NL2031263B1 - Test device for simulating of transport and transformation of pollutants in icing/melting process of water bodies of rivers, lakes and sea - Google Patents
Test device for simulating of transport and transformation of pollutants in icing/melting process of water bodies of rivers, lakes and sea Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2031263B1 NL2031263B1 NL2031263A NL2031263A NL2031263B1 NL 2031263 B1 NL2031263 B1 NL 2031263B1 NL 2031263 A NL2031263 A NL 2031263A NL 2031263 A NL2031263 A NL 2031263A NL 2031263 B1 NL2031263 B1 NL 2031263B1
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- Prior art keywords
- water body
- icing
- barrel body
- transformation
- pollutants
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000026097 Factitious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005422 algal bloom Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005457 ice water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
- G01N33/1873—Ice or snow
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The disclosure relates to the technical field of test equipment, in particular to a test device for simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in an icing process of a water body. According to the test device, the process of icing and melting of a test water body can be simulated, researchers need not to extract a water sample on the site, and the researchers can know the influence of icing and melting process on the transport and transformation of pollutants conveniently.
Description
P1216/NLpd
TEST DEVICE FOR SIMULATING OF TRANSPORT AND TRANSFORMATION OF
POLLUTANTS IN ICING/MELTING PROCESS OF WATER BODIES OF RIVERS,
LAKES AND SEA
The disclosure relates to the technical field of test equip- ment, in particular to a test device for simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in a water body icing process.
In recent years, the water quality of lakes in high-latitude cold regions is reduced, which is mainly caused by the concentra- tion of water, nutrient salts, heavy metals and the like due to water yield reduction and ice bound. In the past, research on lakes is mainly carried out at normal temperature, but the re- search on transport change of the concentration of substances in the ice layer, the ice-water interface, the water body and the bottom mud in the ice-bound process of the high-latitude cold re- gions is not found. More and more researches have shown that the change of the ice bound cycle has a special effect on the transport of pollutants in the water body and the sediments.
Therefore, the research on transport and transformation of pollu- tants during water body ice-bound and algal bloom is of great practical significance for providing data support for water pollu- tion prevention and control during ice-bound period.
However, a traditional research method generally requires re- searchers to go deep into the field, it is extremely difficult to collect samples of water bodies and bottom sediments during the ice-bound period, and it is hard and time-consuming to dig with an ice drill for sampling. And, it is even more difficult to collect samples in the icing and melting process, which increases cost and difficulty of research. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a test device capable of simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in an icing and melting process of a water body.
The main object of the present invention is to provide a nov-
el structure-based test device capable of simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in an icing process of a water body, so as to solve the above technical problems.
The object of the present invention and the solution of the technical problems thereof are achieved by using the following technical scheme. A test device capable of simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in an icing process of a water body, comprising: the bottom of a top opening of the barrel body is closed, the barrel body is made of a transparent material, a transparent ther- mal insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the barrel body, and the barrel body is used for supporting a test water body; and the refrigeration system comprises an evaporator, the evapo- rator is arranged at a position, close to an opening of the barrel body, in the cylinder, and the refrigeration system is used for controlling a temperature of first space from the surface of the test water body in the barrel body to the opening of the barrel body through the evaporator.
By means of the above technical scheme, the test device for simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in an icing process of a water body at least has the following advantages:
According to the test device for simulating transport and transformation of the pollutants in the icing process of the water body, the barrel body can bear the test water body, and the evapo- rator of the refrigeration system is arranged at the position, close to the opening, in the barrel body, so that the space tem- perature above the test water body in the barrel body can be con- trolled through the evaporator, the ambient temperature in real environment during icing and melting of the water body can be sim- ulated, and then the water body can be gradually iced or gradually melted in the barrel body, thus realizing the simulation of icing and melting of the test water body; in addition, the outer wall of the barrel body is provided with the transparent thermal insula- tion layer, so that the test water body inside the barrel body can be prevented from being subjected to heat exchange with the out- side when it is ensured that the test water body in the barrel body is iced or melted, so that the simulation of icing and melt- ing of the test water body is closer to the real environment; and the test water body can simulate the icing and melting process in rivers, lakes, sea and other environments, so that the icing and melting rates of the test water body under simulated conditions are obtained; and samples of the test water body can be collected at any stage in the test, and the pollutant concentration can be detected, so that transport and transformation of the pollutants in the icing and melting process of the test water body can be ob- tained, researchers do not need to extract water samples in the field, and the researchers can know the influence of the icing and melting process on the transport and transformation of the pollu- tants.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a test device for simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in the icing process of a water body of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, a test device for simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in the icing process of a water body, comprising a barrel body 1 and a refrigeration system 101, wherein the bottom of a top opening of the barrel body 1 is closed, the barrel body 1 is made of a transparent material, the outer wall of the barrel body 1 is provided with a transparent thermal insulation layer 14, and the barrel body 1 is used for supporting the test water body 2; and the refrigeration system 101 comprises an evaporator 3, the evaporator 3 is arranged at a posi- tion, close to an opening of the cylinder 1, in the cylinder 1, and the refrigeration system 101 is used for controlling a temper- ature of first space from the surface of the test water body 2 in the cylinder 1 to the opening of the barrel body 1 through the evaporator 3.
Specifically, the barrel body 1 can be made of acrylic, or can be made of low-temperature-resistant glass, the barrel body 1 is preferably a cylindrical barrel body 1, and diameter and height of the barrel body 1 can be specifically set according to the re- quirements of a simulation test. The test water body 2 supported in the barrel body 1 may be a water sample from rivers, lakes or sea to be studied. It should be noted that when the simulation test is performed, the loading amount of the test water body 2 in the barrel body 1 is not excessive, and the water surface of the test water body 2 is of a certain distance from the opening of the barrel body 1, so as to avoid contact with the evaporator 3 of the refrigeration system 101.
The thermal insulation layer 14 arranged on the outer wall of the barrel body 1 needs to be a transparent state or a transparent material, so as to ensure that researchers can see the icing state or the melting state of the test water body 2 in the barrel body 1 through the thermal insulation layer 14 and the outer wall of the barrel body 1.
The working principle of the refrigeration system 101 may re- fer to th working principle of a refrigerator, an air conditioner and the like, and working devices in the refrigeration system 101 may also refer to the working principle of a refrigerator, an air conditioner and the like. A refrigeration component of the refrig- eration system 101 is an evaporator 3, and the evaporator 3 may take away heat around the evaporator 3, so as to reduce the ambi- ent temperature around the evaporator 3 and then achieve a refrig- eration effect. The evaporator 3 is arranged in the barrel body 1 and located at a position close to the opening of the barrel body 1. The evaporator 3 may be suspended in the barrel body 1 through a metal pipeline, or may be arranged in the barrel body 1 through a support, or may be adhered to the inner wall of the barrel body 1 through heat-insulating viscose, so that the temperature in the barrel body 1 can be controlled by the evaporator 3. After the test water body 2 is supported in the barrel body 1, the refriger- ation system 101 can start to work, and the space from the water surface of the test water body 2 in the barrel body 1 to the open- ing of the barrel body 1 is cooled to the test temperature through the evaporator 3, and then the icing or melting simulation test of the test water body 2 is carried out. The space from the water surface of the test water body 2 in the barrel 1 to the opening of the barrel body 1 is referred to as the first space.
In addition, the operation of the refrigeration system 101 may be controlled by a manual switch, or may be connected to a terminal device (not shown in the figure} and controlled by the terminal device. The temperature of the first space in the barrel body 1 can be measured in a manual manner, and can also be detect- 5 ed in real time by arranging the temperature sensor 6, and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 6 can be further transmitted to the terminal device, the temperature is read through the terminal device, and the operation of the refrigera- tion system 101 is controlled.
According to the test device for simulating transport and transformation of pollutants in the icing process of a water body, the barrel body 1 can support the test water body 2, and the evap- orator 3 of the refrigeration system 101 is arranged at the posi- tion, close to the opening, in the barrel body 1, so that the space temperature above the test water body 2 in the barrel body 1 can be controlled through the evaporator, the ambient temperature in real environment during icing and melting of the water body can be simulated, and then the water body can be gradually iced or gradually melted in the barrel body 1, thus realizing the simula- tion of icing and melting of the test water body. In addition, the outer wall of the barrel body 1 is provided with a transparent thermal insulation layer 14, so that the test water body 2 inside the barrel 1 from exchanging heat with the outside air while en- suring that the test water body 2 in the barrel 1 is frozen or melted, so that the simulation of icing and melting of the test water body 2 is closer to the real environment. The test water body 2 can simulate the icing and melting process in rivers, lakes, sea and other environments, so that the icing and melting rates of the test water body 2 under simulated conditions are ob- tained; and samples of the test water body 2 can be collected at any stage in the test, and the pollutant concentration can be de- tected, so that transport and transformation of the pollutants in the icing and melting process of the test water body 2 can be ob- tained, researchers do not need to extract water samples in the field, and the researchers can know the influence of the icing and melting process on the transport and transformation of the pollu- tants.
The barrel body 1 comprises a first layer side wall 11 and a second layer side wall 12, and a vacuum layer 13 is arranged be- tween the first layer side wall 11 and the second layer side wall 12; and the vacuum layer 13 and the second layer side wall 12 form a thermal insulation layer 14.
Specifically, the barrel body 1 may be a double-layer glass barrel body 1 with middle being vacuum, so as to reduce or isolate the heat exchange between inside and outside of the barrel body 1, so that the icing and melting simulation test of the test water body 2 is closer to the real. The first layer side wall 11 is a glass layer, and the second layer side wall 12 is also a glass layer.
Alternatively, the thermal insulation layer 14 may be a ther- mal insulation material having a preset thickness wrapped on the outer wall of the barrel body 1, the thermal insulation material may be a plastic thermal insulation material or a plastic thermal insulation layer 14 with a thermal insulation coating layer, and the preset thickness may be specifically set according to the characteristics of the thermal insulation material and the needs of the thermal insulation level, and is not specifically limited in the present invention.
In an embodiment, the refrigeration system 101 further com- prises a condenser 4, a compressor 5, a temperature sensor 6 and a temperature controller 7, wherein the condenser 4 and the compres- sor 5 are connected in series with the evaporator 3 through pipe- lines, the temperature sensor 6 is connected to the temperature controller 7, the temperature sensor 6 is used for detecting the temperature of the first space and sending the corresponding tem- perature signal to the temperature controller 7, and the tempera- ture controller 7 is connected to the compressor 5 and is used for controlling the operation of the compressor 5 based on the temper- ature signal. The working principle of the refrigeration system 101 may refer to the working principle of a refrigerator.
Specifically, the condenser 4, the compressor 5, and the tem- perature controller 7 are all arranged outside the barrel body 1, and the condenser 4 and the compressor 5 are of a certain distance from the barrel body 1 to avoid the influence of heat transfer.
The condenser 4 and the compressor 5 can be led out of the barrel body 1 through the arrangement of the pipelines, and the tempera- ture controller 7 is connected to the outside of the barrel body 1 through wires. The temperature controller 7 may be independently arranged, or may be self-contained in the compressor 5, as long as the compressor 5 can be controlled to work according to the tem- perature signal detected by the temperature sensor 6. The specific control manner and the signal transmission mode are known to the persons skilled in the art, and details are not described herein again. The temperature controller 7 can control the compressor 5 to work according to the settings of the researchers and the sig- nals of the temperature sensor 6. For example, the researchers can set the temperature at -15 DEG C through the temperature control- ler 7, and then the temperature controller 7 can obtain the tem- perature of the first space through real-time detection of the temperature sensor 6, and if the temperature is not reached to -15
DEG C, the compressor 5 is controlled to continue working, other- wise, the compressor 5 is controlled to stop working.
In an embodiment, the temperature sensor 6 is arranged at a position close to the surface of the test water body 2 in the bar- rel body 1.
Specifically, in order to make the simulation test closer to the actual water body icing or melting, the temperature sensor 6 is arranged at a position close to the surface of the test water body 2, so that the ambient temperature of the test water body 2 can be controlled relatively accurately. The temperature sensor 6 may be suspended in a suitable position of the barrel body 1 by means of metal wire lifting, and the position may be adjusted ac- cording to the height of the surface of the test water body 2.
Further, the edge of the opening of the barrel body 1 is pro- vided with a groove (not shown in the figure) communicating inside and outside of the barrel body 1, a pipeline passes through the groove to arrange the evaporator 3 in the barrel body 1, and the depth of the groove is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the pipeline.
Specifically, the groove formed in the edge of the opening of barrel body 1 may be a rectangular groove, or may be an arc-shaped groove, and the groove may be formed together with the barrel body 1, so that the pipeline may pass through the groove to arrange the evaporator 3 in the barrel body 1, and a connecting wire of the temperature sensor 6 may also extend into the barrel body 1 through the groove. Moreover, due to the fact that the depth of the groove is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the pipeline, no object protruding the edge at the opening of the bar- rel body 1 exists, so that a cover body can be buckled above the barrel body 1 to reduce the heat exchange between cold energy in the barrel body 1 and external air.
The cover body (not shown in the figure) may be rotatably connected to the edge of the top opening of the barrel body 1, and may be buckled on the opening of the cylinder body 1. In addition, avoidance space or a through hole can be formed in the cover body according to the setting mode of the evaporator 3 and the setting mode of the temperature sensor 6. For example, when the evaporator 3 extends vertically through the pipeline into the barrel body 1, and a pipeline is arranged above the opening of the barrel body 1, a long-strip-shaped notch can be formed in the cover body, so that when the cover body rotates to cover the opening of the barrel body 1, the pipeline can extend out of the opening.
In an embodiment, the side wall of the barrel body 1 is pro- vided with scale lines from the opening to the bottom.
Specifically, the scale lines are arranged, and the barrel body 1 is in a transparent state, so that the researchers can vis- ually see the icing thickness of the test water body 2 in the bar- rel body 1, or see the remaining thickness of the test water body 2 after icing, and observation and reading of the researchers are facilitated.
In order to facilitate the researchers to read the thickness of a ice layer in the test water body 2 at a plurality of angular positions of the barrel body 1, the number of the scale lines can be set to four, and the four scale lines are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the outer wall of the barrel body 1.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2031263A NL2031263B1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | Test device for simulating of transport and transformation of pollutants in icing/melting process of water bodies of rivers, lakes and sea |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2031263A NL2031263B1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | Test device for simulating of transport and transformation of pollutants in icing/melting process of water bodies of rivers, lakes and sea |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL2031263B1 true NL2031263B1 (en) | 2023-09-18 |
Family
ID=88144543
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2031263A NL2031263B1 (en) | 2022-03-11 | 2022-03-11 | Test device for simulating of transport and transformation of pollutants in icing/melting process of water bodies of rivers, lakes and sea |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NL (1) | NL2031263B1 (en) |
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2022
- 2022-03-11 NL NL2031263A patent/NL2031263B1/en active
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