NL2005665C2 - Exhaust and motorized vehicle comprising the exhaust. - Google Patents

Exhaust and motorized vehicle comprising the exhaust. Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2005665C2
NL2005665C2 NL2005665A NL2005665A NL2005665C2 NL 2005665 C2 NL2005665 C2 NL 2005665C2 NL 2005665 A NL2005665 A NL 2005665A NL 2005665 A NL2005665 A NL 2005665A NL 2005665 C2 NL2005665 C2 NL 2005665C2
Authority
NL
Netherlands
Prior art keywords
exhaust
engine
outlet
fibers
space
Prior art date
Application number
NL2005665A
Other languages
Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Adriaan Beukers
Geltink Jeroen Klein
Michael Johannes Leonardus Tooren
Sotiris Koussios
Original Assignee
Univ Delft Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Univ Delft Technology filed Critical Univ Delft Technology
Priority to NL2005665A priority Critical patent/NL2005665C2/en
Priority to EP11785152.7A priority patent/EP2638262A1/en
Priority to PCT/NL2011/050774 priority patent/WO2012064194A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL2005665C2 publication Critical patent/NL2005665C2/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/148—Multiple layers of insulating material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/143—Pre-insulated pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L59/00—Thermal insulation in general
    • F16L59/14—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems
    • F16L59/147—Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems the insulation being located inwardly of the outer surface of the pipe
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F01N2310/02—Mineral wool, e.g. glass wool, rock wool, asbestos or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F01N2310/04—Metallic wool, e.g. steel wool, copper wool or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2310/00—Selection of sound absorbing or insulating material
    • F01N2310/14—Wire mesh fabric, woven glass cloth or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/02—Surface coverings for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2530/00—Selection of materials for tubes, chambers or housings
    • F01N2530/18—Plastics material, e.g. polyester resin
    • F01N2530/20—Plastics material, e.g. polyester resin reinforced with mineral or metallic fibres

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for handling hot exhaust gasses discharged from an internal combustion engine. The device comprises a housing (2), enclosing a space (3) for transporting the exhaust gasses. The housing (2) is provided with an entrance - opening (4) for the exhaust gasses discharged from the engine and an exit-opening (5) for transporting the exhaust gasses away from the engine, and comprises a flexible thermal insulating layer, arranged for resisting the temperature of the exhaust gasses discharged from the engine, and a supporting structure (8) at a side of the insulating layer opposite from the space, which supporting structure (8) is made of reinforcing fibres embedded in a matrix. The housing (2) further comprises a liner (16) of a porous fibrous structure facing the space (3). The invention relates further to a motorized vehicle provided with an internal combustion engine and an exhaust (1) according to the invention connected to the engine or a manifold of the engine.

Description

Exhaust and motorized vehicle comprising the exhaust
The invention relates to an exhaust. The invention also relates to a motorized vehicle comprising the exhaust.
5
Exhausts are widely used in multiple types of motorized vehicles, such as cars, motorbikes, buses, boats etcetera. Exhausts transport gasses discharged under pressure from an internal combustion engine away from the engine. Depending on the overall exhaust design, the exhaust gas may flow through one or more of a cylinder head and 10 exhaust manifold, a turbocharger to increase engine power, a catalytic converter to reduce air pollution and a silencer to reduce noise. Exhausts are subject to diverse conditions, such as mechanical loads (shock loads, mechanical vibrations and bending), high temperatures up to 1100° C and above, arising from the exhaust gasses and moisture. Known exhausts are made from metals, such as stainless steel, which are 15 strong, durable, but are also heavy.
To overcome some of the above-mentioned problems it is known to use fiber-reinforced materials in at least a part of the exhaust. For example, the silencer in exhausts of motorbikes can be made from carbon fibres embedded in a high temperature resistant 20 resin. However, the temperature of the exhaust gasses discharged from the engine has significantly decreased as they enter the silencer.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust, which is lighter than the known exhausts made from steel.
25
According to the invention, this object is achieved by an exhaust for exhaust gasses discharged from an internal combustion engine, comprising: a housing, enclosing a space for transporting the exhaust gasses, wherein the housing is provided with an entrance-opening for the exhaust gasses discharged from the engine and an exit-opening 30 for transporting the exhaust gasses away from the engine, wherein the housing comprises a flexible thermal insulating layer facing the space, which insulating layer is arranged for resisting the temperature of the exhaust gasses discharged from the engine, and a supporting structure at a side of the insulating layer opposite from the space, which supporting structure is made of reinforcing fibres embedded in a matrix. The 2 insulating layer allows the use of a supporting structure made of fibres embedded in a matrix, which results in an exhaust, which is lighter than the known exhausts made from steel. In addition, the use of a flexible insulating layer allows for the deformation of the insulating layer. Increasing pressure of exhaust gasses in the exhaust will deform the 5 insulating layer, thereby increasing the cross-section of the exhaust. This leads to a decrease of the pressure of exhaust gasses, which results in an increase of power of the engine. By exhaust is in particular meant the header-back, which is the part of the exhaust from the outlet of the manifold to the final vent to open air. However, the manifold itself may also be part of the exhaust according to the invention. Several 10 insulating materials may be suitable for insulating the support structure. All that is required is that the insulating layer is arranged for resisting the temperature of the exhaust gasses discharged from the engine. The insulating layer and the support structure can be designed as separate parts. The insulating layer and the support structure can also be integrally formed, e.g. by using a pile fabric, wherein the lower 15 side of the pile fabric is embedded in the matrix of the support structure, thereby forming the reinforcing part of the support structure.
In a first embodiment the flexible thermal insulating layer comprises a first layer facing the space, arranged for withstanding a first temperature and a second layer at a side of 20 the first layer opposite from the space, arranged for withstanding a second temperature, wherein the first temperature is higher than the second temperature, and wherein the second layer comprises a specific heat capacity higher than 0,5 (kJ/(kg*K)), preferably higher than 0,6 (kJ/(kg*K)) and most preferably higher than 0.7 (kJ/(kg*K)). Such a thermal insulating layer comprising a first and second layer allows for more design 25 flexibility of the exhaust. In this embodiment the second layer can be chosen to have higher heat capacity at the expense of a lower heat resistance, due to the presence of the first layer facing the space. As a result, for a given temperature of the exhaust gasses, the temperature of the support structure is lower due to the increased heat capacity of the second layer. As a result a larger variety of materials, both the reinforcing fibres as 30 well as the matrix, can be selected, thereby giving more freedom to design.
Surprisingly, the second layer provides for sufficient specific heat capacity, while being sufficiently heat resistant, wherein the second layer can be designed low weight and thin.
3
In a preferred embodiment the first insulating layer is a permeable fibrous structure, comprising fibres selected from the group consisting of: steel, silicium, calcium, aluminium, titanium, zirconium, platinum and combinations thereof. Surprisingly, an insulating layer made from such materials can be designed relatively thin while 5 providing high heat insulation. A thin insulation layer allows for the use of a smaller support structure for a given space, which leads to a more lightweight exhaust. A particular suitable material is Superwool®, from the company Thermal ceramics. Superwool® is composed of silicium (50-82 wt%), calcium and magnesium (18-43 wt%), aluminium, titanium and zirconium (less than 6 wt%), and trace oxides.
10
In another embodiment the second layer comprises a material with a closed cell structure. This allows for a moisture barrier from the exhaust gasses towards the support structure and may increase the durability of the exhaust.
15 The second layer may also comprise a material with an open-cell structure, which provides the second layer for increased elastic properties. For a given pressure, the second layer will deform more, thereby increasing the effective cross-section of the exhaust for transporting the exhaust gasses, which provides the engine with increased power.
20
In a preferred embodiment the second layer comprises an aerogel. An aerogel comprises a high heat capacity and is lightweight, as it comprises a relative high percentage of air, up to 90%. Aerogel is a silicum-based substance, derived from silicum gel. Aerogel can have a density as low as 1 mg/cm3. For comparison the density of air is 1.2 mg/cm3.
25 Aerogel combines good thermal insulating properties with high a heat capacity.
For increasing design flexibility and strength of the second insulation layer, the second insulation layer preferably comprises micro-fibres. Preferred fibres are metallic, carbon, silicium and glass fibres.
30
The supporting structure may comprise varying reinforcing fibres. Preferably the reinforcing fibres are sufficiently heat resistant to resist the temperature as conducted through the insulation layer. Sufficiently heat resistant reinforcing fibres have a melting temperature of at least 200 °C, preferably at least 300 °C, and most preferably at least 4 400°C. When the used reinforcing fibres are amorphous, such as in the case of glass fibres, a melting temperature cannot clearly be indicated or determined. Sufficiently heat resistant amorphous fibres are able to withstand the temperatures indicated above in a tensile test conducted at these temperatures and at a tensile stress of 10% of their 5 room temperature tensile strength for an hour.
In an embodiment the support structure comprises reinforcing fibres selected from the group consisting of: polyamide fibres, polyester fibres such as Vectran®, carbon fibres, PBO-fibres (Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole)), aramide-fibres, steel-fibres, 10 platinum-fibres, PBI fibres (Polybenzimidazole), glass fibres, silicon carbide fibres and combinations thereof. Such fibres combine low weight with high strength and temperature resistance. Combinations of the reinforcing fibres provide for further increased design flexibility and may increase impact resistance of the support structure. The support structure may comprise fibres different from the first insulating layer.
15 However, the support structure may also comprise the same fibres as the first insulating layer, or a mixture of fibres different from the first insulating layer and the same fibres as the first insulating layer.
The supporting structure may comprise varying matrix materials. Preferably, the matrix 20 material is sufficiently heat resistant to resist the temperature as conducted through the insulation layer. With sufficiently heat resistant is meant that the matrix material has a glass transition temperature Tg of at least 90°C, preferably at least 140 °C, and most preferably at least 190°C. In an embodiment the matrix of the supporting structure comprises a matrix, which is composed of a polymeric material, and more preferred of a 25 material elected from the group consisting of poly-imides, epoxy, phenol-formaldehyde, melamine and combinations thereof. In another embodiment the matrix comprises a mineral polymer. Preferred mineral polymers are described in W00024690 and in US6103007, both documents being incorporated in their entirety by reference in the present application. Such a matrix comprising a mineral polymer shows good 30 temperature and oxidative resistance, allows for easy processing and is environment-friendly.
In an embodiment the first and/or second layer comprises a textile structure comprising fibres, such as a braid, a woven fabric and the like. This provides for design flexibility, 5 in that the shape, in particular the cross-sectional shape, of the exhaust along its length may be varied depending on design requirements. An example is to design the exhaust such that a catalyst is positionable in the inner space of the exhaust or an additional muffler. This embodiment also provides for an easier integration of the function of the 5 manifold as the shape of the manifold and in particular the part of the manifold for coupling to the engine can be adjusted.
Although it is assumed that the inner side of the housing facing the space should be smooth for reducing noise and to ensure a homogeneous airflow, it is surprisingly found 10 that this is not required. As a result during use the exhaust according to the present invention leads to decreased pressurization and as a result the performance in terms of power of the combination of the engine and the exhaust increases. In yet another embodiment the housing is provided with a ceramic coating on the side of the thermal insulating layer facing the space to further improve the performance in terms of power 15 of the combination of the engine and the exhaust increases. In addition such a coating may improve the sound insulating properties of the exhaust. In other words, the function of a silencer, also named muffler has been integrated in the exhaust.
The exhaust according to the invention can be fitted directly with an engine, for 20 example in the case the engine comprises only one cylinder. The exhaust according to invention is particularly suitable to be used in combination with a manifold connected to the engine, wherein the exhaust is connectable downstream to the manifold. Although it may be more difficult to manufacture, the exhaust may also be adapted to be connected to the cylinder exits from the engine. In an embodiment therefore the exhaust comprises 25 at least two housings, whether or not mutually interconnected, each enclosing a space for transporting the exhaust gasses and wherein each housing is provided with an entrance-opening for the exhaust gasses discharged from a manifold connected to the engine and an exit-opening for transporting the exhaust gasses away from the engine.
As a result no manifold is needed anymore, leading to easier assembly of the exhaust 30 and the engine and in a more lightweight exhaust. In other words, the function of the manifold has been integrated in the exhaust.
6
For allowing for an easy connection to the engine or to the manifold the exhaust comprises at least one coupling element, for connecting the exhaust to a manifold or directly to an internal combustion engine.
5 The invention also relates to a motorized vehicle provided with an internal combustion engine and an exhaust according to the invention connected to the engine or a manifold of the engine. For the advantages of the vehicle according to the invention see the advantages as described in relation to the exhaust according to the invention.
10 The invention will now be further elucidated with reference to the following schematic figures, without however being limited thereto.
Figure 1 schematically shows a perspective view of an exhaust according to the invention, and 15 Figure 2 schematically shows an exploded view of an embodiment of the exhaust according to figure 1.
With reference to figure 1 an exhaust 1 for exhaust gasses discharged from an internal combustion engine is shown. The exhaust comprises a tubular housing 2, which housing 20 2 encloses a space 3 for transporting the exhaust gasses. The housing 2 is further provided with an entrance-opening 4 for the exhaust gasses discharged from the engine and an exit-opening 5 for transporting the exhaust gasses away from the engine, according to arrow PI. The housing 2 comprises a flexible thermal insulating layer facing the space 3, which insulating layer is arranged for resisting exhaust gasses 25 discharged from the engine. The flexible thermal insulating layer comprises a first layer 6 facing the space 3, which is arranged for withstanding a first temperature, and a second layer 7 at a side of the first insulating layer opposite from the space 3, arranged for withstanding a second temperature, wherein the first temperature is higher than the second temperature. The second layer 7 comprises a specific heat capacity higher than 30 0,5 (kJ/(kg*K)), preferably higher than 0,6 (kJ/(kg*K)) and most preferably higher than 0.7 (kJ/(kg*K)). Further the housing 2 comprises a supporting structure 8 at a side of the insulating layer opposite from the space 3, which supporting structure 8 is made of reinforcing fibres embedded in a matrix.
7
The first layer 6 is made of Superwool®, manufactured by the company Thermal ceramics. Superwool is composed of silicium (50-82 wt%), calcium and magnesium (18-43 wt%), aluminium, titanium and zirconium (less than 6 wt%), and trace oxides. The second layer 7 is made of the open-cell structure material Aerogel, comprising 5 microfibers and is manufactured by the company Aspen Aerogels. The support structure 8 comprises carbon fibres embedded in matrix made from phenol-formaldehyde.
Further the housing 2 is provided with a ceramic coating on the side of the thermal insulating layer facing the space 3 of the exhaust 1.
10 With reference to figure 2 an embodiment of the exhaust 1 of figure 1 is shown. The exhaust 1 comprises a coupling element 9 near the entrance-opening 4 and an exitopening 5 for connecting the exhaust 1 to a manifold or an internal combustion engine (not shown). The coupling elements 9 are manufactured from steel and comprise a cylindrical part 9a, which is dimensioned to be at least partly within the positioned into 15 the space 3 surrounded by the first layer 6. Distal from the housing 2 the coupling elements 9 are provided with a plate 9b manufactured from steel, which plate 9b is provided with holes 9c, for connecting the exhaust 1 to a manifold or engine (not shown).
20 There are several methods of manufacturing the exhaust according to the invention. An example of manufacturing the exhaust according to the invention is as follows:
The second layer 7 from aerogel is shaped into its correct tubular dimensions, where after a piece of Superwool® forming the first layer 6 is cut into the correct dimensions 25 and positioned within the second layer 7 in the tubular form. Then, layers of carbon fibres are positioned around the second layer 7 of the two halves of the support structure 8. Finally, the layers of carbon fibres are injected in the matrix and cured, thereby forming a consolidated support structure 8.
30 The invention has been described by the above examples, but is not limited thereto, and different modifications can be made within the scope of the invention, as defined by the attached claims.

Claims (14)

1. Uitlaat voor door een inwendige verbrandingsmotor uitgestoten uitlaatgassen, omvattende: 5. een behuizing die een ruimte omsluit voor het transporteren van de uitlaatgassen, waarbij de behuizing is voorzien van een inlaatopening voor de door de motor uitgestoten uitlaatgassen, en een uitlaatopening voor het weg van de motor transporteren van de uitlaatgassen, waarin de behuizing een naar de ruimte gekeerde flexibele warmte-isolatielaag omvat, welke isolatielaag is ingericht om de temperatuur 10 van de door de motor uitgestoten uitlaatgassen te weerstaan, en een steunstructuur aan een van de ruimte afgekeerde zijde van de isolatielaag, welke steunstructuur is vervaardigd uit in een matrix ingebedde versterkingsvezels.An outlet for exhaust gases emitted by an internal combustion engine, comprising: 5. a housing enclosing a space for transporting the exhaust gases, the housing being provided with an inlet opening for the exhaust gases emitted by the engine, and an outlet opening for the exhaust transporting the exhaust gases from the engine, wherein the housing comprises a flexible heat insulation layer facing the space, which insulation layer is adapted to withstand the temperature of the exhaust gases emitted by the engine, and a support structure on a side remote from the space of the insulating layer, which support structure is made of reinforcement fibers embedded in a matrix. 2. Uitlaat volgens conclusie 1, waarin de flexibele warmte-isolatielaag een eerste 15 naar de ruimte gekeerde laag omvat, die is ingericht om te weerstaan aan een eerste temperatuur, en een tweede laag aan een van de ruimte afgekeerde zijde van de isolatielaag, aangebracht voor het weerstaan van een tweede temperatuur, waarbij de eerste temperatuur hoger is dan de tweede temperatuur, en waarbij de tweede laag een soortelijke warmte heeft die hoger is dan 0,5 (kJ/(kg*K)), bij voorkeur hoger dan 0,6 20 (kJ/(kg*K)), en met nog meer voorkeur hoger dan 0,7 (kJ/(kg*K)).2. Exhaust according to claim 1, wherein the flexible heat insulation layer comprises a first layer facing the space, which is arranged to withstand a first temperature, and a second layer arranged on a side of the insulation layer remote from the space. for resisting a second temperature, wherein the first temperature is higher than the second temperature, and wherein the second layer has a specific heat that is higher than 0.5 (kJ / (kg * K)), preferably higher than 0 , 6 (kJ / (kg * K)), and even more preferably higher than 0.7 (kJ / (kg * K)). 3. Uitlaat volgens conclusie 2, waarin de eerste laag een doordringbare vezelige structuur is, die vezels omvat gekozen uit de groep bestaande uit: staal, silicium, calcium, aluminium, titanium, zirkonium, platina en combinaties daarvan. 25The outlet of claim 2, wherein the first layer is a permeable fibrous structure comprising fibers selected from the group consisting of: steel, silicon, calcium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium, platinum and combinations thereof. 25 4. Uitlaat volgens een der conclusies 1-3, waarin de tweede laag een materiaal met een gesloten celstructuur omvat.The outlet of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the second layer comprises a material with a closed cell structure. 5. Uitlaat volgens een der conclusies 1-3, waarin de tweede laag een materiaal met 30 een open celstructuur omvat.5. Exhaust according to any of claims 1-3, wherein the second layer comprises a material with an open cell structure. 6. Uitlaat volgens conclusie 5, waarin de tweede laag een aerogel omvat.The outlet of claim 5, wherein the second layer comprises an airgel. 7. Uitlaat volgens conclusie 6, waarin de aerogel microvezels omvat. 35The outlet of claim 6, wherein the airgel comprises microfibers. 35 8. Uitlaat volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarin de draagstructuur versterkingsvezels omvat gekozen uit de groep bestaande uit: polyamidevezels, polyestervezels, koolstofvezels, PBO-vezels, aramidevezels, staalvezels, platinavezels, PBI-vezels, glasvezels, siliciumcarbidevezels en combinaties daarvan. 5An outlet according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support structure comprises reinforcing fibers selected from the group consisting of: polyamide fibers, polyester fibers, carbon fibers, PBO fibers, aramid fibers, steel fibers, platinum fibers, PBI fibers, glass fibers, silicon carbide fibers and combinations thereof. 5 9. Uitlaat volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarin de steunstructuur een matrix omvat, die is samengesteld uit een materiaal gekozen uit de groep bestaande uit epoxy, polyimiden, fenol, fenolformaldehyde, melamine en combinaties daarvan.The outlet of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support structure comprises a matrix composed of a material selected from the group consisting of epoxy, polyimides, phenol, phenol formaldehyde, melamine and combinations thereof. 10. Uitlaat volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarin de eerste en/of tweede laag een vezelbevattende textielstructuur omvat, zoals een vlechtsel, een weefsel en dergelijke.10. An outlet according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first and / or second layer comprises a fiber-containing textile structure, such as a braid, a fabric and the like. 11. Uitlaat volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarin de behuizing is voorzien 15 van een keramische bekleding op de naar de ruimte gekeerde zijde van de warmte- isolatielaag.11. Exhaust according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the housing is provided with a ceramic coating on the side of the heat insulation layer facing the space. 12. Uitlaat volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarin de uitlaat minstens twee behuizingen omvat, die elk een ruimte omsluiten voor het transporteren van de 20 uitlaatgassen en waarin elke behuizing is voorzien van een inlaatopening voor de door een op de motor aangesloten spruitstuk uitgestoten uitlaatgassen en een uitlaatopening voor het van de motor weg transporteren van de uitlaatgassen.12. Exhaust as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the outlet comprises at least two housings, each enclosing a space for transporting the exhaust gases and wherein each housing is provided with an inlet opening for the exhaust gases emitted by a manifold connected to the engine and an outlet opening for transporting the exhaust gases away from the engine. 13. Uitlaat volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarin de uitlaat minstens één 25 koppelelement omvat om de uitlaat aan te sluiten op een spruitstuk of een inwendige verbrandingsmotor.13. Exhaust according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the outlet comprises at least one coupling element for connecting the outlet to a manifold or an internal combustion engine. 14. Gemotoriseerd voertuig voorzien van een inwendige verbrandingsmotor en een uitlaat volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, aangesloten op de motor of op een 30 spruitstuk van de motor.14. Motorized vehicle provided with an internal combustion engine and an exhaust according to any one of the preceding claims, connected to the engine or to a manifold of the engine.
NL2005665A 2010-11-11 2010-11-11 Exhaust and motorized vehicle comprising the exhaust. NL2005665C2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2005665A NL2005665C2 (en) 2010-11-11 2010-11-11 Exhaust and motorized vehicle comprising the exhaust.
EP11785152.7A EP2638262A1 (en) 2010-11-11 2011-11-11 Hot gas handling device and motorized vehicle comprising the device
PCT/NL2011/050774 WO2012064194A1 (en) 2010-11-11 2011-11-11 Hot gas handling device and motorized vehicle comprising the device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2005665 2010-11-11
NL2005665A NL2005665C2 (en) 2010-11-11 2010-11-11 Exhaust and motorized vehicle comprising the exhaust.

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NL2005665C2 true NL2005665C2 (en) 2012-05-15

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US11001008B2 (en) 2016-06-03 2021-05-11 University Of South Carolina Welding head and method for use with polymeric components
CN115163269A (en) * 2022-05-17 2022-10-11 福安市隆凯电机有限公司 Plate penetrating structure of exhaust pipe of generator set

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