NL1039772C2 - HALL APPLIED IN STEEL CONSTRUCTION AND ESPECIALLY IN THE GLASTUINBOUW SECTOR AND ESPECIALLY THE TRADITIONAL WORKER SET IN THERE. - Google Patents

Description

Brief description: Hall used in steel construction and mainly in the greenhouse horticulture sector and mainly the timber-framed leather placed therein.

DESCRIPTION

The invention relates to a hall used in steel construction and mainly in the greenhouse horticulture sector and mainly to the lattice girder placed therein. A lattice girder is part of a steel structure construction, which serves as the main bearing girder in the steel skeleton structure, which must absorb the forces of wind and snow and other loads, among other things, and in order to provide sufficient bearing capacity so that the structure does not collapse. . Due to ever larger and higher structures and greater loads on and or against the structure, it is necessary for the manufactured timber girder to meet various requirements. The current lattice girder often collapse on the welds of the diagonals and upper and / or lower edges. The present invention has been devised to mitigate this incident. By machine-cutting recesses in the top and / or bottom edge, in which the diagonals are placed, a larger bearing surface is created, resulting in an improved static value and bearing surface of the diagonal product.

It is known that for the correct vegetation period, in particular in the temperate climate zones, greenhouse constructions are used which ensure the maintenance of the optimum climate conditions for plant cultivation. It is usually realized by the light metal superstructure on which the foil is tightly laid, or a skeleton structure, on which the glass or plastic panels are applied. The foil or the rigid panels are often transparent to ensure good and possibly high light transmittance.

25 However, the same constructions also exist for technical rooms at the production zone.

It is also known that a simple construction is not sufficient for large cultivation fields, because it is not possible to provide this cultivation surface mechanically. It is necessary that the skeleton structure is provided with a strong foundation, often by means of concrete piles or equivalent, the beams or the supporting structure for the roof 30 are arranged on the piles. The posts, beams or supporting structures are made of steel or a metal alloy.

1039772 2

With the invention described in PL299680 a construction of a skeleton superstructure is known where the self-supporting grid is made of rectangular steel skeletons where the corner elements are arranged on its vertical edges. The empty space between the nearby skeletons is poured with concrete and the concrete beams are fixed on the skeleton. The corner elements have rectangular solutions for the ends of the horizontal concrete beams on the ends of both external arms and solutions for covering with the centering opening on the ends of the internal arms. The proposed construction is stable and strong, but is not used in greenhouse horticulture due to low light transmittance and requires a long operating time.

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With the invention described in PL340714, a building structure is known in the type of hall, constructed in the form of a light steel skeleton with a connecting node used in building the structure consisting of the non-adjacent cold bent profile ends. The profiles form a recess in which the connection is located, wherein the profiles and the connection are connected to caps with the aid of screws.

The invention PL171285 discloses a building of metal skeleton, mounted on a profile frame with a cross-section in the L-shape or Z-shape. The posts and beams used here for metal skeleton are the I-profiles. Outside the profile surface there are 20 recesses intended for fixing different elements, namely: shields, facades, insulations. The structure is tied with screws.

A steel supporting structure is known from the invention PL201202, consisting of a series of frames that form the hallway, each grid consisting of a grid girder and columns. Each beam is formed from four trapezes, thin-walled cold-curved gratings, where the four central ones are connected to each other using longer substructure and the two side gratings with the shorter substructure. The top band of the beam is sloping on both sides, the bottom band in the middle is flat and runs down on both sides. The posts are designed in the form of cold curved profiles as rectangular gratings. The gratings of the girder are connected on the building site with normal screws.

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The mounting of certain constructions takes a lot of time due to many screws and welding work or the use of machines and thus adversely affects the accuracy of the execution process.

The exact solution that resembles the aforementioned and allows the extension of the structure, e.g. beams or wide ceiling, is disclosed in the invention PL374102. It is a profile of a light alloy that can be closed as a clamp with a different profile. The profile steel has at least one elongated bulge at the edge or at least one groove with a suitable cross-section or both. The cross-section of the edge thickening is cone-shaped and is equipped with teeth of negative play which ensures the strong bonding of the profiles.

The aforementioned known solutions indicate different constructions which have the purpose of ensuring strength and stability. The following construction disclosed with application WO2005011364 is a skeleton structure referred to as greenhouse construction, made of drawn profiles connected to each other by cold bending and welding connections, which subsequently form posts and beams. The solution forms a special construction of a roof mounting in the form of transparent surfaces that form large-scale shields for roof or wall. Thanks to the weld or profile construction of the drawn profiles, the construction is very strong and ensures the correct illumination of the interior through small cross sections of the basic elements.

All the aforementioned known solutions guarantee to a greater or lesser extent the construction of a stable construction, some give the opportunity to finish with such a construction, on which additionally the transparent shielding surfaces of large flat areas are placed eg for cultivation on an industrial scale with mechanical plant care.

None of the aforementioned structures unfortunately solves the problem concerning the difficult and time-consuming implementation and placement of the structure. All previously known constructions, and in particular the skeletal greenhouse constructions, are welded or tightened, which results in a long execution time. An additional disadvantage is the need to use heavy machines. During the entire process of welding and tightening the structure and in particular of placing beams on posts, these machines must accurately support the elements of the neck skeleton, which is not possible with increasing assembly time.

In order to alleviate the above-mentioned disadvantages and thereby the object of the invention is a rapid assembly of a skeleton hall, steel superstructure and in particular large-scale greenhouse halls by a special construction of the skeleton hall which is easily mounted at the location site. The solution according to the invention allows the considerable time reduction during assembly at the location site, where the time reduction is very much needed from a technological point of view and relates to large-scale greenhouse horticulture.

A glasshouse horticulture hall with skeleton, steel superstructure placed on the foundation consists of a series of frames that form the hall corridor, each consisting of a beam and posts. One or more beams are then applied to one column. In the construction at least the girder has a lattice and / or lattice structure, but that is also beneficial for the columns that are placed vertically on the foundation. The posts can be screwed to the foundation or put in concrete position by pouring concrete. The roof rests on the supporting structure and also or alternatively the well-transparent shielding panels. The beams form two closed panels that are placed parallel to each other from top to bottom one on the other. At least one cold bent profile is also placed as the connection between them. The hall for greenhouse horticulture - characteristic: at each point of the connection contact with closed profiles there is a lock or clamp where one element forms the connection end and the other the gap in closed profile. The girder is closed on the sides with flat-rolled profile steel, on which recesses have been manufactured that correspond in shape and depth to the cross-section of the profile closed on the edge, where solutions in the side edge of closed profile are manufactured. Flat rolled profile steel also has the corner or arc cuts, they have their starting point at the edge and run at the top, serve for sliding on the couples in the form of hooks or hangers. The at least two cut-outs form the contacts on which in the fastening position the couples fixed to the column are placed. The contacts are placed one above the other to ensure the stable and fixed, non-movable connection of the beam to the column. The profile closed in the cross-section can be a wheel, a triangle, a quadrangle or a trapezoid, the corner line being marked around on the cross-section. The closed profile can have thinner walls and as a result, the entire construction becomes lighter without prejudice to the bearing capacity of the beam. The connecting piece can be made of rod or plate profile or pipe and arranged under an ALPHA angle opposite the closed profile to which is connected. The ALPHA angle is preferably about 30 g. or 45 gr. or 60 gr. or 90 gr. The grid of such a beam can therefore be adjusted to the expected bearing parameters and stresses and tensile force can then be easily calculated. The slit in the form of a slot element has variable width, and the change in width is advantageously flexible, with the width at the narrowest point then being the narrowest cross-section of the connecting end. The contact being the seat point of the beam on the post can also have a variable width, and the change in width is advantageously flexible, wherein at the narrowest point on the highest width spot is then at least equal to the cross section of the coupling cross section. The connection end can expand as the distance of the connection increases, as well as the torque can expand as the distance of the column increases, and whether the shape can take the T or L shape in the cross-sections. The connecting end can expand stepwise and then has two widths, the narrowest width being the length equal to the thickness of the thickness in closed profile and likewise can gradually expand the torque and then get two widths, the narrowest width being given the Length equal to the thickness of rolled profile steel. The gaps are located in the longitudinal direction of the closed profile and are of a different length than the adjacent gaps of the closed profile and / or are slid opposite the connection piece in the opposite direction. The post near the connection to the beam must necessarily have a fixed structure. The frames can connect to one another longitudinally, in the direction of the girder position, and the number of frames in the line is equal to the number of corridors or number of frames placed contactlessly opposite each other and can correspond in parallel to the number of corridors. The transparent protection panels are made of glass and at the same time or alternatively of composite material.

The individual parts of the beam are distributed and fabricated by the placement, such as the columns with the couples. At the location points, the columns are placed at the points planned in advance. The connecting element or the girder connections 6 are provided on the first closed profile with the aid of the ends in the gaps and form a block lock or the ends which are currently placed in the gap, in the case of a variable width, the product is placed and then the entire connecting element is slid to the final location point. The wide fragment of the end is thus situated above the narrowest gap. The connecting element is then fitted in the following closed profiles in the same way, so that the profiles are exactly one above the other, so that a joint rolled profile can be provided on the sides. The rolled profile with the incisions forms a side closure of the grating and at the same time blocks for connecting gates 10 opposite the closed profile. The entire beam is slid in exactly between the adjacent posts thanks to the corner or arc cuts in the rolled profile and is applied to the column couples. The placement is stable and secure thanks to double blocks on each column, especially if the cutouts become narrower and the knobs wider. This placement allows disassembly and, conversely, the implementation of additional reinforcement that may or may not be executed, eg in the form of the welding elements or screws or bolts.

This solution according to the invention allows the placement of the supporting structure in a faster manner, requires no use of hoisting equipment except for lifting the beam. It is not necessary to keep the beam at the determined position height in order to carry out the welding or tightening of the support elements at the posts. It is also not necessary to weld or close the beam because it is assembled from parts. The individual beam elements are pushed onto each other and lock with each other or clamp in the position of the assembly and then everything is pushed in and clamped onto posts. The force of gravity together with clamps does not allow the loosening and even slight movement of the elements opposite each other after assembly.

An advantage of this solution according to the invention is the possibility of using this solution with other skeletal structures, with light roof constructions, side walls, i.e. suitable for factory, storage, production and breeding halls. These constructions can also be used for screening off parking places and station roofs. An advantage of this solution is the possibility of quickly assembling and dismantling the structure if the piles are fixedly demountable in the foundation, which was previously not possible in the skeleton structures. The solution according to the invention is also applied in the fixedly demountable structures with the possibility of rapid transfer and reassembly. The transport options for the elements to the location location are also favorable. Until now, these were carried out as a finished product at the 5 production sites on the special assembly tables and then welded and then transported in its entirety.

It will be clear that a skilled person skilled in the art will be able to choose from a variety of shapes and designs of a lattice girder and a variety of profile choices. It may also be clear what the definition is of a lattice girder in steel construction.

The present invention is explained in more detail in the drawings hereinafter referred to.

15 Show in the drawings;

The solution according to the invention is represented on the example in the illustration, wherein Fig. 1 represents the greenhouse hall with the skeleton structure and Fig. 2 represents frame with the beam on the posts in the placement position, Fig. 3 represents the beam members for assembly, Fig. 5 upper closed profile of the first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 5 shows the top of the lower closed profile of the first example, Fig. 6 rolled profile of the front side of the first exemplary embodiment, Fig. 7 rolled profile of the front side of the second exemplary embodiment, Fig. 8 rolled profile of the front side of the third exemplary embodiment, Fig. 9 upper pole section with the couples from the front, Fig. 10 along the front view of the connecting element, Fig. 11 possible contact points of closed profile with connecting element of the first exemplary embodiment, Fig. 12 possible contact points of closed profile with connecting element of the third exemplary embodiment with fragment of rolled profile.

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EXAMPLE 1

Hall in greenhouse horticulture with skeleton, steel superstructure placed on the foundation according to the invention consists of series of hallway corridor (2) hallway (1) frames (3) where each consists of a beam (4) and columns (5). Two beams (4) are provided at a column (5). In the construction the girder (4) and column (5) have a grid structure (3 ') and the columns (5) are mounted vertically on the foundation (6). The roof structure (7) with the transparent shielding panels (8) is mounted on the support structure. The girder (4) forms two closed panels (9) that are placed parallel to each other from top to bottom, one on the other. At least one cold bent profile 10 is also placed between them as the connecting element. At each point of the connection contact (10) with closed profiles (9) there is a lock or clamp (11) where one element is the end (12) of the connection (10) and the other the gap (13) in closed profile (9) forms. At the sides, the girder (4) is closed with flat-rolled profile steel (14), on which slots (15) are formed that correspond in shape and depth to the cross-section of the profile closed (9) on the edge, where solutions (16) ) in the side edge of closed profile (9). Flat-rolled profile steel (14) also has the corner or arc cuts (17), they have their starting point at the edge and run at the top, serve for sliding on the couples (18) in the form of hooks or hangers. The at least two cut-outs (17) form the contacts (17 ') on which, in the mounting position, the pairs (18) fixedly attached to the column (5) are placed. The contacts (17 ') are placed one above the other to ensure the stable and fixed, non-movable connection of the beam (4) to column (5). The closed profile (9) has the shape of a right-hand corner with the round corners. The connecting element (10) is a pipe and is arranged at an ALPHA angle opposite a closed profile (9) to which it is connected. The ALPHA angle is approximately 60 to 25 g. The slit (13) which is a lock element (11) has variable width in the upper closed profile (9), and constant width in the lower closed profile (9). At the narrowest point, the gap width (13) is equal to the narrowest cross-section of the end (12) of the connecting element (10). The contact (17 ') being the location point of the beam (4) on the column (5) has the fixed width that is equal to the narrowest cross-section of the torque (18).

The end (12) of the connecting element (10) is expanded as the distance of the connecting element (10) increases, such as the torque (18) which increases as the distance of the column (5) increases. The shape of both has the T-shape in the cross-section, whereby the 9 end (12) of the connecting element (10) at the point of contact of the connecting element (10) with the lower closed profile (9) acquires the L-shape. The end (12) of the connecting element (10) can expand stepwise and then has two widths, the narrowest width being the length equal to the thickness of the wall in closed profile (9) and also the torque (18). ) extend stepwise and then has two widths, the narrowest width being the length equal to the thickness of the rolled profile steel (14). The gaps (13) are located in the longitudinal direction of the closed profile (9) and are of a different length than the nearby gaps (13) of the closed profile (9) and / or are opposite to the connecting piece (10) shifted in the direction. The 10 frames connect with each other over a length of time, in the direction of the girder position (4) and the number of frames (3) in the line is equal to the number of aisles (2) of the hall (1) and is four. The number of frames (3) contactlessly opposite each other corresponds to the number of aisles (2) in the hall (1) in parallel, and amounts to three. The transparent protection panels (8) are made of glass and simultaneously or alternatively of composite material.

The individual parts of the beam (4) are distributed and fabricated by the placement, such as the posts (5) with the couplings (18). At the location points the columns (5) are placed at the points planned in advance. The connecting element (10) of the beam (4) is mounted on the first closed profile (9) using the ends (12) in the gaps (13) and the ends (12) of the connecting element (10) in the the next closed profile (9) is placed in the gap (13) for the moment and then the entire connecting element is shifted so that the wide fragment of the end (12) is above the narrowest gap (13). The closed profiles (9) are located exactly one above the other so that a joint rolled profile steel (14) can be fitted on the sides. The rolled profile steel (14) with the incisions (15) forms a side closure of the grid (3 ') and at the same time blocking for sliding the connecting element (10) opposite the closed profile (9). The entire beam (4) is slid in exactly between the nearby posts (5) thanks to the corner cuts (17) in the rolled profile steel (14) and is mounted on the column of couplings (18) of the columns (5). The placement is stable and fixed thanks to double blocks on each column (5), in particular if the couples (18) are of two widths.

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EXAMPLE II

The hall in greenhouse horticulture with skeleton, steel superstructure placed on the foundation according to the invention as in example I, wherein the closed profile (9) has a trapezoidal section with equal sides, the cuts (15) in the rolled profile steel (14) matched to 5 with the solutions of closed profile (9), and the cutouts (17) are curved.

EXAMPLE III

The hall in greenhouse horticulture with skeleton, steel superstructure placed on the foundation according to the invention as in example I, wherein the closed profile 9 has the shape of a circle in the cross-section, the cuts 15 in the rolled profile steel 14 are adapted to with the solutions 16 of closed profile 9, and the cut-outs 17 are angular and of variable width.

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Claims (13)

1. A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure placed on the foundation consists of a series of frames that form the hall corridor, each consisting of girder and columns, with a column placed with a girder. The beam has a grid structure and the columns are placed vertically on the foundation. The roof structure and / or transparent screening panels are placed on the superstructure construction and girders form closed panels that are placed parallel to each other from top to bottom one on the other. At least one cold bent profile 10 is also placed between them as the connection, characterized in that a block lock (11) or clamp (11) is present on the connection contact (10) with closed profiles (9), the one element of which is the end (12) of the connection (10) and the other is the gap (13) in closed profile (9). The girder (4) is closed from the sides with flat-rolled profile steel (14) where the cuts (15) that are of shape and depth equal to the cross-section of the closed profile (9) have the profile steel (14) on the edge also the corner or arc cuts (17) having their starting point at the edge and running at the top of which at least two form the contacts, where in the fixing position the couples (18) fixedly attached to the column (5) are placed one on the other . A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to claim 1, characterized in that the closed profile (9) has the shape of a wheel, triangle, quadrangle or trapezium with round corners in the cross-section. 3. A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with a skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting piece can be made of rod or plate profile or pipe and is closed under an ALPHA angle opposite a closed profile ( 9) to which is connected is established. The ALPHA angle is preferably 30 g. or 45 gr. or 60 gr. or 90 gr. A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, 1039772, characterized in that the gap (13) in the form of a slot element (11) has the changing width, and the change in width is variable, the width at the narrowest point then being the narrowest cross-section of the end (12) of the connecting element (10). A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the contact (17 ') being the location point of the beam (4) on the column (5) ) is of a variable width, and the change in width is completely flexible, at the narrowest point on the highest width spot, then being at least equal to the cross-section of the cross-section of the torque (18). A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the end (12) of the connecting element (10) expands as the distance of the connecting element (10) ) becomes larger and whether in the cross-section has the form of T or L. A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the torque (18) increases as the distance from the column (5) increases and or in the cross-section has the shape of T or L. A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the end (12) of the connecting element (10) extends stepwise and then acquires two widths, the narrowest width is the length that is equal to the thickness of the wall in closed profile (9) A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to claim 5 or 7, characterized in that the torque (18) gradually increases and then has two widths, the narrowest width being the length that is equal to the thickness of flat rolled profile steel (14). A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the slits (13) are located in the longitudinal direction of the closed profile (9) and other length then have the adjacent slits (13) of the closed profile (9) and or are slid in opposite directions to the connecting element (10). A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the column (5) at the point of contact (5) with the beam (4) has a fixed structure has. 12. A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, the frames (3) longitudinally with each other, in the direction of the position of the beam ( 4), and the number of frames (3) in the line is equal to the number of corridors (2) of the hall (1) or frames (3) which are placed opposite each other contactlessly in parallel, equal to number of corridors (2 ) and hall (1). A hall preferably used in the greenhouse horticulture sector with skeleton, steel superstructure according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transparent protection panels (8) are made of glass and / or composite elements. 20 25 1039772