NL1043952B1 - Nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face - Google Patents

Nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face Download PDF

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NL1043952B1
NL1043952B1 NL1043952A NL1043952A NL1043952B1 NL 1043952 B1 NL1043952 B1 NL 1043952B1 NL 1043952 A NL1043952 A NL 1043952A NL 1043952 A NL1043952 A NL 1043952A NL 1043952 B1 NL1043952 B1 NL 1043952B1
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beach
fed
sediment
aeolian sand
nourished
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Cai Feng
Cao Huimei
He Yanyu
Qi Hongshuai
Zheng Jixiang
Lei Gang
Zhu Jun
Zhang Chi
Liu Jianhui
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Third Institute Of Oceanography Mini Of Natural Resources
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces

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Abstract

The present invention provides a nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach, comprising the steps of determining fill sediment in the corresponding area of a nourished beach and the grain size of the fill sediment, determining the width, slope and elevation of a dry beach of the nourished beach, and determining green windbreak zone on an inland side of a backshore dry beach. Focusing on the active characteristics of aeolian sand transport in strong wind coast, the nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity on the beach provided by the present invention can effectively inhibit aeolian sand activity over the beach face, reduce beach aeolian sand intensity, and improve nourished beach quality via a reasonable coastal beach nourishment profile design in strong wind coast. It overcomes the shortcomings of the existing nourished beach design technology, reduces the wind erosion loss of beach surface sediment, reduces the effect of aeolian sand activity over the beach face, and protects the coastal environment.

Description

ref: P 2021 NL 096 TITLE: Nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face Technical Field The present invention relates to the technical field of beach nourishment, and in particular to a nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face, that is, a preparation method of a nourished beach profile for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face.
Background The wind-sand activity is intense in coastal areas in China, especially the South China coast. The modern coastal aeolian sand activity area is as high as
2.378x105hm?, and the aeolian sand coast length is about 300km, which is a country with very active coastal wind and sand in the world. Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the full implementation of coastal ecological restoration in China, more than 100 beach nourishment projects have been carried out. The implementation of the beach nourishment project increases beach surface sediment and forms new sand texture accumulation units, thereby expanding the beach wind fetch length, increasing the provenance of aeolian sand, raising the elevation of the beach surface, and causing the aeolian sand beach nourishment movement process changes. Especially in strong wind areas, the intensity of wind-sand activity on coastal beaches increases, causing new environmental problems and adversely affecting coastal production and residents’ lives.
The beach nourishment design developed at home and abroad mainly focuses on the stability of beach nourishment projects. The focus of engineering design considerations is the evolution of beach nourishment and the loss of sediment under the action of hydrodynamic forces. The design elements for nourished beach profile are mainly background erosion rate, coastal sand transport, nearshore topography, wave dynamics, etc. However, the current beach nourishment design manuals or guidelines of various countries in the world do not consider inhibiting beach surface wind-sand effect in their engineering design.
Summary of the invention The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face, i.e.
a preparation method of a nourished beach profile for reducing aeclian sand transport intensity over the beach face, so as to solve the technical problem of not considering inhibiting beach surface aeolian sand effect in the design of the beach nourishment in the strong wind area in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above objective, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: providing a nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeclian sand transport intensity over the beach face, comprising the following steps: determining fill sediment in the corresponding area of a nourished beach, wherein under an average wind velocity over the beach face of a whole year's windy days in the area, an average grain size of the fill sediment of the nourished beach is not less than that of an original beach sand, and is greater than that of sand entrained by the wind with the average wind velocity over the beach face of the whole year's windy days; determining the width, slope, and elevation of a dry beach of the nourished beach, wherein based on the average wind velocity of the whole year's windy days and the average grain size of the beach sediment of the nourished beach, a wind fetch distance under the average wind velocity of the whole year's windy days is less than or equal to a critical wind fetch distance, and the elevation of the dry beach of the nourished beach is predetermined to be higher than an upper limit of the normal hydrodynamic force; and determining the grain size of the fill sediment on the nourished beach berm outer edge, and increasing the grain size of the sediment in this area without changing other geomorphic elements.
Further, the method further comprises the following steps: determining a green windbreak zone on an inland side of a backshore dry beach by combining a vertical distribution height of a coastal aeclian sand flow, landscape effect of the nourished beach, a predetermined green area and structural characteristics of the coastal sand vegetation community.
Further, the green windbreak zone generally adopts a combination of shrub and grass.
Further, the shrub has a height of 0.5m to 1.0m and a density of not less than 50%, the grass has a height of 0.1m to 0.2m and a density of not less than 80%.
Further, the shrub has a width occupying 1/3 of the total width of the green windbreak zone, and the grass has a width occupying 2/3 of the total width of the green windbreak zone.
Further, the width of the green windbreak zone is proportional to the average wind velocity of the whole year's windy days, and the width of the green windbreak zone is 1/5 to 1/10 of the width of the dry beach.
Further, the determining the width of the dry beach of the nourished beach is realized according to an angle between the shoreline direction of the nourished beach and the prevailing wind direction of the whole year's windy days in the conservation area, the average wind velocity of the whole year's windy days, and the average grain size of the beach surface sediment on the nourished beach.
Further, the predetermined slope of the dry beach of the nourished beach is 1:30 to 1:50, Further, the formula for the elevation of the dry beach of the nourished beach is as follows: Dry beach elevation H = MHWS (mean high water springs) h + capillary action height &.
Further, the wind velocity on the beach berm outer edge of the dry beach of the nourished beach is 1.5 times to 2 times of that of the beach surface, and the grain size of the sediment on the beach berm outer edge is 2 times to 3 times of that of the fill sediment over the beach face.
The beneficial effects of the nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity on the beach provided by the present invention are as follows:
1. Increasing the beach surface fill sediment average grain size, so that the average grain size of the fill sediment of nourished beach is not less than that of the original beach sand, and the larger the grain size of the sediment is, the greater the shear stress required for sediment at startup is. The bottom friction force formed by the airflow of the beach surface and the underlying surface mainly depends on the wind velocity. When the starting wind velocity of the sediment grains of the beach surface is greater than the average wind velocity of the windy days in the project area, wind erosion effect will not occur for most of the year, which can effectively reduce sand flying over the beach face.
2. Designing a suitable dry beach width so that the wind fetch distance under the average wind velocity of the whole year's windy days is less than or equal to the critical wind fetch distance, as much as possible to inhibit the development trend of aeolian sand info the saturated state, and reduce the amount of aeolian sand.
3. Appropriate dry beach berm slope design can create an imitation natural beach berm that is conducive to the stability of beach surface sediment, which helps to inhibit the start of aeolian sand and maintain the natural attributes of nourished beaches. The reasonable elevation design of the outer edge of the beach berm prevents the landform of the beach berm from being damaged by the erosion at the highest value of conventional hydrodynamic conditions. The capillary action inside the beach causes the salt to form crusts over the beach face, resulting in a protective effect.
4. The green windbreak zone designed on the inland side of the backshore dry beach can change the distribution of the boundary layer flow field near the surface, reduce the effect of wind, and have the effect of sand blocking and sand fixation. Due to the existence of vegetation cover, the roughness of the underlying surface increases, and the wind velocity on the sand surface covered by vegetation is lower than the wind velocity on the bare sand surface at the same height, which rapidly reduces the sand carrying capacity of the wind, making the aeolian sand settle in the green belt to form the last line of defense for aeolian sand nourishment,
5. Aiming at the characteristics of coastal wind-sand activities in strong wind areas, a reasonable coastal beach nourishment profile design in strong wind areas can effectively inhibit the beach surface aeolian sand, reduce beach aeolian sand intensity, and improve nourished beach quality. It overcomes the shortcomings of the existing nourished beach design technology, reduces the wind erosion loss of beach face sediment, reduces the effect of aeolian sand over the beach face, and protects the coastal environment.
Brief Description of the Drawings In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the specific embodiments or the accompanying drawings needed in the description of the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
Figure 1 is a structural diagram of a nourished beach profile for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face according to an embodiment of the present invention.
5 Reference signs: 1- beach berm outer edge area; 2 -green windbreak zone.
Detailed Description The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “center”, "upper", "lower", "left", “right”, "vertical", “horizontal”, "inside", "outer", etc. The indicated orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the pointed device or element must have a specific orientation or a specific orientation. The structure and operation cannot therefore be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “installation”, "connected" and “connection” should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited. For example, they may be fixed or detachable connection or integral connection; or they may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; or they may be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or they may be an internal communication between two components. For those ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the praesent invention described below can be combined with each other as long as there is no conflict therebetween.
Please refer to Figure 1, the nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face provided by the present invention will now be described.
The nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity over the beach face, comprising the following steps: S1, determining fill sediment in the corresponding area of a nourished beach; under an average wind velocity over the beach face of a whole year's windy days in the corresponding area, an average grain size of the fill sediment of the nourished beach is not less than that of an original beach sand, and is greater than that of the sand entrained by the wind with the average wind velocity over the beach face of the whole year’s windy days; Among them, the average wind velocity over the beach face of a whole years windy days refers to the average wind velocity over the beach face during the 1/3 days in a year with a stronger wind, which ensures that under the premise of the average grain size of the nourished beach fill sediment is not less than that of the original beach sand, it is also required to meet the start-up sediment grain size of the sand entrained by the wind with the average wind velocity.
The average wind velocity over the beach face of the whole year's windy days in different regions is different, therefore, the types and grain sizes of fill sediment corresponding to different regions can also be adjusted as needed.
On-site observations of wind and sand in the coastal zone show that the threshold wind velocity of sand-moving over natural beach is generally greater than m/s (wind measurement at a height of 2m). According to on-site observations and experimental results, the threshold wind velocity of sand-moving and average sediment grain over the beach face in Table 1 are summarized.
The size correspondence table, combined with the table below, can determine the minimum value of the average sediment grain size to ensure that the threshold wind velocity of sand-moving for the beach sediment is greater than the average wind velocity over the beach face of the whole year's windy days, effectively inhibiting the starting of most aeolian sand.
Table 1 Correspondence summary table of average wind velocity over the beach face and average sediment grain size | Average | | | | | velocity | | | | (mis) 67 178 |89 910 [1011 [11142 1213 1344 14 aver | | beach | | face | Sediment | | | average | | | | . grain | 01-02 10.203 | 03-04 | 04-05 | 0.5-0.7 | 0.7-0.8 | 8.91.8 1 1.0-1.1 | >11 size(mm) | | | | | According to the average wind velocity over the beach face of the whole year's windy days, it shall increase the beach surface fill average sediment grain size, so that the average grain size of the fill sediment of nourished beach is not less than that of the original beach sand, and the larger the grain size of the sediment is, the greater the shear stress required for sediment at startup is. The bottom friction force formed by the airflow of the beach surface and the underlying surface mainly depends on the wind velocity. When the threshold wind velocity of the sediment- moving over the beach face is greater than the average wind velocity of the windy days in the project area, wind erosion effect will not occur for most of the year, which can effectively reduce aeolian sand over the beach face.
52, determining the width of a dry beach of the nourished beach; The dry beach is the area with the most intensive aeolian sand activity, and the width W of the dry beach of the nourished beach can be determined according to the angle a between the shoreline direction of the nourished beach and the prevailing wind direction of the whole year's windy days in the conservation area, the average wind velocity of the whole year's windy days, and the average grain size of the beach face sediment on the nourished beach, making the wind fetch distance W/cosa less than the critical wind fetch distance F under the condition, inhibiting the full growth and development of aeolian sand flow. The corresponding relationship between the critical wind fetch distance F and the average wind velocity over the beach face is summarized according to on-site measurement as shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Basic correspondence between critical wind fetch distance and average wind velocity over the beach face | Average | | | | velocity | | | | (m/s) 6-7 | 7-8 8-9 810 | 10-11 [11-12 12413 | 1314 | >14 | over | | beach | | | face (m/s) | | | | Critical | | | | felch 15-20 | 20-25 25-30 | 30-33 33-36 | 36-38 | 38-40 | 40-41 | >41 distance | | (m) | | Combining the above table can design a suitable dry beach width, so that the wind fetch distance under the average wind velocity of the whole year's windy days is less than or equal to the length of the critical wind fetch, which makes the asolian sand flow insufficiently developed and reduces the amount of sand carried.
33, determining the slope of the dry beach of the nourished beach; The slope of the beach has a certain effect on the aeolian sand transport rate over the beach face. Existing studies have shown that the greater the slope of the beach surface, the lower the aeolian sand transport rate of the dry beach. However, in the actual beach preparation process, it is necessary to ensure the comfort, width, landscape and stability of the dry beach. Therefore, in combination with the current status of the dry beach in China, the design slope of the dry beach of the nourished beach is preferably 1:30-1:50. At this time, it not only helps to restrain the starting of aeolian sand, but also maintains the natural attributes of the nourished beach.
Lowering the dry beach berm slope can create an artificial beach berm that is conducive to the stability of beach surface sediment. Based on the existing research, it can be seen that uphill has a smaller increase in wind velocity over the beach face, and downhill has a larger decrease in wind velocity over the beach face, therefore, in order lo inhibit the starting of asolian sand over the beach face, in the shore wind direction it is necessary to make the dry beach to be designed as an upward slope along the wind direction.
$4, determining the elevation of the dry beach of the nourished beach In the natural beach environment, the dry beach area above the average high tide line is easily eroded by the wind to form a hardened surface, and the hardened surface can increase the sand threshold wind velocity of sand-moving in the dry beach area, thereby inhibiting the activity of aeolian sand; under extreme dynamic conditions, such as typhoon stormy waves and strong winds, the hardened surface will be broken by wind and waves, which will induce new aeolian sand activities. Therefore, the elevation of the nourished beach berm is predetermined to be higher than an upper limit of the normal hydrodynamic force, which can reduce the reshaping effect of tides and waves of the beach on the dry beach, and promote the dry beach to form a hardened surface that is not conducive to aeolian sand activities. According to the ocean tide characteristics, wave characteristics and beach slope in the project area, the outer edge height of the dry beach of nourished beach is designed as follows Dry beach elevation H = MHWS (mean high water springs) h + capillary action height ò Wherein, combined with the prior art, it can be known that in a capillary with a radius of 0.1 mm, water can rise by 14 cm, Therefore, the capillary action height § is generally 10 to 20 cm according to the different grain sizes of the sediment material that make up the beach.
The reasonable height of the beach berm outer edge protects the landform of the beach berm from being damaged by the erosion at the highest value of conventional hydrodynamic conditions. Under the continuous action of wind, the beach berm material transports fine grains and leaves coarse grains. The beach surface has a significant coarsening effect, and it can cause salt to form crusts over the beach face through the internal capillary action of the beach, resulting in a protective effect. The protective effect on aeolian sand is even stronger than the humidity effect, and the inhibitory effect on wind and sand is particularly significant. 35, determining the grain size of the fill sediment of the nourished beach berm outer edge area; On the beach profile, the wind velocity in the beach berm outer edge area 1 is the highest, and the sand transport rate is the strongest, which is a hot spot for dry beach aeolian sand transport. Therefore, under the premise of not changing other geomorphic elements, the sediment grain size in the area can be increased to increase the threshold wind velocity of sand-moving in the area, thereby reducing the aeolian sand transport rate of erosion hot spots.
Among them, the grain size of sediment located in the beach berm outer edge area 1 is determined by the wind conditions on the beach berm outer edge. Generally, the wind velocity in the beach berm outer edge is 1.5 to 2 times that of the beach surface, therefore, the sediment grain size in this area is 2 to 3 times of the fill average grain size of other dry beach surfaces. The supplementary range for sediment is the profile section of the beach with the beach berm outer edge point as the center and a radius of 2m, which can form a protective layer to resist strong wind erosion.
Through the design of the sediment parameters of the beach berm outer edge area 1, the air pressure change caused by the sudden terrain change at the junction of the beach slope break and the beach berm outer edge changes the boundary layer, resulting in complex rheology, therefore, for the area where the wind velocity changes drastically at the beach berm outer edge area, by adjusting the fill grain size and the fill area of the sediment, the parameters of the sediment can be adapted to the wind velocity on beach berm cuter edge area, and the starting of the aeolian sand can be better suppressed, weakening the influence of the wind field in the area, forming the first aeolian sand defense line.
Further, referring to Figure 1, as a specific implementation of the nourished beach profile design method for reducing aeolian sand transport intensity on the beach provided by the present invention, the following steps may be added: S6, determining a green windbreak zone on an inland side of a backshore dry beach 2; Surface vegetation can protect the wind-erosion ground surface through many methods such as covering part of the ground, consuming wind, and blocking sand transport. Therefore, strengthening vegetation coverage on the backshore of the dry beach is an effective measure to prevent wind erosion and sand transport. In general, the denser the vegetation coverage is, the better the protection effect is. However, in the actual design of the green windbreak zone 2, the green windbreak zone 2 needs to be designed with comprehensive consideration of a vertical distribution height of a coastal aeolian sand flow, landscape effect of the nourished beach, a predetermined green area and structural characteristics of the coastal sand vegetation community.
Next, the green windbreak zone 2 generally adopts a combination of shrub and grass, which is the green windbreak zone 2 includes shrub and grass. Among them, the shrub has a height of 0.5m to 1.0m and the distribution density of the shrub is not less than 50%; the grass has a height of 0.1m to 0.2m and the distribution density of the grass is not less than 80%.
For the whole width of the green windbreak zone 2, the designed width of the green windbreak zone 2 is about 1/5 to 1/10 of the width of the dry beach, and the greater the wind velocity, the greater the width, the shrub has a width occupying 1/3 of the total width of the green windbreak zone 2, and the grass has a width occupying 213 of the total width of the green windbreak zone 2.
As an alternative embodiment of this embodiment, the steps from 81 io SS can be adjusted according to actual conditions and design requirements, and there is no need to design sequentially in the order of steps from S1 to 85.
As an alternative to this embodiment, the green windbreak zone 2 may not be provided on the inland side of the backshore dry beach; or the green windbreak zone 2 may not only include shrub and grass, but also retain taller trees, etc, the corresponding design density of shrub and grass, and the ratio to the total width of the green windbreak zone 2 can also be adjusted accordingly, and there is no unique limitation here.
Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for clear description, and are not intended to limit the implementation mode. For those ordinary skill in the art, other modifications or alterations in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot give an exhaustive list of all implementation methods. The obvious modifications or alterations derived from this are still within the protection scope created by the present invention.

Claims (1)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Een ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal, gekenmerkt door het omvatten van de volgende stappen: . het bepalen van vulsediment in het overeenkomstige gebied van een gevoed strand, waarbij onder een gemiddelde windsnelheid over de strandwal van de winderige dagen van het hele jaar in het gebied, een gemiddelde korrelgrootte van het vulsediment van het gevoede strand niet kleiner is dan deze van een origineel zandstrand, en groter is dan deze van zand dat door de wind meegevoerd wordt met de gemiddelde windsnelheid over de strandwal van de winderige dagen van het hele jaar; het bepalen van de breedte, helling en hoogte van een droog strand van het gevoede strand, waarbij, gebaseerd op de gemiddelde windsnelheid van de winderige dagen van het hele jaar en de gemiddelde korrelgrootte van het strandsediment van het gevoede strand, sen windbaan onder de gemiddelde windsnelheid van de winderige dagen van het hele jaar minder dan of gelijk aan een kritieke windbaan is, en de verhoging van het droge strand van het gevoede strand vooraf bepaald is om hoger dan een bovengrens van de normale hydrodynamische kracht te zijn; en het bepalen van de korrelgrootte van het vulsediment op de buitenrand van de gevoede strandberm, en het vergroten van de korrelgrootte van het sediment in dit gebied zonder andere geomorfe elementen te veranderen.A design method for a fed beach profile for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge, characterized by comprising the following steps: . determination of fill sediment in the corresponding area of a fed beach, whereby under an average wind speed over the beach ridge of the windy days of the whole year in the area, an average grain size of the fill sediment of the fed beach is not smaller than that of a original sandy beach, and is larger than that of sand carried by the wind at the average wind speed over the beach wall on the windy days of the whole year; determining the width, slope and height of a dry beach of the fed beach, where, based on the mean wind speed of the windy days of the whole year and the mean grain size of the beach sediment of the fed beach, a wind path below the mean wind speed of the windy days of the whole year is less than or equal to a critical wind path, and the dry beach elevation of the fed beach is predetermined to be greater than an upper limit of the normal hydrodynamic force; and determining the grain size of the fill sediment on the outer edge of the fed beach berm, and increasing the grain size of the sediment in this area without altering other geomorphic elements. 2. De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens conclusie 1, gekenmerkt door het verder omvatten van de volgende stappen: het bepalen van een groene windschermzone op een landinwaartse zijde van een droog strand door het combineren van een verticale distributiehoogte van een kustwind-zandstroom, een landschapseffect van het gevoede strand, een vooraf bepaald groengebied en structursie kenmerken van de kustzandvegetatiegemeenschap.The fed beach profile design method for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the steps of: determining a green windbreak zone on an inland side of a dry beach by combining a vertical distribution height of a coastal wind-sand flow, a landscape effect of the fed beach, a predetermined green area and structural features of the coastal sand vegetation community. 3. De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens conclusie 2, met het kenmerk, dat de groene windschermzone in het algemeen een combinatie van struiken en gras aanneem.The design method for a fed beach profile for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to claim 2, characterized in that the green windbreak zone generally adopts a combination of shrubs and grass. 4. De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens conclusie 3, met het kenmerk, dat de struiken een hoogte van 0,5 m tot 1,0 m en een dichtheid van niet minder dan 50% hebben, en dat het gras een hoogte van 0,1 m tot 0,2 m en een dichtheid van niet minder dan 80% heeft.The fed beach profile design method for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to claim 3, characterized in that the shrubs have a height of 0.5 m to 1.0 m and a density of not less than 50%, and that the grass has a height of 0.1 m to 0.2 m and a density of not less than 80%. 5. De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de fransportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens conclusie 4, met het kenmerk, dat de struiken sen breedte hebben die 1/3 van de totale breedte van de groene windschermzone bezet, en dat het gras een breedte heeft die 2/3 van de totale breedte van de groene windschermzone bezet.The design method for a fed beach profile for reducing the French intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to claim 4, characterized in that the shrubs have a width that occupies 1/3 of the total width of the green windbreak zone, and that the grass has a width that occupies 2/3 of the total width of the green windbreak zone. 8. De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens conclusie 2, met het kenmerk, dat de breedte van de groene windschermzone evenredig aan de gemiddelde windsnelheid van de winderige dagen van het hele jaar is, en de breedte van de groene windschermzone 1/5 tot 1/10 van de breedte van het droge strand is.The design method for a fed beach profile for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to claim 2, characterized in that the width of the green windbreak zone is proportional to the mean wind speed of the windy days of the whole year, and the width of the green windbreak zone is 1/5 to 1/10 of the width of the dry beach. 7. De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteif van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens één van conclusies 1 tot 6, met het kenmerk, dat het bepalen van de breedte van het droge strand van het gevoede strand gerealiseerd wordt in overeenstemming met sen hoek tussen de kustlijnrichting van het gevoede strand en de overheersende windrichting van de winderige dagen van het hele jaar in het beschermingsgebied, de gemiddelde windsnelheid van de winderige dagen van het hele jaar, en de gemiddelde korrelgrootte van het sediment van het strandwalsediment op het gevoede strand. 8, De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens één van conclusies 1 tot 8, met het kenmerk, dat de vooraf bepaalde helling van het droge strand van het gevoede strand 1:30 tot 1:50 is.The design method for a fed beach profile for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the determination of the dry beach width of the fed beach is realized in accordance with with the angle between the shoreline direction of the fed beach and the predominant wind direction of the windy days of the whole year in the protection area, the mean wind speed of the windy days of the whole year, and the mean grain size of the sandstone sediment sediment on the fed beach. The fed beach profile design method for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the predetermined slope of the dry beach of the fed beach is 1:30 to 1 :50. 9. De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens één van conclusies 1 tot 6, met het kenmerk, dat de formule voor de verhoging van het droge strand van het gevoede strand als volgt is: Verhoging droog strand H = MHWS { gemiddelde hoogwatergetijden) h + capillaire werkingshoogte &.The design method for a fed beach profile for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the formula for the increase of the dry beach of the fed beach is as follows: Dry beach elevation H = MHWS { mean high tides) h + capillary working height &. 10. De ontwerpwerkwijze voor een gevoed strandprofiel voor het verminderen van de transportintensiteit van eolisch zand over de strandwal volgens één van conclusies 1 tot 6, met het kenmerk, dat de windsnelheid op de buitenrand van de strandberm van het droge strand van het gevoede strand 1,5 maal tot 2 maal deze van het strandoppervlak is, en dat de korrelgrootte van het sediment op de buitenrand van de strandberm 2 maal tot 3 maal deze van het vulsediment over het strandopperviak is.The fed beach profile design method for reducing the transport intensity of aeolian sand over the beach ridge according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the wind speed on the outer edge of the beach berm of the dry beach of the fed beach 1 .5 times to 2 times that of the beach surface, and that the grain size of the sediment on the outer edge of the beach berm is 2 times to 3 times that of the fill sediment over the beach surface.
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