NL2025134B1 - Multi-channel bulk-queue coal-gangue sorting equipment based on x-ray recognition - Google Patents
Multi-channel bulk-queue coal-gangue sorting equipment based on x-ray recognition Download PDFInfo
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- NL2025134B1 NL2025134B1 NL2025134A NL2025134A NL2025134B1 NL 2025134 B1 NL2025134 B1 NL 2025134B1 NL 2025134 A NL2025134 A NL 2025134A NL 2025134 A NL2025134 A NL 2025134A NL 2025134 B1 NL2025134 B1 NL 2025134B1
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- Prior art keywords
- coal
- gangue
- channel
- conveying belt
- conveyor belt
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000291564 Allium cepa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/346—Sorting according to other particular properties according to radioactive properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/365—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a single separation means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/36—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution
- B07C5/363—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air
- B07C5/367—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a plurality of separation means
- B07C5/368—Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution by means of air using a plurality of separation means actuated independently
Landscapes
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses multi-channel bulk-queue coal-gangue sorting equipment based on X-ray recognition and belongs to the technical field of coal-gangue sorting equipment. The multi-channel bulk-queue coal-gangue sorting equipment based 5 on X-ray recognition includes a shell, a feeding inlet, a feeding channel, a conveying belt and a discharging channel. A lower end of the feeding inlet is connected with the feeding channel. A vibration grading sieve is arranged at a lower end of the feeding channel. A tail end of the feeding channel is arranged on the conveying belt. An X-ray generator is arranged on an upper inner wall of the shell. The arranged X-ray generator is located 10 over the conveying belt. A sensor is arranged in the conveying belt. The sensor is located under the X-ray generator. A set of spray valves is arranged on the upper inner wall of the shell. The spray valves are located over the conveying belt. The spray valves are arrayed linearly. A tail end of the conveying belt extends into the discharging channel. A collecting tank is arranged at a lower end of the discharging channel. Through a solution, 15 the problems of incomplete separation of coal and gangue and low separation efficiency in a coal-gangue sorting process are solved.
Description
BACKGROUND Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of coal-gangue sorting equipment, in particular to multi-channel bulk-queue coal-gangue sorting equipment based on X-ray recognition.
Related Art X-rays belong to a kind of electromagnetic radiation, have a wavelength of only
0.01-10 nm, have a fluctuation property and can reflect, diffract, scatter and absorb objects with light properties. Therefore, the X-rays may be configured to sort raw coal by means of different effects between the X-rays and substances. When the X-rays with certain intensity transmit the substances, the wavelength remains unchanged. When the X-rays penetrate a high-density or thicker object, the intensity of the X-rays is attenuated more. When the X-rays penetrate a low-density or thinner object, the intensity of X-rays is attenuated less. Therefore, images with large differences in brightness and shade are formed on a fluorescent screen. When the X-rays with certain intensity transmit the substances, since the substances with a low atomic number have weak absorption ability to the X-rays, the transmissivity of the rays is high, so that the images formed are brighter. Since the substances with a high atomic number have strong absorption ability to the X-rays, the transmissivity of the rays is low, so that the images formed are darker. It is generally considered that substances with the density being less than 1.8 g/cm3 are coal, and substances with the density being greater than 1.8 g/cm3 are gangue. Therefore, for the X-rays with given intensity, the coal has the low density and weak absorption to the X-rays, the intensity of the X-rays is attenuated less, the images formed are brighter, while the gangue has the high density and strong absorption to the X-rays, the intensity of the X-rays is attenuated more, and the images formed are darker. Since an equivalent atomic number of the coal is 7 and an equivalent atomic number of the gangue is 12, when the X-rays penetrate the coal, the X-rays are attenuated less due to the small atomic number of the coal, and the images on the fluorescent screen are brighter, while the gangue has the larger atomic number and absorbs more X-rays, residual X-rays have the lower intensity, so that the images of the gangue are darker. When the raw coal passes through a sensor, a computer receives digital signals transmitted from a data collection card and converts them into gray-scale images through X-View2 software. The software conducts operation of segmentation, edge extraction, noise reduction, filtering, gray value calculation and the like on the images according to a set algorithm to extract feature values of the coal and the gangue. The feature values are compared with preset threshold values to recognize that a material is the coal or the gangue.
In processes of coal production and processing, the coal directly mined from a mine without any processing treatment is called gross coal, also known as raw coal. Due to various reasons, there are always some other impurity minerals mixed in the mined raw coal. The minerals bring difficulties to the quality and washing processing and utilization of the coal. With rapid development of science and technologies, coal mining tends to be automatic and intelligent increasingly, which also speeds up the progress of coal mining. The grade of the raw coal is lower and lower, that is, the content of lump coal is lower and lower, but the content of the gangue is higher and higher. How to separate the coal and the gangue quickly and effectively has increasingly become a hot-spot issue concerned by the coal industry. As for gangue sorting through ray recognizing, absorption to ray energy is different according to the different density of the coal and the gangue. Because the natural density of the coal and the natural density of the gangue have a large difference, when rays transmit the raw coal with certain intensity, the absorption effect of the gangue to the rays is stronger, while the absorption effect of the coal to the rays is poorer. Therefore, a ray detector receives ray intensity signals with different attenuation degrees. Digital images with a large brightness difference are formed on an upper computer through a series of signal conversion. Then a system analyzes and processes the obtained images, and finally separation of the coal and the gangue is realized through a sorting mechanism. At present, a device for separating the coal and the gangue quickly and effectively is urgently needed.
SUMMARY In view of shortcomings in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide multi-channel bulk-queue coal-gangue sorting equipment based on X-ray recognition so as to solve the problems of incomplete separation of coal and gangue and low separation efficiency in a coal-gangue sorting process.
The objective of the present invention may be realized by the following technical solution: The multi-channel bulk-queue coal-gangue sorting equipment based on X-ray recognition includes a shell, a feeding inlet, a feeding channel, a conveying belt and a discharging channel. A lower end of the feeding inlet is connected with the feeding channel. A vibration grading sieve is arranged at a lower end of the feeding channel. A tail end of the feeding channel is arranged on the conveying belt. An X-ray generator is arranged on an upper inner wall of the shell. The arranged X-ray generator is located over the conveying belt. A sensor is arranged in the conveying belt. The sensor is located under the X-ray generator. The upper inner wall of the shell is fixedly connected with baffles. The baffles are located over the conveying belt. Lower ends of the baffles are at a distance of one millimeter from the conveying belt. A set of spray valves is arranged on the upper inner wall of the shell. The spray valves are located over the conveying belt.
The spray valves are arrayed linearly. A tail end of the conveying belt extends into the discharging channel. A collecting tank is arranged at a lower end of the discharging channel.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the collecting tank includes clean coal tanks and gangue tanks, and the clean coal tanks and the gangue tanks are arranged linearly in a staggered mode.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the number of the clean coal tanks is four, and the number of the gangue tanks is three.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the number of the spray valves in the set of spray valves is six.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, a dust removal device is arranged at an upper end of the discharging channel.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the shell is made of a radiation shielding material.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the radiation shielding material is a lead alloy.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, a camera is arranged on the upper inner wall of the shell and located over the conveying belt.
The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. By skillfully using the wooden baffles, original disorderly and scattered transmission of the coal and the gangue on the conveying belt becomes orderly and uniform motion in a queue, laying a foundation for more precise separation.
2. Sorting which can be only realized during horizontal projectile motion of the coal and the gangue originally is advanced to the surface of the conveying belt. When passing through the X-ray generator and the sensor, raw coal forms a plurality of linearly-arrayed channels due to the previous allocating of the wooden baffles, so that the recognizing precision and efficiency of the raw coal are improved.
3. High-pressure spray valves originally placed at the tail end of the conveying belt are advanced to a position over the surface of the conveying belt, so that the plurality of high-pressure spray valves may carry out hitting separation quickly after precisely judging the coal and the gangue. The coal keeps an original motion track to enter the clean coal tanks. The gangue is hit to change a previous motion track to enter the gangue tanks.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly describes the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments or the prior art. Apparently, persons of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative efforts. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conveying belt of an embodiment of the present invention.
Label descriptions in the figures are as follows: 1 denotes a shell, 2 denotes a conveying belt, 3 denotes a baffle, 4 denotes an X-ray generator, 5 denotes a sensor, 6 denotes a spray valve, 7 denotes a collecting tank, 8 denotes a dust removal device, 9 denotes a feeding inlet, 10 denotes a feeding channel, 11 denotes a discharging channel, 12 denotes a vibration grading sieve, 13 denotes a clean coal tank, and 14 denotes a gangue tank.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION The following clearly and completely describes the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments instead of all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1, multi-channel bulk-queue coal-gangue sorting equipment based on X-ray recognition includes a shell 1, a feeding inlet 9, a feeding channel 10, a conveying belt 2 and a discharging channel 11. A lower end of the feeding inlet 9 is connected with the feeding channel 10. A vibration grading sieve 12 is arranged at a lower end of the feeding channel 10. A tail end of the feeding channel 10 is arranged on the conveying belt 2. An X-ray generator 4 is arranged on an upper inner wall of the shell
1. The arranged X-ray generator 4 is located over the conveying belt 2. A sensor 5 is arranged in the conveying belt 2. The sensor 5 is located under the X-ray generator 4.
The upper inner wall of the shell 1 is fixedly connected with baffles 3. The baffles 3 are located over the conveying belt 2. Lower ends of the baffles 3 are at a distance of one millimeter from the conveying belt 2. A set of spray valves 6 is arranged on the upper inner wall of the shell 1. The spray valves 6 are located over the conveying belt 2. The spray valves 6 are arrayed linearly. A tail end of the conveying belt 2 extends into the discharging channel 11. A collecting tank 7 is arranged at a lower end of the discharging channel 11.
The conveying belt 2 is overall a cuboid and is made of a composite material of rubber and fibers. Friction of raw coal on the conveying belt may be increased, sliding of the raw coal in a transmission process is reduced, a feeding rate of a feeding system is increased, and a foundation is laid for following separation.
The baffle 3 are each a semicircular wooden baffle, are at a distance of 50 cm from the feeding inlet, and are evenly distributed 1 cm over the surface of the conveying belt and fixed with suspension. The raw coal enters the conveying belt disorderly and dispersedly from the feeding inlet, horizontally moves on the conveying belt to the baffles and is allocated to two sides of the baffles orderly in a queue by the baffles. A plurality of linearly-arrayed coal and gangue channels are formed. The first time of sorting of the sorting equipment is completed.
When X-rays with certain intensity transmit substances, since the substances with a low atomic number have weak absorption ability to the X-rays, the transmissivity of the rays is high, so that images formed are brighter. Since the substances with a high atomic number have strong absorption ability to the X-rays, the transmissivity of the rays is low, so that images formed are darker. It is generally considered that substances with the density being less than 1.8 g/cm3 are coal, and substances with the density being greater than 1.8 g/cm3 are gangue. Therefore, for the X-rays with given intensity, the coal has the low density and weak absorption to the X-rays, the intensity of the X-rays is attenuated less, the images formed are brighter, while the gangue has the high density and strong absorption to the X-rays, the intensity of the X-rays is attenuated more, and the images formed are darker. Since an equivalent atomic number of the coal is 7 and an equivalent atomic number of the gangue is 12, when the X-rays penetrate the coal, the X-rays are attenuated less due to the small atomic number of the coal, and the images on a fluorescent screen are brighter, while the gangue has the larger atomic number and absorbs more X-rays, residual X-rays have the lower intensity, so that the images of the gangue are darker. When the raw coal passes through the sensor, a computer receives digital signals transmitted from a data collection card and converts them into gray-scale images through X-View2 software. The software conducts operation of segmentation, edge extraction, noise reduction, filtering, gray value calculation and the like on the images according to a set algorithm to extract feature values of the coal and the gangue.
The feature values are compared with preset threshold values to recognize that a material is the coal or the gangue.
The spray valves 6 are high-pressure gas valves. The high-pressure gas valves are located 10 cm behind the sensor 5, evenly distributed 10 cm over the surface of the conveying belt and configured to precisely separate the coal and the gangue. The high-pressure gas valves receive signals from the sensor. The gas valves are controlled to be opened to hit out the gangue. A main working process of the mechanism is as follows: when the computer judges that the material is the gangue, action starts, the high-pressure gas valves are controlled to be opened after a certain time delay, and the gangue is hit to change a previous motion track to enter gangue tanks; and if the computer recognizes that the material is the coal, the high-pressure gas valves do not act, and the coal keeps an original motion track to enter clean coal tanks.
The collecting tank 7 includes clean coal tanks 13 and gangue tanks 14, and the clean coal tanks 13 and the gangue tanks 14 are arranged linearly in a staggered mode. The number of the clean coal tanks 13 is four, and the number of the gangue tanks 14 is three. A classifying box for clean coal and the gangue is provided.
The number of the spray valves in the set of spray valves 6 is six.
A dust removal device 8 is arranged at an upper end of the discharging channel 11. The spray valves 6 spray out high-pressure gas to enable the shell to generate dust. The dust removal device 8 is configured to reduce the dust.
The shell 1 is made of a radiation shielding material. The radiation shielding material is a lead alloy. The equipment applies the X-ray generator, and thus the lead alloy is configured to reduce radiation.
A camera is arranged on the upper inner wall of the shell 1 and located over the conveying belt 2. The camera is configured to observe sorting conditions of the clean coal and the gangue on the conveying belt 2.
In the raw coal transmission process of the present invention, a queue is formed and the purpose of sorting is realized. The problems of low separation precision and low efficiency of a traditional sorting device are changed. Through skillful use of the wooden baffles, the transmission efficiency of the whole sorting equipment is greatly improved. The present invention may be configured to optimize transmission mechanisms and separation mechanisms of all sorting machines.
The present invention aims to solve the problems of incomplete separation of the coal and the gangue and low separation efficiency in a coal-gangue sorting process and limit a motion process of the coal and the gangue on the conveying belt. The multi-channel coal and gangue bulk-queue sorting equipment is designed. Through the wooden baffles, irregular distribution of the coal and the gangue on the conveying belt becomes orderly and uniform distribution. The spray valves are optimized. The purpose of efficient separation of the coal and the gangue on the conveying belt is realized. The cost is lowered advantageously, and resources are saved.
In the descriptions of this specification, descriptions using reference terms such as "an embodiment", "an example", or "a specific example" mean that specific characteristics, structures, materials, or features described with reference to the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic descriptions of the foregoing terms do not necessarily directed at a same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in an appropriate manner.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the foregoing embodiments, descriptions in the foregoing embodiments and the specification merely describe the principles of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes and improvements shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
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CN202010058924.2A CN111229638A (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | Multichannel scattered queue coal and gangue sorting equipment based on X-ray identification |
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Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112024454A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-12-04 | 上海明波通信技术股份有限公司 | Automatic coal sorting device |
CN112536241B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-04-22 | 安徽理工大学 | Coal and gangue separating device |
CN112676188B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-10-11 | 山西三元煤业股份有限公司 | Coal and gangue separation and conveying system |
CN112827835A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-25 | 太原理工大学 | Method and device for separating coal and gangue by using inclined belt conveyor underground |
CN113634500A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-11-12 | 安徽中科光电色选机械有限公司 | Nut class material X light is selected separately device |
CN113560210A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-10-29 | 安徽理工大学 | Tilting disk type coal gangue sorting equipment |
CN114535096B (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2024-01-23 | 安徽理工大学 | Gangue separation system and separation method thereof |
Citations (2)
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CN204544797U (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-08-12 | 郑州大河智信科技股份公司 | A kind of intelligent gangue sorter |
US20180243800A1 (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-08-30 | UHV Technologies, Inc. | Material sorting using a vision system |
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DE3611926A1 (en) * | 1986-04-09 | 1987-10-22 | Farkas Ingbuero | Method for dry screening products mixed with one another and apparatus for carrying out the method |
CN101637765B (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-09-19 | 巨龙融智机电技术(北京)有限公司 | Automatic separator of coal gangue |
CN202021164U (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-11-02 | 青岛农业大学 | Peanut exterior quality detecting and sorting device |
CN105537145A (en) * | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-04 | 天津美腾科技有限公司 | Intelligent lump coal dry method inverted separation system |
CN110107298A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-09 | 河北工程大学 | Coal mine selecting, which is filled, stays integrated mining system |
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2020
- 2020-01-19 CN CN202010058924.2A patent/CN111229638A/en active Pending
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN204544797U (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2015-08-12 | 郑州大河智信科技股份公司 | A kind of intelligent gangue sorter |
US20180243800A1 (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2018-08-30 | UHV Technologies, Inc. | Material sorting using a vision system |
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