NL2003011C2 - Dimmable energy-saving lamp. - Google Patents
Dimmable energy-saving lamp. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2003011C2 NL2003011C2 NL2003011A NL2003011A NL2003011C2 NL 2003011 C2 NL2003011 C2 NL 2003011C2 NL 2003011 A NL2003011 A NL 2003011A NL 2003011 A NL2003011 A NL 2003011A NL 2003011 C2 NL2003011 C2 NL 2003011C2
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- NL
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- Prior art keywords
- saving lamp
- circuit
- parallel
- lamp according
- dimmable energy
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/36—Controlling
- H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
- H05B41/39—Controlling the intensity of light continuously
- H05B41/392—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
- H05B41/3921—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations
- H05B41/3924—Controlling the intensity of light continuously using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor with possibility of light intensity variations by phase control, e.g. using a triac
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/56—One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Description
P88604NL00 TITLE: Dimmable Energy-Saving Lamp.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 5 Low-power Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) are steadily becoming the new standard means of providing lighting in the household environment and, as new designs of High power versions becomes available, the commercial and industrial sectors are starting using them, also.
10 The old incandescent system is being superseded by new forms of new
Energy-Saving lightning transducers, of which the CFLs are the types most cost-effective in terms of overall performance, at the present time.
As the general household sector begins to exchange the old trusted incandescent bulbs for the new CFL technology, the users soon take credit of 15 its inherent advantages, namely its efficiency, improved luminosity and cool running. But they soon discover that when attempted to be dimmed the new lamps start to flicker and soon fail altogether.
Now, instead of a smooth co-relation between the original sinusoidal input Voltage and Current, an unpredictable situation occurs, in which only burst 20 of Current is drawn from the supply line at irregular intervals within the Voltage waveform reference, depending on the load’s demands.
This bad situation is exacerbated further when attempting to dim the CFLs with the standard, so called Phase Cut (PhC) dimmers, (the popular-one generally available in the general household sector), as the dimmer itself is a 25 source of distorted power, as it goes on doing it’s business progressively chopping the input waveforms to the lamps as it’s setting is advanced to restrict it’s power output.
While in the art, some attempts have been made to design ballast device 100s for fluorescent lighting lamps allowing for smooth dimming, these types 2 demand complex high frequency electronic circuitry due to the non-linearity conductive restrictions of the load.
5 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
The invention has as an object to provide a dimmable Energy-Saving Lamp with a simple passive circuit layout that allows for easy placement in a compact saving lamp. Without limitation, the following objects are considered.
10 (1) To present a new, preferred integrated and practical embodiment of an enhanced High-Power-Factor and reduced distortion CFL-lamp.
(2) To present a new dimmable CFL capable to being dimmed down to 10% of full brightness or lower.
(3) To design a novel CFL capable of being dimmed by any type of Phase-Cut 15 dimmer.
(4) To reduce the lamp’s start-up stress by providing an integrated filament’s pre-heat feature, therefore helping to prolong its standard life cycle.
(5) To present a novel CFL design that is robust, simple to understand and easy to integrate, using standard and generally multi-sourced electronic 20 components, as to be manufactured from a very competitive advantage basis.
In accordance with some aspects of the invention, a dimmable energy saving lamp is provided comprising a light-transducer low-pressure gas tube including filaments arranged for starting the tube light transducing process; a high-frequency switching-mode ballast device for driving the gas tube, the 25 ballast device comprising a bridge rectifier section having an AC input and a DC bridge rectifier output; a high frequency oscillator circuit coupled to the bridge rectifier output; and a main ballast coil assembly coupled to the oscillator circuit and arranged in series with the gas tube filaments; and further comprising a power factor corrector circuit Al comprising at least one 3 capacitor, coupled in parallel to the DC bridge rectifier output. The power factor corrector circuit includes a flyback diode coupled in parallel over said at least one capacitor. The overall effect of this network is to extend as much as possible the -otherwise severely restricted- angle of conducted current 5 drawn from the supply line.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will further be elaborated with reference to the following 10 Figures:
Fig 1: Block diagram of the CFL
Fig 2: Detailed circuit diagram of Figure 1.
Fig. 3: Standard circuit diagram of a conventional 11W CFL.
Fig. 4: Integrated Power Factor corrector device.
15 In the figures, similar or corresponding elements will be addressed using the same reference numerals.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Before further elaboration on the drawings, the following is considered 20 regarding the switching behaviour of ballast device 100s for CFL. The problem is not the household dimmer or the CFLs themselves. The reason for this poor performance resides mainly in the electronic-properties (characteristic IMPEDANCE) miss-match between them.
25 This dynamic inter-action between the source energy device and its corresponding load counterpart is seldom perfectly efficient, and there is always certain loss when attempting their practical inter-coupling.
4
When an AC load is not a perfect resistor (as generally is the case in the incandescent-type lamps) the electrical source-energy is not converted into light-energy in its entirety: curiously, some part of the incoming-energy is absorbed by the load (and converted into light and heat) and some of it is 5 rejected, or more appropriate, bounced-back towards the source. The load circuit reacts against its source, so to speak due to its reactance.
An AC complex-impedance-load is therefore one that has some resistance and some reactance values. The reactive components of the load are the cause 10 of losses and wasted applied energy, therefore the aim of any good engineering electronics AC design is to keep the resistive/reactive-ratio of the load as high as possible in order to obtain the maximum desirable -but practical- (reads: cost-effective-way) energy-transfer (efficiency) effect. Oneway to express this important ratio is called: the Power-Factor of the load.
15 Other way (mainly concerning known complex loads) might be: the relative index of the load’s capability to do real work.
Power-Factor (PF) can be described as the resultant amount of phase-shift angle between Voltage and Current that can be induced by any load (with 20 some reactive component/s in them) when an AC electrical source-energy is applied to it. The magnitude of the PF is defined as the value of the cosine of said angle, therefore, a unit-less number between 1 and 0.
When the AC load is a pure resistor, practically all the energy is transfer to 25 the load, (as -by definition- there are no reactive components in them), and therefore no phase-shift can occur: the PF is, theoretically, = 1.0.
Voltage and Current are said to be always in-phase: the work efficiency of the circuit is maximum.
5
When an AC load is a pure reactance (i.e.: a perfect Capacitor and/or perfect Inductor), the load not only bounces-back all the incoming energy: but the resultant phase shift is theoretically +/- 90 degrees now, and therefore the PF = 0.0. Transfer efficiency is at minimum, as only heat losses are 5 generated.
In-between these two extreme examples, the real-world of generally useful electronics application resides. One of the most ubiquitous is the modern, so-called, energy-saving CFL.
10 A CFL is composed of a few dozen different electronic components, but basically, can be thought-of a miniature high-frequency switching-mode power supply (HFSMPS) driving a light-transducer low-pressure gas tube 60. The overall input impedance of the CFLs are far removed from the theoretical 15 pure-resistive concept, (vis a vis: the incandescent paradigm.) as their Power Supply (PS) front-end are made (purposely.) highly capacitive due to the need for reservoir or smoothing DC capacitor/s of very significant value, as any good AC/DC/AC frequency converter design must have for its intended stable and reliable long-term operation.
20
This relative significant capacitive character of the input impedance of the classical front-end of the PS of any standard fluorescent lamps tends not only to lower their PF, but as of direct consequence (due to their added full bridge rectifier-diodes standard configuration and conductive behaviour), distorts 25 the incoming the Current supply waveform itself, proportionally increasing the it’s Total Harmonics Distortion (THD).
6
Turning now to Figure 1, the block diagram is divided into two areas: (A) Integrated front-end area including aspects according to the invention; (B) Conventional circuit elements of CFL circuitry including a rectifier; 5
Just for completion and without limitation we refer to the details of Figure 2 to provide an embodiment of the conventional circuitry of the B-area; variations and modifications to this standard circuitry are known and deemed to be included in the specification.
10
Referring specifically to the Al - A4 sections of Figure 1, the following is observed: (1) POWER-FACTOR CORRECTOR.
A Power-Factor Corrector (PFC) is an electronic sub-circuit needed to help 15 reduce as much as possible the phase-shift between the input Voltage and Current wave fronts due to the presence of a complex/non-linear load.
A non-linear load (linear-load= perfect resistor) will generate some sort of spurious, non-desired harmonic (higher multiples.) frequencies that, as they 20 all add-up, will distort somehow, the generally clean sinusoidal fundamental low-frequency Mains supply wave-front (50/60 Hz). The greater the nonlinearity factor, the worse the harmonic distortion will be.
Very strict International Standard are being currently enforced world-wide in 25 respect of the electronic pollution limits that apply specifically to any kind of load/appliance/circuit connected to the L.V. Public Utility Supply distribution lines (110/220VAC) and that includes all luminaries, therefore CFLs, fall within the scope of this sector.
7
They are two main power factor corrector implementation approaches: they are so called passive and active. Respectively, each presents the design and the manufacturing engineers with their own set of electronic and mechanical advantages and restrictions, notably challenging in the case of the CFLs.
5 But the general idea, or rather common goal, is to make, somehow, the load as to look as much resistive as possible, taking in consideration the best price/performance, mechanical space/electronic complexity, and total design effort/features compromises.
10 In the context of the present document, a passive power factor corrector has been chosen for its simplicity, robustness, low-cost and, - as the provided comparative tests will confirm -, it’s very promising results.
The power factor corrector according to an aspect of the invention is 15 practically realized by the integration within a single component sub- assembly (resembling an ordinary polarized 2-terminal electrolytic capacitor) of an electrical network of 2 capacitors and 3 rectifier diodes, placed just after the bridge rectifier B2, superseding the single reservoir capacitor characteristic of standard Low-PF lamps and at the same classical position.
20 The overall effect of this network is to extend as much as possible the - otherwise severely restricted - angle of conducted Current drawn from the Supply line within the reference of the positive and the negative excursions of the input Voltage mains cycle/period.
25 Accordingly the power factor corrector circuit Al comprises a two-terminal network of three serially switched diodes; wherein first and second diodes are coupled in parallel with a first polarized capacitor and wherein second and third diodes are coupled in parallel with a second polarized capacitor; the two-terminal network coupled in parallel to the bridge converter. The flyback 8 diode (D4, D5, D6)s or steering diodes make the capacitors’ distributed overall charging and discharging process (from the supply and to the load respectively) smoother, predictable, balanced, self-adjusting and more independent of the load’s demands. The overall input Current waveform 5 tends to better follow the input Voltage waveform, and as is greatly improved average shape shows, brings into view a clear indication that the nonlinearity conductive restrictions of the load have been largely overcome.
When integrating the electronic components of the capacitive circuit in a 10 single electronic device, an example of which is illustrated in Fig 4, the result of the tight mechanical integration of δ standard electronic components within this new 2-terminal Power-Factor Correction Device saves footprint space and interconnection tracks and holes on the PCB.
15 Accordingly, the power factor corrector circuit Al is preferably designed as a two pin connectable device. The input impedance of the CFL now becomes less reactive, therefore with a marked and more defined resistive behaviour that was originally predicted if no power factor corrector were to be implemented. Much less energy bounces-back towards the supply-lines: the 20 nasty harmonics are greatly restricted and the harmonic distortion is brought within acceptable specification’s margins.
(2) Electro-Magnetic Compatibility counter-measures.
The A2 block of Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a low pass filter 25 including an inductor A2 coupled in parallel to the power factor corrector circuit Al to provide a low pass filter. More particularly, an L-R High Frequency Low-Pass Filter (HF-LPF) A2 is configured in series with the total circuit’s load’s current-return-path 30.
9
Harmonie distortion can be measured with specialized relative low-frequency response analyzers (up to the 40th. Harmonic of the fundamental Mains frequency, -50 or 60 Hz.-, that means roughly up to 25KHz or so.). The current pass-specification usually keep a special watch for the third and the 5 fifth ones, still within the realm of very low frequencies, indeed.
If the power source is a theoretical constant sinusoidal one, and the load is relative stable, the upper terms of the harmonic distortion will be relative greatly reduced. Therefore, with just a properly rated and good performance 10 power factor corrector device added to any CFLs’ front-end, their overall electronic designs will be expected to be within specs.
But that is only part of the whole EMC (Electro-Magnetic Compatibility) assessment that all electrical and electronic products must comply with.
15
Any HFSMPS (high-frequency, switching-mode power supply) is a source of interfering harmonics also, and every CFL must have one due to its inherent AC/DC/AC switching frequency-conversion topology.
As the fundamental of the built-in converter of any CFL is already at around 20 40KHz (and above), we can expect very high frequencies to be present in the total electrical circuit as well, as the load that the converter (more precisely, inverter at this stage) sees, is a highly non-linear one (as it includes the highly complex electronic dynamic behaviour of the tube itself.).
If we add to this scenario the possibility of varying the input power to the 25 tube by means of varying the power input to the whole lamp (and it’s core non-sinusoidal switching driver.) with a waveform-chopping device (any Phase-Cut dimmer comes into view from here on.) we have in every CFL itself a potential interference-generator of very important magnitude indeed.
10
As this EMC-passing regulation extends a mandatory test up to 30MHz, means must be provided to minimize the HF fundamental and its harmonics so generated by the SMPS driving the fluorescent tube circuit.
5 To this effect, an L-R High Frequency Low-Pass Filter (HF-LPF) is configured in series with the total circuit’s load’s current-return-path towards the Mains power source. The inductive element (L) is located in series with the total DC current return circuit, and the resistance element (R), that does double-duty as a safety current-limiter in case of a short-circuit inside the 10 whole CFL assembly, is complementary located in series with the total AC input current path into the lamp.
The inductor is implemented as a HF-choke made of a copper-wire coil wounded around a ferrite core, and the resistor is a low-value, high-power 15 one. All and each element’s current-carrying capacity of the L-R filter must be dimensioned according to the rated output (20-1; 20-2) maximum brightness required for each CFL, taking in consideration, as well, the extra dissipation required to deal effectively with the onset of spurious higher power-terms of significant value, specially when dimming.
20 A full disclosure of the typical values of the components of this HF-LPF is given (as a general practical, feature-enhanced, actual lab implementation example, that has been built based on an standard 11W CFL, and used here with the only purpose as to provide real, complementary and fair comparative 25 test results to the solid validity of this mainly theoretical document) in with reference to Figure 2, below.
11 (3) MAINS-PORT’S DIMMER/LAMP INTERFACE.
Conventional so called Phase-Cut dimmers have at its AC controlled-current core a bi-polar gating electronic component popularly known as a Triac. Accordingly, in an embodiment, the dimming circuit B3 is of a phase-cut off 5 type typically including a triac. As these types of dimmers have been (and still are) the de-facto standard for the entry-level household sector, and as good as their advantages are, such as: low-price, ruggedness and compactness, unfortunately those face-value advantages are offset by they poor control of the brightness of any standard, off the shelf (and so rightly 10 labelled.) non-dimmable CFLs.
When a typical consumer takes them home and attempts to connect them to an existent dimming circuit B3 for the first time, erratic, noisy and severe flickering behaviour soon follows, just only after a few minutes into the trial. 15
Persistent manipulation of the dimmer or re-starting the lamps at low levels, usually leads to the permanent failure of the CFLs, (sometimes of both devices) fairly soon into the continuous repeat of this helpless attempts.
20 Just a simple resistor (or resistor network) of proper value and rating, place at the input mains’ port of the CFLs can make the performance of any phase-cut dimmer more predictable and repeatable. A practical value and rating is given in Figure 2. Accordingly, preferably, a resistive network A3 is provided coupled in parallel to the DC bridge rectifier input (10-1; 10-2) to interface 25 with a dimming circuit B3.
12
Its contribution is therefore four-fold: - To present a constant pure-resistive component to offset, at least partially, the reactively inherent characteristic of any CFL’s input impedance.
- To help equalize the performance of the very disparate dimmer electronic 5 designs dimming ranges, and the mechanical variations in their control-pot geometry span-travels.
- To present the dimmer’s gating device (the Triac core) with a minimum load current to keep it conducting for a longer angle span, especially at the critical low-brightness dimming settings, when the avoidance of flickering is highly 10 desirable, not only just for aesthetics but also due to sound electronic design principles.
- As a perfect resistive element of fixed value, always in parallel with the changing lamp’s reactance (as it is progressively dimmed.) it helps to keep the overall PF as high as possible, and therefore contributes -although 15 partially, as compared to the principal contribution of the power factor corrector device described above- to keep the overall harmonic distortion incheck, as well.
(4) TUBES’S FILAMENTS HEATING.
20 As already mention above, the integrity of the filaments 70 at each end of the florescent tube is a clear indication of the relative life-condition of any CFL.
The filaments 70 are necessary to help start the ionization process of the compound heavy-metal and complex gas structures inside tube’s rarefied low-25 pressure vacuum that finally starts to break its initial high impedance state (due to the initial presence of a high-voltage differential potential) in order for an arc to develop across it length and thus starts the lamp (strike phase).
13
The high current burst that immediately follows -as the impedance of the lamp instantly decreases dramatically- excite the mercury gas inside with enough energy as its free electrons are able to release visible light-bearing photons as they collide with the atoms of the phosphor coating inside.
5 Finally, after a few of seconds, when the lamp has reached it’s optimal balanced temperature, automatically acquires its natural steady-state phase, developing its specifically-designed public parameters, such as its normal running current, nominal power rating and stated luminance output (20-1; 20-2).
10
This situation is normally referred to as a CFL’s cold start-up.
The hard-metal filament’s core-base are themselves coated with a chemical substance that favours the emissions of primary-source electrons as to greatly 15 facilitate the reliable but complex series of processes that finally bring the lamp to it’s strike phase. Therefore their integrity, or otherwise the lack of it, is the weakest-link in the tube, and they constitute mainly the initial load when the driving electronics are started as the mains power is initially applied to the lamp: the filaments 70 take an initial substantial stress each 20 time the lamp is powered-up.
Eventually, with time and the repeated power-ups, the special chemical coating on the filaments 70 begin to literally peel-off due to the normal wear and tear of the inter-collision of atoms and electrons due primarily to the 25 relative big surge start-up and (although at a much lesser rate.) the normal arc AC currents (back and forth) from end to end of the tube.
14
This has the effect of start pitting the sensitive coating, exposing the bare hard-metal and, at this stage, the deterioration of the filaments 70 continue to occur at an accelerated rate, until eventually one (or both) breaks up and an open filament situation develops.
5
From now on it will be almost impossible to start the CFL. A so-called tube’s black-end will be symptomatic of this progressively undesirable development.
As to add further value to the features already described in this document, 10 herewith is proposed to add a constant filament heating feature that will not only facilitate the initial emission of source electrons, but will soft-start the CFLs with much less electronic overall stress, will help to keep the integrity of their filaments 70 (as their coatings will be less prone to the rate of pitting otherwise occurring with the cold-start situation) and therefore, as a great 15 bonus to the consumer, extend substantially their normal useful life expectancy, more particularly when dimming is applied.
The implementation is again, simple, rugged and reliable enough to always guarantee a soft-start from initial power-up and an automatic filaments 70 20 protection when attempting to re-start an already extinguished lamp at low brightness dimming levels.
The inductance of the choke and the start capacitance values defines the resonant frequency-circuit that builds-up the required high voltage necessary 25 to generate the necessary initial burst of arc-current that will start the lamp.
Until the resonance point is not achieved, the lamp will not have a enough high-voltage to start-up; therefore, if for some brief time, and at the same time some current is allowed to pass trough both filaments 70 their naturally 15 low cold resistance will steadily increase, automatically pre-heating them and will start to generate source electrons just prior of the initiation of the ignition phase.
5 To realize that important condition during this initial phase, heating supply current for both filaments 70 is obtained from a transformer configuration built-in within the main ballast coil assembly 50: two independent small-turn coils 40 are added electrically independent and in parallel with each filament.
10 After the lamps strikes, and from now-on until the overall mains power supply to the lamp is interrupted, the filaments 70 will always be provided with their heating current, even in the case the lamp has apparently extinguished, (due to over-extension of its useful dimming range, or maybe due to a sudden or progressive drop in ambient temperature.) 15 as their internal oscillator still will be operational. This can substantially improve a dimmed CFL’s lifetime
Therefore, a residual AC current will still pass though the filaments 70 (as the driver electronics are still powered, although with lower incoming mains 20 current.) as to keep them still in a relative warm situation. A small increase in the input supply mains current (usually just by tweaking upwards the dimmer’s control pot.) will then normally be enough to soft-start and re-ignite the lamp, safely and with no electronic stuttering (no apparent flickering) whatsoever, thus avoiding a filaments 70-wearing, continuous cold re-25 starting, vicious-circle condition of popular previous designs.
Typical secondary’s coil parameters are given with reference to Figure 2 in the section just below (only for the 11W CFL reference design, and presented here only as a specific practical implementation example).
16
Accordingly, it is shown that the dimmable energy saving lamp preferably comprising a gas tube 60 filament heating circuit. The heating circuit may be provided by small-turn coils that are added electrically independent and in parallel with each filament; arranged in transformer configuration built-in 5 within the main ballast coil assembly.
Fig. 2 refers to a detailed block diagram showing practical implementation of the device.
Fig. 3 shows, for reference purposes, a conventional layout of a high-10 frequency, switching-mode power supply arrangement without the power factor corrector functional circuit.
Fig. 4 shows a detailed layout scheme for the power factor corrector functional circuit which may be applied in other electrical layouts for improving a power factor.
15
Topology, component values and (when required) their ratings are disclosed. The easy integration possibility of the enhanced circuit into a conventional standard CFL topology, is plain evident. The new circuitry have been numbered according to their detailed described sections, (in the text above) 20 and identified within dashed lines.
While the invention has been illustrated and described in detail in the drawings and foregoing description, such illustration and description are to be considered illustrative or exemplary and not restrictive; the invention is 25 not limited to the disclosed embodiments.
Although a specific type and specific power (prototype-quality) CFL have been constructed to assess the real-world application of the principles disclosed in this document, the integration of all and/or some of the enhancements in order to improve the performance and features over any 17
Standard design (as has been the aim of this paper), can be extended and applied successfully across a wide board of all the CFLs, and higher-power Electronic Ballast that are at the core of all modern and efficient luminaries, (including the H.V. LED ones), of any topology and/or any power whatsoever; 5 the only concern being the assessment of the final values and ratings of the components involved. In conclusion Standard, off-the-shelf CFLs are not designed to be compatible with the standard household Triac-type/Phase-cut dimmer devices. The incorporation of a novel front-end sub-assembly substantially optimizes their inherent low Power-Factor, and reduces overall 10 components count. Means for a filament’s constant heating feature has been included within the preferred embodiment, as to greatly extend their normal expected life span.
Other variations to the disclosed embodiments can be understood and 15 effected by those skilled in the art in practicing the claimed invention, from a study of the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite article "a" or "an" does not exclude a plurality. A single processor or other unit may fulfill the functions of several items recited in the claims. The 20 mere fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not indicate that a combination of these measured cannot be used to advantage. A computer program may be stored/distributed on a suitable medium, such as an optical storage medium or a solid-state medium supplied together with or as part of other hardware, but may also be distributed in 25 other forms, such as via the Internet or other wired or wireless telecommunication systems. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the scope.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL2003011A NL2003011C2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2009-06-12 | Dimmable energy-saving lamp. |
PCT/NL2010/050054 WO2010143944A1 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2010-02-05 | Power factor corrector device for a dimming circuit |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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NL2003011 | 2009-06-12 | ||
NL2003011A NL2003011C2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2009-06-12 | Dimmable energy-saving lamp. |
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NL2003011C2 true NL2003011C2 (en) | 2010-12-15 |
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NL2003011A NL2003011C2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2009-06-12 | Dimmable energy-saving lamp. |
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Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19536634A1 (en) * | 1995-09-22 | 1997-03-27 | Semperlux Gmbh | Energy-saving lamp |
JP2001319797A (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-16 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | Light bulb type fluorescent lamp and lighting device |
DE10242326A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-03-18 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electronic ballast with power factor compensation/correction (PFC) for discharge lamps and method for reducing harmonics during operation of such ballast, with specified capacitor (dis)charging |
US20050184679A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-08-25 | International Rectifier Corporation | CFL ballast with passive valley fill and crest factor control |
EP1605734A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2005-12-14 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Electronic ballast |
WO2009061173A1 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-14 | Inno Industrial Engineering Ltd | Fluorescent lamp base cap and method of adjusting a base cap of a fluorescent lamp |
-
2009
- 2009-06-12 NL NL2003011A patent/NL2003011C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19536634A1 (en) * | 1995-09-22 | 1997-03-27 | Semperlux Gmbh | Energy-saving lamp |
JP2001319797A (en) * | 2000-05-10 | 2001-11-16 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | Light bulb type fluorescent lamp and lighting device |
EP1605734A1 (en) * | 2001-06-22 | 2005-12-14 | Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. | Electronic ballast |
DE10242326A1 (en) * | 2002-09-12 | 2004-03-18 | Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg | Electronic ballast with power factor compensation/correction (PFC) for discharge lamps and method for reducing harmonics during operation of such ballast, with specified capacitor (dis)charging |
US20050184679A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-08-25 | International Rectifier Corporation | CFL ballast with passive valley fill and crest factor control |
WO2009061173A1 (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-14 | Inno Industrial Engineering Ltd | Fluorescent lamp base cap and method of adjusting a base cap of a fluorescent lamp |
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