NL2022058B1 - Method for producing an electron bath circuit for interaction with any of a touch screen and a sensor, as well as a passive tag for comprising said electron bath circuit. - Google Patents
Method for producing an electron bath circuit for interaction with any of a touch screen and a sensor, as well as a passive tag for comprising said electron bath circuit. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2022058B1 NL2022058B1 NL2022058A NL2022058A NL2022058B1 NL 2022058 B1 NL2022058 B1 NL 2022058B1 NL 2022058 A NL2022058 A NL 2022058A NL 2022058 A NL2022058 A NL 2022058A NL 2022058 B1 NL2022058 B1 NL 2022058B1
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- Prior art keywords
- circuit
- conductive
- substrate
- capacitor
- reference potential
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
- G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
- G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/08—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes
Abstract
Method for producing a passive tag for interaction with an electronic circuit, such as a touch screen of a detection device, such as a smartphone, comprising the steps of: - providing an electrically non-conductive substrate; - printing an electrically conductive circuit onto said substrate, said circuit comprising a plurality of pads arranged for interacting with said electronic circuit, such as said touch screen of said detection device, such as a smartphone, when said pads are proximate to said touch screen; wherein said step of printing said circuit comprises printing a electron bath circuit for mimicking a human body, wherein said circuit comprises a plurality of reference potential generation members and a conductive floating reference element, such that said pads are connected to said conductive floating element via said plurality of reference potential generation members.
Description
Title: Method for producing an electron bath circuit for interaction with any of a touch screen and a sensor, as well as a passive tag for comprising said electron bath circuit.
Description
The present invention relates to a method for producing an electron bath circuit for interaction with any of a touch screen and a sensor, as well as any interconnected conductible structures such as passive tags.
A method for producing a passive tag is known from the prior art. Said method comprises the steps of providing a non-conductive substrate and connecting an electrical circuit thereto. Said circuitry comprises a plurality of conductive pads at a first outer surface of said substrate such that said pads can interact with a touch screen of a smartphone; and at least one electrode at a second outer surface opposite said first outer surface, which electrode can be touched by a person’s hand. Said pads are connected to said at least one electrode such that, when a person touches said electrode, said passive tag can be used to interact with said touch screen.
A drawback is that said method is inflexible. In particular it is cumbersome to produce a passive tag that durably functions under various circumstances.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a more flexible method for producing a passive tag, which method is less cumbersome, while a durable functioning of said passive tag is achieved.
To this end, the invention, in a first aspect, provides a method for producing an electron bath circuit for interaction with an electronic circuit, such as any of a touch screen and a sensor, said method comprising the steps of:
providing an electrically non-conductive substrate printing or any other thin film structuring of an electrically conductive circuit onto said substrate, said circuit comprising a single or a plurality of pads arranged for interacting with said electronic circuit, such as said touch screen or said sensor;
wherein said step of printing said circuit comprises printing an electron bath circuit, wherein said electron bath circuit comprises a single or a plurality of reference potential generation members and a conductive floating reference element, wherein said single or plurality of pads are connected to said conductive floating element via a respective reference potential generation member of said single or plurality of reference potential generation members.
By printing said electron bath circuit comprising said reference potential generation member and said conductive floating reference element onto said substrate, it is possible to relatively easily provide a stable connection between said substrate and circuit. Therefore, said method is less cumbersome.
It was an insight of the inventor that by printing said circuit comprising a reference potential generation member and a conductive floating reference element, it is possible to provide a passive tag that is free from an electrode arranged at an outer surface of said substrate. This way, it is possible to use a tag wherein said tag is free from skin contact. Therefore said tag is more flexibly usable even without the interaction with the human body.
In other words, it is possible to use said tag to interact with an electronic circuit, such as a touch screen, without the need for skin contact, i.e. without the need to connect to a human body.
Moreover, by providing said conductive floating reference element, it is possible to provide a passive tag that is free from a power source, such as a battery. In this particular example the floating reference element may be electrically induced using the environment, or using the touch screen of the smart phone itself.
With 3D printing is meant a manufacturing process that forms layers of material to create a three-dimensional object. Often said object is formed by forming multiple layers on top of each other. Said forming is, for instance, achieved by positioning layers of (partially) liquid (non-) conductive material, or hardening layers of photosensitive material by exposing said photosensitive material to light. In practice said object is based on a digital blueprint of, for instance, a physical model, or a CADd rawing.
Within the context of the present invention, the terms non-conductive and conductive are used for indicating the relative conductive properties of a certain aspect I material. In this context, it is to be understood that a non-conductive material is significantly less conductive compared to a conductive material.
Within the context of this document, with the term proximate is meant near field communication, for example a range between 0-3 cm.
Within the context of this document, said conductive floating reference element is suitable for creating a virtual ground, i.e. a connection to a virtual ground not being a definite ground. In some embodiments, the conductive floating reference element is formed by a part of a capacitor. The stored electrical energy can be used for capacitive coupling with said detection device. Said conductive floating reference element forms a virtual ground in said circuit.
Said conductive floating reference element can comprise an capacitor, inductor, or an electret.
Said virtual ground is defined as a node of said circuit that is maintained at a steady reference potential, wherein it is free from a direct connection to ground.
An electret is a dielectric material that has a quasi-permanent electric charge or dipole polarisation. When actuated, it generates an electric coupling with said pads to enable said pads to interact with said detection device.
Within the context of this document, said reference potential generation member is a member suitable for providing a current path to said pads, such that said pads can be detected by a detection device, such as a touch screen of a smartphone.
Within the context of this document, said electron bath circuit is made for interaction with said sensor or with a touch screen of a mobile device. In the first, said electron bath circuit is intended to improve the measurements of said sensor. The electron bath circuit then provides a stabilization, or reference point for the sensor. This may improve the quality of the sensor.
One of the advantages of the present disclosure is that no longer a human body is required to assure a detection of the tag by a touch screen, more specifically a smart phone or the like. The present disclosure enables the tag to be used without a human body, i.e. stand alone.
It was an insight of the inventor that by incorporating an electron bath circuit in said passive tag, it is no longer required to have a conductive element at the circumference for connection to a human body. This improves the durability and life span of the passive tag.
In accordance with the present disclosure, a passive tag comprises a plurality of pads, wherein said tag is readable, or identifiable, by a detection device. Said detection device may uniquely identify the tag by identifying the positions of the pads with respect to each other. The positions of the tags are, for example, determined by the distance between them and the orientation of the pads in a two dimensional plane. A passive tag can, for instance, be attached to clothing, or another object, by means of gluing, or stitching, wherein said tag carries information that can be read by said detection device.
Following the above, the inventors have found that, for accurate capacitive measurements, e.g. skin conductive measurements, or capacitive detection, e.g. detection of tags by the mobile phone capacitive display, a stable reference potential may be required. In general, this may be provided by the ground wire of a circuit or by a terminal which is connected via a distributed network of inductive, capacitive and/or resistive elements to ground, for example virtual ground. The human body can act e.g. as such a virtual ground.
For a number of applications such a connection to ground may not be available. Therefore, without a reference potential the capacitive measurement becomes at best highly inaccurate.
The current invention describes a solution to this problem in the form of an open circuit which provides an Alternating Current, AC, floating reference potential that can be used for e.g. capacitive measurements when a direct ground or indirect ground, i.e. virtual ground, is not available or possible. The open circuit can be implemented in different ways: for example using a capacitive element, an inductive element or an electrostatic element, or anything alike. This will be explained in more detail here below.
It is noted that the electron bath circuit in accordance with the present disclosure may be usable for a variety of applications.
One of the aspects of the electron bath circuit is that it can be used as a reference path for devices I appliances that are not connected to an electric earth, for example mobile devices. The electron bath circuit may then form a reference point which may act as a ground for these devices. Such devices may thus be considered as devices that may be carried, moved, replaced or anything alike.
One of the possible applications for the electron bath circuit is directed to smart clothing and/or electronics that may be carried by a person. The electron bath circuit may then act as a reference point for improving the measurement signal of sensors present in the clothing or the electronics.
Another possible application is directed to electronics inside dashboards of vehicles. These types of applications, generally, also do not have any direct relation to ground. The electron bath circuit may then be used to improve the signalling present in the electronics comprised by the dashboard.
Yet another possible application is directed to a smart stamp I stylus. In such an example, the electron bath circuit may act as a human body mimicking circuit for mimicking the presence of a human body. The electron bath circuit may, thus, generate static electricity to a contact pad, such that a touch screen is able to detect the touch pad as if it was a finger of a person.
An even further possible application is directed to Integrated circuits, IC’s, and/or analogue circuits. Here, the electron bath circuit may decouple the contact pads from the electronics connected thereto.
Examples of the present invention are described below.
In an example, said conductive floating reference element is any of: a conductor;
a part of a capacitor;
an electret.
In an example of the first aspect said step of providing an electrically non-conductive substrate comprises printing said substrate. An advantage of this example is that said production method is even more flexible. Said substrate can be easily provided with a huge variety of circuits. Also, said circuit can be free from discrete external components. With discrete components is meant that external hardware components comprising of material that is different from said substrate and/or said conductive material. An discrete component is for instance a readymade assembled component, such as a conductor, or a resistor, etc., that can be attached to said substrate by, for instance, soldering.
Moreover, it is possible to arrange said circuit comprising said reference potential generation member and said conductive floating reference element, wherein said non-conductive substrate surrounds said circuit. It is thus possible to provide a floating reference element that is free and safe from direct contact with (conductive) objects other than those comprised by said passive tag.
In an example, said conductive floating reference element is said part of said capacitor, wherein said capacitor comprises two parallel conductive plates, wherein a first of said two plates is connected to one of said plurality of reference potential generation members, and wherein said second of said two plates forms said floating reference element, wherein a surface area of said second plate is larger than a surface area of said first plate.
In an example, said surface area of said second plate is at least two times larger than said surface area of said first plate.
In a further example, said conductive floating reference element is said conductor, and wherein a first end of said conductor is connected to one of said plurality of reference potential generation members, and wherein said second end of said conductor is floating.
In an even further example, said conductive floating reference element is said electret, wherein a first part of said electret is connected to one of said plurality of reference potential generation members, and wherein said second end of said electret is floating.
In an example said step of printing said plurality of reference potential generation members comprises printing any or all of a resistor, a capacitor, an inductor for each of said reference potential generation member. This way the method is more flexible in positioning said resistor, said capacitor and/or said inductor.
In an example, said step of printing said reference potential generation members comprises printing a plurality of first capacitor parts of each of said plurality of reference potential generation members respectively, and a common capacitor part of said conductive floating reference element, each first capacitor part and said common capacitor part together forming a capacitor. An advantage of this example is that a relatively compact electron bath circuit can be provided. Moreover, because said parts are printed, they can be easily arranged on (or in) said substrate.
In an example step of printing said reference potential generation members comprises printing a plurality of first capacitor parts of each of said plurality of reference potential generation members, and wherein said method further comprises the steps of:
providing an insulation layer on top of said substrate;
providing a conductive layer on top of said insulation layer, wherein said conductive layer forms a common capacitor part of said conductive floating reference element for each said first capacitor parts.
This way a relatively compact passive tag is achieved.
In an example said method further comprises the steps of: providing an insulation layer on top of said substrate; folding said substrate such that a first part of said substrate is on top of said second part of said substrate, wherein said first part comprises said common capacitor part of said conductive floating reference element and wherein said second part comprises said plurality of first parts of said capacitor such that a plurality of capacitors are formed between said common capacitor part and each of said plurality of first parts of said capacitor. In this case it is possible that said first capacitor parts are arranged on a first section of said substrate, and said common capacitor part is arranged on a second section of said substrate, wherein said second section is foldable towards said first section such that said common capacitor part is overlapping said first capacitor parts. In particular, said first capacitor parts are, prior to said folding, arranged in substantially the same plane as said common capacitor part.
An advantage of this example is that a compact passive tag can be achieved relatively quickly.
In an example silver or dielectric ink is used for printing said circuit. Both turn out to be suitable printable conductive materials.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a passive tag produced according to a method of the first aspect. Advantages of the second aspect correspond to those of the first aspect. It is in particular advantageous that the dimensions of said passive tag and/or the content of thereof can vary both in number of components and the orientation of said components.
In an example of the second aspect, said passive tag is free from a power source, such as a battery. This way, said passive tag is more durable.
The above-mentioned and other features and advantages of the invention will be best understood from the following description referring to the attached drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals denote identical parts or parts performing an identical or comparable function or operation.
The invention is not limited to the particular examples disclosed below in connection with a particular type passive tag with an electron bath circuit.
Figure 1 presents a schematic view of a possible embodiment of a passive tag with an electron bath circuit according to the invention.
Figure 2 presents a schematic cross sectional view of said tag of Figure 1.
Figure 3 presents a possible embodiment of tag with an electron bath circuit according to the invention.
Figure 4 presents a schematic view of four embodiments of an inductor for use in an electron bath circuit according to the invention.
Figure 5 presents a perspective view of a possible embodiment of a passive tag according to the present invention.
Figure 1 presents a schematic view of an electron bath circuit 1 for use in a passive tag 10. Said circuit 1 comprises three identical circuit parts 11, 12, 13. Each circuit part 11, 12, 13 comprises an electrically conductive contact pad 2, and a respective reference potential generation member 4 with a capacitor part 8. Electrically conductive lines 3 connect each of said pads 2 to each respective reference potential generation member 4 and each capacitor part 8. Each capacitor part 8 forms a capacitor 6 with a common capacitor part 7. Said capacitor parts 7, 8 together form a capacitive conductive floating reference element 6.
Each of said capacitor parts 8 and said common capacitor part 7 are substantially flat. Said parts 7, 8 can be, for instance, plate shaped or formed by a curved or bevelled, for instance, spiral line of conductive material.
Said reference potential generation member 4 comprises a resistor (not shown in Figure 1 and 2) and a capacitor part 8. It is however also possible that each reference potential generation member 4 comprises a resistor, an inductor and/or a capacitor.
In Figure 1 and 2 said floating reference element 6 is formed by a capacitor. However, said floating reference element can also be formed by connecting inductors 9 of said reference potential generation member 4 as can be seen in Figure 3.
For making a tag visible to a touchscreen of a smartphone a potential difference/stabilization between the stamp and the touchscreen may be needed. Otherwise no disturbances may be noticed in the capacitive field of measured by the touchscreen controller. None of the existing solutions are flexible and can be additive integrated into existing systems.
The same problem holds for wireless sensors in which charge and discharge potential stabilization is needed to filter out noise over wires.
All current tag and/or capacitive touch pens that interact with the capacitive sensors of the touchscreen of a smartphone are based on a virtual ground circuit where a real person provides the virtual ground. When the tag is disconnected from ground or from a person, the tag is not recognized anymore by the mobile phone.
For accurate measurements of e.g. muscle voltage of a person a balanced capacitive measurement may be needed to filter out the common mode noise. For this type of circuit, a reference electrode far away of the two signal electrodes is needed to provide a virtual ground reference, for example via the body RLC network. Figure 2 presents a cross sectional side view of a passive tag 10 comprising an electrically non-conductive substrate 14 having a circuit like that of Figure 1 printed connected to said substrate 14. Said pad 2 is arranged at an outer surface 15 of said substrate 14 such that it can communicate with a detection device (not shown), for instance, by means of near field communication (NFC). Said pad 2 is connected via a conductive line 3 with said reference potential generation member 4, which in turn is connected, via a further line 3, to a first generation member side part 8 of said reference potential generation member 4. Adjacent to said first capacitor part 8 said common capacitor part 7 is arranged, wherein said common capacitor part 7 is free from contact with any conductive object. Also a space is provided between said first capacitor parts 7 and said common capacitor part 7. Said floating reference element 6 is arranged to couple electrically with said pads.
Figure 3 presents a possible embodiment of a electron bath circuit 1 of the present invention. Said circuit 1 comprises two pads 2 for interacting with a detection device, wherein each of said two pads 2 is connected, via respective lines 3, to a respective reference potential generation member 4 having a respective further line 3 and a respective inductor 9. Said inductor 9 is connected to a common floating reference element 6, indicated by a dashed line 6, forming a virtual ground of said circuit 1. Said pads 2 are thus indirectly, via said circuit 1, connected to each other. In Figure 3 said common floating reference element 6 is connected to each inductor 9. It is however also possible that each inductor 9 is connected to a respective floating reference element 6 wherein said respective floating reference elements are free from a connection to each other, i.e. wherein said floating reference elements are not connected to each other.
It is noted that the electron bath circuit, in accordance with the present disclosure, is mostly discussed with respect to a passive tag. As mentioned before, many applications may be applicable for the electron bath circuit besides the use thereof in a tag. One of the advantages of the present disclosure is that the electron bath circuit provides for a stable reference point that may act as a replacement for an electric ground in devices, applications, that do not have access to a fixed electric ground.
That is, the applications that are mostly suitable for interaction with the electron bath circuit are applications which do not have a connection to a fixed electric ground and do not have a battery. Typically, these types of applications are directed to devices, appliances, articles that are moveable, i.e. they can be carried. In other terms, those devices, appliances, articles are mobile.
In the embodiments of the present invention, said conductive material can be copper, silver or any other printable or thin film producible metal.
Figure 4 shows four inductor arrangements A, B, C, D for use in said reference potential generation members 4 and/or said floating reference element. Each of said inductors A, B, C, D are substantially flat and formed by a line 24 of conductive material. Said line 24 has rounded or bevelled corners, wherein said line 24 spirals around a central axis 23 from a starting point 21 towards an end point 22.
Figure 5 presents a perspective view of an embodiment of a passive tag 10 according to the present invention. Said passive tag 10 comprises a substrate 14 and an electron bath circuit 1 having two circuit parts 11, 12 attached to said substrate 14, a dielectric layer 33, and a common capacitor part 7.
Said substrate 14 comprises edges 35, 36, 37, 38 that define a substrate plane for providing a basis for said electron bath circuit 1. Said substrate 14 comprises a first 39 and a second section 40 which are divided by a folding line 31. Said folding line extends perpendicular to said edges 35, 36 from edge 35 to edge 36 in said plane defined by said edges 35, 36, 37, 38. Near said folding line 31 said edges 35, 36 are provided with a recess 34. Also, said edges 35, 36 are each provided with further recesses near said edge 38 and edge 39.
Said electron bath circuit 1 comprises two circuit parts 11, 12. Each circuit part 11, 12 comprises a conductive pad 2, a conductive line 3 and a conductive reference potential generation member 4 arranged on said substrate 14.
Said pads 2 are arranged adjacent to said edge 38, whereas said first capacitor parts 8 and said common capacitor 7 are arranged near said edge 37, which edge 37 is opposite to said edge 38.
Said reference potential generation member 4 comprises a resistor 32 and a first capacitor part 8. Said first capacitor part 8 is plate shaped, wherein said plate shape extends substantially in said plane of said substrate 14. As can be seen in Figure 5, said first capacitor parts 8 extend solely in said second section 40. Said resistor 32 is closer to said pad 2 than said first capacitor part 8.
Said dielectric layer 33 is positioned above said substrate 14, said pads 2, said lines 3, and said reference potential generation members 4. Said dielectric layer 33 provides a non-conductive layer between said first capacitor parts 8 of said reference potential generation member 4 and said common capacitor part 7. Said dielectric layer 33 extends between said edges 35, 36, 37, 38, wherein said layer 33 overlaps said second section 40 completely and said first section 39 partially.
Said common capacitor part 7 is arranged above said dielectric layer 33, wherein said common capacitor part 7 is further away from said substrate 14 than said dielectric layer 33. Said common capacitor part 7 extends between said edges 35, 36, 37 and said folding line 31, such that said common capacitor part 7 overlaps each of said first capacitor parts 8.
A connection between said substrate 14, said circuit 1, said dielectric layer 33 and said common capacitor part 7 can, for instance, be achieved by means of gluing, or material binding of 3D printed material.
When said substrate 14, said circuit 1, and dielectric layer 33, and said common capacitor part 7 are connected to each other said first section 39 comprises said pads 2, a piece of said lines 3, and a piece of said dielectric layer 33. In this case said second section 40 comprises another piece of said lines 3, said reference potential generation members 4 with said resistors 32 and said first capacitor parts 8, another piece of said dielectric layer 33, and said common capacitor part 7.
Said folding line 31 forms a line over which said second section 40 can be folded towards said first section 39. In this case, said dielectric layer 33 comprises a similar folding line (not shown).
When said second section 40 is folded onto said first section 39 a passive tag 10 is formed that comprises, from top to bottom, the following layers:
a substrate layer comprising pads 2;
a dielectric layer;
a common capacitor layer comprising said common capacitor 7;
another dielectric layer; and
- a substrate layer comprising said reference potential generation members 4.
It should be clear that the description above is intended to illustrate the operation of preferred examples of the present invention, and not to reduce the scope of protection of the invention. Starting from the above description, many 10 embodiments will be conceivable to the skilled person within the inventive concept and scope of protection of the present invention. The scope of protection is defined by the claims below.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2022058A NL2022058B1 (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Method for producing an electron bath circuit for interaction with any of a touch screen and a sensor, as well as a passive tag for comprising said electron bath circuit. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2022058A NL2022058B1 (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Method for producing an electron bath circuit for interaction with any of a touch screen and a sensor, as well as a passive tag for comprising said electron bath circuit. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL2022058B1 true NL2022058B1 (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2022058A NL2022058B1 (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | Method for producing an electron bath circuit for interaction with any of a touch screen and a sensor, as well as a passive tag for comprising said electron bath circuit. |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NL (1) | NL2022058B1 (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2458526A1 (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-05-30 | Printechnologics GmbH | System and method for retrieving information from a data carrier |
| US20180024672A1 (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2018-01-25 | T+Ink Gmbh | Self-grounding capacitive information carrier and its use |
-
2018
- 2018-11-23 NL NL2022058A patent/NL2022058B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2458526A1 (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-05-30 | Printechnologics GmbH | System and method for retrieving information from a data carrier |
| US20180024672A1 (en) * | 2015-02-19 | 2018-01-25 | T+Ink Gmbh | Self-grounding capacitive information carrier and its use |
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| MM | Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20211201 |