verti- cal lamination. The microstructure characteristics of the sample are characterized by the field emission scanning electron micro- scope (FE-SEM) experiment. Based on the obtained microstructure parameters of shale samples, the degree of oriented structures of shale can be calculated by the structure directional entropy (SOE) model. 5102: The elastic modulus of single grain of sample is accu- rately measured by the method of dot-matrix nanoindentation. Be- sides, the mineral composition of the sample is determined by XRD diffraction analysis. 8103: The micromechanical parameters can be upgraded by the
Mori-Tanaka model based on the results of nano-indentation test and XRD diffraction analysis. 3104: The relations between SOE value and the upscaled micro- mechanical parameters of shale samples in the same FE-SEM image are analyzed to determine the change of mechanical parameters un- der different grain arrangement structures.
In step S101, the microscopic characteristics of the sample obtained by scanning electron microscope include:
Furthermore, the microstructure characteristics of the sample obtained by FE-SEM stitching method in step 1 include:
A total of 49 sample images, 7 horizontal and 7 vertical groups of images, are obtained by the FE-SEM stitching method.
Furthermore, the SOE model in step 1 are shown in as follows:
E=13(E AE wi TE
Eu represents the fractal dimension of grain orientation; Epa represents the fractal dimension of grain size; Ei represents the fractal dimension of pore orientation.
Furthermore, the measurement method of dot-matrix nanoinden- tation in step 102 includes: The 100 measuring points are set by 10x10 matrix, and the interval between each indentation point is 40um.
Furthermore, the micromechanical parameters are upgraded by the Mori-Tanaka model based on the nanoindentation data of mineral grains in Step 103 includes:
The mineral micromechanical parameters are obtained through nanoindentation experiment. The parameters are upgraded from the micrometer to centimeter, as well as from the mechanical proper- ties of points to that of planes with the application of Mori-
Tanaka method. In combination with the mineral three-component shale micromechanical model, the influence of oriented structures on mechanical properties is determined.
Furthermore, upgrading the scale of micromechanical parame- ters by the method of Mori-Tanaka model according to the nanoindentation data of mineral grains also includes: 1) Based on the micromechanical parameters of mineral grains, mineral grains are divided into three categories. The low hardness minerals in shale are regarded as matrix phase, and the high hard- ness minerals and medium hardness minerals are considered as in- clusion phase. 2) Based on Mori-Tanaka model, the upgrading mechanical pa- rameters are calculated by the volume fraction of different miner- als and nanoindentation experiment parameters.
Furthermore, the three categories of mineral grains include high hardness mineral (pyrite), medium hard mineral (quartz, feld- spar, dolomite and calcite), low hardness mineral (organic matter and clay).
The technical schemes of the invention are further explained below in combination with specific embodiments.
The Yan-Chang #7 Shale in Ordos Basin is taken as a case study, and the nanoindentation experiment is applied to character- ize the micromechanical properties of different shale grains. Mo- ri-Tanaka model method is adopted to upgrade micromechanical pa- rameters from point to plane. Last, the influence of oriented structures of shale on mechanical properties can be determined by the correlations of the micromechanical properties and the degree of the oriented structures of shale. 1.1 Nanoindentation experiment
The grain size ({<62.5 u m) of fine-grain rock is much smaller than conventional rocks, which has a different mechanical proper- ties compared with the macroscopic materials due to the influence of quantum size effect, small size effect, surface effect, etc.
The determination of mechanical properties of grains cannot follow the traditional testing methods of mechanics. Therefore, the em- bodiment of the invention takes advantage of the nanoindentation experiment to quantitatively measure the elastic modulus and me- chanical properties of grains from the microscopic perspective.
The elastic modulus E of the rock can be obtained from the following formula:
L Iv? L Iv’
Ee i. EEE
In the formula, E and v represent the elastic modulus and
Poisson's ratio of the sample, respectively; E; and vi represent the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the indenter, respec- tively. The elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of diamond indent- er are 1141GPa and 0.07 respectively. 1.2 The micromechanical properties of mineral grains
The dot-matrix measurement method is adopted to measure the elastic modulus of different mineral grains. The micromechanical properties of mineral grains are measured under the condition with the peak load of 200mN. Results indicate that the micromechanical properties of mineral grains are related with the types of mineral grains. The elastic modulus of pyrite grains is the largest, fol- lowed by brittle minerals such as quartz, feldspar, dolomite and calcite, and the elastic moduli of clay minerals and organic mat- ter are the smallest (Figure 7). The specific parameters are shown in Table 1.
Takle 1 Micromechanical Parameters of Mineral Grains peen eeen a en
Average elastic
Mineral grain | Elastic modulus (GPa) tribution hardness modulus {GPa} (GPa) {GPa)
Calcite 11.17~113.70 55.73 1.44~7.09 4.03 25390729320
Tne Jn J 0.4074.70 2.50 0.20~1.10 0.53 ter 1.3 Upgrading mechanical model based on micromechanical prop- erties
The upgraded scale calculation of mechanical parameters is carried out on the basis of Mori-Tanaka model and in combination of nanoindentation experimental parameters. The nanoscale can be upgraded to centimeter scale according to the volume fraction of different minerals. However, there are pores and microfracture in low hardness minerals such as organic matter and clay. Therefore, the influence of the pores and microfracture on mechanical parame- ters should be considered.
The shale is equated to a three-phase medium, whose equiva- lent shear modulus and bulk modulus are calculated as follows:
Kk, «ME yom te (ren12) dk 4,
G, - Ben nl Le ed (r=0.1.2) ‚6 2 (On #80 6 (+24) 3{1-2v} ye kb “ 2{14+2v,}
In the formula, r=0 represents high hardness mineral. r=1 represents medium hardness mineral. r=2 represents low hardness mineral. The mechanical parameters of high hardness minerals and medium hardness minerals are derived from the results of the nancindentation test. The low hardness minerals contain many pores and microfracture, which requires to be rectified in the results of the nanoindentation experiment, as shown in the following for- mula: & =P (1-9}k 4, ew 44, +3¢k, 1 6 Ta 2H
Jk +84,
The equivalent elastic modulus at the centimeter scale is as follows:
Eun =
M M
Through the testing method of dot-matrix nanoindentation, the microscopic rock mechanical parameters 6 rock samples are meas- ured, with 100 (10x10) measured indentation points in each sample.
The elastic modulus of the shale in the plane is calculated based on the upgraded method. Moreover, the XRD diffraction experiment are also conducted to obtain the percentage of mineral composi- tion. The upgrading mechanical parameters of 6 samples are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Upgrading elastic modulus parameters of typical shale samples
Equivalent shear Equivalent elastic
Coring angle number (%) modulus (GPa) modulus (GPa) | modulus {GPa)
Vertical 29.526 73.623 1.4 Relationship between structure directional entropy and mechanical properties
The results show that the oriented structures of shale have a negative relation with the mechanical properties. The smaller SOE value is, the smaller the elastic modulus (R°=0.5975) is (Figure 5). When the degree of oriented structure of shale is high, the probability of surface to surface contact between grains increas- es, and such kind of contact happens with the increase of micro- fracture. Slipping phenomenon can easily develop on the contact surface under the effect of external stress. Therefore, there is a good correlation between these two parameters.
IT. Applied embodiment. To prove the creativity and technical value of the technical solution of the invention, this part is an applied embodiment of the technical solution of the claim in spe- cific products or related technologies.
The determination method of influence of oriented structures on its micromechanical properties provided by the embodiment of the invention is applied to a computer equipment, which includes a memory and a processor. The aforesaid memory stores a computer program. When the aforesaid computer program is executed by the aforesaid processor, the aforesaid processor executes the steps of the aforesaid determination method of influence of shale grain di- rectional arrangement structure on its micromechanical properties.
The determination method of influence of shale oriented structures on its micromechanical properties provided by the em- bodiment of the invention is applied to a computer readable stor- age medium that stores a computer program. When the aforesaid com- puter program is executed by the processor, the aforesaid proces- sor executes the steps of the aforesaid determination method of influence of shale oriented structures on its micromechanical properties.
The determination method of influence of shale oriented structures on its micromechanical properties provided by the em- bodiment of the invention is applied to an information data pro- cessing terminal, and the aforesaid information data processing terminal is used to execute the steps of the aforesaid determina- tion method of influence of shale oriented structures on its mi- cromechanical properties.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the invention can be realized through hardware, software or the combination of both.
Hardware can be realized through special logics; Software can be stored in memory and executed with suitable instruction execution system such as microprocessor or special design hardware. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that the aforesaid equip- ment and method could be realized through computer instructions and/or the control codes in processor, such as carrier medium of magnetic disk, CD or DVD-ROM, programmable memory of read-only memory (firmware) or the data carrier of optical or electronic signal carrier. The equipment and modules in the invention can be realized through super-large scale integrated circuit or gate ar- ray, semiconductor of logic chip and transistor, the hardware cir- cuits of programmable hardware equipment such as gate array and logic equipment, various processor software or the combination of the aforesaid hardware circuit and software, such as firmware.
The aforesaid information is only a specific execution mode of the invention but not restricts the protection scope. Any tech- nicians familiar with the technical field belong to the technical scope of the invention. All modifications, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the invention shall be protected by the invention.
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| CN202210783305.9A CN115184195B (en) | 2022-07-05 | 2022-07-05 | Method for measuring influence of shale particle directional arrangement structure on micromechanics property of shale particle directional arrangement structure |
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| CN113029746B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2023-11-03 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for determining shale macroscopic modulus through fine/micromechanics test |
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| MONFARED SIAVASH ET AL: "A methodology to calibrate and to validate effective solid potentials of heterogeneous porous media from computed tomography scans and laboratory-measured nanoindentation data", vol. 13, no. 6, 17 July 2018 (2018-07-17), pages 1369 - 1394, XP036638317, ISSN: 1861-1125, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11440-018-0687-9> [retrieved on 20180717], DOI: 10.1007/S11440-018-0687-9 * |
| MONFARED SIAVASH ET AL: "A molecular informed poroelastic model for organic-rich, naturally occurring porous geocomposites", JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS, PERGAMON PRESS, OXFORD, GB, vol. 88, 28 December 2015 (2015-12-28), pages 186 - 203, XP029403335, ISSN: 0022-5096, DOI: 10.1016/J.JMPS.2015.12.006 * |
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