NL2031361B1

NL2031361B1 - Anti-ice buoy structure for marine environmental monitoring

Info

Publication number: NL2031361B1
Application number: NL2031361A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Wang Guojun; Lv Qixin; Xu Ning; Yuan Shuai; Zhang Dayong; Peng Xin; Zhang Xiangfeng; Fu Yanghua
Original assignee: Univ Dalian Tech
Priority date: 2022-03-22
Filing date: 2022-03-22
Publication date: 2023-03-31
Also published as: NL2031361A

Abstract

Disclosed is an anti-ice buoy structure for marine environmental monitoring. The anti-ice buoy structure includes a buoy body structure, a power generation device and a mooring system. The buoy body structure includes an upper circular truncated cone cabin and a lower circular truncated cone cabin, and an annular watertight partition plate and a line pipeline are arranged. Vertical rectangular watertight partition plates are arranged. The lower circular truncated cone cabin includes a cylindrical cabin and an inverted circular truncated cone cabin. A cylindrical cavity serves as a base, and mooring points are arranged. An instrument support is ﬁxed on a support leg, and a cell panel stores power by means of a storage battery. The buoy has a simple structure, and is convenient to mount, a solar power generation device prolongs a buoy replacement period, and ice breaking capacity is better than that of a common buoy.

Description

ANTI-ICE BUOY STRUCTURE FOR MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL

MONITORING

TECHNICAL FIELD

[DI] The present invention belongs to the field of marine buoy design and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a buoy body structure and a mooring system of an anti-ice buoy for marine ecological environmental monitoring.

BACKGROUND ART

[02] Paying high attention to marine ecological civilization construction, all countries in the world have developed the advanced environment monitoring apparatuses for monitoring the sea in efficient, three-dimensional and all-around manners in real time. Compared with monitoring ship patrol and constructing a monitoring base station, putting a marine environmental monitoring buoy has many advantages and has become the most widely applied, simple and effective marine environmental monitoring means.

[03] A traditional marine environmental monitoring buoy can be generally divided into an instrument apparatus, a buoy body structure and a mooring system. For obtaining long endurance, a solar panel needs to be mounted at the top of the buoy body. In northern sea areas, such as the Liaodong Bay of Bohai and the North Yellow Sea of

China, in winter every year, the sea surface has an icing period as long as 2-3 months, the flowing ice can greatly influence the monitoring buoy and damage the solar panel, causing that the buoy cannot work normally, even the mooring rope is abraded to cause buoy body loss when the ice condition is serious, resulting in serious economic loss.

[04] The research on the marine environmental monitoring buoy with anti-ice performance is still in a starting state in China. In view of this, the marine environmental monitoring buoy needs to be recovered every year before the ice period comes, and then is put again after the ice period ends, which consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, and cannot obtain marine ecological environment data in the ice period, and long-sequence monitoring data are lost. Therefore, it 1s particularly important to develop an anti-ice buoy for marine environmental monitoring.

SUMMARY

[05] The objective of the present invention is to provide a buoy body structure and a mooring system of a marine environmental monitoring buoy with a certain ice breaking capacity in a seasonal icing sea area, and provide a buoy device with a solar panel and a storage battery matching for long-term power supply. A watertight space, above a water line, of the buoy is obviously larger than that of a common buoy, when flowing ice comes, the buoy body inclines under pushing by sea ice, watertight space is immersed in water, so as to obtain upward larger buoyancy, then an inclined side wall of the buoy body resists an ice plate to break the ice, and the solar panel is prevented from being impacted and damaged by the sea ice.

[06] For achieving the above objective, the present invention provides a technical solution:

[07] An anti-ice buoy structure for marine environmental monitoring includes a buoy body structure, a power generation device and a mooring system.

[08] The buoy body structure is in a gyro-like shape, and an interior of the buoy body structure is of a cavity structure to serve as an instrument apparatus cabin 13 including an upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 and a lower circular truncated cone cabin 12. An in-cabin line pipeline 5 is arranged on an inner side wall of the cavity structure, the buoy body structure is divided into the annular upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 and the annular lower circular truncated cone cabin 12 by taking a water line as a boundary, and an annular watertight partition plate 10 is horizontally arranged therebetween. Four vertical rectangular watertight partition plates 17 are arranged in the annular upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 evenly, and the upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 is of a circular truncated cone structure with an upper portion narrower than a lower portion. The annular lower circular truncated cone cabin 12 includes an upper cylindrical cabin 11 and a bottom inverted circular truncated cone cabin which are in communication with each other, the inverted circular truncated cone cabin is located beneath, and the annular lower circular truncated cone cabin 12 is provided with four vertical trapezoidal watertight partition plates 18 at corresponding positions, where the watertight partition plates are arranged, of the annular upper circular truncated cone cabin 9. An instrument cabin top cover 14 is fixed on a top of the buoy body structure (a top of the upper circular truncated cone cabin 9) by means of bolts, the instrument cabin top cover 14 is provided with four lifting lugs 4 for lifting an anti-ice buoy and four support legs for fixing an instrument support 1; and a cylindrical cavity protrudes out of a bottom of the buoy body structure (a bottom of the inverted circular truncated cone cabin of the lower circular truncated cone cabin 12) to serve as a base, two mooring points 8 are symmetrically arranged on an outer wall of the cylindrical cavity for being connected to an anchor chain 19, and a ballast counterweight 7 is arranged in the cylindrical cavity, such that the buoy has desirable floating performance and stability.

[09] The power generation device includes an instrument support 1, a solar cell panel 2, a storage battery 6 and an electric wire. The instrument support is fixed on the four support legs at the top of the buoy body structure by means of four bolts 3, the solar cell panel 2 is mounted on the instrument support 1, the electric wire is connected to the storage battery 6 by means of the line pipeline, and the storage battery 6 is located in the cylindrical cavity protruding out of the bottom of the buoy body structure and located above the ballast counterweight 7.

[10] The mooring system includes the mooring point 8, the anchor chain 19, a shackle 20 and an anchor 21. A mode that a Hall anchor matches a studless chain 1s used in mooring, and two anchor chains 19 connected to the two mooring points 8 are converged by means of the shackle 20 and then connected to an anchor 21 by means of along anchor chain.

[11] Furthermore, a height of the upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 accounts for one third of a total height of the buoy body structure or more, such that the buoy body structure may obtain larger reserve buoyancy.

[12] Furthermore, an inclination angle of a circular truncated cone side wall of the upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 is defined as follows: a connecting line between any bottom point A of a side wall and a top point B of a farthest-end side wall of the upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 is L1, a connecting line between the bottom point of the side wall and a top point C of a nearest-end side wall is L2, an included angle between connecting line L1 and connecting line L2 is 70°, and the bottom point A, the top point B and the top point C coplanar pass through a center of a circle of the upper circular truncated cone cabin 9. An ice force amplitude may be reduced, and sea ice may be bent and damaged more easily, so as to break the ice.

[13] A ratio of the long anchor chain connected to the anchor 21 in the mooring system to a water depth is larger than 3, which may effectively improve ice resistance of the buoy.

[14] A rubber gasket 16 is arranged between the instrument cabin top cover 14 and an upper circular truncated cone cabin top cover 15.

[15] The buoy body structure is made of steel, so as to greatly guarantee structural strength.

[16] All cabins have water tightness, such that survivability of the buoy is guaranteed to a greatest extent.

[17] The counterweight is located at a fixed position, the storage battery is placed above the counterweight, and other apparatuses are placed in the remaining space of the cabin.

[18] A working mode of the anti-ice buoy structure for marine environmental monitoring, that is, an ice breaking process, includes the following stages: when no ice exists normally, the buoy is in an upright floating state, the mooring anchor chain is of a catenary shape, and a long section of the anchor chain sinks on a seabed; when flowing ice comes, the flowing ice applies continuous and direction-invariable horizontal acting force to the buoy, the buoy generates a tiny dip angle, a position of the buoy is changed under the action of restoring force, the buoy is pushed away by the sea ice in a certain direction until the buoy is pushed to an edge of a maximum mooring range, and in such a case, the anchor chain is in a tight linear shape; and along with further movement of the flowing ice, an inclination angle of the buoy is obviously increased, the whole buoy tends to be pressed downwards by the sea ice to enter water, with the increasing volume of the buoy immersed in the water when tilting, the buoyancy of the buoy is also increasing, then the upward buoyancy bends and damages the sea ice, the buoy prevents the whole body from entering the water, the solar panel is protected, and the buoy may continue to work.

[19] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[20] (1) the buoy has features of deep draught, high floating performance, desirable stability and simple structure, and is convenient to mount and easy to put and recycle.

[21] (2) compared with a common marine ecological environmental monitoring buoy in a seasonal icing sea area, the present invention has better ice breaking capacity than the common buoy with a same diameter, is universal in four seasons and meets design specification requirements of the common buoy. A solar power generation device is additionally arranged, solar energy is collected by a solar panel and converted into electric energy in a seasonal icing sea area, marine ecological environmental data may be collected for a long time, service life of the buoy for single-time put is greatly prolonged, a replacement period of the buoy is prolonged, and a maintenance cost of the buoy is reduced.

[22] (3) in addition, from a design angle of an anti-ice structure, buoyancy storage serves as an anti-ice design object of the buoy body, such that the marine ecological environmental monitoring buoy has a certain ice breaking capacity. When flowing ice passes through, the whole buoy is pressed to tend to enter water, but the buoy may break the ice before entering water, safety of the solar power generation device above the buoy is guaranteed, and an indispensable energy source is provided for the structure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[23] FIG. 1 is a position diagram of an overall structure;

[24] FIG. 2 1s a connection schematic diagram of an instrument cabin top cover;

[25] FIG. 3 is a top view of section A-A of FIG. 1,

[26] FIG. 4 is a top view of section B-B of FIG. 1;

[27] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a mooring system; and

[28] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an inclination angle of a side wall of an upper circular truncated cone cabin.

[29] In the figure: 1 instrument support; 2 solar panel; 3 bolt; 4 lifting lug; 5 in- cabin line pipeline; 6 storage battery; 7 ballast counterweight; 8 mooring point; 9 upper circular truncated cone cabin; 10 annular watertight partition plate; 11 cylindrical cabin; 12 lower circular truncated cone cabin; 13 instrument apparatus cabin; 14 instrument cabin top cover; 15 upper circular truncated cone cabin top cover; 16 rubber gasket; 17 rectangular watertight partition plate; 18 trapezoidal watertight partition plate; 19 anchor chain; 20 shackle; and 21 anchor.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[30] The present invention will be elaborated hereafter in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[31] An anti-ice buoy structure for marine environmental monitoring includes a buoy body structure, a power generation device and a mooring system.

[32] The buoy body structure is in a gyro-like shape, and an interior of the buoy body structure is of a cavity structure to serve as an instrument apparatus cabin 13 including an upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 and a lower circular truncated cone cabin 12. An in-cabin line pipeline 5 is arranged on an inner side wall of the cavity structure, the buoy body structure is divided into the annular upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 and the annular lower circular truncated cone cabin 12 by taking a water line as a boundary, and an annular watertight partition plate 10 is arranged therebetween.

Four vertical rectangular watertight partition plates 17 are arranged in the annular upper circular truncated cone cabin 9 evenly. The annular lower circular truncated cone cabin 12 includes a cylindrical cabin 11 and a inverted circular truncated cone cabin which are in communication with each other, the inverted circular truncated cone cabin is located beneath, and the annular lower circular truncated cone cabin 12 is provided with four vertical trapezoidal watertight partition plates 18 at corresponding positions, where the watertight partition plates are arranged, of the annular upper circular truncated cone cabin 9. An instrument cabin top cover 14 is fixed on a top of the buoy body structure (a top of the upper circular truncated cone cabin 9) by means of bolts, the instrument cabin top cover 14 is provided with four lifting lugs 4 for lifting an anti-ice buoy and four support legs for fixing an instrument support 1; and a cylindrical cavity protrudes out of a bottom of the buoy body structure (a bottom of the inverted circular truncated cone cabin of the lower circular truncated cone cabin 12) to serve as a base, two mooring points 8 are symmetrically arranged on an outer wall of the cylindrical cavity for being connected to an anchor chain 19, and a ballast counterweight 7 is arranged in the cylindrical cavity, such that the buoy has desirable floating performance and stability.

[33] The power generation device includes an instrument support 1, a solar cell panel 2, a storage battery 6 and an electric wire. The instrument support is fixed on the four support legs at the top of the buoy body structure by means of four bolts 3, the solar cell panel 2 is mounted on the instrument support 1, the electric wire is connected to the storage battery 6 by means of the line pipeline, and the storage battery 6 is located in the cylindrical cavity protruding out of the bottom of the buoy body structure and located above the ballast counterweight 7.

[34] The mooring system includes the mooring point 8, the anchor chain 19, a shackle 20 and an anchor 21. A mode that a Hall anchor matches a studless chain is used in mooring, and two anchor chains 19 connected to the two mooring points 8 are converged by means of the shackle 20 and then connected to an anchor 21 by means of a long anchor chain.

[35] A preparation method includes: firstly, a side wall of a central instrument cabin 13 1s manufactured, an in-cabin pipeline line 5 is welded, a ballast counterweight 7 is fixed on a bottom steel plate, a bottom circular steel plate is welded to the side wall of the instrument cabin 13, high-quality sealant is smeared at a weld joint, and a lower circular truncated cone cabin 12, a cylindrical cabin 11, four trapezoidal watertight partition plates 18, an annular watertight partition plate 10, an upper circular truncated cone cabin 9, four rectangular watertight partition plates 17 and an upper circular truncated cone cabin top cover 15 are sequentially welded and coated with high-quality sealant, so as to guarantee watertightness of all cabins; and two mooring points 8 are welded to a periphery of a lower portion of the instrument cabin 13, four lifting lugs 4 are welded to positions, corresponding to the partition plate 10, of the upper circular truncated cone cabin top cover 15, a solar panel is fixed to an instrument support, a monitoring apparatus needing to be used is properly arranged in the instrument cabin 13 and then sealed, an instrument cabin top cover 14 is fixed by means of a bolt 3 and a sealing gasket 16 and is coated with the high-quality sealant, and then the instrument support is fixed at a top of a buoy body by means of a bolt 3.

[36] The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of one specific embodiment, which is illustrative only and not restrictive:

[37] In the solution, when a maximum diameter of a buoy body of a medium-sized marine ecological environmental monitoring buoy is 3m and a height, above a water line, of a cabin is Im, ice with a thickness of 15 cm may be broken at most by matching along enough anchor chain, and safe work of the structure is also guaranteed; and when an included angle between a side wall of the buoy body and a sea level is 70°, a use rate of buoyancy is the highest, that is, ice breaking efficiency of the buoy is the highest.

[38] The embodiment expresses only an implementation mode of the present invention, but cannot be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent accordingly. It should be noted that several transformations and improvements may also be made to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the inventive concept, which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

Claims L Anti-ice buoy structure for marine environmental monitoring comprising a buoy body structure, a power generating device and an anchorage system, the buoy body structure being a spinning top-like cavity structure and comprising an upper circular frustum cone cabin and a lower circular frustum cone cabin, wherein a line pipeline is mounted on an inner side of the buoy body structure, a buoy body structure is divided into the annular upper circular truncated cone cabin and the annular lower circular truncated cone cabin by taking the waterline as a boundary line, an annular watertight partition plate is provided at the waterline, the upper circular truncated cone cabin of a circular truncated cone structure with an upper section which is narrower than a lower section and is evenly provided inside with four vertical watertight partition plates, the lower circular truncated cone cabin includes a cylindrical cabin and an inverted circular truncated cone cabin which are in communication with each other and is provided with four vertical trapezoidal watertight partition plates inside , an instrument cabin top closure is mounted on a top of the buoy body and is provided with a lifting projection and a support leg, a cylindrical cavity protrudes from a bottom of the buoy body acting as a pedestal, a height of an internal ballast counterweight is less than that of the convex cavity , and anchor points are arranged symmetrically on an outer wall of the pedestal, the power generating device comprising an instrument support, a solar cell panel and a storage battery, the instrument support mounted on the support leg, and the solar cell panel being mounted on a side wall of the instrument support and storing power by means of of the storage battery on the bottom of the buoy body; and wherein the anchoring system includes the anchor points, anchor chains, a shackle and a high-holding power anchor, wherein two anchor chains connected to the two anchor points converge into a long anchor chain through the shackle and then connected to the anchor, and the ratio of anchor chains to the water depth is greater than 3.

An anti-ice buoy structure according to claim 1, wherein a connecting line between a lower point A of a side wall and an upper point B of a side wall at the farthest end of the upper circular frusto-cone cabin is Ly, a connecting line between the lower point A of the side wall and an upper point C of a side wall at the nearest end L, is an intermediate angle between L; and L, is 70°, and the lower point A, the upper point B, and the coplanar upper point C by a means of the upper circular truncated cone cabin leads.

An anti-ice buoy structure according to claim 1, wherein a height of the upper circular frusto-conical cabin is one third or more of a total height of the buoy body.

The anti-ice buoy structure according to claim 1, wherein the buoy body structure is made of steel such that the structural strength of the cabin is highly guaranteed, and all cabins are watertight.